scientific innovations inc. joseph h. brondo, jr., ceo brookhaven national laboratory
DESCRIPTION
Inc. Innovations. SCIENTIFIC. EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEMS (EDS) Based on GAMMA RESONANCE TECHNOLOGY (GRT). Scientific Innovations Inc. Joseph H. Brondo, Jr., CEO Brookhaven National Laboratory Lucian Wielopolski, PhD. Advanced Energy Systems Anthony Favali, CEO - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
Scientific Innovations Inc. Joseph H. Brondo, Jr., CEO
Brookhaven National Laboratory Lucian Wielopolski, PhD.
Advanced Energy Systems Anthony Favali, CEO Joseph Sredniawski, VP.
NSNRC: David Vardsky, PhD.
Scientific Innovations Inc. Joseph H. Brondo, Jr., CEO
Brookhaven National Laboratory Lucian Wielopolski, PhD.
Advanced Energy Systems Anthony Favali, CEO Joseph Sredniawski, VP.
NSNRC: David Vardsky, PhD.
EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEMS (EDS)Based on
GAMMA RESONANCE TECHNOLOGY (GRT)
EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEMS (EDS)Based on
GAMMA RESONANCE TECHNOLOGY (GRT)
SCIENTIFIC
Innovations
Inc.
June 2002
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT ObjectivesEDS-GRT ObjectivesEDS-GRT ObjectivesEDS-GRT Objectives
A Joint Program byScientific Innovations, Inc.
Brookhaven National Laboratory Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
Rapid deployment of resonance technology for detection and imaging of concealed
explosives, chemical warfare agents, and dirty and nuclear bombs in shipping
containers
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT: OrganizationEDS-GRT: OrganizationEDS-GRT: OrganizationEDS-GRT: Organization
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Scientific Innovations Inc.
Advanced Energy Systems Inc.
Nuclear Research Center Soreq, Israel
R&DAccelerator Electronics Targets
System Integration
Engineering, Production
Resonance Detectors, Software
Liaison With the IndustryPrincipal Patent Holder
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT EDS-GRT System ConfigurationSystem ConfigurationPatents by Scientific Innovations, Inc.Patents by Scientific Innovations, Inc.
An accelerator is used to produce protons at a specific energy such that unique resonant gamma rays are generated from impingement on a specific target. The emitted gamma rays pass through a volume of interest and interact resonantly with specific elements of interest so that images of the elemental density are developed from the variation in gamma detection counts. Fluorescence or scattered gammas resonant with the element are also detected simultaneously. Non resonant gamma rays are used to image total density.
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
NameName MWMW CC HH NN OO N (%)N (%) g/cmg/cm33
TNTTNT 227.13227.13 77 55 33 66 18.518.5 1.651.65
RDXRDX 222.26222.26 33 66 66 66 38.038.0 1.831.83
HMXHMX 296.16296.16 44 88 88 88 37.837.8 1.961.96
TetrylTetryl 287.15287.15 77 55 55 88 24.424.4 1.731.73
PETNPETN 316.20316.20 55 88 44 1212 17.717.7 1.781.78
NGNG 227.09227.09 33 55 33 99 18.518.5 1.591.59
EGDNEGDN 152.10152.10 22 44 22 66 18.418.4 1.491.49
ANAN 80.0580.05 -- 44 22 33 35.035.0 1.591.59
TATPTATP 222.23222.23 99 1818 -- 66 -- 1.21.2
DNBDNB 168.11168.11 66 44 22 44 16.716.7 1.581.58
Picric AcidPicric Acid 229.12229.12 66 33 33 77 18.318.3 1.761.76
EDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: ExplosivesExplosivesEDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: ExplosivesExplosives
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
Where:
TNT – 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene RDX – Hexogen HMX – Octogen Tetryl – PETN – Nitropenta NG – Nitroglycerin EGDN – Ethylene glycol dinitrate AN – Ammonium Nitrate (NH4NO3) TATP – DNB – 1,3-Dinitrobenzene Picric acid -
About 80% of the explosives contain N, those that do not contain N contain Cl.
EDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: ExplosivesExplosivesEDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: ExplosivesExplosives
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: Other MaterialsOther MaterialsEDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: Other MaterialsOther Materials
NameName C%C% H%H% N%N% O%O% g/cmg/cm33
WoolWool 37.537.5 4.74.7 21.921.9 5.15.1 1.321.32
SilkSilk 39.539.5 5.35.3 28.828.8 26.326.3 1.251.25
NylonNylon 63.763.7 9.79.7 12.412.4 14.214.2 1.141.14
OrlonOrlon 67.967.9 5.75.7 26.426.4 00 1.161.16
MelaminMelamin
FormaldehydeFormaldehyde43.643.6 5.55.5 50.950.9 00 1.481.48
PolyurethanePolyurethane 52.252.2 7.97.9 12.212.2 27.827.8 1.501.50
MeatsMeats -- -- ~3~3 -- 1.101.10
PlantsPlants -- -- ~1~1 -- 1.051.05
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT AdvantagesEDS-GRT Advantages
In a two dimensional plot simultaneous registration
of the total density and the nitrogen density separates the explosives from other
common materials.
This two dimensional Matrix Provides for fully automatic identification of explosives
Addition of other elements will provide for a multi-
dimensional matrix
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: RequirementsRequirementsEDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: RequirementsRequirements
An ideal EDS system will
1) Detect directly presence of an explosive.
2) Identify the type of explosive.
3) Localize the explosive.
4) Minimize false positives.
5) Operate reliably in the field.
6) Provide high throughput.
7) Would not induces residual activity.
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
Brookhaven National LaboratoryLucian Wielopolski, Ph.D.
Scientific Innovations Inc. (SII)Joseph Brondo, CEO
June 2002
Brookhaven National LaboratoryLucian Wielopolski, Ph.D.
Scientific Innovations Inc. (SII)Joseph Brondo, CEO
June 2002
EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEMS (EDS)based on
GAMMA RESONANCE TECHNOLOGY (GRT)
Explosives and Chemical Warfare Agents Detection & Imaging
EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEMS (EDS)based on
GAMMA RESONANCE TECHNOLOGY (GRT)
Explosives and Chemical Warfare Agents Detection & Imaging
EDS-GRT Development Center
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: Current TechnologiesCurrent TechnologiesEDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: Current TechnologiesCurrent Technologies
Neutrons
Pulsed Fast Neutron Analysis Neutron
Backscatter
Associated Alpha
Particle Time of Flight
Thermal Neutron Analysis
Pulsed Fast Thermal Neutron Analysis
Electromagnetic
Nuclear Magnetic
Resonance NMR
Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance
NQR
Other Nuclear
Gamma Backscatter
Gamma Transmission
Gamma Resonance Technology
BULK ANALYSIS Trace Analysis
X-Ray
Standard Transmission
Computed Tomography
Backscatter
Dual Energy
Diffraction
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT:EDS-GRT: Basic Principles Basic PrinciplesEDS-GRT:EDS-GRT: Basic Principles Basic Principles
Gamma Resonance occurs when the energy of a gamma beam is precisely tuned to coincide with a nuclear excitation level in a nucleus of an element of interest.
GRT can be implemented in either absorption(transmission) or scattering mode.
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT:EDS-GRT: Basic Configurations Basic ConfigurationsEDS-GRT:EDS-GRT: Basic Configurations Basic Configurations
Accelerator
Target
Transmission Detectors
Object
TransmittedBeam
ProtonsA low energy proton beamhits a dedicated target andproduces resonance gammarays. These interact resonantly with N or Cl encountered in the explosive.
Monitoring the transmittedand the scattered beams,with the transmission and scattering detectors,respectively, allows analysisand imaging of the elements of interest.
ScatteringDetectors
ScatteredBeam
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
Setup measures simultaneously theresonantt and non resonant gamma ray flux and can differentiate between the two. The ratio of the two identifies the explosive
At 9.17 MeV gamma ray resonanceattenuation is about four times higher than the non resonantradiation.
EDS-GRT:EDS-GRT: Transmission TransmissionEDS-GRT:EDS-GRT: Transmission Transmission
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT Resonance PrincipleEDS-GRT Resonance Principle
Object
Resonant Gamma Fan
Proton Beam
Beam Production Target
Detector Array
Accelerator
Gamma resonance radiation from accelerator based nuclear reactions
SII PatentsPatent 5,040,200Patent 5,293,414Patent 6,215,851
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT AccomplishmentsEDS-GRT Accomplishments
DC Tandem Accelerator Design Specifications
• Energy tunable up to ~ 1.9 MeV • Beam current, ~2 mA, up to ~ 10 mA• Total Emittance ~0.1 pi mm mrad • Beam spread < 25 keV
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
1 Operational High Intensity Resonance Source at Northrop Grumman Prior to Transferto BNL
2 Partial Installation of the Resonance Source at BNL Site For R&D and Testing of Resonance Technology.
3 Specialized Resonance Detectors for Nitrogen, Used in Proof-of-Principle Demonstration, Were Developed.
EDS-GRT AccomplishmentsEDS-GRT Accomplishments
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT AccomplishmentsEDS-GRT Accomplishments
Two Projection images through an aircraft container
loaded with mixed cargo containing six explosives. The nitrogen image clearly
identifies the explosives.
Nahal Soreq groupexperimental set-up at Los Alamos inspecting
LD-3 air cargo container
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
Proof-of-Principle Demonstrated by Soreq Group UsingResonance Detectors:
Test Set Up Using Explosive Simulants (nitrogenousmaterial) And Other Objects
Total Density Image
Nitrogen Density Image Highlights Explosive Simulants And Makes Lead Brick Transparent
EDS-GRT Proof-of-PrincipleEDS-GRT Proof-of-Principle
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
Tissue N ~ 2.7%Explosive N ~19% - 30%.
Gammagram
Nitrogram
Nahal Soreq Group Experimentat McMaster University
EDS-GRT Proof-of-PrincipleEDS-GRT Proof-of-Principle
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT-TargetsEDS-GRT-Targets• Single Element Targets
• Multi-element (layered) Targets• Multi-element (segmented) Targets
Element Element DetectedDetected
TargetTargetEEpp
(MeV)(MeV)σσabsabs
(barns)(barns)
EEγγ
(MeV)(MeV)ReactionReaction
1414NN 1313CC 1.751.75 2.62.6 9.179.17 1313C(p,C(p,γγ))1414NN
4040CaCa 3939KK 2.042.04 5.05.0 10.3210.32 3939K(p,K(p,γγ))4040CaCa
3535ClCl 3434SS 1.891.89 1.01.0 8.218.21 3434S(p,S(p,γγ))3535ClCl
1616OO 1919FF 2.62.6 2.42.4 6.926.92 1919F(p,F(p,αα,,γγ))1616OO
1212CC 1515NN 2.62.6 1.11.1 4.434.43 1515N(p,N(p,αα,,γγ))1212CC
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
Comparison of AcceleratorsComparison of AcceleratorsParameter Electrostatic RF
Power Source res. circuit tube solid stateOutput (mA) 10 10* 10*Beam energy spread (+/-keV) 6 25 25Est. Accel. Dev. cost ($M) 6** 5 6.5Est. Prod. Cost ($M) 1.5 3.0 4.0Power conv. eff. (%) 0.5 0.4 0.55Beam power eff. (%) 0.9 0.30 0.30Overall accel. eff. (%) 0.45 0.12 0.165Wall power (kW) 39 146 106Footprint (ft2) 212 240 200Technology cutting edge exists exists
* Potential to 100 mA with increased input power** Includes cost of HVPS/LVPS development to date
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT ApplicationsEDS-GRT Applications
Border Control Airline Security
Bridges/Tunnels
Building & Monument SecurityPower Plant Security
Force Protection
Shipping Ports
Postal Security
Stadiums & Olympic Events
RT-EDIS
Railroad SecurityEmbassies
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRTEDS-GRT LD-3 Container InspectionLD-3 Container Inspection
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
A configuration of a system in an airport feeding simultaneously two inspection stations for bags.
EDS-GRTEDS-GRT Airport LuggageAirport Luggage
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
To Construct DeployableInspection Systems CapableTo Interrogate Small (postageparcel) And Large (shipcontainers) Bulk Materials,Using High ResolutionMedium Intensity And Low Resolution High IntensityAccelerators, Respectively.
EDS-GRT Future PlansEDS-GRT Future Plans
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT High Throughput ConfigurationEDS-GRT High Throughput Configuration
A single accelerator module can drive multiple A single accelerator module can drive multiple detection modules simultaneously to give high detection modules simultaneously to give high throughputs. This requires a special gamma production throughputs. This requires a special gamma production target (Patent 6,215,430 and Patent 5,784,430)target (Patent 6,215,430 and Patent 5,784,430)
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: Large Cargo ScreeningLarge Cargo ScreeningEDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: Large Cargo ScreeningLarge Cargo Screening
StackedContainers
Detectors
Resonance Gamma
Beam
36’8’
18’
Target
21’
Using four ramps may interrogate simultaneously 40 foot container in about 3 to 4 minutes, stacked containers will double the capacity. (Extrapolated from experiments)
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT Time Shared ConfigurationEDS-GRT Time Shared Configuration
Each detection station can process 1600 bags/hr, 24 LD-3 containers/hr, 4 conveyors simultaneously
• Single accelerator serves multiple detection stations
High speed mail hubs, checked luggage, containers
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT Truck InspectionEDS-GRT Truck Inspection
Force Protection, Borders, Power Plants, Bridges and Tunnels
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT AdvantagesEDS-GRT Advantages• High Detection Probability (>90%)
• Low False Alarm Rate (<5%)
• Specific Explosive Signature (Chemical elements)• Fully Automated Decision Making
• Single Source Can Feed Multiple Inspection Stations (in parallel or in time share modes)
• Suitable for Inspection of Postal Parcels Up ToLarge Vehicles or Shipping Containers
• No Residual Activity• Elemental 3-D Imaging Capability
•High Throughput (1600 bags/hr, 24LD-3/hr, ~3min/truck)/station
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT EDS-GRT False Alarm versus scan timeFalse Alarm versus scan time
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Time per 5 mm scan slice (secs)
Fals
e A
larm
(%
)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Time per 5 mm scan slice (secs)
Fals
e A
larm
(%
)
Data Based Upon 10 mA of Proton Current and 90% Detection ProbabilityHE @ 450g Sensitivity
100 cm (suitcase)
145 cm (small carousel)
252 cm dia container (LD-3)
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: Public safetyPublic safetyEDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: Public safetyPublic safety
• Accelerator produces low energy x-rays.• Target produces only gamma radiation, no neutrons.• Shielded highly collimated beam.• Dose to image N in human body 0.026 mrem.• Dose to stowaway will be considerable lower.• Gamma flux is two to three orders of magnitude
lower than for VACIS or CT systems.
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
1. Complete BNL Development and Test Facility (1y)
• Complete Facility• Target Development
• Detectors Development• System Integration and Testing
2. Setup a Low Rate Production Facility (1-2y)• Set Up Low Rate Production Facility
• Production Engineering Design • Production of a Small and Large Cargo Inspection
Systems• Field evaluation
3. Establish a High Rate Production Facility (2-3y)
EDS-GRT Path ForwardEDS-GRT Path Forward
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: R&DR&DEDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: R&DR&D
TargetBNL
Project Manager BNL
Scientific Innovations
DetectorsBNL
Resonance Detectors
Nahal Soreq
Position Sensitive Detectors TRIUMF
New DetectorsCl, Ca, LSO
AcceleratorBNL
AES
Software BNL/Nahal
Soreq
System Integration BNL
AES
Nahal Soreq
SII
SII – Scientific Innovations Inc.AES – Advanced Energy Systems Inc.Nahal Soreq – Nuclear Research Center
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
EDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: Time ScheduleTime ScheduleEDS-GRT: EDS-GRT: Time ScheduleTime Schedule
3 9 12 Month60
LC SystemIntegration
Documentation
TA Infrastructure
System Engineering
Detectors
Targets
Tandem Accelerator (TA)
LC SystemTesting &Evaluation
Test facility can be ready within a year.
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
SUMMARY SUMMARY SUMMARY SUMMARY
1. There is a need for new technology to meet future needs of national security.
2. Proof-of-principle of GRT for explosive detection and imaging has been demonstrated.
3. Gamma Resonance Technology is a viable method for detection of explosives and other elements in small and large shipping containers.
4. Life cycle of a unit is 10 to 15 years.
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.
SUMMARY SUMMARY SUMMARY SUMMARY 4. The proposed EDS-GRT fills deficiencies of
current x-ray scanners and other systems in use.
5. Extensive expertise at BNL in nuclear physics, particle accelerators, γ ray detectors and systems integration provide high probability for success.
6. A test facility ready for systems testing and prototype certification can be delivered within a year.
7. A field deployable system can be developed within two years.
Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.Brookhaven National Laboratory Scientific Innovations, Inc Advanced Energy Systems, Inc.