science study guide: atoms, elements, and matter · title: microsoft word - test study guide atoms,...
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Name:____________________________________________________________Block:_________Date:______________
SCIENCESTUDYGUIDE:Atoms,Elements,andMatter
1. Allmatterismadeupof____________.Thesmallestamountyoucanhaveofanyelementisexactlyone_____________.
2. Anatomismadeupofthreesubatomicparticles:
1) ____________________(charge=_____________mass=_____________)
2) ____________________(charge=_____________mass=_____________)
3) ____________________(charge=_____________mass=_____________)
3. The______________isthedensecenteroftheatom,whichcontainsthe________________.and________________.
4. The___________________________isthelarge,outerpotionofanatom,containingthe__________________,and
madeupmostlyofempty_________________.
5. Identifythefollowingelement:_____________ 6.Draw&labelthefollowingelementbelow:
7. Potassium(K)hasanatomicnumberof19andanatomicmassof39.Howmanyneutronsdoesthishave?_____________
8. Wecandividetheperiodictableintothreeprimarycategories:metals,non‐metals,and____________________.
9. Metalslocatedaretothe_________ofthezigzaglineontheperiodictable,andmosthavethefollowingproperties:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
10. Listthechemicalsymbolforallofthealkalimetals:_________________________________________________________
11. Listthenamesofthethreealkaliearthmetalswiththegreatestatomicmasses:_________________________________
12. Fluorine(9),Chlorine(17),Bromine(35),Iodine(53),andAstatine(85)areagroupofelementscalled___________,which
areknowntobehighly________________.
7
NNitrogen14
13. Basedonthediagram,labelthefollowingitems(A–D)as
eitherMoreReactive,LessReactive,orLeastReactive:
A. ________________________
B. ________________________
C. ________________________
D. ________________________
14. Thefarrightgroupofelementsontheperiodictablearecalledthe______________________________.Theyare
consideredtobe_____________becausetheydonotreadilycombinewithotherelements.
15. Rowsontheperiodictablearecalled_______________.Thecolumnsonaperiodictablearecalled_________________,
andtheseelementstypicallysharesimilar__________________.
16. Thethreestatesofmatterare_________________,_________________,and_________________.
17. Identifyeachstatebelow:
18. _______________havedefinitevolumeandshape,while________________havedefinitevolumebutnodefiniteshape.
19. _______________aremadeupofhigh‐energy,fastmovingparticlesthatbouncearoundandaretypicallyspreadout.
20. _______________aremadeupofcloselypackedparticlesthatonlyvibrateinplace.
21. Whenasolidchangesintoagas,itiscalled_______________________,while___________________isthenamefora
solidchangingintoaliquid.
22. Evaporationoccurswhena________________becomesa_________________.
23. ______________________iswhenagaschangesintoaliquid.
24. Howdoestemperatureeffectthestatesofmatter?________________________________________________________
25. Arehighlyreactiveelements(likealkalimetalsoralkalineearthmetals)likelytofoundintheirpureforminnature?_____
Explainwhyorwhynot:_______________________________________________________________________________.