science and the environment understanding our environment
TRANSCRIPT
Science and the Environment
Understanding Our Environment
Section Objectives List the five major fields of study associated with
Environmental Science Describe the major effects of hunter-gatherers,
the Agricultural Revolution, and the Industrial Revolution.
Distinguish between renewable and nonrenewable resources
Classify environmental problems into three major categories
Environmental Science The study of air, water, and land
surrounding an organism or a community Included:
Impact of humans Small areas Earth’s biosphere
Interdisciplinary Science
Environmental Science To understand and
solve environmental problems
Studies human use of resources
Studies impact of human use
Environment Through Time Hunter-gatherers- Obtained
food by collecting plants, hunting and/or scavenging animals Burned grasslands Killed buffalo in large
numbers Over hunting caused
extinctions of: Giant sloth Giant bison Mastadons Cave bears Saber-toothed cats
Hunted to Extinction
Hunter-Gatherers
Environment Through Time The Agricultural Revolution- Growing and
raising food for human consumption Started over 10,000 years ago Human populations increased dramatically Concentrations of people affected environment Domesticated plants from wild plants Slash and burn Causes soil loss, floods, and water shortage Poor farming practice rendered = useless land
The Agricultural Revolution
Environment Through Time Industrial Revolution- Shift to using fossil fuels
Efficiency of agriculture, industry, and transportation Mass production = lower cost Machinery reduced land and human labor needed Human populations grew at an extraordinary rate Urban areas grew = more pollution and habitat loss Improvements:
Inventions- Light bulb, plastics, pesticides, fertilizers Sanitation Nutrition Medical care
The Industrial Revolution
Local
Spaceship Earth Earth is a closed system Nothing enters but
energy from sun Nothing leaves except for
heat Some resources are
limited Waste produced faster
than disposal
Today’s Problems Local problems- Landfills Regional problems- River water shortage Global problems- Ozone depletion &
global warming
Resource Depletion Resource depletion- Large
fractions used up Natural resources-
Renewable- Can be replaced within a human lifetime
Nonrenewable- Can’t be replaced within a human lifetime
Pollution Undesirable change in environment caused
by introducing harmful substances, excessive waste, heat, noise or radiation Biodegradable-Can be broken down by
natural processes Build up faster than broken down
Nondegradable-Can’t be broken down by natural processes Build up at dangerous levels
Pollution
Loss of Biodiversity Biodiversity- Variety of organisms in a
given area Genetic variety in a population Variety of species in community Variety of communities in ecosystem
Extinction- none left Preservation important