science (and technology) driven oil spill preparedness ......may 06, 2019 · loss of subsea well...

© Copyright Oil Spill Response Limited.

Sea Grant Workshop

St. Petersburg, Florida

April 24, 2019

Paul Schuler

Director, External Affairs, Americas

Oil Spill Response Limited

Science (and Technology) Driven Oil Spill

Preparedness & Response


2010 Dispersant Science & Oil Spill Plans

1:20 Dispersant to Oil Ratio

5 gallons per acre

50 liters per hectare

Ref: 0.1mm oil thickness.


Active Monitoring (Natural Degradation)

– Modeling, Surveillance, Visualization

Source Control

Containment, Protective Booming, Mechanical Recovery

Chemical Dispersants

In-situ Burn

Shoreline Clean-up

What Are Your Response Options?


Response Strategy(s) Drivers

• Health & Safety: Community, Responders

• Feasibility: Weather, Geography

• Type & Fate of Spilled Oil

• Resources at Risk & Environmental Sensitivities

• Stakeholder Priorities (shoreline vs. water column)

• Available Response Resources (Science & Technology)

• Realistic Expectations

• Net Environmental Benefit Analysis (NEBA)

• Match Effectiveness of Response with Scale of Spill


From IPIECA Report Series Volume 4

TROPICS Field Study

Panama

1984-2016

Net Environmental Benefit

Analysis (NEBA)


Preparedness Equipment & Training – December 2009


Mobilization and Deployment for Response

Operating Base Dispersant Supply & Resupply


Untreated Slick

Slick remains on surface

Movement Subject to winds

Oil Adheres

Oil Persists

Removes wind vector

Stabilized droplets

Does not adhere

Allows for diffusion

/dilution

Increases surface area for

biodegradation

Dispersed Oil

Trade-off shoreline v. water column


Oil Movement on Sea’s Surface

OSRL

100%

3% wind


Biodegradation of Dispersed Oil

ExxonMobil


COREXIT 9500A Ingredients(FDA Food Grade Surfactants)

ExxonMobil/NALCO

DOSS

Docusate Sodium


GDS - Dispersant Stockpile


What would a response look like?

Tiered Preparedness & Response:– Local, National, International Resources

NEBA/SIMA – (Net Environmental Benefit Analysis

– Spill Impact Mitigation Analysis

Simultaneous Operations (Surface, Aerial, Subsea)– Mobilizations, Logistics, “Prudent Over-reaction”

– Remote Sensing

Logistics/Transboundary Coordination, (Mutual Aid)


Loss of Subsea Well Control

Objectives of Subsea Dispersant Injection (SSDI):

– Chemically disperse the released oil

– Reduce oil droplet size to less than 100 µm (microns)

– Impede oil from rising to the sea surface

(IPIECA–IOGP, 2015)


VOCS, Scale, Encounter Rate

Courtesy of Ocean Imaging


OSRL B727 Spray Aircraft

+ Global Dispersant Stockpile


Survey & Debris Clearance


BOP Intervention


Subsea Dispersant Injection (SSDI)


In-Situ Burn


Containment and

recovery

Surface containment and

recovery

Large range of recovery

devices to suit the oil

viscosity.

High-volume offshore

recovery skimmers also

available

Equipment is designed

for use on most vessels

of opportunity

Temporary storage

equipment for recovered

oil


Mobilization of Capping Stack


Introduction to SWIS Equipment

Capping Stack Systems (CSS)

Fully assembled caps which are response ready


Air Freightable Capping Stack (An-124)


Introduction to SWIS Equipment

Containment Toolkit


Containment Boom

Source: CCA & EPA


A Counter-historical Analysis of DWH cont’d

Physical Modeling (Mass Balance) (Deborah French-McCay)

– Volume of oil in water column vs. Volume surface/ashore

– Extent of Oiling, surface areas swept by oil (shoreline thresholds per API CRA)

Comparative Risk Analysis (Michael Bock, Deborah French-McCay)

– Multiply extent by Relative Density of Flora, Fauna

– Factor Relative recovery rates

– Trade-off: water column vs surface/shoreline

– Population Densities (depth vs. surface/shoreline)

– Dilution potential


6 Counter-historical Cases

Actual* (best estimated) response utilized for DWH (baseline)

Actual response utilized for DWH minus use of any dispersant.

Actual response for DWH incident minus SSDI

Actual response, assuming SSDI DOR recommended to the FOSC (1:100)

Actual response using SSDI DOR that disperses most of the oil (1:20)

No response (i.e., no removal, burning or dispersants used).


Offset Installation Equipment

Deployment by Air


Industry Collaboration & Communication

JIP Good Practice Guides


IOGP’s Global Incident Response Group

Governments, regulators, NOIA, OSROs and industry initiatives

PREVENTIONBetter capabilities and practice

in well engineering design and

well operations management

INTERVENTIONImproved capping response in the

event of an incident and to study

further the need for, and feasibility

of, global containment solutions

RESPONSEEffective and fit-for-purpose

oil spill response

preparedness and capability

In response to GIRG, the industry created three separate activities


OSR: Good Practice Guides

STRATEGY

Preparedness and Response Framework

Incident Management Strategies

Net Environmental Benefit Analysis

RESPONSE

Surveillance

Dispersants: Sea surface

Dispersants: Subsurface

Mechanical Recovery

In-Situ Controlled Burning

Shoreline Response Planning and SCAT

Shoreline Cleanup Techniques

Inland Responses

Waste Management

Oiled Wildlife Management

Environmental Assessment and Restoration

Economic Assessment and Compensation

Responder Health and Safety

PREPAREDNESS

• Contingency Planning

• Sensitivity Mapping

• Tiered Preparedness & Response

• Training

• Exercise Planning

IMPACTS

• Impacts on Marine Ecology

• Impacts on Shorelines

• Impacts on Freshwater Ecology


*Economic Assessment and

Compensation

*Environmental Impact

Assessment

Surveillance, Modeling, and Visualization

Offshore Surface Dispersants

Offshore Subsea Dispersants

In-situ Controlled Burning

At-sea Containment and Recovery

Protection of Sensitive Resources

Shoreline and Inland Assessment (SCAT)

Shoreline Cleanup

Inland Response

Oiled Wildlife Response

*Waste Management

*Stakeholder Engagement and

Communication

*Source Control

15 Good Practice Guidance for an Holistic Oil Spill Capability


Tampa Oil Spill, 1993

Oil from a tank-barge spill off St. Petersburg in 1993 collects along the beaches of Treasure Island. About 12.5 miles of

beaches on barrier islands, from Redington Shores to St. Pete Beach, were affected. COURTESY OF NOAA

RESTORATION CENTER, SOUTHEAST REGION / 1993


Summary JIP/JITF Program Resources

American Petroleum Institute (API)/Joint Industry Task Force (JITF) Website (Factsheets and Reports):

– http://www.oilspillprevention.org/oil-spill-research-and-development-cente

OGP/IPIECA JIP Website:

– http://oilspillresponseproject.org

OSRL Subsea Well Intervention Services (SWIS):

– http://www.oilspillresponse.com/files/dispersantfactsheet2013-2.pdf

OGP Arctic JIP:

– http://www.arcticresponsetechnology.org/

http://www.oilspillprevention.org/oil-spill-research-and-development-cente

http://oilspillresponseproject.org/

http://www.oilspillresponse.com/files/dispersantfactsheet2013-2.pdf

http://www.arcticresponsetechnology.org/

science (and technology) driven oil spill preparedness ......may 06, 2019 · loss of subsea well...

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