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A. Map – a model or representation of the Earth’s surface

B. Reference Point – a fixed place on the Earth’s surface from which direction and location can be described

1. The North and South poles are Earth’s reference points.

C. Cardinal directions – North, South, East, and West

D. Geographic Poles are in a slightly different location than magnetic poles.

1. Geographic North Pole is called true north because it never changes.

E. The magnetic declination- is the adjustment or difference between magnetic north and geographic north.

F. Latitude and longitude are intersecting lines on a globe or map that allow you to find exact locations.

G. Latitudes run east – west.1. The equator is at 0 degrees latitude. North Pole –

90 degrees North latitude. South Pole – 90 degrees South latitude

H. Longitudes run north-south through the poles.1. Longitudes are also called meridans.2. The Prime Meridan - 0 degrees longitude