THE NECESSITY OF VENGEANCE REFLECTED IN ALEXANDRE

DUMAS’ THE COUNT OF MONTE CRISTO (1844):

A PSYCHOANALYTIC CRITICISM

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Getting

Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department

Compiled by:

RIZAL MAHFUDINA320100275

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

2014

ii

APPROVAL

THE NECESSITY OF VENGEANCE REFLECTED IN ALEXANDREDUMAS’ THE COUNT OF MONTE CRISTO (1844):

A PSYCHOANALYTIC CRITICISM

Presented by:

RIZAL MAHFUDINA. 320 100 275

Approved to be Examined by Consultant Team

Consultant I Consultant II

(Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S.) (Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D.)NIK. 410 NIK. 727

iii

ACCEPTANCE

THE NECESSITY OF VENGEANCE REFLECTED IN ALEXANDREDUMAS’ THE COUNT OF MONTE CRISTO (1844):

A PSYCHOANALYTIC CRITICISM

Accepted and Approved by the Board of ExaminerSchool of Teacher Training and EducationMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta

on March 11th , 2014

by

RIZAL MAHFUDINA 320 100 275

Team of Examiners:

1. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S. ( )Chair Person

2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D. ( )(Member I)

3. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum. ( )(Member II)

Dean

Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum.NIP: 19650428 199303 1001

iv

TESTIMONY

I hereby testify that in this research paper, there is no plagiarism of the

previous work which has been raised to obtain bachelor degree of a university, nor

there are opinions nor masterpieces which have been written or published by other,

except those in which the writing are referred in the manuscript, mentioned in

literary review and bibliography.

Hence, later if it is proven that there are some untrue statements in this

testimony; hence I will hold full responsibility.

Surakarta, 28 February 2014

Rizal Mahfudin

v

MOTTO

You can never cross the ocean until you haveThe courage to lose sight of the shore

(Cristopher Columbus)

“Learn” then “Earn”(Anonymous)

Make your lives a masterpiece,You only get one canvas

(e. a. bucchianeri)

Strive not to be a success,But rather to be of value

(Albert Einstein)

Failure is a mate who pressures us to try harder,He then will lead us to the other mate

Named success(R. Mahfudin)

vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First of all, the writer would like to deliver his grateful to The Almighty

God, Allah SWT for His grace, guidance, and mercy, so the writer, at last, is able

to complete his research entitled “THE NECESSITY OF VENGEANCE

REFLECTED IN ALEXANDRE DUMAS’ THE COUNT OF MONTE

CRISTO (1844): A PSYCHOANALYTIC CRITICISM”.

Subsequently, the completion of this undertaking could not have been

possible done without the participation and assistance of so many people whose

names may not all be enumerated. Their contributions are sincerely appreciated and

gratefully acknowledged. However, the researcher would like to express his deep

appreciation and indebtedness particularly to the following:

1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., as the Dean of School of Teacher

Training and Education at Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,

2. Titis Setyabudi, S.S. M. Hum., as the former Chief of English Education

Department and also as the academic consultant who gives academic

guidance, advices, and support during his study in the university,

3. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S. as the first consultant for his research guidance,

advice, and suggestion,

vii

4. Mauly Halwat, Ph. D. as the second consultant, for her grammar guidance,

advice, and suggestion and also as a new chief of English Education

Department,

5. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum., as the third examiner for advice and

suggestion,

6. All of DEE’s lecturers, for their knowledge, patience, guidance, and

supports,

7. His best friends, especially celay (Ami, Anita, and Novi) and F4/colay

(Agung, Danang, Dodi, Heri), for their untiring help, support, cooperation,

and unceasing encouragement,

8. EDSO and MUEC, for their unpayable experiences of organization and

English course management course,

9. GENDHING for the spectacular English drama performance on June 13th,

2013 and also VOG for our best friendship,

10. His friends of PPL at MTS N 2 Surakarta for the valuable teaching

experience,

11. All DEE’s students, especially for students’ 2010 academic year, thanks for

all unforgettable experience, struggle, laugh, sadness, and unstoppable spirit

during our study at college,

12. His beloved parents (Rohdwiono and Hanifah Wuryani) and brothers

(Dimas and Urfan) for all spirit, prayer, and wish,

13. Last but not least, his beloved gorgeous soul, Farida Hikmawati, for all joys

and untiring encouragement.

viii

The researcher realizes that there are many inadequacies in this study. Thus,

any constrictive suggestion is welcome for the research development in the

university.

Surakarta, 28 February 2014Sincerely yours

Rizal Mahfudin

ix

DEDICATION

proudly dedicated to:

His beloved Mom and DadHis cherished brothersHIS inseparable friends

His adorable loverand

Those supporting the study

x

SUMMARY

RIZAL MAHFUDIN. A 320 100 275. THE NECESSITY OF VENGEANCEREFLECTED IN ALEXANDRE DUMAS’ THE COUNT OF MONTECRISTO (1844): A PSYCHOANALYTIC CRITICISM. RESEARCH PAPER.MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA.

This research aims at analyzing necessity of vengeance in the Count ofMonte Cristo novel by using Psychoanalytic Criticism. The major problem in thisresearch is to describe how necessity of vengeance is reflected in Alexandre Dumas’the Count of Monte Cristo. The research consists of two objectives: analyzing thenovel based on structural elements and analyzing the novel based onpsychoanalytic criticism. This study uses qualitative research. The object of thestudy is the Count of Monte Cristo novel written by Alexandre Dumas. There aretwo kinds of data source: primary and secondary. The primary data source is thetext of the novel Alexandre Dumas’s Count of Monte Cristo and the secondary datasources are some books and article related to the subject. The method of collectingdata in the research is library research by summarizing, paraphrasing, anddocumenting the data. In analyzing the data, the writer applies descriptive analysis.The result of the research bears some conclusions: first, based on psychoanalyticanalysis, the main character, Count of Monte Cristo, is a man who has a pleasureseeking personality. Second, vengeance is necessary for Count to restore his self-esteem and to punish their enemies in order to make them aware of their mistakes.Last, Dumas writes the Count of Monte Cristo novel as a mirror of society whichdescribes that there are many individuals exacting vengeance in society and alsoas an advice to society to prevent vengeance as a means of curing the pain.

Keywords: vengeance, necessity, self-esteem, mistakes, pleasure, society.

Consultant I

Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S.NIK. 410

Consultant II

Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D.NIK. 727

Dean

Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum.NIP: 19650428 199303 1001

xi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE ................................................................................................................................ i

APPROVAL .................................................................................................................... ii

ACCEPTANCE ............................................................................................................. iii

TESTIMONY................................................................................................................. iv

MOTTO............................................................................................................................ v

ACKNOWLEDGMENT ............................................................................................. vi

DEDICATION ............................................................................................................... ix

SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................... x

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................ xi

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study ............................................................ 1

B. Literature Review ..................................................................... 10

C. Problem Statement.................................................................... 12

D. Limitation of the Study............................................................. 12

E. Objectives of the Study............................................................. 12

F. Benefits of the Study ................................................................ 13

G. Research Method ...................................................................... 13

H. Research Paper Organization.................................................... 15

CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY

A. Notion of Psychoanalysis ......................................................... 16

B. Structure of Personality ............................................................ 18

xii

1. Id ........................................................................................... 19

2. Superego ............................................................................... 20

3. Ego ........................................................................................ 22

C. Aggression ................................................................................ 23

D. Vengeance................................................................................. 25

1. Notion of Vengeance ............................................................ 25

2. Vengeance Aims................................................................... 27

E. Structural Elements of the Fiction ............................................ 29

1. Character............................................................................... 29

2. Theme ................................................................................... 30

3. Plot........................................................................................ 30

4. Setting ................................................................................... 31

5. Point of View........................................................................ 31

6. Style ...................................................................................... 32

F. Theoretical Application ............................................................ 33

CHAPTER III : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

A. Structural Elements................................................................... 34

1. Character and Characterization............................................. 34

2. Setting ................................................................................... 60

3. Plot........................................................................................ 63

4. Point of View........................................................................ 69

5. Style ...................................................................................... 70

6. Theme ................................................................................... 76

xiii

B. Discussion................................................................................. 76

CHAPTER IV : PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS

A. Structure of Count of Monte Cristo’s Personalities.................. 80

1. Id ........................................................................................... 80

2. Superego ............................................................................... 82

3. Ego ........................................................................................ 85

B. Discussion................................................................................. 88

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion ................................................................................ 91

B. Pedagogical Implication ........................................................... 92

C. Suggestion................................................................................. 93

BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................ 94

APPENDIX