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Schlumberger Carbon ServicesPerformance and Risk Approach to CO2 Storage Integrity

CO2 Capture and Storage – Response to Climate Change CO2Net East Regional WorkshopZagreb, 27 – 28 February, 2007Hanspeter Rohner

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Schlumberger Carbon Services

Schlumberger Public

Geological Storage of CO2 – WorkflowPerformance and Risk managementTechnologies as part of Performance and Risk ManagementExample

Agenda

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Saline Aquifers

CO2 Capture and Geological StorageOther CO2 Streams• LNG process• CO2-rich gas production• Gas-to-Liquid process• Heavy Oil production• Coal-to-Liquid process• Hydrogen production• Oil Refineries• Steel mills• Cement factories• Aluminum smelters

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Site Selection Site Characterization (SCP) Field Design

Site PreparationSite Construction Injection

Per

form

ance

& R

isk

M

anag

emen

t Sys

tem

(PR

SM

)C

omm

unic

atio

n an

d P

ublic

Acc

epta

nce

SEVERITY

-11 L

-21 S

-41 C

-31 M

-51 M C

-22 L

-41 S

-62 M

-82 C

-1 02 M C

-33 L

-63 S

-93 M

-1 23 C

-1 53 M C

-44 L

-55 L

-84 S

-1 24 M

-1 64 C

-2 04 M C

- 1 05 S

- 1 55 M

- 2 05 C

- 2 55 M C

-1Lig h t

-2

-3

-4

-5

S e rio u s

M a jo r

C a ta s tro p h ic

M u lti-C a ta s tro p h ic

321

Possible

Unlikely

Improbable

5

Probable

4

Likely

L IK E L IH O O D

W h ite a rro w ind ic a te s d e c re a s in g ris k

P R E V E N TIO N

M IT IG AT IO N

C o n tro lM e a s u re s

R E D

B L U E

Y E L L O WG R E E N

IN T O LE R A B LE : D o n o t t ak e th is ri sk

U N D E S IR A B LE : D em on stra te A LA R P be fo re p ro cee d in g

A C C E P T A B LE : P roc eed ca re fu lly , w ith co n tin uou s im p rove m e nt

N E G LIG IB L E : S a fe to p roc eed

-16 to -1 0

-9 to -5

-4 to -2

-1

B L A C K N O N -O P E R A B LE : E v ac ua te th e z on e a nd or a rea /co un try-25 to -2 0

Pre-OperationPhase

~ 10-50 years

~ 1-2 year

OperationPhase

~ 100+ years

Post-Injection Phase

Site Retirement Programme(SRP)

Monitoring (M&V)• Operation

• Verification

• Environmental

The CO2 Storage Workflow

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Assure optimal Performance of a CO2 storage system

Performance and Risk Management

Performance & Risk Assessment

• Capacity• Injectivity• Containment

FunctionsRisk Treatment

Actions• Cost• Environment• Health & Security• Image

Stakes• Consequences• Risk Matrix• Remediation Plan

Risk Model

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Site Characterization and Modeling

Performance & RiskAnalysis

• Injectivity• CO2 in place• Leakage Scenarios and rates • Risk classification

Measurements (Characterization)

• Seismic• Data well

Modelling & Simulation• Structure• Properties• Fluid dynamics• Tool Response

Monitoring plan• Sensor selection• Specifications• Placement

Monitoring sensors response prediction

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Characterization Tools and Software

Modeling • Petrel• Eclipse / Eclipse-Geomechanics

Chlorite(ELAN+core)

Illite(ELAN+core)

chlorite

illiteMeasurements• Seismic• FMI• PEx• ECS• Sonic Scanner• MDT

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Static and Dynamic Modeling (Petrel/Eclipse)Surface imaging MappingEM survey interpretationData input

Information managementGIS database

3D Geological model3D Property model of the Reservoir and the Overburden

Log interpretationWell correlationSurface identificationSurface/subsurface interaction

Uncertainty analysisUpscaling processesReservoir and Aquifer property population

CalibrationHistory matchPost processingPresentation

Data analysisFacies modellingFault modellingFracture modellingHydrodynamic test analysis

3D flow simulationGeochemistryGeomechanics

Eclipse

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Schlumberger Storage Technologies (cont.)

Standard Neat system

Carbonation rim: 6 mm

• CO2-Resistant Cement

Advanced cement system

Carbonation rim: 0.2 mm

Well Construction – Drilling and Cementing Technologies

• Well Planning• Geosteering

• Stable Boreholes

After one month in supercritical CO2 (280 bar, 90 DegC)

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Performance & RiskAnalysis

• Injectivity• CO2 in place• Leakage scenarios and rates• Risk classification

During and after Injection – Monitoring

Measurements (Monitoring)

• Geophysics• Well Logging• Sampling• Surface / atmosphere

Simulation• Structure• Properties• fluid dynamics• Tool responseMonitoring sensor

response prediction

Measurement interpretationModel update

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CO2 Plume Displacement and Cap Rock Integrity Monitoring

1994 1999 2001

Top Utsira Sand

• 4D-Seismic• VSP• X-Well EM•…

• RST• CHFR• Sampling•…

Sleipner

• Micro Seismicity • Cross Well EM Res

• Cement and Completion Integrity Logging• IBC• EMIT Corrosion• ….

Well Integrity Monitoring

Monitoring Technologies

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A Continuous Process

InterventionMitigationRepair

time

Certification at start

Certification and Transfer of liabilities

ModelingCharacterization

Performance & Risk Analysis

Modeling

Performance & RiskAnalysisInjection start

Monitoring

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Example – Containment

What are the most likely hypothetical risks of leakage?• Migration along wellbores• Geological leakage paths

• Failure of sealing cap rock• Re-activation of faults and fractures

Along faults and fractures

Along wellbores

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CharacterisationCement logs

Drilling reportsWell geometry

Cement degradationCasing corrosionCO2 migration

Limit conditions

Data & inputDynamic model

Leak amount & probability

>20 M€

<20 M€

<5 M€<1 M€

<0,2 M€

FFinancial

Envir.3rd-PPeople

CSAFETY

6 : Catastr.

5 : Critical

4 : Major3 : Serious

2 : Marginal

1 : Minor

…B

AssetA

Reliability &availability.

Stakes

Level

>20 M€

<20 M€

<5 M€<1 M€

<0,2 M€

FFinancial

Envir.3rd-PPeople

CSAFETY

6 : Catastr.

5 : Critical

4 : Major3 : Serious

2 : Marginal

1 : Minor

…B

AssetA

Reliability &availability.

Stakes

Level

Consequence grid & transfert fonction

Static model

666564636261656555453525154645444342414363534333231326252423222121615141312111654321

DetectionEvolution

Conclusions

811

13

5

00

5

10

15

20

minor weak middle high critical

B = 50

Sensitivity analysisRisk mitigation optionsCost / Benefits ranking

Can we re-use existing wells ?More data needed ?

Probability of leakageType of leakage to expect X

=

An Integrated Performanceand Risk Management Solution

Example – Managing Well Integrity

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USA and Canada Europe, North

Africa & Russia

Australia

Weyburn EOR CanadaFrio TexasBattelle Ohio-W.VirginiaSheep Mountain ColoradoMultiple CO2 EOR studies, PermianApprox 70 CO2 EOR Installations

Gorgon Barrow IslandOtway Basin CO2CRCCallide Queensland

Schlumberger Activities in CO2 Storage and EOR

Sleipner NorwaySnohvit NorwayIn-Salah AlgeriaHassi Touareg AlgeriaHannibal TunisiaKetzin GermanyKarniow PolandVarious CO2 EOR studiesCO2ReMoVeCosmos 1+2MoveCBMCOACHNZECANR monitoring project

Middle East & AsiaMultiple CO2 EOR feasibility studiesAssociated CO2 prod re-injection studiesMoveCBM China

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Thank You !

schlumberger carbon services - · pdf file•petrel † eclipse ... 3d property model...

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