saturn v america's moon rocket

8/6/2019 Saturn V America's Moon Rocket

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THIRD STAGE OPERATIONS

Earth Parking Orbit

Boost to Lunar Traiectory

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P 7 6 7The S A T U R N V The World's Largest SpaceVehicle

DT he fi rs t mission of the SaturnV launch vehicle will be to st ar t the

Apollo spacecr aft, with thr ee astro nauts aboard, on a, ourney to

the Moon. Proj ec t Apollo is dire cte d by NASA's office of Manned

Space Flight. The Marsha ll Center is providingthe Saturn launchvehicles. The Manned Spacecraft Center at Houstonis providing

the thre e separate modules of the spacecra ft, selecting and

training the astronauts, and will operate the Mission Control

Center. The Kennedy Space Center in Florida will launch the

astronau ts on their epic flight.

-0 n the lunar flight, the Saturn V will orbit its own third stage,

linked physically to the spacecra ft, about 115 miles above the

earth. This firs t phase of the luna r journey is called an earth

parking orbit. Sometime before the completion of three orbits,

the third stage is reignited. It bur ns for about six minutes toinject the spacecr aft and astronaut s into an earth-escape tr a-

jectory toward the moon.

When fully operational, the S aturn Vwill be ab le to launch into orbit

morethan a quar ter of a million pounds. The total orbiting ton-

age in the lunar mission will be about 280,000 pounds. This

includes the weight of theth ird stag e and instrument unit section.

The fully fueled andloaded Apollo Spacecraft, in it s lunar mission

configuration, will weigh about 95,000 pounds.

The Saturn V is a three-stage launch vehicle. With its Apollopayload, it is 364 feet tall. Physical and performance charac-

terist ics of the stages, in a mission such a s the lunar trip, are

as follows:

q FIRST STAGE

The fir st stage burns over i5tons of propellants pe r second during

its two and one-half minutes of operati on to taketh e vehicle to a

height of about 36 miles and to a speed of about 6,000 miles-per-

hour.

Power: Five F-1 engines with combinedth rust of 7.5 million pounds.

Propellants: RP- i kerosene--214,200 gallons or 1,444,700pounds.

Liquid oxygen--346,400 gallons o r 3,278,600 pounds.

Fueled weight of stage: 5,028,000 pounds.

Stage contractor: The Boeing Company

a ECOND STAGE

The second stage burns ov er one ton of propellants pe r second

during about si x and one-half minutes of operation to take the vehi-

cle t o an altitude of about 108 miles and a speed of ne ar orb italvelocity, which in this case is about 17,400 miles-per-hour.

Power: Fi ve J-2 engines withcombine d thr us t of 1,000,000 pounds.

Propellants : Liquid hydrogen--267,700 gallons o r 155,000 pounds.

Liquid oxygen--87,400 gallons o r 827,200 pounds.

Fueled weight of stage: 1,064 ,000 pounds.

Stage contractor: North Ameri can Aviation, Inc.

UTHIRD STAGE

The third stage has two important operations during the Pro ject

Apollo lunar mission. After the second stage drops away, the third

ignites and b urns fo r about two minutes to place itself and thespacecraft into the desired ear th orbit. At the prope r time during

this ear th parking orbit, the third stage is reignited to speed the

Apollo spacecra ft to escape velocity. In this second sequence, the

stage burns f or about six minutes.

Power: Single 3-2 engine, 200,000 pounds thrust

Propellants : Liquid hydrogen--66,900 gallons o r 38,770 pounds.

Liquid oxygen--20,400 gallons o r 193,700 pounds.

Fue led weight of stage: 265,000 pounds.

Stage contractor: Douglas Air cra ft Company

O INSTRUMENT UNIT

The instru ment unit . located atop the third stage, between the

stag e and the payload, contains guidance and control equipment for

the launch vehicle.

Weight: About 4,100 pounds

Contractor: International Business Machines Corporation

q APOLLO SPACECRAFT

Command Module: i 3 feet in diameter ; weight, i i , 000 pounds.

North Amer ican Aviation, Inc., contractor .

Service Module: i 3 fee t in diameter, i 5 fee t in height; weight,50,000 pounds; 22,000-pound th ru st engine. NAA, contra ctor.

Lunar Module: Two sta ges ; tota l weight, 30,000pounds. De-

scent engine's thrus t can be varied fro m 1,050 to 10,500 pounds.

Grurnann Aircraf t Engineering Corporation, contractor.



INSTRUMENT -

SECOND STAGE

S P A C E

C R A F T

SINGLE 9-2 ENGINE

THIRD STAGE

FIVE 5-2 ENGINES

IRST STAGE

CfDRCf C

-1 ENGINES NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTMTION

saturn v america's moon rocket

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