satellite tutorial

Copyright © 2016 Thuraya Telecommunications Company. This document contains Thuraya information which is proprietary and confidential.

Any disclosure, copying, distribution or use is prohibited if not otherwise explicitly agreed with Thuraya in writing.

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Satellite Technology and its use in SailingKeith Murray (Maritime Product Manager)

Dubai to Muscat Race

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

ThurayaWho we are.

• Own and operate two satellites

• Provide voice and data services

• Reach two thirds of the earths population

• Based in Dubai and Sharjah

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

What is a SatelliteAnd what do they do for us.

• A simple question, what is a satellite?o Here is the answer from NASA (and they should know)o A satellite is a moon, planet or machine that orbits a planet or star. For

example, Earth is a satellite because it orbits the sun. Likewise, the moon is a satellite because it orbits Earth. Usually, the word "satellite" refers to a machine that is launched into space and moves around Earth or another body in space.

• Name some uses for satellites?

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

What Satellites do for us in every day life• Navigation

o GPSo GLONASS (GLObal NAvigation

Satellite System)o BeiDouo Galileoo IRNSS (only covers Indian continent)

• Earth observationo Environmental monitoring

Polar Ice caps Floods Sea temperatures

o Mapping (Google Maps)o Weather forecasting

• Communicationo Voice and Internet

• Television and radio Broadcasting

• Military• Space observation

o Hubble telescope

• Scientific o The International Space Station

• Time keepingo Banking and stock exchange

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Types of Satellites

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Where are they in Space?

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

How they get there?

• Launchers (Rockets)o Ariena (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5P_8PNKsrE) o Proton (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqW0LEcTAYg) o SpaceX (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PHkgSEX11o)

• Risky part of a satellite life.o In 2015 eighty-six launches and five failures. (5.8% failure rate)o 2 to 3 years to design new satellite o 1.5 to 2 years to build the satellite

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5P_8PNKsrE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5P_8PNKsrE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqW0LEcTAYg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqW0LEcTAYg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PHkgSEX11o

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

UAE Space SectorDid you know about the mission to MARS?

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

RolesWhat Does The UAE Space Agency Do?

• Space Mission Management• Plan and manage missions to Space such as the

upcoming Mars Mission commemorating the UAE 50th Anniversary in 2021.

• Policy, Law and Regulation

• Partnerships• Strategic partnerships around the world eg. With

NASA

• Education and Outreach• Educating the UAE on space and related sciences

and creating good scientists (lectures, competitions, Space School etc)

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Competitions

Rocket Design Competition Launched by

Mohammed bin Rashid

Genes in Space Competitionin conjunction with

Boeing and NationalNewspaper

Virtual House on MarsCompetition

UAE Mars Balloon will provideuniversities and schools with theopportunity to participate in aStratospheric experimentopportunity in 2017.

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Satellites that are really useful to sailing

• Navigation (GPS)• Communication

o Internet and Voice

• Safety• Tracking• Weather forecasts

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

NavigationGlobal Positioning System (US System)

• Three parts to the systemo Earth stationso Satellites (around about 30 in orbit at any one time)

24 required to be active to give global coverage.o Receiver (Your satnav in car or GPS plotter on a boat)

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

NavigationTriangulation

• Triangulationo The method of finding your

position in 2D for normal map

o Can you find the Aerials o Can you find the church

with a tower o Can you find the windmill

N

A B C D E

1

3

4

2

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Navigation2D Trilateration

• Trilaterationo Another method of finding

your position in 2D for normal map

o This time instead of using the bearing to the landmarks we use distance.

o The aerials at are 3km from you

o The church with a tower is 3.5km from you.

o The windmill is 2.5km from you

X

X3km

2.5km

3.5km

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Navigation3D Trilateration

• One satelliteo Position anywhere on the surface of the

sphere

• Two satelliteso Position is anywhere on circle that the

two spheres intersect.

• Three satelliteso Position is one of two locations where all

three spheres intersect the location nearest earth is selected.

• Four satelliteso Required to correct the timing in the

receiver

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

NavigationCalculating the distance to the satellite• Timing onboard the satellites done by very accurate atomic clocks.• Timing on receiver not very accurate so needs correction from

satellites.o But which one to choose?• Special code is generated by the

satellites and the receiver.

• All the signals arrive at different times

• Once the timing is corrected then each satellite tells the receiver how far away it is due to the time that it takes for the signal to reach it. It takes 4 satellites to help work out the

timings

GPS 1GPS 2GPS 3GPS 4

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

NavigationPotential Issues that stop you getting a GPS fix

• Large distance moved since last time GPS was switched on.o Almanac (Basically a list of the positions of all the satellites) has to be updated

for the new location. Can take 5 – 10 minutes

• Blockage to GPS antenna so that it can not see four satellites.• Solar storm (caused by the Sun) can cause black outs• Problems with the Satellites

o Happened recently (Feb 2016) when US GPS System was disrupted for a 12 hours due to issue with updating software.

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Communication

• One of the main usages of satellites after GPS in the maritime environment.

• Two main types voice and data.• Voice

o Circuit Switched (Like the phone in your house) or VoIP (Skype)o Key as long range emergency communication deviceo General usage.

• Datao Provides web, email, social media access just like your broadband

service at home.o Provides information on the weather, piracy and other safety notices,

harbor or marina details.

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Communication• Hands On Tests• Three types of equipment

o XT Pro Satellite phoneo Satsleeve makes your smart phone a Satellite phoneo IP+ a broadband satellite terminal with WiFi connection.

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Hands OnGroup One and Two• Group One

o Make a call between the two satellite phones.o Make a note of anything that you noticed that was different to a normal mobile

phone Time for the signal to reach the other person. Voice quality is as clear as normal phone What happens if you point the aerial away from the satellite

• Group Twoo Make a call between satellite phone and mobile phone and then the other way

round.o Make a note of anything that you noticed that was different to a normal mobile

phone Time for the signal to reach the other person. Voice quality is as clear as normal phone What happens if you point the aerial away from the satellite

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Hands OnGroup 3

• Using the IP+ Thuraya Broadband terminal• Align the device to the satellite by pointing it using the compass and sprite

levelo More info on next slide

• Connect to the Wifi of the device password “Murray12”• Open web page see how long it takes to load• Use speed checker app to measure speed.

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Hands OnSatellite Position

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Delay in voiceHow the math's you learned in school helps

• Distance to the satellite = 36,615kmo = 36,615,000m

• Speed of light = 3 x 10 m/s o Which is a 3 with eight zeros after ito 300,000,000 m/s

• Time for the signal to go to the satellite

• But the signal has to come back to the other phone so delay is 2 x 0.122s = 0.244s

D

S T

DistanceSpeed

36,615,000300,000,000 0.122s

8

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Delay in speech

When using satellite phone to the boats pause (stop talking for a second or two)

between sentences to allow the other person to reply.

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Safety

• Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS)o Uses satellite (Inmarsat C) and normal radio VHF and

HF transmissionso Provides automatic positioning reporting, search and

rescue coordination, Maritime Safety Information broadcasts and general communication

o Voluntary by recommended on recreational water craft

• Emergency position-indicating radio beacon (EPIRB)o Works by transmitting a coded message on a distress

frequency via Cospas-Sarsat global satellite system and earth stations to the nearest rescue centre most units have a GPS receiver to provide your location to the rescue services.

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Tracking• Satellite Automatic Identification System (http://

www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/home/centerx:55.3/centery:25.3/zoom:15)• Race Tracking• Provides:

• Location• Speed• Direction• Time of update• Course travelled

• Using the XT-Pro Satphone• Updates every 15mins

http://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/home/centerx:55.3/centery:25.3/zoom:15



Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Confi

dent

ial a

nd p

ropr

ieta

ry to

Thu

raya

Thuraya Telecommunications Company | www.thuraya.com

THANK YOU

http://www.thuraya.com/