Satellite Communications:Broadband for Everyone Everywhere

Biho

Earth

Orbits

Space

Historical MilestonesOctober 4, 1957 Sputnik Launch

Dawn of the Space AgeNational Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA)1958 Largest Satellite Ever Used

Washington to HawaiiTheory Proved but seriously ineffective1962 First Commercial Communications Satellite Launched

AT&T TelstarComsat Contract (Monopoly Buster)

Early Satellites Echo 1 and 2

Early Satellites AT&T Telstar

Satellite TheoryRF Theory (In a Nutshell)

Microwave Spectrums (C, X, Ku, Ka)Giant Repeater in the Sky

Pieces and PartsTranspondersPowerThrustersEarly IssuesSignal StrengthAmplificationTranslationLooping

Satellite Spectrum

Satellite Footprint

Spotbeams

Antenna Principles

AdvantagesREMOTE ACCESS!!!!!

No Terrestrial Lines AvailableWide Area Network (WAN) Local Area Network (LAN) ResourcesSecurity

IsolationTwo Layers (IP and MAC)Labor

Centralized with Dumb RemotesBrain Pool

Generic Transmit System

Basic Sat Link

Life of a Signal (Propagation)

DisadvantagesSpeed

DelayDistance 23k Miles awayRoundtrip 500ms (8x slower)BuffersBandwidth Limitation36 MHz transponderUtilization Spoofing

DisadvantagesReliability

Rain Fade (Refraction)Focal BounceHub and Remote (RX)Auto Power adjust, marginRF InterferenceFaulty EquipmentJammingPro-Active Monitoring

DisadvantagesCost

Bandwidth Lease vs. OwnHardwareCertifiedPoint of Responsibility vs. TerrestrialInstallationSpecialized TechsLicensing for TX Utilization

Access MethodsSingle Carrier per Channel (SCPC)

Frequency Division Multiple AccessDedicated BWUnused BWTransmit CarrierReceive Carrier

Access MethodsTime Division Multiple Access

Each Site Uses Entire BW for short periods of time called burstsApplication SpecificBandwidth On DemandReduces Needed BW

Access MethodsDemand Assignment Multiple Access (DAMA)

Control ChannelBandwidth on DemandTime Out on CircuitsTDMA control with FDMA Circuits

Access MethodsOther Access Methods

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)QualCommPaired Carrier Multiple Access (PCMA)ViaSatTheoryCoded transmission, isolates own signalShared BWSecure

Maritime Operations: Ship Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) - an integrated communications system using satellite and radio communications to ensure that no matter where a ship is in distress, aid can be dispatched.

Maritime Operations: Airplane ARINC/Connexion: High speed internet access now available on Transatlantic and Transpacific flights on Boeing aircrafts. Gulfstream private jets are using similar technologies. Services include HTTP/VoIP/Webcam.

Maritime Operations: AirplaneSATELLITE AIRCOM Broadcast Service allows passengers to view up to date information such as news, weather, financial reports and sport via on-board in-flight entertainment equipment (e.g. seat-back screens) (SATCOM).

Companies Developing TechnologyTeledesic Internet Sky-Network

Bill Gates is a primary investor30 satellites voice/video worldwide

Hughes Network Systems

DirecTV225 Channels to home televisionsDirectWayBroadband Internet Access for home/officesSpaceWayNext generation satellite technlogy direct access to SatelliteBroadband on Demand

Continued..GlobalStar

Started in 2000Sales and Rentals of Globalstar voice and data satellite phoneSeasonal Oil-rigs rentalsAvailable in 100 countries, and 6 continentsLive and Work in remote areasWildland Firefighters, utility companies, geologistsEmergency ServicesExtreme Sports

ContinuedViaSat

Advanced digital wireless and signal processing products for military and commercial marketsProducts include: UHF SATCOM DAMA modems, radios, network control systems and training terminals pioneer more efficient, economical ground systems for new Ka-band broadband-by-satellite

Real-world Satellite UsageViaSat with Lockhead Martin

Provide satellite communication equipment for a a coalition military network being installed in Iraq Using commercial satellites, provide voice, data and VOIP on a common network.Communication between Coalition forces1000 Telephone lines, fast Cable Modem like data speeds.

ContinuedUniSat Networks

ABC News - local affiliatesDeploy satellite production trucksReal-time coverageCommunication between central officeReal-time story editsAccess and connectivity remotelyEmail, mobile office

ConclusionSatellite technology is a fast growing industry with innovative ways to transfer data and voice over wireless connections.

Questions?