saqartvelos samociqulo eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba ... · 3 vaxtang guruli . saqartvelos...

3

vaxtang guruli

saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis avtokefaliis

gauqmeba

(1811-1814)

gamomcemloba `universali~

Tbilisi

2010

4

naSromSi gaSuqebulia saqarTvelos samociqulo marTlmadi-

debeli eklesiis istoriis erTi metad tragikuli periodi _ ru-

seTis saimperatoro karis brZola saqarTvelos eklesiis

TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis) gauqmebisaTvis. gamokvlevis

pirveli nawili eZRvneba mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqos, xolo

meore _ lixTimereTisa da afxazTa sapatriarqos gauqmebis

istorias.

redaqtori profesori

avTandil wowkolauri

5

winasityva

1811 wlis 21 ivniss ruseTis marTlmadidebeli eklesiis

uwmidesma sinodma imperator aleqsandre I-s warudgina

`uqveSemrdomilesi moxseneba~. sinodi imperators mcxeTis uZve-

lesi sapatriarqo taxtisa da uZvelesi samociqulo

marTlmadidebeli eklesiis TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis)

gauqmebis aucileblobasa da kanonierebas usabuTebda. qarTl-

kaxeTis yofili samefos teritoriaze arsebuli 13 eparqia or

eparqiad erTiandeboda da uwmidesi sinodis iurisdiqciaSi Se-

dioda. umaRlesi saeklesio ierarqi amieridan kaTolikos-

patriarqis nacvlad unda yofiliyo `mcxeTisa da qarTlis

mitropoliti, ruseTis egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~. saeklesio

krebis nacvlad, sasuliero saqmeebis marTva-gamgeobis mizniT,

unda Seqmniliyo sasuliero dikasteria.

1811 wlis 30 ivniss imperatorma aleqsandre I-ma daamtkica

uwmidesi sinodis moxseneba. 1810 wlis noemberSi, Tavisi nebis

sawinaaRmdegod, peterburgSi ga- wveuli kaTolikos-patriarqi

anton II samSobloSi veRar dabrunda, ruseTSive gardaicvala.

ruseTis saimperatoro karis politika, romlis mizani iyo

qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebis, qveynis okupaciisa da aneqsiis

Semdeg eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba, mravalmxrivaa

sayuradRebo. Gven SevecadeT ruseTisaTvis es samarcxvino

istoria ZiriTadad imperiis saxelmwifo organoebSi

(saqarTvelos mTavarsardlis, saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavrobis,

ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis) saqmis warmoebis dros

Seqmnil dokumentebze dayrdnobiT gagveSuqebina. xsenebul ofi-

6

cialur dokumentebs imdenad didi mamxilebeli Zala aqvs, rom

vrcel komentars ar saWiroebs.

winamdebare naSromze muSaobisas GvenTvis upirveles wyaros

warmoadgenda `kavkasiis arqeografiuli komisiis aqtebSi~

dabeWdili dokumentebi da masalebi (Акты, собранные Кавказскою

Археографическою Коммиссиею. Под редакциею Ад. Берже. Том I. Тифлис,

1866; Том II. Тифлис, 1868; Том III. Тифлис, 1869; Том IV. Тифлис, 1870;

Том V. Тифлис, 1873). sadReisod esaa dokumentebisa da masalebis

yvelaze mniSvnelovani publikacia. istoriografiuli memkvid-

reobidan aRsaniSnavia episkopos kirionis (saZagliSvilis)

naSromi, romelic saqarTvelos eklesiisa da saegzarqosos

istorias eZRvneba (Епископ Кирион. Краткий очерк истории

Грузинской церкви и экзархата за XIX столетие. Тифлис, 1901). 1905 wels

peterburgSi rusul enaze gamoqveynda dekanoz v. Jmakinis

sayuradRebo naSromi, romelic bevr saintereso cnobas Seicavs

(Прот. В. Жмакин. Грузинский Католикос Антон II в России. _ Хрис-

тианское чтение. Ежемесячный журнал издаваемый при С.-Петербургской

Духовной Академии. 1905, част. I, Т. ССXIX). gansakuTrebuli

madlierebiT minda movixsenio mitropoliti anania jafariZe,

romelmac didi Rvawli dasdo GCvenTvis saintereso periodis

Seswavlas (mitropoliti anania jafariZe. saqarTvelos saeklesio

krebebi. wigni I. sakanonmdeblo krebebi XII-XX ss. Tbilisi, 2003;

mitropoliti anania jafariZe. saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis

istoria. Tbilisi, 2009). sagangebod unda aRvniSnoT profesor

eldar bubulaSvilis Rvawli, romlis naSromi `saqarTvelos

kaTolikos-patriarqi anton meore” dRemde erTaderTi

monografiuli gamokvlevaa, romelic anton II-is moRvaweobas

7

eZRvneba (eldar bubulaSvili. saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi

anton meore. Tbilisi, 2002).

8

Tavi I

mcxeTis sapatriarqos

TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis) gauqmeba

1. eklesiis sakiTxi qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da

ruseTis imperiis urTierTobaSi

(1771-1800 ww.)

eklesiaTa urTierTobis sakiTxi qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da

ruseTis imperias Soris georgievskis traqtatis (1783 w.) dadebis

wina xanebSi daisva. am periodisaTvis (XVIII saukunis 70-80-iani

wlebi) qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da ruseTis imperiaSi

gansxvavebuli saeklesio wyoba arsebobda. qarTl-kaxeTis

samefoSi umaRlesi saeklesio ierarqi iyo uwmidesi da unetaresi,

kaTolikos-patriarqi anton I. anton I iyo mcxeTis uZvelesi sa-

patriarqo taxtis mpyrobeli, samociqulo marTlmadidebeli,

avtokefaluri eklesiis saWeTmpyrobeli. kaTolikos-patriarqTan

erTad eklesiis marTva-gamgeobaSi did rols asrulebda

saeklesio kreba, romelsac periodulad iwvevdnen

umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxebis gadasawyvetad.

sul sxvagvarad iyo mowyobili ruseTis eklesia. 1700 wlidan

ruseTs aRar hyolia umaRlesi saeklesio ierarqi _ moskovisa da

sruliad ruseTis patriarqi. 1721 wlidan ruseTis eklesias

ganagebda uwmidesi sinodi. sinodis wevrebi sasuliero pirebi

(mitropolitebi, arqiepiskoposebi, episkoposebi) iyvnen, magram

sinodis ober-prokurori (Tavmjdomare) saero piri iyo. uwmidesi

sinodis wevrebsa da ober-prokurors imperatori niSnavda da

9

aTavisuflebda. uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors mniSvnelovani

funqcia ar hqonia dakisrebuli. igi sinodis sxdomebs

Tavmjdomareobda da miRebul gadawyvetilebas moaxsenebda

imperators. sinodis ober-prokuroris wardginebis Semdeg yvela

mniSvnelovan gadawyvetilebas imperatori iRebda da gamoscemda

Sesabamis brZanebas (gankargulebas). imperators SeeZlo, yurad ar

eRo sinodis gadawyvetileba. ruseTSi de faqto da de iure

imperatori iTavsebda umaRlesi saeklesio ierarqis funqcias.

saeklesio wyobaSi principuli gansxvaveba arTulebda

saeklesio sferoSi qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da ruseTis imperiis

urTierTobas.

1771 wlis dekembris miwurulsa da 1772 wlis ianvris damdegs

erekle II-m SeimuSava is pirobebi, romlis mixedviTac qarTl-

kaxeTis samefo ruseTis imperiis mfar- velobaSi miRebas

iTxovda. 1771 wlis 30 dekembers erekle II-m xeli moawera

mfarvelobiTi xelSekrulebis proeqts. samefo xelisuflebis

`ucvaleblad~ SenarGunebasTan erTad mefe iTxovda: `msgavsadve

kaTolikozica wessave Tvissa egos mouSlelad~ (valerian

maWaraZe. georgievskis traqtati. Tbilisi, 1983, gv. 59).

1782 wlis bolosa da 1783 wlis damdegs ekaterine II-m azri

gamoTqva qarTl-kaxeTis samefosTan dasadebi mfarvelobiTi

xelSekrulebebis pirobebis Taobaze. eklesiebis urTierTobis

principebs ekaterine II ar Sexebia, magram am sakiTxs Seexo

imperatoris favoriti aleqsandre bezborodko. misi azriT,

qarTl-kaxeTis samefos eparqiebis mmarTveli ierarqebi unda da-

qvemdebarebodnen ruseTis eklesiis uwmides sinods, xolo kaTo-

likos-patriarqi unda gamxdariyo uwmidesi sinodis wevri

(valerian maWaraZe. georgievskis traqtati. Tbilisi, 1983, gv. 65).

10

georgievskis traqtatis (1783 wlis 24 ivlisi) merve muxlis

ZaliT kaTolikos-patriarqi anton I xdeboda ruseTis eklesiis

uwmidesi sinodis wevri da sinodSi ikavebda merve adgils

tobolskis arqiepiskoposis Semdeg (valerian maWaraZe.

georgievskis traqtati. Tbilisi, 1983, gv. 69). georgievskis

traqtatis merve muxli laxavda mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo

taxtis mpyrobelis, samociqulo avtokefaluri eklesiis saWeT-

mpyrobelis, kaTolikos-patriarqis anton I-is Rirsebas, kerZod,

ruseTis eklesiaSi da, cxadia, uwmides sinodSi, ar iyo anton I-is

rangis saeklesio ierarqi, aseTi ierarqi ruseTs 1770 wlidan

saerTod ar hyolia. sinodis wevroba anton I-Tvis niSnavda mis

wevrebTan (mitropolitebTan, arqiepiskoposebTan, episkoposebTan)

gaTanabrebas. ufro metic, sinodSi kaTolikos-patriarq anton I-

ze didi pativiT sargeblobda Svidi mRvdelmTavari (mitro-

politi, arqiepiskoposi, episkoposi).

georgievskis traqtati (1783 w.) ar auqmebda qarTl-kaxeTis

samefos, iseve rogorc traqtatis merve muxli ar auqmebda

mcxeTis sapatriarqo taxts da uZveles samociqulo eklesiis

TviTmwyemsobas (avtokefalias). ruseTis saimperatoro kari

iwyebda qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da eklesiis avtokefaliis

gauqmebisaTvis gegmazomier moqmedebas (mitropoliti anania

jafariZe. saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria. Tbilisi,

2009, gv. 1091). mcxeTis sapatriarqo taxtisa da avtokefaliis

gauqmebisaTvis xelsayreli pirobebi Seiqmna 1801 wels qarTl-

kaxeTis samefos gauqmebiTa da misi ruseTTan SeerTebiT (Епископ

Кирион. Краткий очерк истории Грузинской церкви и экзархата за XIX

столетие. Тифлис, 1901, стр. 18.).

11

2. mcxeTis sapatriarqos gauqmebis momzadeba

(1801-1809 ww.)

1801 wlis 18 ianvars peterburgSi gamoqveynda imperator pavle

I-is manifesti qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebis da misi ruseTTan

SeerTebis Taobaze (manifestSi `qarTl-kaxeTis samefos~ nacvlad

vxvdebiT: `царство Грузинское~ da `Грузия~). manifestSi aRniSnuli

iyo, rom qarTl-kaxeTis samefo samudamod uerTdeboda ruseTis

imperias (Акты, собранные Кавказскою Археографическою Коммиссиею.

Том I. Тифлис, 1866, стр. 94). manifestSi araferi iyo naTqvami

kaTolikos-patriarqsa da eklesiaze.

manifestis gamoqveynebidan erTi Tvis Semdeg general-

leitenantma karl knoringma, imperator pavle I-is nebis Tanaxmad,

werili gaugzavna kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s. 1801 wlis

TebervlisaTvis karl knoringi Tanamdebobrivad qarTl-kaxeTTan

aranairad ar iyo dakavSirebuli. igi qarTl-kaxeTis general-

gubernatorad mxolod 1801 wlis 11 marts dainiSna. miuxedavad

amisa, rusi generali Tavs gauqmebuli qarTl-kaxeTis samefos, aw

ukve ruseTis imperiis guberniis, baton-patronad Tvlida.

karl knoringi anton II-s sTxovda epasuxa Semdeg kiTxvebze:

1. ramdeni eparqia iyo qarTl-kaxeTis samefoSi, vin iyvnen

eparqiis mmarTveli ierarqebi, romel sasuliero xelisufals

emorGilebodnen eparqiis mmarTveli ierarqebi da rogor

damokidebulebaSi iyvnen isini samefo xelisuflebasTan?

12

2. ramdeni mamaTa da dedaTa monasteri, sakaTedro taZari da

samrevlo eklesia iyo TiToeul eparqiaSi, ramdeni RvTismsaxuri

iyo eparqiaSi da saidan iRebdnen isini sarGos?

3. saeklesio ierarqebi rogor ganagebdnen monastrebsa da

eklesiebs; arsebobda Tu ara eparqiebSi raime organo: dikasteria,

sasuliero mmarTveloba da sxv., rogori iyo am organoebis

Semadgenloba; kancelariis moxeleebi sasuliero pirebi iyvnen

Tu saeroni, saidan iRebdnen isini sarCos?

4. sasuliero pirebis monawileobiT samoqalaqo saqmeebi sad

ixileboda: saeklesio Tu saero sasamarTloSi?

5. rogor xdeboda sasuliero wodebis miniWeba; sasuliero

pirs irGevda mrevli Tu mas sasuliero xelisufali niSnavda?

6. arsebobda Tu ara eparqiebSi sasuliero wodebisaTvis

saswavleblebi, ras aswavlidnen am saswavleblebSi da vis

xarjze arsebobdnen isini?

7. zemoxsenebulis garda, qarTveli samRvdeloebis mdgo-

mareobis gaumjobesebisaTvis kidev raimes garkveva xom ar iyo

aucilebeli? (Акты, I, стр. 529; eldar bubulaSvili. saqarTvelos

kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II. Tbilisi, 2002, gv. 16-17).

general-leitenant karl knoringis werilSi yoveli kiTxva

naTlad da gasagebad iyo Gamoyalibebuli. miuxedavad amisa,

rogorc arqimandriti nikandri aRniSnavda, kaTolikos-patriarqi

anton II pasuxis gacemas ar Gqarobda (Архимандрит Никандр. Об

Автокефальности грузинской церкви и церковкой жизни в Грузии при

католикосах. – Прибавление в „Духовному вестнику Грузинскаго экзархата“,

1905, №№13-14, 1-15 июля, стр. 66). cxadia, rusma arqimandritma

kargad uwyoda, Tu ratom agvianebda pasuxs anton II. kaTolikos-

patriarqi grZnobda, rom peterburgSi sruliad garkveuli mizniT

dainteresdnen qarTl-kaxeTis eklesiis mdgomareobiT. pavle I-is

13

1801 wlis 18 ianvris manifesti georgievskis traqtatis (1783 w.)

uxeSi darRvevis mauwyebeli iyo. pavle I-ma fexqveS gaTela

qarTl-kaxeTis samefo saxlis ufleba, arad Gaagdo misi

winamorbedi imperatoris, dedis, ekaterine II-is mier

ratificirebuli traqtati. yovelive es anton II-s srul uflebas

aZlevda efiqra: ruseTis saimperatoro kari verc kaTolikos-

patriarqis xelisuflebas moiTmenda da mcxeTis uZveles

sapatriarqo taxtsac, uZveles samociqulo eklesiis

avtokefaliasac gaauqmebda. Zalze saeWvo iyo ruseTis

saimperatoro karis daintereseba iseTi sakiTxebiT, romelic

mxolod anton II-is iurisdiqciaSi Sedioda. qarTveli

samRvdeloebis bedze zrunviT rom ruseTi raRac

avismomaswaveblis SeniRbvas cdilobda, es eWvs ar iwvevda.

kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II bolos iZulebuli gaxda,

pasuxi gaeca rusi generlis mier dasmul kiTxvebze. anton II-is

mier gagzavnili werilis dedani jerjerobiT mikvleuli ar aris.

Gvenamde moRweuli werilis rusul Targmans TariRi ar uzis

(Акты, I, стр. 529-530). dadgenili ar aris, Tu ramden xans daagviana

anton II-m sapasuxo werilis gagzavna, magram, unda vivaraudoT,

rom 1801 wlis 12 seqtembris manifestis Semdeg pasuxs didxans

veRar daayovnebda. yovel SemTxvevaSi 1801 wlis oqtombrisaTvis

anton II-is pasuxi peterburgSi ukve miRebuli unda hqonodaT

(Акты, I, стр. 535).

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is werili Zalze kargadaa

Sedgenili. anton II, cxadia, grZnobda, rom ruseTis saimperatoro

kari mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo taxtisa da uZvelesi

samociqulo eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebas apirebda. amitom

iyo, rom werili Semdegnairad iwyeboda: `berZenTa mefis

konstantine didis dros saqarTveloSi movida wmida nino,

14

romelmac uflis SewevniT daamxo warmarToba da

marTlmadideblobaze moaqcia mefe miriani da qarTveli xalxi~

(Акты, I, стр. 529-530). anton II aRniSnavs, rom mefe mirianis Txov-

nis safuZvelze imperatorma konstantine didma saqarTveloSi

gamogzavna antioqiis patriarqi evstaTi, romelmac monaTla mefe

da qarTveli xalxi, akurTxa eklesia (Акты, I, стр. 530). anton II

werilSi sagangebod usvamda xazs imas, rom mefe vaxtang

gorgasalma mcxeTaSi cxovelmyofeli svetis adgilze aago

eklesia, daniSna kaTolikos-patriarqi, romelic iwodeboda

`uwmidesad~. anton II werda, rom bizantiis imperatorebi da

msoflio saeklesio krebebi cnobdnen saqarTvelos eklesiis

`TviTmwyemsobas~ da sapatriarqo Rirsebas. cxadia, sruliad

garkveul mizans isaxavda anton II, rodesac werilSi sagangebod

aRniSnavda: „и по сие время патриаршество сие есть самовласное“ (Акты,

I, стр. 530).

am Sesavlis Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II pasuxobs

karl knoringis mier dasmul kiTxvebs:

1. qarTlSi saeklesio ierarqebi iyvnen _ mitropolitebi:

Tbileli, samTavroeli, ruiseli, wilkneli; mTavarepiskoposi:

mangleli; episkoposebi: urbneli, samTavneli, niqozeli. kaxeTSi

_ mitropolitebi: alaverdeli (eparqias piradad anton II

ganagebda), bodbeli, ninowmindeli; mTavarepiskoposi: rusTveli;

episkoposebi: nekreseli, xarWaSneli.

2. eparqiebis mmarTveli ierarqebi gamorGeuli da daniSnuli

iyvnen mefisa da kaTolikos-patriarqis mier.

3. qarTlSi mamaTa Semdegi monastrebi iyo (monastrebis

saxelwodebas moviyvanT ise, rogorc `aqtebSia~ dabeWdili):

„Пещерский“, „Похвалы Божией Матери“, „Икортский“, „Ананурский“,

„Креста“, „Пустынный Мгвимский“, „Ларгвисский“, „Хобский“,

15

„Улумбский“, „Гетсиманий“, „Тирский“. kaxeTSi mamaTa monastrebi

iyo: „Давид Гареджский“, „Предтеченский“, „Средигорный (Шуамтинс-

кий)“, „Бочормский“, „Святаго Саввы“, „Хирсский“, „Спаса“,

„Предтеченский“. monastrebs ganagebdnen arqimandritebi. dedaTa

monastrebi qarTlsa da kaxeTSi aRar arsebobdnen.

4. mRvdelmTavrebi (mitropolitebi, mTavarepiskoposebi,

episkoposebi), monastrebi da arqimandritebi sarGos iReben

saeklesio glexebis mier gaRebuli gadasaxadidan da saeklesio

mamulebidan rangis Sesabamisad. samrevlo eklesiebis

RvTismsaxurebi sarGos iReben mrevlidan da piradi SromiT.

5. eklesiaSi Tanamdebobebs ikaveben memkvidreobiT, piradi

RirsebiT da arGeviT.

6. qarTl-kaxeTSi dikasteria an sxva raime organo, sa-

patriarqo saxlis garda, ar arsebobda. eparqiebs ganagebdnen

piradad mRvdelmTavrebi (mitropolitebi, mTavarepiskoposebi,

episkoposebi) samRvdeloebasTan erTad, gansakuTrebul

SemTxvevaSi mimarTavdnen sapatriarqos.

7. qarTlisa da kaxeTis yvela eparqiaSi samRvdeloebis

Svilebs aswavlian wera-kiTxvas TavianTi ojaxebis xarjze. mefe

erekle II-is dros Tbilissa da TelavSi arsebobda seminariebi,

sadac aswavlidnen gramatikas, ritorikas, filosofias,

RvTismetyvelebas. seminariebs inaxavda mefe (Акты, I, стр. 530).

anton II-is werilisa da, cxadia, sxva informaciis miRebis

Semdeg peterburgSi SeudgeniaT dokumenti saTauriT „Наличный

состав Грузинскаго Патриархата“. dokumenti Semdegi Sinaarsisaa:

1. qarTl-kaxeTis eklesias ganagebs kaTolikos-patriarqi,

uwmidesi da unetaresi, mefe erekle II-is Ze anton II.

2. sapatriarqo kaTedra mcxeTaSia. taZari aSenebulia

saswaulmoqmedi svetis adgilas.

16

3. qarTlSi kaTolikos-patriarqs ekuTvnis 88 sofeli, kaxeTSi

_ 58. qarTlSi 6 monasteria, kaxeTSi _ 5. kaTolikos-patriarqis

gamgeblobaSia: kaxeTSi _ alaverdis eklesia, qarTlSi _

samTavros eparqia.

4. qarTlSi saeklesio ierarqebi arian: a) Tbileli

mitropoliti arseni, romlis samwysoSi, garda Tbilisisa, Sedis

18 sofeli. samwysos teritoriaze mamulebi aqvT 3 Tavadsa da 4

aznaurs; b) ruiseli mitropoliti iustine, romlis samwysoSi

Sedis 46 sofeli 21 TavadiTa da 95 aznauriT; g) wilkneli

mitropoliti ioane, romlis samwysoSi Sedis 46 sofeli, aseve

moxeveebi, mTiulebi, gudamayrelebi, xandosxevelebi, WarTlelebi.

samwysos teritoriaze 14 aznauri saxlobs; d) urbneli mitro-

politi iuli, romlis samwysoSi Sedis 20 sofeli 5 TavadiTa da

8 aznauriT; e) samTavneli episkoposi gervasi, romlis samwysoSi

Sedis 17 sofeli 1 TavadiTa da 8 aznauriT; v) niqozeli

episkoposi aTanase, romlis samwysoSi Sedis 8 sofeli.

5. kaxeTSi saeklesio ierarqebi arian: a) bodbeli mit-

ropoliti ioane, romlis samwysoSi Sedis 31 sofeli 28 TavadiT;

b) ninowmindeli mitropoliti mixeili, romlis samwyoSi Sedis 30

sofeli 1 TavadiT; g) rusTveli mTavarepiskoposi stefane,

romlis samwyoSi Sedis 8 sofeli 1 TavadiT; d) nekreseli

mitropoliti ambrosi, romlis samwyoSi Sedis 14 sofeli 5

TavadiT (Акты, I, стр. 531).

1801 wlis 12 seqtembers moskovSi myofma imperatorma

aleqsandre I-ma xeli moawera umaRles manifests qarTl-kaxeTis

samefos gauqmebisa da misi ruseTis imperiasTan SeerTebis

Taobaze (Акты, I, стр. 132-133) (manifestSi, iseve rogorc sxva

oficialur dokumentebSi, `qarTl-kaxeTis samefos~ nacvlad

gvxvdeba „царство Грузинское“ da „Грузия“). 1801 wlis 12 seqtembris

17

manifestSi araferi iyo naTqvami kaTolikos-patriarqis, sapat-

riarqosa da eklesiis Taobaze. manifesti iTvaliswinebda qarTl-

kaxeTis mosaxleobis daficebas ruseTis imperatoris

erTgulebaze. qarTveli samRvdeloeba swored am konteqstSia

moxseniebuli: `samRvdeloTa, viTarca mwyemsTa sulisa Tana,

pirvelad SvenisT micema magaliTisa~ (qarTuli samarTlis

Zeglebi. teqsti gamosca i. doliZem. tomi II. Tbilisi, 1965, gv.

558). 1801 wlis 12 seqtembersve aleqsandre I-ma xeli moawera kidev

ramdenime dokuments: 1) „Рескрипт от 12-го сентября 1801 года“, ro-

melic mieca „Нашему ген.-л., главнокомандующему в Грузии Кноррингу“

(Акты, I, стр. 133-136), 2) „Височаише утвержденное воззвание к

Грузинскому народу, в 12-й день сентября 1801 года“ (Акты, I, стр. 136-

137), 3) „Постановление внутренняго в Грузии управления, Высочайше

утвержденное в 12-й день сентября 1801 года“ (Акты, I, стр. 137-138),

4) „Объяснение исполнений Высочайшаго повеления, последовавшаго к

ген.-л. Кноррингу, об управлении Грузиею, в 12-й день сентября 1801 года“

(Акты, I, стр. 138-140). am oficialur dokumentebSi yvelgan `qarTl-

kaxeTis~ nacvlad gvxvdeba: „Грузия“.

1801 wlis 12 seqtembris dadgenilebiT yofili qarTl-kaxeTis

samefos Sinagani marTva-gamgeoba ase moewyo:

pirveli. yofili qarTl-kaxeTis samefos (aRmosavleT

saqarTvelos) teritoria daiyo 5 mazrad (sami mazra Seiqmna

qarTlSi, ori mazra _ kaxeTSi). es mazrebi iyo: goris, lores,

duSeTis, Telavis, siRnaRis.

meore. qarTl-kaxeTis marTva-gamgeobaSi Semdegi Tanamdebobebi

da organoebi iyo:

a) mTavarsardali (Главнокомандующий),

b) mmarTveli (Правитель),

18

g) saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavroba (Верховное Грузинское

Правительство), romlis adgilsamyofeli iyo TbilisSi.

saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavroba iyofoda oTx eqspediciad

(departamentad): 1) aRmasrulebeli, anu mmarTvelobisa, 2)

saxazino, anu ekonomiuri, 3) sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa, 4)

samoqalaqo saqmeTa. eqspediciebis (departamentebis) ufrosebi

rusi moxeleebi unda yofiliyvnen. eqspediciis ufrosebs

eyolebodaT qarTveli Tavadebidan 4 mrGeveli, anu mdivanbegi.

saqarTvelos mmarTveli (Правитель Грузии), eqspediciebis

ufrosebi da maTi mrGevlebi Seadgendnen `saqarTvelos

mTavrobas~ („Верховное Грузинское Правительство“) (Акты, I, стр. 137).

saqarTvelos pirveli mTavarsardlebi iyvnen: general-

leitenanti karl knoringi (1801-1803), general-leitenanti pavle

cicianovi (ciciSvili) (1802-1806), general-anSefi ivane gudoviGi

(1806-1809), general-leitenanti aleqsandre tormasovi (1809-1811),

general-leitenanti filip pauluGi (1811-1812), general-leitenanti

nikoloz rtiSGevi (1811-1816).

saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavroba TbilisSi funqcionirebas

Seudga 1802 wlis 8 maiss. saqarTvelos pirveli mmarTveli iyo

petre kovalenski.

1801 wlis 12 seqtembris manifestis Semdeg ruseTis saim-

peratoro kari ufro energiulad Seudga kaTolikos-patriarqis

anton II-is, sakaTalikososa da qarTveli samRvdeloebis

saqmeebSi Garevas. am TvalsazrisiT, gansakuTrebiT aqtiurobda

karl knoringis Semcvleli, saqarTvelos axali mTavarsardali

general-leitenanti, warmoSobiT qarTveli Tavadi, pavle

cicianovi (ciciSvili) (Ахимандрит Никандр. Об автокефальности

грузинской церкви и церковной жизни в Грузии при католикосах. –

19

Прибавление к „Духовному Вестнику Грузинскаго экзархата“, 1905, №№13-

14, 1-15 июля, стр. 67).

pavle cicianovi saqarTvelos mTavarsardlad 1802 wels

dainiSna, Tumca TbilisSi 1803 wlis 1 Tebervals Gamovida. axali

mTavarsardlis moTxovniT maleve iqna aRricxuli kaTolikos-

patriarq anton II-is wliuri Semosavali. anton II-s Semdegi

Semosavali hqonia: 1700 kodi xorbali, 225 sapalne Rvino, 2800

maneTi (Акты, собранные Кавказскою Археографическою Коммиссиею.

Том II. Тифлис, 1866, стр. 263).

TbilisSi Gamosul saqarTvelos mTavarsardal pavle

cicianovs saqarTvelos mmarTvelma petre kovalenskim warudgina

moxseneba 1803 wlis 27 ianvars momxdari incindentis Taobaze. 27

ianvars, samTavrosa da wilknis mTavarepiskopos ioanes

dakrZalvis dros, warmoiSva dava dekanoz solomonsa da

Tbilisis sionis taZris dekanoz (dokumentSi vinaoba araa

miTiTebuli – v. g.) Soris kaTolikos-patriarqis uwyebaSi

(sakaTalikoso saxlSi) Tanamdebobis dakavebasTan dakavSirebiT.

Tbileli mitropoliti arseni moiTxovda upiratesoba mie-

niWebinaT sionis taZris dekanozisaTvis. gawbilebulma dekanozma

solomonma, raki Tavisi ver gaitana, dakrZalva miatova.

dakrZalvidan dabrunebisas Tbilel mitropolit arsens da mis

TanmxlebT Tavs daesxnen SeiaraRebuli pirebi, daWres

mitropoliti da masTan myofi ramdenime RvTismsaxuri.

mitropolit arsenis azriT, Tavdamsxmelebi iyvnen dekanoz

solomonis Svilebi, kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-isa da orive

dedoflis (darejanisa da mariamis _ v. g.) msaxurebi (Акты, II,

стр. 263; eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 29-30).

pavle cicianovisaTvis TbilisSi Gamosvlis Semdeg qalaqis

komendants warudgenia moxseneba. moxsenebaSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom

20

SemTxvevis adgilas xmliT xelSi dauWriaT dekanoz solomonis

Svili, romelic patimrobaSi imyofeboda. pavle cicianovma

brZaneba gasca Ziebis dawyebis Taobaze, raTa daedginaT

dapatimrebulis Tanamzraxvelebi da kanonis Sesabamisad

daesajaT isini. yovelive amis Taobaze pavle cicianovma 1803

wlis 10 Tebervals sagangebo weriliT saqmis kursSi Gaayena ka-

Tolikos-patriarqi anton II (Акты, II, стр. 263-264).

mTavarepiskopos ioanes dakrZalvis dRes momxdari incindenti

ufro sxva mxrivaa yuradsaRebi. Tbileli mitropoliti arseni

bagrationTa muxranul Stos ekuTvnoda. rogorc profesori

eldar bubulaSvili aRniSnavs, Tbileli mitropoliti arseni

`warmoSobiT bagrationi iyo, Tumca igi nadibaiZis gvars

atarebda. arseni iyo vaxtang meeqvsis Zmis ieses ukanono Svilis

abdula-begis (arGilis) Svili~ (eldar bubulaSvili.

dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 28-29). igi opoziciaSi edga bag-

rationTa kaxeTis Stos erekle II-s, giorgi XII-s, daviT

batoniSvils da, cxadia, kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s (erekle

II-s Zes). pavle cicianovma yovelive es kargad uwyoda da

Tbileli mitropolitis Tavisi miznebisaTvis gamoyenebas

cdilobda. amitom iyo, rom generalma gansakuTrebuli yuradReba

dauTmo petre kovalenskis moxsenebas da incindentis gamoZiebas

Seudga. samagierod, pavle cicianovi yovelnairad cdilobda

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is SezRudvas. saqarTvelos mTa-

varsardali kaTolikos-patriarqTan urTierTobisas yovelTvis

cdilobda etiketi ar daerRvia, Tumca anton II-is samarTlian

moTxovnebs iSviaTad uwevda angariSs. saerTod pavle cicianovi

Tvlida, rom qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebamde kaTolikos-

patriarqi eklesias mefesTan erTad ganagebda, mefes

eTaTbireboda. radgan samefo xelisufleba ukve gauqmebuli iyo,

21

kaTalikos-patriarqs gadawyvetilebebi saqarTvelos mTavarsar-

dalTan, e. i. pavle cicianovTan SeTanxmebiT unda mieRo.

1802 wlis 16 noembers xanZris Sedegad daiwva Tbilisis sionis

sakaTedro taZris kuTvnili 10 savaWro duqani. xanZarma daaziana

taZaric. sionis taZari ZiriTadad am duqnebidan miRebuli

SemosavliT arsebobda. pavle cicianovma gamogonili mizeziT

anton II-s uari uTxra duqnebis aRdgenaze da, amdenad, sionis

taZari usaxsrod datova. generali kaTolikos-patriarqs

dahpirda, imperators vTxov, gverdiT mdebare daviT

batoniSvilis kuTvnili qarvasla uboZos sionis taZarso (Акты,

II, стр. 264). qarvaslis sionis taZrisaTvis gadacemis Txovna pavle

cicianovs marTlac rom gaegzavna peterburgSi, es saqme Zalian

didxans gaWianurdeboda, sionis taZars ki finansuri Semweoba

dauyovnebliv sWirdeboda _ aucilebeli iyo taZris restavracia.

taZari rom mZime mdgomareobaSi imyofeboda, pavle cicianovma

kargad uwyoda. miuxedavad amisa, generalma kaTolikos-patriarq

anton II-s oficialurad acnoba, rom sionis sakaTedro taZris

restavraciisaTvis saWiro 10.000 maneTi saqarTvelos

Semosavlebidan ver gamoiyofoda (Акты, II, стр. 264). mogvianebiT,

1803 wlis 4 maiss, pavle cicianovs peterburgidan acnobes, rom

sionis sakaTedro taZris restavraciisaTvis saWiro 10.000 maneTi

imperatoris 1803 wlis 29 aprilis brZanebiT gamoyofili iyo sa-

xelmwifo xazinidan (Акты, II, стр. 265; eldar bubulaSvili.

dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 26). es Tanxa taZris rekonstruqcias

moxmarda.

ruseTis saimperatoro karis miTiTebis Tanaxmad, pavle

cicianovi Seudga qarTlsa da kaxeTSi eparqiebis Semcirebas.

sawyis etapze mimdinareobda eparqiebis gaerTianeba. pavle

cicianovma gadawyvita wilknis eparqia gaeuqmebina, ufro zustad,

22

wilknisa da samTavisis eparqia gaeerTianebina. kaTolikos-

patriarqi anton II win aRudga ori eparqiis gaerTianebas da

pavle cicianovis Tanxmobis gareSe wilknis eparqiis mmarTvel

ierarqad arqimandriti dosiTeozi daadgina. cxadia, arqimandriti

eparqiis mmarTvelad mxolod droebiT SeiZleboda yofiliyo,

maleve unda momxdariyo dosiTeozis episkoposad xeldasxma.

anton II-is gadawyvetilebam Zalze aRaSfoTa pavle cicianovi.

1803 wlis 2 aprils generalma werili gaugzavna kaTolikos-

patriarqs (Акты, II, стр. 264). marTalia, pavle cicianovi TiTqos

pativiscemas adasturebda kaTolikos-patriarqis mimarT, magram

amave dros aRSfoTebas ver malavda imis gamo, rom anton II-m

masTan SeuTanxmeblad arqimandriti dosiTeozi wilknis eparqiis

mmarTvelad daadgina. generals isic ki gamouZiebia, Tu visTan

imyofeboda dosiTeozi naTesaur kavSirSi (Акты, II, стр. 264).

aRSfoTebuli generali anton II-s Seaxsenebda, rom „священная есть

воля Е. И. В. (misi imperatorobiTi udidebulesobis _ v. g.) не

умножать в Грузии высоких в духовенстве званий“ (Акты, II, стр. 264). es

imas niSnavda, rom kaTolikos-patriarqs ukrZalavdnen

episkoposad, mTavarepiskoposad da mitropolitad xeldasxmas. da

bolos, pavle cicianovi anton II-s avalebda: imperatoris nebis

Tanaxmad, wilknis eparqia gaauqme da samTavisis eparqias

SeuerTeo. gaerTianebuli eparqiis mmarTvel episkoposad meufe

gervasi unda darGeniliyo (Акты, II, стр. 264).

anton II mZime mdgomareobaSi aRmoGnda. episkoposad, mTa-

varepiskoposad da mitropolitad xeldasxmis akrZalvis gamo,

eparqiis mmarTveli ierarqiis gardacvalebis SemTxvevaSi, eparqia

avtomaturad uqmdeboda (uerTdeboda sxva eparqias). 1803 wlis

aprilSi ninowmindelma mitropolitma mixeilma avadmyofobis

(mxedvelobis daqveiTebis) gamo gadadgoma iTxova. eparqiis axali

23

mmarTveli ierarqis dadgena (episkoposad xeldasxma) anton II-s

akrZaluli hqonda. 1803 wlis 26 aprils kaTolikos-patriarqma

anton II-m rusTvel mTavarepiskopos stefanes acnoba, rom

rusTavis eparqias uerTdeboda ninowmindis eparqia. amieridan

gaerTianebuli eparqiebis mmarTveli ierarqi stefane iwodeboda

ase: `mitropoliti ninowmindisa da mTavarepiskoposi rusTavisa~

(Акты, II, стр. 564-565).

pavle cicianovi uxeSad ereoda sapatriarqos finansur

saqmeebSi. 1804 wlis 18 Tebervals generalma weriliT mimarTa

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s. werilSi aRniSnulia, rom

sanTlis gayidvis Sedegad ruseTis eklesia mniSvnelovan

Semosavals iRebda. amieridan qarTlisa da kaxeTis eparqiebSi

sanTlis gayidvis Sedegad miRebuli Tanxa unda moxmareboda

eklesiebs (taZrebs) da ara samRvdeloebas (Акты, II, стр. 567).

pavle cicianovis gadawyvetileba, romelic, cxadia, peterburgSi

miRebuli gadawyvetilebis gamoZaxili iyo, SemTxveviTi ar yofi-

la. XIX saukunis damdegisaTvis qarTlisa da kaxeTis eklesiebisa

da monastrebis umravlesoba dauyovnebliv restavracias

saWiroebda. saxelmwifo xazinas saWiro saxsrebis gaReba ar

surda. amitom gadawyda, restavraciisaTvis aucilebeli Tanxa

TviT eklesiebs moeZiebinaT. Tu sanTlis gayidvis Sedegad

miRebuli Tanxa samRvdeloebas ar moxmardeboda da

restavraciisaTvis gadaideboda, cxadia, xazinas garkveuli

SeRavaTi miecemoda. samagierod mniSvnelovnad mcirdeboda

samRvdeloebis Semosavali. isedac mZime mdgomareobaSi myofi

qarTveli samRvdeloebisaTvis es didi dartyma iyo.

ruseTis saimperatoro kari qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebisa

da rusuli mmarTvelobis damyarebisTanave Seudga rogorc

samoqalaqo, ise saeklesio uwyebaSi Semosavlebis aRricxvas

24

gadasaxadebis dawesebis mizniT. kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II

cdilobda saeklesio Semosavlebis dacvas. amiT aRSfoTebuli

saqarTvelos mTavarsardali pavle cicianovi 1804 wlis 23 marts

umaRles xelisuflebas moaxsenebda: saqarTveloSi Gamosvlis

Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqs samjer gavugzavne formebi, romlis

mixedviTac unda GaetarebinaT saeklesio qonebis aRwera, magram

saWiro cnobebis mirebas ver mivaRwieo (Акты, II, стр. 267). pavle

cicianovma 1804 wlis 23 marts imperatorisaTvis gagzavnil moxse-

nebas Tan daurTo imave ricxviT daTariRebuli werilis asli,

romelic man kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s gaugzavna. pavle

cicianovi anton II-s werda: rva Tvis ganmavlobaSi ver mivaRwie

saeklesio qonebis aRweras, Tumca aRwerisaTvis saWiro formebi

gamogizavneTo. Semdeg generali TvalTmaqcobda da kaTolikos-

patriarqs ase mimarTavda: saeklesio qonebis aRweris dayovnebis

gamo ar mindoda Tavs dagtydomodaT imperatoris risxva, amito-

mac aqamde Tavs vikavebdi da imperatorisaTvis saqmis viTareba ar

momixsenebiao. pavle cicianovi anton II-s sayvedurobda:

mTavarepiskoposebi da episkoposebi yovelgvari wesis da rigis

dacvis gareSe axdenen mRvdlad xeldasxmas, xolo

arqimandritebi _ berad aRkvecas. yuradReba ar eqceva mRvdlad

xeldasxmulis an berad aRkvecilis asaks da wodebas; arad

agdeben memamulis uflebas. memamules ar ekiTxebian, Tanaxmaa Tu

ara igi, yma glexi gadavides sasuliero wodebaSi. pavle

cicianovis azriT, aseTi mdgomareoba qmnida imis safrTxes, rom

saqarTvelos erTi nawili iqceoda berul samyarod, xolo meore

nawili _ TeTri samRvdeloebis samyarod. generali TeTri da

Savi samRvdeloebis gamravlebaSi xedavda ara adamianebis

eklesiis wiaRisaken sulier swrafvas, aramed sasuliero

wodebaSi gadasvliT gadasaxadebisagan gaTavisuflebis

25

miswrafebas (Акты, II, стр. 568). pavle cicianovi TeTri da Savi

samRvdeloebis gamravlebaSi sxva safrTxesac xedavda. generali

yuradRebas amaxvilebda imaze, rom eklesiebi da monastrebi eko-

nomiurad cudad iyvnen uzrunvelyofilni, ekonomiuri

TvalsazrisiT arasaxarbielo mdgomareobaSi imyofeboda

samRvdeloeba. aseT viTarebaSi TeTri da Savi samRvdeloebis

ricxvis zrda kidev ufro gaauaresebda mdgomareobas. pavle

cicianovs aseTi magaliTi mohyavda: erT-erT eklesias Zalze

mcire Semosavali hqonda da amave dros eklesiis StatSi 14

mRvdeli iricxebodao (Акты, II, стр. 268).

pavle cicianovis damokidebuleba kaTolikos-patriarqisa da,

saerTod, qarTveli samRvdeloebisadmi kargad Gans misi

werilidan anton II-dmi, romelic 1804 wlis 25 martiT aris

daTariRebuli. 1804 wlis 18 marts anton II-s TxovniT miumarTavs

pavle cicianovisaTvis saeklesio galobis maswavleblis

arqimandrit gerasimes da misi ZmisaTvis xelfasis daniSvnis

Taobaze. arqimandriti gerasime Tavis droze mefe erekle II-s

gamouwvevia imereTidan da xelfassac mefe uxdida. pavle

cicianovma uari Tqva anton II-is Txovnis dakmayofilebaze (Акты,

II, стр. 268). generlis werilidan yuradRebas imsaxurebs erTi

adgili. xelfasis daniSvnaze uaris Tqmas pavle cicianovi imiTac

asabuTebda, rom saeklesio galobis maswavleblis moRvaweobas

saTanado Sedegi ar mohyoliao. igi pirdapir acxadebda:

eklesiebSi galobis nacvlad Txebis kikini ismiso (Акты, II, стр.

268). iqve generali anton II-s rGevas aZlevda: qarTuli saeklesio

galoba rusuli saeklesio galobiT SecvaleTo (Акты, II, стр.

268). qarTuli saeklesio galobis rusuliT Secvla, iseve

rogorc RvTismsaxurebis rusul enaze warmarTva, saqarTveloSi

ruseTis saeklesio politikis umTavres mimarTulebas

26

warmoadgenda. am politikis gatareba saqarTveloSi pavle

cicianovma daiwyo.

pavle cicianovis 1804 wlis 23 martis werilis miRebis Semdeg

muxranSi myofma kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m 1804 wlis 6

aprils weriliTve upasuxa generals. anton II pavle cicianovs

acnobebda, rom saeklesio qonebis aRwerisaTvis specialuri

formebi man ramdenime Tvis win daugzavna eparqiebis mmarTvel

ierarqebs. amasTan erTad, kaTolikos-patriarqi werda, rom man

eparqiis mmarTvel ierarqebs aukrZala rogorc vinmes berad

aRkveca, ise mRvdlad xeldasxma (Акты, II, стр. 568). saWiro

masalis ararsebobis gamo ar dgindeba, tardeboda Tu ara es

akrZalva cxovrebaSi.

anton II-is 1804 wlis 6 aprilis werili cxadad adasturebs,

rom kaTolikos-patriarqi iZulebuli gaxda pavle cicianovis

moTxovnisaTvis, Tu faqtobrivad ara, formalurad mainc

angariSi gaewia. Tumca generali aman sulac ar daakmayofila da

kvlav ganagrZo kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is Seviwroveba.

1804 wlis martSi gardaicvala ioane naTlismcemlis mo-

nastris winamZRvari arqimandriti eqvTime. anton II-m ninowmindisa

da rusTavis eparqiis mmarTvel mTavarepiskopos stefanes

wardginebiT monastris winamZRvrad daadgina arqimandriti

domenti (Акты, II, стр. 268). Seityo Tu ara momxdari, 1804 wlis 10

aprils pavle cicianovma anton II-s protestis werili gaugzavna.

generali werda: niqozis eparqiis mmarTvelma episkoposma aTana-

sem asakis gamo gadadgoma iTxova. amasTan erTad meufe stefanem

iTxova, Tu SesaZlebeli iqneboda, misi ioane naTlismcemlis

monastris winamZRvarad dadgena; Tu es ver moxerxdeboda, imave

monasterSi cxovrebis ufleba da wliur sarGod 120 maneTis

daniSvna (Акты, II, стр. 268). amis Semdeg pavle cicianovi anton II-

27

s avalebda: 1) mis mier ioane naTlismcemlis monastris

winamZRvrad dadgenili arqimandriti domenti gadaeyenebina,

monastris winamZRvrad daedgina meufe stefane da daeniSna mis-

Tvis sarGo 120 maneTi; winamZRvris moadgiled daedgina

arqimandriti domenti. 2) wilknis eparqia SeerTebina samTavisis

eparqiisaTvis. amasTan erTad generali kaTolikos-patriarqs

werda: Tu raime mizeziT is ar isurvebda meufe stefanes

monastris winamZRvrad dadgenas, maSin ecnobebina aseTi

gadawyvetilebis mizezi, raTa Tavis Tavad pavle cicianovs anton

II-is gadawyvetilebis Taobaze saqmis kursSi Gaeyenebina ruseTis

imperatori (Акты, II, стр. 269; eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli

naSromi, gv. 30-31).

qarTlisa da kaxeTis eklesiebSi RvTismsaxurebis qarTuli

enis nacvlad rusul enaze aRvlenis mizniT pavle cicianovma

ramdenime RonisZieba gaatara. amasTan erTad pavle cicianovi

imazec zrunavda, rom qarTlisa da kaxeTis eklesiebSi SemoeRoT

iseTi sakiTxavebi, romlebic ruseTis eklesiaSi ikiTxeboda. es

sakiTxavebi rusul enaze iyo dabeWdili da, cxadia, 1804

wlisaTvis saqarTvelos eklesiebSi rusul enaze kiTxvas azri ar

hqonda _ qarTveli mrevlis absoluturma umravlesobam rusuli

ena ar icoda. 1804 wlis 25 aprils generalma ruseTis eklesiis

uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre golicins weriliT

mimarTa. pavle cicianovi ober-prokurors sTxovda, uwmidesi

sinodis qarTvel wevrs, qsnis erisTavTa STamomavals,

arqiepiskopos varlams qarTulad eTargmna eklesiaSi sakiTxavebi:

1) didi saeklesio dResaswaulebis tabeli, 2) eklesiebSi ruseTis

imperatoris sagvareulos moxseniebis forma, 3) samadlobeli

locvebi, 4) locvebi ruseTis imperatoris taxtze asvlisa da

koronaciis dRes, 5) gardacvlili imperatorisaTvis panaSvidis

28

gadaxdisas sakiTxavebi. Targmnili literatura peterburgSi

unda dabeWdiliyo qarTul enaze, TiToeuli ara nakleb 200

egzemplarisa (Акты, II, стр. 269).

pavle cicianovi periodulad gaweuli muSaobis Taobaze

angariSs udgenda imperators. erT-erTi aseTi angariSi

dawerilia 1804 wlis 29 maiss. generali umaRles xelisuflebas

moaxsenebda Semdegs: 1) wilknis eparqia gauqmda da SeuerTda

samTavisis eparqias; 2) wilknis eparqiis mmarTveli episkoposi

asakis gamo gadadga da ioane naTlismcemlis monasterSi

cxovrobs. kaTolikos-patriarqma, Gemi Txovnis miuxedavad, wliur

sarGod 120 maneTis nacvlad dauniSna 60 maneTi, danarGen 60 ma-

neTs igi saqarTvelis Semosavlebidan (xazinidan) iRebs; 3)

mmarTveli episkoposebis nebayoflobiTi gadadgoma eparqiebis

Semcirebis saukuTeso formaa. am gziT qarTlSi 6 eparqiidan 3

ukve gauqmebulia; 4) eparqiebis erTbaSad gauqmeba saxifaToa

(Акты, II, стр. 269).

pavle cicianovis 1804 wlis 29 maisiT daTariRebul angariSs

peterburgSi gamoexmaurnen. 1804 wlis 9 seqtembers imperator

aleqsandre I-is favoritma, faruli komitetis wevrma viqtor

koGubeim pavle cicianovs werilobiT acnoba Semdegi: 1)

mowonebas imsaxurebda eparqiebis gauqmeba; 2) eparqiebis ricxvis

Semcireba kvlavac unda gagrZelebuliyo; 3) eparqiebis gauqmeba

unda momxdariyo umtkivneulod; 4) ioane naTlismcemlis monas-

terSi ganwesebuli meufe aTanasesaTvis saqarTvelos Se-

mosavlebidan wliurad 60 maneTis gamoyofas imperatori

daeTanxma (Акты, II, стр. 269-270).

saqarTvelos mTavarsardali generali pavle cicianovi, bevri

winaaRmdegobis miuxedavad, cdilobda bolomde mieyvana qarTlsa

da kaxeTSi saeklesio qonebis aRweris saqme. generali xSirad

29

kaTolikos-patriarqis gverdis avliTac moqmedebda da pirdapir

eparqiis mmarTvel ierarqebs avalebda aRweris Gatarebas.

1805 wlis 21 Tebervals bodbeli mitropoliti ioane pavle

cicianovs moaxsenebda: 1) nekresis eparqiis mflobelobaSia 80

komli glexi, romlebic emsaxurebian eklesias da muSaoben

eklesiis mamulSi; 2) 50 komli glexi nekresis eparqias uxdis

yovel komlze wliurad naxevar sapalne Rvinos da 10 kod

xorbals. garda amisa, 50 komli eklesias wliurad uxdis 60

vercxlis maneTs; 3) nekresis eparqias organ aqvs venaxi,

romelTagan erTi naklebadmsxmoiarea. orive venaxi iZleva 60

sapalne Rvinos; 4) xorblis yanebi nekresis eparqias ar gaaGnia.

glexebi valdebuli iyvnen, xorbali daeTesaT, magram uari Tqves.

eklesia xorbals yidulobs; 5) savaWroebidan nekresis eparqia

yovelwliurad iRebs 40 maneTs; 6) saeklesio glexebisagan

gadasaxadis (`drama~ da `saxuco~) saxiT nekresis eparqia

yovelwliurad iRebs 220 maneTs; 7) sadilis Jamnobis dadgenili

gadasaxadidan nekresis eparqias weliwadSi aqvs Semosavali 200

maneTis odenobiT (Акты, II, стр. 271). bodbeli mitropoliti ioane

pavle cicianovs calke moaxsenebda xarWaSnis eparqiis

Semosavlis Taobaze: 1) xarWaSnis eparqiaSi 30 komli saeklesio

glexia; 2) saeklesio glexebi eparqias, SeZlebisdagvarad,

gadasaxads uxdian xorbliT, RviniT ki vera; 3) xarWaSnis eparqias

aqvs venaxi, romelic iZleva 12 sapalne Rvinos; 4) xarWaSnis

eparqiaSi Sedis TianeTi da fSavi, saidanac gadasaxadebi mcire

raodenobiT Semodis. TianeTidan dramis gadasaxadi Seadgens we-

liwadSi 15 an 20 maneTs; 5) saZovriT sargeblobisaTvis xarWaSnis

eparqia gadasaxadis saxiT iRebs 20 cxvars (Акты, II, стр. 271).

xarWaSnis eparqiaze kidev ufro Raribi iyo niqozis eparqia.

30

1806 wels baqoSi RalatiT mokluli saqarTvelos mTa-

varsardlis general pavle cicianovis nacvlad mTavarsardlad

dainiSna general-anSefi ivane gudoviGi (1806-1809). am

periodisaTvis (1803-1804 ww.) imereTis samefo, samegrelosa da

guriis samTavroebi ukve ruseTis imperiis qveSevrdomobaSi iyvnen

Sesulni. mzaddeboda dasavleT saqarTvelos dapyroba. Tu 1806

wels dawyebuli ruseT-osmaleTis omi ruseTis gamarjvebiT das-

ruldeboda, ruseTis mier dasavleT saqarTvelos dapyrobas win

veraferi daudgeboda.

dasavleT saqarTvelo (imereTi, guria, samegrelo, afxazeTi,

svaneTi) lixTimereTisa da afxazTa kaTolikos-patriarqis

iurisdiqciaSi Sedioda. 1795 wels gardaicvala lixTimereTisa

da afxazeTis kaTolikos-patriarqi maqsime (abaSiZe). imereTSi

Seqmnili rTuli viTarebis gamo saeklesio krebis mowveva da

kaTolikos-patriarqis arGeva ver moxerxda. imereTis mefe

solomon II-m kaTolikos-patriarqis movaleobis Sesruleba

quTaTel mitropolit dosiTeozs daakisra.

1807 wlis 15 aprils ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-

prokurorma aleqsandre golicinma saqarTvelos mTavarsardal

general ivane gudoviGs sagangebo werili gaugzavna. werilis

Sinaarsi aseTia: imereTis mitropolitebisa da episkoposebis

krebam TxovniT mimarTa uwmides sinods, raTa am ukanasknels

imereTSi gaegzavna wmida mironi. imereTis mRvdelmTavrebi werd-

nen, rom winaT mirons konstantinepolis patriarqisgan iRebdnen,

magram bolo xanebSi, omianobisa da areulobis gamo (am dros

mimdinareobda ruseT-osmaleTis omis _ v. g.), konstantinepolSi

gamgzavreba SeuZlebeli gaxda (Акты, собранные Кавказскою

Археографическою Коммиссиею. Том III. Тифлис, 1869, стр. 76). sinodis

ober-prokurori aleqsandre golicini general ivane gudoviGs

31

acnobebda, rom uwmidesma sinodma moskovis sinodalur kantoras

daavala imereTSi gasagzavnad gamoeyo vedronaxevari mironi,

romelic moskovSi Gasul qarTvelebs unda GaetanaT Grdilo

kavkasiis qalaq mozdokSi. mozdokidan mironis imereTSi

gadatanaze general ivane gudoviGs unda ezruna (Акты, III, стр. 76).

imereTis mitropolitebisa da episkoposebis werilis dedani,

romelsac aleqsandre golicini ixsenebs, mikvleuli ar aris.

qarTuli wyaroebi ar adastureben lixTimereTisa da afxazTa

sapatriarqos mier mironis konstantinepolis sapatriarqodan

Gamotanis faqts. qarTuli saero da saeklesio istoriografia

miiGnevs, rom mironi lixTimereTisa da afxazTa sapatriarqos

mcxeTidan mihqonda.

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is yovelmxriv SeviwrovebasTan

erTad ruseTis saimperatoro kari anton II-is mowinaaRmdege

samRvdeloebis waxalisebis politikas atarebda. 1807 wlis 14

seqtembris brZanebiT, ruseTis imperatorma aleqsandre I-ma anton

II-is yvelaze cnobili mowinaaRmdege Tbileli mitropoliti

arseni briliantisjvriani TeTri bartyuliT daajildova (Акты,

III, стр. 77).

anton II-is mimarT ruseTis saimperatoro karis arakeTil-

ganwyobilebis damadasturebeli iyo imperator aleqsandre I-is

1807 wlis 12 oqtombris brZaneba. Tavis droze qarTl-kaxeTis

mefem giorgi XII-m ioane naTlismcemlis monastris kuTvnili

glexebi gadasaxadisagan gaaTavisufla. amasTan dakavSirebiT

aleqsandre I-ma ivane gudoviGs Semdegi Sinaarsis brZaneba

gamougzavna: 1) qarTveli mefeebis sigelebi monastrebis kuTvnili

glexebis gadasaxadisagan gaTavisuflebis Taobaze

Zaladakargulad GaiTvalos; 2) amieridan glexebma ioane naT-

32

lismcemlis monasters dadgenili wesiT gadauxadon gadasaxadi

(Акты, III, стр. 77).

3. mcxeTis sapatriarqos gauqmeba

(1809-1811 ww.)

ruseTis saeklesio politika saqarTveloSi rom mcxeTis

uZvelesi sapatriarqo taxtis da samociqulo eklesiis

avtokefaliis mospobas isaxavda miznad, Tavidanve naTeli iyo.

pirvel rigSi amas cxadad grZnobda kaTolikos-patriarqi anton

II. ruseTis saimperatoro kari pirvel xanebSi SeniRbulad

moqmedebda. 1809 wels saqarTvelos mTavarsardlad daniSnulma

generalma aleqsandre tormasovma ukve Riad daiwyo moqmedeba.

1809 wlis 6 ivniss aleqsandre tormasovma moxseneba gaugzavna

ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre

golicins. generali yovelgvari Sesavlis gareSe moxsenebis

dasawyisSive acxadebs: Gemi winamorbedebis (pavle cicianovisa da

ivane gudoviGis _ v. g.) mcdelobis miuxedavad, dResac ki

ucnobia, Tu ramdeni eklesia, an ramdeni RvTismsaxuria qarTl-

kaxeTSi (Акты, собранные Кавказскою Археографическою Коммиссиею.

Том IV. Тифлис, 1870, стр. 139). moxsenebaSi aleqsandre tormasovi

ayalibebs Tavis Sexedulebas eklesiaSi gasatarebeli reformebis

Taobaze:

1. ruseTis eklesiis msgavsad TbilisSi unda daarsdes

dikasteria, razec Tanxmoba ganacxada kaTolikos-patriarqma

anton II-m.

33

2. sasuliero mmarTvelobis axali organo _ dikasteria _

daamyarebs wesrigs eklesiaSi, bolos da bolos, gairkveva

eklesiebisa da RvTismsaxurebis ricxvi.

3. eparqiebSi mmarTvelma episkoposebma dikasteriis Tanxmobis

gareSe ver unda moaxdinon mRvdlad xeldasxma an berad aRkveca.

4. dikasteriis Seqmnamde kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m unda

akrZalos piradad misi da saero xelisuflebis (mTavarsardlis -

_ v. g.) nebarTvis gareSe mRvdlad xeldasxma da berad aRkveca.

5. mRvdlad xeldasxmisa da berad aRkvecis SezRudva

Seamcirebs RvTismsaxurebis ricxvs, romelic amJamad war-

moudgenlad didia _ erT eklesiaze sami-oTxi mRvdeli modis.

6. TbilisSi unda daarsdes sasuliero seminaria, sadac

iswavlian samRvdeloebis Svilebi, rac xels Seuwyobs

samRvdeloebis ganaTlebis donis amaRlebas (Акты, IV, стр. 139-140;

eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 34-35).

reformis zogadi mimarTulebis gansazRvris Semdeg

aleqsandre tormasovi ubrundeba TbilisSi sasuliero di-

kasteriis daarsebis sakiTxs da aRniSnavs: pirveli. qarTl-

kaxeTis samefo sagvareulos pativiscemis niSnad, romlis

warmomadgenelicaa aq yvelasagan pativcemuli kaTolikos-

patriarqi anton II, am ukanasknels mivandoT sasuliero

dikasteriis daarseba. anton II unda gaxdes sasuliero

dikasteriis pirveli prezidenti, xolo vice-prezidenti erT-erTi

gamorGeuli aqauri arqiepiskoposi. vice-prezidentma SemdegSi

unda daikavos prezidentis adgili, amitomac saqmisaTvis

umjobesia, Tu vice-prezidenti gaxdeba ruseTis eklesiis

uwmidesi sinodis wevri arqiepiskoposi varlami (qsnis erisTavTa

sagvareulo saxlidan _ v. g.), romelic ruseTSi moRvaweobs da

icis sasuliero dikasteriis moRvaweobis wesi da rigi. garda

34

prezidentisa da vice-prezidentisa, sasuliero dikasteriaSi unda

Sevides samRvdeloebidan arGeuli sami wevri da mdivani.

dikasterias unda hyavdes mTargmneli. dikasteriis mweralTa

ricxvi ganisazRvreba samuSaos moculobis mixedviT.

meore. sasuliero dikasterias sWirdeba Senoba (rezidencia)

da saxsrebi sxvadasxva saWiroebisaTvis. radgan jerjerobiT

daudgenelia aqauri eklesiebis Semosavali, sasuliero

dikasteriam unda miiRos erTdroulad dafinanseba _ 5000

vercxlis maneTi. sasuliero dikasteriisaTvis aucilebeli Tanxa

SemdgomSi gamoyofili iqna adgilobrivi saeklesio

Semosavlebidan.

mesame. kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II TbilisSi moRvaweobs,

TbilisSi arsebuli eklesiebis umravlesoba mis eparqias

ekuTvnis. sakuTriv, Tbilel mitropolits TbilisSi ekuTvnis 2

eklesia, xolo Tbilisis mazraSi _ 7. yvela es eklesia Zalze

Raribia. amis gamo anton II miiGnevs, rom Tbilisis eparqia unda

gauqmdes.

meoTxe. sasuliero dikasteriaSi unda iyos erTi wevri,

romelsac esmis saqmis warmoeba. swored amitom dikasteriis

wevri unda gaxdes Tbilisis keTilSobilTa saswavleblis

direqtori dekanozi aleqsi petriaSvili. aleqsi petriaSvilma

jer kidev 1803 wels miiRo sinodis Tanxmoba berad aRkvecisaTvis.

kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II-c Tanaxmaa misi berad aRkvecisa,

ris Semdegac igi ayvanili iqneba arqimandritis xarisxSi,

ganwesdeba Tbilisis sionis taZarSi da Gaibarebs Tbilisis epar-

qias. aleqsi petriaSvili wesrigs daamyarebs sasuliero di-

kasteriaSi da Tbilisis eparqiaSi (Акты, IV, стр. 140; eldar

bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 36-38).

35

aleqsandre tormasovis moxseneba mravalmxrivaa sayuradRebo.

ukve imaTaviTve cxadi iyo, rom sasuliero dikasteriis

prezidentad anton II-is daniSvna mimarTuli iyo kaTolikos-

patriarqis institutis dakninebisaken. eklesiis saTaveSi

aRmoGndeboda sasuliero dikasteria da misi prezidenti,

funqcias dakargavda kaTolikos-patriarqi da sapatriarqo. am

droisaTvis gadawyvetili iyo isic, rom anton II-s male ruseTSi

gaiwvevdnen da dikasteriis vice-prezidenti, rusofili

arqiepiskoposi varlami avtomaturad gaxdeboda sasuliero di-

kasteriis prezidenti. amis Sesaxeb cxadad mianiSnebda

aleqsandre tormasovi: „а под ним нужно иметь из первых архи-

епископов вице-президента, который бы мог после него заступить место

президента“ (Акты, IV, стр. 140).

anton II-is ruseTSi gawvevis Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqi da

misi xelisufleba de-faqto aRar iarsebebda, xolo misi

gardacvalebis Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqs saerTod aRar

airGevdnen, radgan mas funqciac aRar eqneboda _ eklesiis

marTva-gamgeoba sasuliero dikasteriisa da misi prezidentis

xelSi gadavidoda. aleqsandre tormasovi daJinebiT iTxovda

dekanoz aleqsi petriaSvilis aRzevebas da misTvis Tbilisis

eparqiis Gabarebas. es SemTxveviTi ar iyo. dekanozi aleqsi adre

ruseTSi msaxurobda, rusofili iyo da igi yovelmxriv Seu-

wyobda xels sapatriarqosa da kaTolikos-patriarqis

Ganacvlebas sasuliero dikasteriiT da dikasteriis pre-

zidentiT.

aleqsandre tormasovi energiulad Seudga TbilisSi

sasuliero dikasteriis daarsebis saqmes. 1809 wlis 15 ivniss man

weriliT mimarTa kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s. generali anton

II-s usabuTebda sasuliero dikasteriis daarsebis aucileblobas,

36

GamoTvlida axali sasuliero mmarTvelobis upiratesobas da

anton II-s sTxovda:

1. Seeqmna misTvis sasurvel RvTismsaxurTagan sasuliero

komisia, romelic daadgenda sapatriarqos daqvemdebarebaSi

arsebuli eklesiebisa da iq momsaxure samRvdeloebis ricxvs.

2. ukiduresi aucileblobis garda eparqiebis mmarTvelma

episkoposebma sasuliero dikasteriis Seqmnamde Tavi Seikavon

mRvdlad xeldasxmisagan da berad aRkvecisagan.

3. sasuliero dikasteriis Seqmnamde adgilobrivi saero

xelisuflebis nebarTvis gareSe xeldasxmuli sasuliero piris

xeldasxma ar GaiTvleba kanonierad (Акты, IV, стр. 141).

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tan dapirispirebulma Tbilelma

mitropolitma arsenma dainaxa, rom rusebma xeli aiRes mis

mfarvelobaze da anton II-is gulis mogebis mizniT Zveli

Tanamoazre gawires _ ruseTSi namsaxur aleqsi petriaSvilze

gacvales. mitropoliti imasac mixvda, rom mTavarmarTebeli

aleqsandre tormasovi mas ar daicavda da pirdapir imperator

aleqsandre I-s mimarTa. mimarTva sakmaod vrcelia, amis gamo misi

Sinaarsi bevr ucnob sakiTxs hfens naTels. SevecdebiT igi rac

SeiZleba srulad warmovadginoT:

mitropoliti arseni mimarTvas imiT iwyebs, rom igi beria da

ar unda ereodes amqveyniur saqmeebSi, magram aseTi nabijis

gadadgmisaken ubiZga imperatorisadmi erTgulebam: „к коему

возбуждает меня верность к Вам, пребывающая в душе моей до конца

жизни моей“ (Акты, IV, стр. 141). amis Semdeg mitropoliti arseni

dawvrilebiT aRwers mis mier ruseTis imperiisaTvis gaweuli

samsaxuris umniSvnelovanes momentebs. arsenis ruseTis imperato-

risadmi erTguleba daufasebiaT saqarTvelos pirvel

mTavarsardal general karl knorings, saqarTvelos mmarTvel

37

petre kovalenskis da general ivane lazarevs. mitropoliti

arseni ar malavs, rom sargeblobda rus xelisufalTa

mxardaWeriT. saqarTvels mTavarsardal general pavle

cicianovsac daufasebia arsenis ruseTis imperatorisadmi

erTguli samsaxuri da imperatoris winaSe uSuamdgomlebia misi

wmida anas pirveli xarisxis ordeniT dajildoebis Taobaze. es

jildo arsens miuRia rogorc „несказанное счастие“. mTavarsardal

general ivane gudoviGs aseve SeumGneveli ar darGenia arsenis

ruseTis imperatorisadmi erTguleba da imperatoris winaSe

uSuamdgomlebia misi TeTri bartyuliTa da bartyulze

briliantis jvriT dajildoebis Taobaze. arseni gaocebuli

darGenila imperatoris mier gaRebuli „божественным милостям“

(Акты, IV, стр. 219).

TviT mitropolit arsenis mier moyvanili faqtebidanac ki

kargad Gans, Tu rogor uyrida Tavs qarTvelTa Soris ruseTis

saimperatoro kari Tavis momxreebs, rogor amzadebda mcxeTis

uZvelesi sapatriarqo taxtisa da uZvelesi samociqulo eklesiis

avtokefaliis gauqmebas. saubedurod, mitropoliti arseni

erTaderTi ar iyo!

ruseTis imperatoris winaSe Tavisi erTguli samsaxuris

warmoGenis Semdeg mitropoliti arseni aleqsandre I-s moaxsenebs

imis Taobaze, Tu rogor ebrZodnen da aviwrovebdnen mas.

moviyvanT moxsenebidan erT adgils:

mitropolit arsenis moSurne yofila yizlareli mRvdeli

aleqsi petriaSvili. TiTqos dekanoz aleqsis moutyuebia

kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II da ruseTidan axladdabrunebuli

arqiepiskoposi varlami (erisTavi), raTa maT saqarTvelos

mTavarsardal general aleqsandre tormasovisa da saqarTvelos

mmarTvel general Tevdore axverdovisaTvis eTxovaT Tbilisis

38

sionis kaTedridan mitropolit arsenis sxva eklesiaSi gadayvana

da mis nacvlad aleqsi petriaSvilis daniSvna (Акты, IV, стр. 142).

amis Semdeg mitropoliti arseni gadadis ciliswamebaze. igi

imperators acnobebs, rom kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m

gaZarcva mcxeTis sveticxovlisa da alaverdis taZrebi da

taZrebidan moparuli nivTebi bazarze iyidebao (Акты, IV, стр. 142).

mitropolitma arsenma arc arqiepiskoposi varlami daindo. igi

imperators werda, rom arqiepiskopos varlams surs waarTvas mas

eparqia (Акты, IV, стр. 142).

mitropoliti arseni imperators sTxovda, Seeswavla aqauri

sasuliero saqmeebi da ar daeSva misi gadayvana sxva eparqiaSi.

mitropoliti imperators Seaxsenebda, rom saqarTveloSi ar iyo

mRvdelmTavris erTi eparqiidan meoreSi gadayvanis tradicia.

aleqsandre I-is gulis mogebis mizniT mitropoliti arseni

imasac dasZenda, rom misi mRvdelmTavrobis dros sionis taZarSi

ruseTis imperatori idideboda, rac SeSurdaT mis mtrebs (Акты,

IV, стр. 142).

mitropoliti arseni imperators sTxovda, dekanoz aleqsi

petriaSvilis, arqiepiskopos varlamis (erisTavis) da

saqarTvelos mmarTvel general Tevdore axverdovis mxilebis

mizniT, gamoekvlia yovelive, rac TavisTavad daadasturebda mis

udanaSaulobas (Акты, IV, стр. 142).

mitropolitma arsenma imperators Tavisi azri moaxsena

saeklesio mmarTvelobis reformasTan dakavSirebiT. igi werda,

rom ruseTidan dabrunebulma arqiepiskoposma varlamma

yvelaferi aurdauria. swored arqiepiskoposma varlamma

daiTanxma mTavarsardali aleqsandre tormasovi Tbilisis

eparqiidan mis gadayvanaze, raTa TviTon gamxdariyo eparqiis

mmarTveli ierarqi. arseni daaskvnis: Gemi eparqia TbilisSia,

39

sadac me maqvs gansakuTrebuli sasamarTlo (saeklesio

sasamarTlo); kaTolikos-patriarqis eparqia mcxeTaSia da amitom

mcxeTaSive unda daarsdes sasuliero dikasteriao (Акты, IV, стр.

142).

mitropolitma arsenma kargad uwyoda, rom rusebi kaTolikos-

patriarq anton II-s brals sdebdnen saero xelisuflebis

(saqarTvelos mTavarsardlis) Tanxmobis gareSe mRvdlad

xeldasxmasa da berad aRkvecaSi. amitom iyo, rom imperatoris

winaSe abezRebda anton II-s. mitropoliti arseni werda: qarTlsa

da kaxeTSi kaTolikos-patriarqs mefis nebarTvis gareSe ar

SeeZlo mRvdelmTavrad (mitropolitad, mTavarepiskoposad, epis-

koposad), arqimandritad, iRumenad da mRvdlad xeldasxma.

mitropoliti arseni imperators moaxsenebda, rom anton II

arRvevda am wess (Акты, IV, стр. 142).

Tavis dacvis mizniT mitropoliti arseni aravis ar indobda

da imperatorisaTvis aseTi informaciis miwodebasac ki ar

erideboda. mitropoliti arseni wers: mTavarepiskoposma

varlamma, saqarTvelos mmarTvelma generalma Tevdore

axverdovma da dekanozma aleqsi petriaSvilma daiTanxmes

mTavarsardali aleqsandre tormasovi, raTa me sxva eparqiaSi

gadaveyvaneo. saqarTvelos mmarTvel Tevdore axverdovis

gadabireba TiTqos imiT mouxerxebiaT, rom aleqsi petriaSvilis

SuamavlobiT kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s Tevdore axverdovis

Svili mounaTlavs (Акты, IV, стр. 142).

mitropoliti arseni Tavis moxsenebas kidev erTi dasmeniT

amTavrebs. misi cnobiT, giorgi XII-is Zes, samefos gamgebel

daviTs (1800-1802 ww.) dosiTeoz ficxelaurisaTvis arqimandritoba

uboZebia. mitropoliti arseni aRniSnavda, rom kaTolikos-

patriarqma anton II-m imis gamo, rom daviT batoniSvili misi

40

erTguli iyo, dosiTeoz ficxelaurs ukanonod naboZebi

arqimandritoba ki ar GamoarTva, aramed damatebiT oTxi

arqimandriti dauqvemdebara da urbnisis eparqiac ki Gaabarao

(Акты, IV, стр. 142; eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi,

gv. 40-42).

ruseTis imperatorisaTvis mirTmeuli moxsenebis Semdeg

mitropolitma arsenma 1810 wlis 1 Tebervals daaxloebiT igive

Sinaarsis moxseneba ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-

prokuror aleqsandre golicinsac gaugzavna (Акты, IV, стр. 143).

sadReosod SemorGenili dokumentebi da masalebi ar iZleva

imis saSualebas, zustad dadgindes mitropolit arsenis mier

moyvanili faqtebis siswore. amis miuxedavad cxadia savalalo

realoba: mitropolit arsenis msgavsi adamianebi, saboloo jamSi,

xels uwyobdnen ruseTis saeklesio politikis warmatebas,

romlis mizani iyo saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba.

amjeradac mterma zedmiwevniT kargad gamoiyena qarTvelTa Soris

arsebuli SuRli da dapirispireba.

1809 wlis 2 noembers ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis

ober-prokurorma aleqsandre golicinma saqarTvelos

mTavarsardal aleqsandre tormasovs acnoba: 1809 wlis 6 ivniss

imperators movaxsene Tqveni da kaTolikos-patriarqis anton II-is

Suamdgomlobis Taobaze, romelic TbilisSi sasuliero

dikasteriis daarsebas iTvaliswinebs. sasuliero dikasteriis

daarsebasTan dakavSirebiT anton II peterburgSi unda

gaemgzavros, radgan gadasawyvetia bevri sakiTxi, romelTa

garkveva mimoweris gziT gaZneldeba, xolo saqme gaWianurdebao.

aleqsandre golicini aleqsandre tormasovs sTxovda, yovelive

es kaTolikos-patriarqs moaxsene, xolo Sedegi me macnobeo


41

savsebiT gasagebia, Tu ratom iyo dainteresebuli aleqsandre

golicini anton II-is reaqciiT mis peterburgSi gawvevasTan

dakavSirebiT. cxadia, anton II mixvdeboda, rom misi peterburgSi

gawveva avismomaswavebeli iyo. yvelafers rom Tavi davaneboT,

kaTolikos-patriarqs xom kargad emaxsovreboda qarTl-kaxeTis

samefos gauqmebis Semdeg peterburgSi samefo saxlis wevrebis _

dedoflebisa da batoniSvilebis _ gawvevis istoria. isini

ruseTSi sapatio tyveebis rangSi aRmoGndnen.

anton II-m, mas Semdeg rac aleqsandre tormasovma imperator

aleqsandre I-is neba auwya, 1810 wlis 7 ianvars werili gaugzavna

saqarTvelos mmarTvel general Tevdore axverdovs. anton II

werda, rom aRtacebuli iyo imperatoris xilvis SesaZleblobiT,

Tumca mis survils asruleba ar ewera. kaTolikos-patriarqi

saqarTvelos mmarTvels auwyebda, rom wina wels gadatanili xan-

grZlivi avadmyofobis gamo Zalze dasustebuli iyo da ar

SeeZlo Sor manZilze mgzavroba. anton II Tevdore axverdovs

acnobebda, rom Seqmnili viTarebis gamo man gadawyvita,

peterburgSi gaegzavna ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis wevri

arqiepiskoposi varlami da arqimandriti dosiTeozi, romelTac

eqnebodaT saWiro informacia da amave dros SeeZloT azri

gamoeTqvaT yvela sakiTxze (Акты, IV, стр. 141; eldar

bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 44).

garkveuli periodis Semdeg TbilisSi cnobili gaxda

Tbileli mitropolit arsenis mier ruseTis imperator

aleqsandre I-Tvis 1809 wlis 20 agvistos gagzavnili moxsenebis

(saGivris) Sinaarsi. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m garkveuli

RonisZiebani gaatara Tbileli mitropolitis mxilebis mizniT.

1810 wlis 22 ianvars saqarTvelos mTavarsardal aleqsandre

tormasovs TxovniT mimarTes Tbilisis qaSveTis wm. giorgis

42

eklesiis winamZRvarma dekanozma petrem da mRvdelma pavlem. xse-

nebuli dokumentidan dgindeba: 1) Tbilel mitropolitad arseni

jer kidev qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebamde yofila

xeldasxmuli. misi sasuliero karieris warmatebaSi gadamwyveti

roli SeusrulebiaT erekle II-sa da giorgi XII-s; 2)

mitropoliti arseni Tavdapirvelad keTilmsaxuri yofila,

magram SemdgomSi mRvdelmTavrisaTvis Seuferebeli qmedebebi

Gaudenia. giorgi XII-is sicocxleSi mitropoliti arseni, ase Tu

ise, Tavs ikavebda. mefis sikvdilis Semdeg yovelgvar zRvars ga-

dascda. mTavarsardal pavle cicianovis mxardaWeriT ga-

Tamamebuli mRvdelmTavari joxiT scemda da lanZRavda

RvTismsaxurebs, adebda maT sxvadasxva sastik sasjels, ar

erideboda sxeulis dazianebasac ki. usamarTlod da sastikad

dasjilTa Soris iyvnen dekanozi petre da mRvdeli pavle; 3)

qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesias im droisaTvis 5 duqani hqonia,

duqnebidan miRebul Semosavals eklesiis saWiroebisaTvis

iyenebdnen (am droisaTvis qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesia Zlier da-

zianebuli iyo); 4) 1804 wlis ianvridan mitropolit arsens qaSve-

Tis wm. giorgis eklesiis Semosavlis didi nawili miuTvisebia da

dangrevis piras misuli eklesia usaxsrod dautovebia; 5) dekanoz

petresa da mRvdel pavles mTavarsardal pavle cicianovis

sikvdilis Semdeg saqarTvelos mmarTvelTan uGivliaT.

saqarTvelos martvelobidan kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tvis

uTxoviaT saqmis gamoZieba da samarTliani msjavris gamotana.

rogorc Gans, anton II-m an saqmis gamoZieba ver moaxerxa, an

msjavris gamotana, magram mitropolitma arsenma ganaGeni ar

scno. dekanozi petre da mRvdeli pavle iZulebuli gamxdaran

aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis miemarTaT TxovniT (Акты, IV, стр.

145).

43

mTavarsardal aleqsandre tormasovTan, rogorc Gans,

mitropolit arsens sxvebmac uGivles, ris gamoc generali

iZulebuli gaxda, gadamWreli zomebi mieRo. mitropoliti arseni

saeklesio sasamarTlos unda gaesamarTlebina. sasamarTlo Sedga

1810 wlis 7 Tebervals. saeklesio sasamarTlom kaTalikos-

patriarq anton II-s moxseneba gaugzavna. am dokumentis qarTuli

dedani mikvleuli ar aris, rusul Targmans aqvs SeniSvna, rom

dedans xels awerdnen mitropolitebi da arqimandritebi,

konkretulad vin, rusuli Targmanidan ar Gans (Акты, IV, стр. 145-

146).

saeklesio sasamarTlos moxsenebidan dgindeba: 1) saeklesio

sasamarTlos ganGineba gamoutania mitropolit arsenis saqmeze,

romelic mitropolits ar ucvnia da Tavis mxriv saeklesio

sasamarTlosaTvis mTavarsardal aleqsandre tormasovTan

uGivlia. 2) aleqsandre tormasovs mitropolit arsenis saGivari

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tvis gadaugzavnia, am ukanasknels

ki saeklesio sasamarTlosaTvis gadaucia gansaxilvelad (Акты,

IV, стр. 145).

saeklesio sasamarTlos moxseneba saintereso dokumentia,

amitom SevecdebiT misi Sinaarsi srulad moviyvanoT. kerZod,

dokumentidan dgindeba:

pirveli. mitropoliti arseni amtkicebda, rom sasamarTloze

igi galanZRes, ar misces moTxovnebis werilobiTi wardgenis

ufleba, ris gamoc iZulebuli gaxda zepiri gamosvliT

dakmayofilebuliyo.

meore. sinamdvileSi sasamarTlos dawyebamde mitropolit

arsens iRumen aTanases da dekanoz dimitris xeliT gaugzavnes

mis mier Gadenili qmedebebis GamonaTvali 7 punqtad da

mosTxoves werilobiTi axsna-ganmarteba.

44

mesame. mitropolitma arsenma werilobiTi axsna-ganmarteba ar

warmoadgina. mis mier sasamarTlosaTvis gagzavnil werilSi

aRniSnuli iyo, rom 7 punqtiani GamonaTvalidan man ver gaigo, vin

uGioda.

meoTxe. mitropolit arsenis pasuxis miRebis Semdeg sa-

samarTlom masTan gagzavna iRumeni aTanase da dekanozi dimitri,

romelTac davalebuli hqondaT, yvela gaugebari sakiTxi

ganemartaT mitropolitisaTvis.

mexuTe. mitropolitma arsenma amjerad ganacxada, rom

waikiTxavda 7 punqtian GamonaTvals da pasuxs gascemda

sasamarTlosaTvis saintereso kiTxvebs. danapirebi mitropolits

ar Seusrulebia.

meeqvse. sasamarTlom mitropolit arsenTan axsna-ganmartebis

micemis moTxovniT gagzavna mitropoliti gervasi or

arqimandritTan erTad, aseve iRumeni aTanase da dekanozi

dimitri. mitropolitma arsenma axsna-ganmarteba arc amjerad

misca.

meSvide. ramdenime dRis Semdeg sasamarTlom, arsebuli wesis

mixedviT, mitropolit arsenTan gagzavna ori mitropoliti _

stefane ninowmindeli da gervasi wilkneli. mitropolitma

arsenma axsna-ganmarteba arc amjerad misca da ganacxada:

sasamarTloSi gamovcxaddebi, rogorc ki momiwvevTo. miuxedavad

dapirebisa, mitropoliti arc sasamarTloSi gamocxadebula da

arc werilobiTi axsna-ganmarteba warudgenia.

merve. bolos, arsebuli wesis Tanaxmad, sasamartlom

mitropolit arsenTan gagzavna mitropolitebi stefane da

gervasi or arqimandritTan erTad, romelTac Tan waiRes wmida

mociqulTa kanonebi da msoflios Svidi saeklesio krebis mier

45

miRebuli kanonebi, romelTa mixedviT mitropolit arsenis

danaSauli damtkicebulad iTvleboda.

mecxre. mitropolitma arsenma, rogorc ki Seityo, rom masTan

midioda ori mitropoliti or arqimandritTan erTad, Tavisi

kaci Seageba maT da auwya, rom uwmidesi (igulisxmeba kaTolikos-

patriarqi anton II _ v. g.) ar iyo misi uzenaesi saeklesio

xelisufali da rezidenciaSi Gaiketa. mitropolitebi da

arqimandritebi ukan gabrundnen.

meaTe. saeklesio sasamarTlom mitropolit arsenis sakiTxi

msjavris gamosatanad kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s gadasca

(Акты, IV, стр. 145-146).

zemoT aRvniSneT, rom kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m

avadmyofobiT gamowveuli fizikuri sisustis momizezebiT 1810

wlis 7 ianvars saqarTvelos mmarTvel general Tevdore

axverdovs acnoba, rom peterburgSi ver gaemgzavreboda.

saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma aleqsandre tormasovma, rogorc

Gans, anton II sabolood mainc ver daiTanxma da 1810 wlis 12

Tebervals ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror

aleqsandre golicins acnoba: kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II

peterburgSi ver miemgzavreba, mis nacvlad, anton II-is Tanxmo-

biT, igzavnebian arqiepiskoposi varlami da arqimandriti

dosiTeozi, romelTac anton II-gan aqvT yvela rwmuneba, aseve

saWiro masala, raTa molaparakeba awarmoon TbilisSi sasuliero

dikasteriis daarsebis Taobaze (Акты, IV, стр. 146).

aleqsandre tormasovi aleqsandre golicins auwyebda

TbilisSi mitropolit arsenis garSemo datrialebul ambebs _

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-isa da Tbilel mitropolit arsenis

momxreTa Soris dawyebuli dapirispirebis zogierT sayuradRebo

detals. kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tan dapirispirebul mitro-

46

polit arsens aleqsandre tormasovisTvis miumarTavs Semdegi

TxovniT: sionis sakaTedro taZris mTeli Semosavali (al.

tormasovis gamoTvliT weliwadSi 3000 maneTi _ v. g.)

sapatriarqos ki ar gadaeces, aramed saqarTvelos SemosavlebSi

(e. i. qarTl-kaxeTis rusuli administraciis SemosavlebSi)

Gairicxos, saidanac mitropolit arsens unda mieRo misi

mdgomareobis Sesaferisi sarGo (Акты, IV, стр. 146). aleqsandre

tormasovi aleqsandre golicins auwyebda erTi skandaluri faq-

tis Taobaze. 1809 wlis 12 dekembers, imperator aleqsandre I-is

dabadebis dRes, saRvTo liturgiis dros, mitropolitma arsenma

sionis taZris sakurTxevlidan mRvdelmTavrisaTvis Seuferebeli

lanZRviT gaaZeva dekanozi aleqsi petriaSvili da lanZRviTve

moixsenia arqiepiskoposi varlami (erisTavi). Seuracxyofil

aleqsi petriaSvils aleqsandre tormasovTan uGivlia, xolo am

ukanasknels saqme gansaxilvelad da msjavris gamosatanad

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tvis gadaugzavnia. saqmis

dasrulebamde Seuracxyofil aleqsi petriaSvils mitropolit

arsenis winaaRmdeg kidev ramdenime sasuliero piri aumxedrebia,

romelTac aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis aseve saGivrebi

miurTmeviaT. male aleqsandre tormasovs anton II-gan miuRia

saeklesio sasamarTlos ganGineba, romelic mitropolit arsenis

Tbilisis eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrobidan gadayenebas

iTvaliswinebda (Акты, IV, стр. 147; eldar bubulaSvili.

dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 46-47). aleqsandre tormasovs ruseTis

erTguli msaxuris mitropolit arsenis bolomde gawirvisagan

Tavi Seukavebia da anton II-Tvis uTxovia: mitropoliti arseni

damnaSave kia, magram pativi eciT mis mRvdelmTavrul Rirsebas

da sxva raime sasjeli moifiqreTo. aleqsandre tormasovi anton

II-gan pasuxis molodinSi iyo, roca mitropolitma arsenma mas

47

saGivari miarTva _ arseni saeklesio sasamarTlos uGioda (Акты,

IV, стр. 147). aleqsandre tormasovi aleqsandre golicins werda:

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s vTxove, mitropolit arsenis saqme

dawvrilebiT Seiswavlos da saboloo ganGinebis Taobaze macno-

bos. uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors saqarTvelos mTa-

varsardali imasac auwyebda, rom anton II-is ganGinebas igi

imperators warudgenda (Акты, IV, стр. 147).

ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuroris

aleqsandre golicinisadmi gagzavnil werilSi saqarTvelos

mTavarsardali aleqsandre tormasovi daskvnis saxiT aRniSnavs:

pirveli. kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II iSviaTi Tvisebebis

mqone adamiania, romelic yvelasagan pativiscemas imsaxurebs

(„глава духовенства католикос-патриарх Антоний, сыт царя Ираклия, по

всей справедливости особа редких свойств и правил, общественно

уважаемая“).

meore. avadmyofobisagan dasustebuli anton II moeqca ficxi

da moSurne RvTismsaxurTa gavlenis qveS da irwmuna Tbilel

mitropolit arsenis mabezReblebis saGivrebisa.

mesame. kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II cdilobs SeinarGunos

saeklesio Semosavlebi.

meoTxe. anton II iZulebulia aRiaros, rom is RvTismsaxurebi,

vinc mitropolit arsens uGivla, TviTon ver asruleben TavianT

movaleobas, ar ufrTxildebian saeklesio Semosavals. saerTod

mTeli samRvdeloeba arakeTilsindisierad sargeblobs saeklesio

SemosavlebiT.

mexuTe. qarTveli samRvdeloeba ver asrulebs masze da-

kisrebul movaleobas, radgan bevri maTgani daumsaxureblad aris

xeldasxmuli da aRkvecili. samRvdeloebas, iseve rogorc aqaur

xalxs (e. i. qarTvelebs _ v. g.), aqvs momxveWelobisaken

48

miswrafeba. isini eswrafvian ara eklesiis Semosavlebis gazrdas,

aramed pirad gamdidrebas.

meeqvse. berad aRikvecebian iseTi adamianebi, romelTac

beruli cxovrebis arc survili da arc miswrafeba ar gaaGniaT.

aRkvecis Semdeg maT xeli miuwvdebaT saeklesio Semosavalze da

Sansic eZlevaT umaRles saeklesio ierarqiaSi daikavon adgili


werilis bolos aleqsandre tormasovi svams kiTxvas: aseTi

samRvdeloeba SeiZleba gaxdes gaunaTlebeli xalxisaTvis

magaliTis mimcemi? eqneba Sesaferisi Sedegi aseTi samRvdeloebis

moRvaweobas gansakuTrebiT maSin, roca upirvelesi

mRvdelmTavrebi Seurigeblobisa da uwesobis magaliTs iZlevian?


male saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma generalma aleqsandre

tormasovma miiRo ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-

prokuroris aleqsandre golicinis werili, romelic 1810 wlis

25 TebervliT iyo daTariRebuli. aleqsandre golicini generals

acnobebda, rom man imperator aleqsandre I-s moaxsena

peterburgSi kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is gamgzavrebis

Semaferxebel garemoebaTa Sesaxeb. imperators ubrZanebia:

kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II peterburgSi maSin gaemgzavros,

rodesac gamojanmrTeldebao, xolo sasuliero dikasteriis

Seqmnis sakiTxis ganxilva droebiT SeGerdeso (Акты, IV, стр. 148;

eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 45). es imis

momaswavebeli iyo, rom ruseTis saimperatoro kari principulad

iTxovda anton II-is ruseTSi gamgzavrebas da yovelgvar

ukandasaxev gzas uWrida kaTolikos-patriarqs.

1810 wlis gazafxulisaTvis umaRles saeklesio ierarqiaSi

mdgomareoba ukiduresad daiZaba. Tbilel mitropolit arsenis

49

saqmem naTlad warmoaGina qarTvel samRvdeloebaSi arsebuli

bevri winaaRmdegoba. aleqsandre tormasovi Tavs izRvevda da

peterburgs periodulad dawvrilebiT ayenebda saqmis kursSi. 1810

wlis 16 marts aleqsandre tormasovma uwmidesi sinodis ober-

prokuror aleqsandre golicins acnoba Semdegi:

1. kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s movTxove, daaGqaros

mitropolit arsenis saqmis gamoZieba da misi saeklesio

sasamarTloSi ganxilva.

2. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m gamomigzavna mitropolit

arsenis saqmis Ziebis masalebi, aseve saeklesio sasamarTlos

ganGineba, romelic Sedgenilia oTxi mitropolitis,

mTavarepiskoposisa da oTxi arqimandritis mier. saeklesio

sasamarTlom Tbileli mitropoliti arseni damnaSaved scno da

gadaayena igi Tbilisis eparqiis mRvdelmTavrobidan. arseni

ganyenebuli iqna mRvdelmsaxurebidan, igi unda gaemgzavros kaTo-

likos-patriarqis mier SerGeul erT-erT monasterSi. anton II

mTlianad daeTanxma saeklesio sasamarTlos ganGinebas da

mommarTa TxovniT, raTa ganGineba dasamtkiceblad warvudgino

imperators (Акты, IV, стр. 148).

3. kaTolikos-patriarqma macnoba, rom masTan Sedis saGivrebi

mitropolit arsenis mier sionis sakaTedro taZris Semosavlis

ukanonod miTvisebis Taobaze da mTxova, davexmaro Semosavlebis

dacvaSi, kerZod, Semosavlebis aRricxva davavalo sando pirs.

4. aleqsandre tormasovs anton II-Tvis urGevia, rom es sakiTxi

mas Tavisi RvTismsaxurebis daxmarebiT moegvarebina. anton II-s es

rGeva Seuwynarebia da Seuqmnia sionis taZris Semosavlebis

aRmricxveli komisia taZris dekanoz ioseb miqaZis

xelmZRvanelobiT (Акты, IV, стр. 148).

50

werilis bolos aleqsandre tormasovi aleqsandre golicins

acnobebda, rom igi Tavis movaleobad ar miiGnevda sionis taZris

Semosavlebis aRricxvas, magram sakiTxi imdenad gamwvavebula,

rom aleqsandre tormasovi iZulebuli gamxdara saqarTvelos

mmarTvelisaTvis, general Tevdore axverdovisaTvis, eTxova

Gareuliyo am saqmeSi (Акты, IV, стр. 148).

1810 wlis 15 marts kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m weriliT

mimarTa saqarTvelos mTavarsardal general aleqsandre

tormasovs. werilSi dawvrilebiTaa aRwerili Tbilel

mitropolit arsenis mier mRvdelmTavrisaTvis Seuferebeli

qmedebebi. anton II aleqsandre tormasovs sTxovda,

eSuamdgomlebina imperatorTan mitropolit arsenis

mRvdelmTavrobidan gadayenebisa da misTvis mRvdelmsaxurebis

SeGerebis Taobaze (Акты, IV, стр. 149). anton II-m aleqsandre

tormasovs aseve gaugzavna mis mier damtkicebuli saeklesio

sasamarTlos ganGineba mitropolit arsenis saqmesTan

dakavSirebiT. ganGineba anton II-s 1810 wlis 16 marts

daumtkicebia (Акты, IV, стр. 149). dokumenti sainteresoa imiT,

anton II Tavis Tavs ixseniebs, rogorc sruliad saqarTvelos

kaTolikos-patriarqs („Мы, всея Грузии католикос-патриарх Антоный“)

(Акты, IV, стр. 149). marTalia, dokumentis qarTuli dedani

mikvleuli ar aris, magram saeWvoa, rom TargmanSi anton II-is

titulatura SeecvalaT. saeklesio sasamarTlos ganGinebaSi

aRniSnulia, rom mitropolit arsens droebiT SeuGerda

mRvdelmsaxurebis ufleba (Акты, IV, стр. 149).

mitropoliti arseni danebebas ar apirebda da saqarTvelos

mTavarsardal aleqsandre tormasovTan uGioda anton II-sa da

saeklesio sasamarTlos. 1810 wlis 3 aprils aleqsandre

tormasovma mitropolit arsenis ori werili (1810 wlis 16

51

martiT da 30 martiT daTariRebuli) ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi

sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre golicins gadaugzavna (Акты,

IV, стр. 150-151). aleqsandre tormasovi aleqsandre golicins

werda, rom igi sakiTxis gadawyvetaSi monawileobas ar miiRebda,

Tumca survili hqonda erTi SeniSvna gaekeTebina: mitropolit

arsenis mtkiceba, rom misi mRvdelmsaxurebis dros sionis

sakaTedro taZari aRorZinda da gamSvenierda, sinamdviles ar

Seefereboda. generali aRniSnavda, rom Tbilisis sionis taZari

gamorGeulia saqarTveloSi. taZris restavracia ganaxorciela sa-

qarTvelos mTavarsardalma generalma pavle cicianovma, xolo

taZris mosarTavad imperatoris brZanebiT gamoiyo Tanxa.

aleqsandre tormasovi usamarTlod miiGnevda mitropolit

arsenis mier sxvisi damsaxurebis miTvisebas (Акты, IV, стр. 150).

mZime mdgomareobaSi myof kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s

saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma generalma aleqsandre tormasovma

1810 wlis 3 Tebervals werili gaugzavna. werili

avismomaswavebeli iyo. misi Sinaarsi aseTia:

1. ruseTSi arsebuli wesis mixedviT, iq, sadac armiis mTa-

varsardlis an general-gubernatoris mTavari rezidenciaa, unda

iyos eklesia da mimdinareobdes RvTismsaxureba.

2. Gem mier eklesiad SerGeuli iqna qaSveTis wm. giorgis

eklesia.

3. amieridan qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiaSi RvTismsaxureba

rusul enaze unda warmoebdes, xolo eklesiaSi rusi

samRvdeloeba unda msaxurebdes.

4. im dReebSi, roca qaSveTis eklesiaSi rus samRvdeloebas ar

eqneba msaxureba, SeiZleba qarTvelma samRvdeloebam qarTul

enaze warmarTos msaxureba.

52

5. qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiis dekanozma petrem da

mRvdelma pavlem iTxoves eklesiaSi imsaxuron yovel dRe, maT

Soris kvira dResac da sauflo dReebSiac, radgan Semosavals

kargaven.

6. qaSveTis eklesiaSi axladSemoRebuli wesis Secvla ar

SeiZleba, magram eklesiis moZRvrebi rom ar dazaraldnen,

sapatriarqom maT sxva ram sarGo gauGinos (Акты, IV, стр. 151;

eldar bubulaSvili. dasaxelebuli naSromi, gv. 52).

1810 wlis 25 maiss kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m upasuxa

aleqsandre tormasovis 1810 wlis 3 aprilis werils. werilidan

irkveva, rom Tbilisis qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiis dekanoz

petres da mRvdel pavles aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis

miurTmeviaT Txovna, romelic qaSveTis eklesiaSi rusi

samRvdeloebis mier RvTismsaxurebis aRsrulebas exeboda.

kerZod, qarTveli moZRvrebi SeuZleblad miiGnevdnen uqme da

sauflo dReebSi RvTismsaxurebis mxolod rusul enaze aRsru-

lebas. amasTan dakavSirebiT anton II aleqsandre tormasovs ase

pirobebs sTavazobda:

1. uqme da sauflo dReebSi qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiaSi

imsaxurebs rusi samRvdeloeba, msaxureba aResruleba rusul

enaze. uqme da sauflo dReebis garda qaSveTis wm. giorgis

eklesiaSi imsaxurebs qarTveli samRvdeloeba, msaxureba

aResruleba qarTul enaze. meoTxe aTeulSi, kvira dReebis

gamoklebiT, rusi da qarTveli samRvdeloeba imsaxurebs

morigeobiT TiTo kviris ganmavlobaSi _ pirvel kviraSi

msaxureba aResruleba rusul enaze, meore kviraSi _ qarTul

enaze.

2. sanTlebis gayidvisagan miRebuli Semosavali ekuTvnis

qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesias. rusul enaze msaxurebisaTvis

53

daniSnulia ruseTis armiis samxedro moZRvari. misi msaxurebis

dRes eklesiaSi gaiyideba samxedro eklesiis sanTlebi da

Semosavalic samxedro eklesiisa iqneba. yvela danarGen dReebSi

gayiduli sanTlebis Semosavali qaSveTis eklesiisa.

3. qarTveli samRvdeloebis Semosavali ar gaunawildeba rus

samRvdeloebas, iseve rogorc qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiis

Semosavali ar gaunawildeba samxedro eklesias.

4. qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiis qoneba ekuTvnis mxolod am

eklesias. es qoneba rGeba dekanoz petresa da mRvdel pavles

gamgeblobaSi, maTTanve inaxeba eklesiis gasaRebi. rus

samRvdeloebas ar aqvs ufleba, Tan waiRos eklesiis gasaRebi.

5. radgan dekanozi petre da mRvdeli pavle uqme da sauflo

dReebSi veRar imsaxureben, maT daakldebaT Semosavali. maT es

danaklisi aunazRaurdeT eklesiis kuTvnili duqnebis

Semosavlidan (Акты, IV, стр. 151).

aleqsandre tormasovma ar miiRo anton II-s pi- ro-

bebi.

ruseTis saimperatoro kari aRar apirebda, kidev gadaedo

kaTolikos-patriarqis anton II-is peterburgSi gamgzavreba.

saqarTvelos mTavarsardali generali aleqsandre tormasovi

ukve aSkarad agrZnobinebda anton II-s, rom metis daxaneba aRar

SeiZleboda. 1810 wlis 8 ivniss anton II-m aleqsandre tormasovs

acnoba: janmrTeloba peterburgSi gamgzavrebis saSualebas

maZlevso. generals maSinve gaucia Sesabamisi gankargulebani

mgzavrobis momzadebasTan dakavSirebiT da Tan anton II-is

gadawyvetilebis Taobaze saqmis kursSi Gauyenebia peterburgi

(Акты, IV, стр. 152). mogvianebiT anton II-s

gadawyvetileba Seucvlia da saqarTvelos mmarTvelis meSveobiT

aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis ucnobebia: peterburgSi agvistos

54

bolos gavemgzavrebio. gamgzavrebis gadadebas anton II Zlieri

sicxeebiT xsnida (Акты, IV, стр. 152). aleqsandre tormasovi uxer-

xul mdgomareobaSi Gavarda. 1810 wlis 12 ivliss generali

kaTolikos-patriarqs werda: me ver gavbedavdi TqvenTvis merGia

zafxulis Zlier sicxeSi gamgzavreba, magram

gasaTvaliswinebelia is, rom Tqven GrdiloeTSi miemgzavrebiTo

(Акты, IV, стр. 152). es imas niSnavda, rom generali mgzavrobis

gadadebis mizezs seriozulad ar miiGnevda. werilis bolos

aleqsandre tormasovi dasZenda: peterburgSi gamgzavrebis dro

Tqven unda SearGioT, Gems rGevas ki Zaldatanebad nu miiGnevTo

(Акты, IV, стр. 152). yovelive zemoT Tqmuls Tu gaviTvaliswinebT,

SeiZleba davaskvnaT: kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is peterburgSi

gamgzavreba didi xniT veRar gadaideboda. ruseTis saimperatoro

kari anton II-s Zalas mxolod imitom ar atanda, rom

gamgzavrebis ramdenime TviT gadadeba xels ar uSlida ruseTis

koloniuri politikis realizebas.

mitropolit arsenis saqmis Ziebis procesSi ramdenjerme

wamotivtivda saeklesio Semosavlebis uyairaTod xarjvis

sakiTxi. saeklesio Semosavlebis dadgena jer kidev saqarTvelos

mTavarsardalma generalma pavle cicianovma scada. Semosavlebis

sakiTxiT aleqsandre tormasovic seriozulad iyo

dainteresebuli. saeklesio Semosavlebis dadgenas iTxovda

ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodi. miuxedavad amisa,

Semosavlebis aRricxvis saqmeSi saWiro wesrigi mainc ver

damyarda. 1810 wlis 2 ivliss aleqsandre tormasovma saeklesio

Semosavlebis sakiTxis garkveva saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavrobis

prokuror plaxotins daavala. 1810 wlis 23 ivliss prokurorma

aleqsandre tormasovs moxseneba warudgina, romlis Sinaarsi

aseTia:

55

pirveli. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m rusuli mmarT-

velobis damyarebis Semdeg da, konkretulad, misi peterburgSi

gamgzavrebis Taobaze gadawyvetilebis miRebis Semdegac ki

sxvadasxva wodebis adamianebs uboZa monastrebisa da eklesiebis

kuTvnili miwebi. monastrebisa da eklesiebis miwebis boZebas

anton II mefobis gauqmebamde marto ver wyvetda. kaTolikos-

patriarqi erT arSin miwasac ki ver gascemda mefis Tanxmobis

gareSe.

meore. kaTolikos-patriarqis mier miwebis boZebis da gayidvis

akrZalva scada mTavarsardalma pavle cicianovma, romelmac amis

Taobaze 1805 wlis 5 Tebervals sagangebo brZaneba gamosca.

mesame. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m pasuxismgebloba aiRo,

daefara misi naTesavis, Tavad estate ciciSvilis vali _ 80.000

vercxlis maneTi. am valis, iseve rogorc misi Zmebis valebis,

saxelmwifo xazinidan dasafarad anton II apirebs TxovniT

mimarTos imperators (Акты, IV, стр. 152).

prokuror plaxotins daudgenia: a) anton II-is mier sxvadasxva

adamianebze gaGuqebuli uZravi da moZravi qoneba da mflobeli,

b) anton II-is mier naTesavebis valebze aRebuli pasuxismgebloba,

valebis raodenoba da mevaleebi. prokuroris mier Sedgenil

GamonaTvalSi samocdasami punqtia (Акты, IV, стр. 153-154). moviyvanT

ramdenime magaliTs:

1. Tavad daviT maRalaSvils mudmiv (memkvidreobiT) sakuT-

rebaSi eboZa mcxeTis monastris kuTvnili sofeli _ xatis

sofeli.

2. memamule nikoloz elioziSvils eboZa monastris kuTvnili

xiTariZeebis komli baRiT da saxnaviT.

3. glex ninias (xuros) eboZa TbilisSi mcxeTis monastris

kuTvnili upatronod darGenili saxli.

56

4. patriarqis msaxur Salvas sofel tirZnisSi eboZa

monastris kuTvnili saxnavi, baRi da saxli.

5. urbnisis monastris winamZRvari arqimandriti dosiTeozi,

urbnisis monastris garda, dadgenili iqna kidev 5 monastris

winamZRvrad.

6. rusTvel mTavarepiskoposs eboZa ninowmindis eparqia (Акты,

IV, стр. 153-154).

aleqsandre tormasovma prokuror plaxotinis 1810 wlis 23

ivlisis moxseneba imave wlis 25 ivliss gadaugzavna saqarTvelos

mmarTvel general Tevdore axverdovs. aleqsandre tormasovi

Tevdore axverdovs avalebda, rom ukanonod gasxvisebuli

saeklesio qoneba daebrunebina eklesiisaTvis. am mizniT

aucilebeli iyo: 1) sajarod gamoecxadebinaT, rom saeklesio

qonebis giraoSi dadeba ukanonoa, 2) sajarod gamoecxadebinaT,

rom saeklesio qonebis boZebis Taobaze gacemuli sigelebi

baTilia. saqarTvelos mTavarsardali saqarTvelos mmarTvels

mTeli kategoriulobiT ucxadebda: me laSqrobaSi mivdivar (am

dros ruseT-iranisa da ruseT-osmaleTis omebi mimdinareobda _

v. g.) da mTel pasuxismgeblobas saeklesio qonebis droulad

dabrunebaze Tqven gakisrebTo (Акты, IV, стр. 154). bolos

aleqsandre tormasovi Tevdore axverdovs kidev erT davalebas

aZlevda: kaTolikos-patriarqi peterburgSi miemgzavreba, amitom

gafrTxilebT, saeklesio da samonastro mamulebTan

dakavSirebuli yvela masala Tan waiRos, raTa Semdgom dro ar

daikargos am masalis Tbilisidan peterburgSi gadagzavnisTviso


kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II saeklesio qonebas, kerZod,

eklesiebisa da monastrebis mamulebs, mxolod erTi mizniT

uboZebda sxvadasxva wodebis adamianebs. anton II-m kargad uwyoda,

57

rom axlovdeboda mcxeTis sapatriarqo taxtisa da uZvelesi

samociqulo eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebis dro. avtokefaliis

gauqmebis Semdeg saeklesio qoneba, maT Soris eklesiebisa da mo-

nastrebis mamulebi, ruseTis eklesiis mflobelobaSi ga-

davidoda. kaTolikos-patriarqs surda, eklesiis kuTvnili

mamulebis rac SeiZleba didi nawili qarTvelebs darGenodaT.

cxadia, ruseTis saimperatoro kari da ruseTis eklesiis

uwmidesi sinodi amas ar dauSvebdnen. amitom iyo, rom

saqarTvelos mTvarsardali generali aleqsandre tormasovi

mTeli kategoriulobiT avalebda saqarTvelos mmarTvel general

Tevdore axverdovs, baTilad ecno anton II-is mier gacemuli yve-

la sigeli saeklesio qonebis, gansakuTrebiT eklesiebisa da

monastrebis mamulebis, vinmeze gasxvisebis Taobaze da amave

dros aekrZala eklesiis kuTvnili mamulebis giraoSi dadeba.

anton II-m rusuli mmarTvelobis damyarebis Semdeg, sa-

qarTvelos mTavarsardlebis kategoriuli moTxovnebis

miuxedavad, ar SeaGera mRvdlad, iRumenad da arqimandritad

xeldasxma. kaTolikos-patriarqi, cxadia, imasac grZnobda, rom

avtokefaliis gauqmebis Semdeg mRvdlad, iRumenad da

arqimandritad qarTvelTa xeldasxma SeizRudeboda. anton II

cdilobda avtokefaliis gauqmebis droisaTvis rac SeiZleba meti

qarTveli RvTismsaxuri yofiliyo eklesiebsa da monastrebSi.

aleqsandre tormasovi cdilobda, rogorme daeGqarebina anton

II-is peterburgSi gamgzavreba, Gqarobdnen saimperatoro karzec

da uwmides sinodSic. 1810 wlis 29 ivliss saqarTvelos

mTavarsardali uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre

golicins moaxsenebda: anton II-is peterburgSi gamgzavrebis

xarjebi (5.000 maneTi) ukve gamovyavio. amave dros aleqsandre

tormasovi ober-prokurors sTxovda, gaego imperatoris azri

58

kaTolikos-patriarqis naTesavebis mier aRebuli valebis

saxelmwifo xazinidan dafarvis Taobaze, romelzec

pasuxismgebloba anton II-s hqonda nakisri (Акты, IV, стр. 155).

moulodnelad kaTolikos-patriarqis peterburgSi gamgzavreba

Seferxda. mizezi seriozuli iyo. 1810 wlis 20 agvistos

generalma aleqsandre tormasovma saqarTvelos mmarTvel

general Tevdore axverdovs SemaSfoTebeli ambavi auwya.

saqarTvelos mTavarsardali werda:

1. levan batoniSvilma oseTidan Tavisi kacebi gagzavna aragvis

xeobaSi, raTa ruseTSi mimavali kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II

gaitacon.

2. Seqmnili viTarebidan gamomdinare, Tevdore axverdovs

ganuwyvetliv unda edevnebina Tvalyuri kaTolikos-patriarqis

garemocvisaTvis da TviT anton II-Tvis.

3. kaTolikos-patriarqis gamgzavreba ramdenime xniT gadaidos,

radgan aucilebelia misi Tanmxlebi (gamcilebeli) Zlieri

razmis gamoyofa.

4. Tu kaTolikos-patriarqi moiTxovs gamgzavrebis daGqarebas,

amiT is daadasturebs, rom moqmedebs levan batoniSvilTan

SeTanxmebiT.

5. kaTolikos-patriarqisaTvis unda ecnobebinaT, rom

gamgzavrebamde aucilebeli iyo kacis gagzavna da Tbilisidan

mozdokamde mTel gzaze winaswar Tadarigis daWera (cxenebis

momzadeba), aseve gamcilebelTa Zlieri razmis momzadeba.

yovelive amas garkveuli dro dasWirdeboda. gamgzavreba

SesaZlebeli iqneboda mas Semdeg, rac Tbilisidan gagzavnili

kaci dabrundeboda, anu daaxloebiT erTi kviris Semdeg.

6. aragvis xeobis osebSi, da saerTod mTianeTSi, unda

gaigzavnos kacebi da dadgindes, marTala iyvnen Tu ara Gamosuli

59

levan batoniSvilis kacebi, rogor Sexvdnen maT da SeiZleba Tu

ara levan batoniSvilis kacebis Sepyroba (Акты, IV, стр. 155-156).

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is garSemo viTareba sul ufro

iZabeboda. 1810 wlis 27 agvistos saqarTvelos mmarTvelma

Tevdore axverdovma aleqsandre tormasovs werili gaugzavna.

werilidan irkveva:

1. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m daapatimrebina da

sapyrobileSi Gaasmevina beri serapioni. bers braldebad wauyenes

kaTolikos-patriarqis dasmena, TiTqos anton II-m monawileoba

miiRo TbilisSi patimrobaSi myofi imereTis mefis solomon II-is

gaqcevis organizebaSi.

2. serapion berTan erTad kaTolikos-patriarqi dausmenia

arqimandrit dionises.

3. Tevdore axverdovs kaTolikos-patriarqisaTvis uTxovia,

dasmenisaTvis ar mieqcia seriozuli yuradReba.

4. kaTolikos-patriarqi dainteresebulia, Zirfesvianad

gamoiZios yvelaferi da ganzraxuli aqvs, serapion beris saqme

gadasces saeklesio sasamarTlos.

5. anton II serapion beris dakiTxvas imitom iTxovs, rom

eWvobs, damsmenebis ukan mitropoliti arseni xom ar dgas.

6. anton II arqimandrit dionises dasmenam imdenad SeaZrwuna,

rom cremlebi ver Seikava (Акты, IV, стр. 156).

saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavrobis prokuror plaxotinis 1810

wlis 23 ivlisis moxsenebis Sinaarsi cnobili gaxda kaTolikos-

patriarq anton II-Tvis. 1810 wlis 16 seqtembers anton II

aleqsandre tormasovs werda, rom prokurori cru dasmenebs

emyareboda. Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqi wers, rom saeklesio

mamulebis boZebisas igi xelmZRvanelobda im wesiT, romelic

saqarTveloSi 1400 welia arsebobs. bolos anton II dasZenda, rom

60

mas aleqsandre I-ma uboZa `umaRlesi werili~ („Высочайшее

письмо“), romelic adasturebda, rom kaTolikos-patriarqi

rGeboda Zvel uflebebSi (Акты, IV, стр. 157). anton II-m aleqsandre

tormasovisadmi gagzavnil werils Tan daurTo asli aleqsandre

I-is mier boZebuli dokumentisa. es dokumenti asea

dasaTaurebuli: „Высочайшая грамота католикосу Антонию, от 31-го

декабря 1801 года. – С.-Петербург.“ `umaRlesi sigeli~ marTlac adas-

turebda, rom kaTolikos-patriarqi Zvel uflebebSi rGeboda da

misi iurisdiqcia ar izRudeboda (Акты, IV, стр. 157).

saeklesio qonebis sakiTxi aqtualobas ar kargavda. 1810 wlis

25 seqtembers aleqsandre tormasovs peterburgidan acnobes, rom

sapatriarqos Semosavlebidan anton II sarGos aRar miiRebda.

kaTolikos-patriarqs eniSneboda sarGo saqarTvelos

Semosavlebidan _ 2.675 vercxlis maneTi wliurad (Акты, IV, стр.

157).

peterburgSi aleqsandre tormasovs mouwones anton II-is mier

ruseTSi gamgzavrebis win saeklesio qonebis gasxvisebis

aRkveTisa da qonebis ukan dabrunebis mizniT gaweuli muSaoba.

1810 wlis 28 seqtembers uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurori

aleqsandre golicini aleqsandre tormasovs acnobebda, rom

saeklesio qonebis dacvis mizniT mis mier gaweuli muSaoba

imperatorma sworad miiGnia. amasTan erTad uwmidesi sinodis

ober-prokurori saqarTvelos mTavarsardals acnobebda, rom

sinodSi ar aqvT cnobebi (masala) qarTveli samRvdeloebis

Taobaze. aleqsandre golicini aleqsandre tormasovs sTxovda,

dakavSireboda TbilisSi myof arqiepiskopos varlams da masTan

erTad SeemuSavebina azri qarTveli samRvdeloebis marTva-

gamgeobis Taobaze (Акты, IV, стр. 157-158).

61

mitropolit arsenis saqme rusebis xelSi kaTolikos-patriarq

anton II-ze zegavlenis moxdenis saSualebad iqca. peterburgSi

da TbilisSi kargad uwyodnen mtyuan-marTali, magram saboloo

msjavris gamotanas ar Gqarobdnen. 1810 wlis 20 oqtombers

saqarTvelos mTavarsardali generali aleqsandre tormasovi

ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre

golicins werda, rom man Seiswavla peterburgidan misTvis

gadagzavnili mitropolit arsenis saGivrebi, dawerili pirveli

imperatoris, xolo meore _ uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuroris

saxelze. mitropoliti arseni brals sdebda kaTolikos-patriarq

anton II-s imaSi, rom man arqiepiskopos varlamTan, saqarTvelos

mmarTvel general Tevdore axverdovTan da Tbilisis keTilSo-

bilTa saswavleblis yofil direqtorTan, dekanoz aleqsi

petriaSvilTan erTad gadawyvita misi Tbilisis eparqiidan

gaZeveba da eparqiis mmarTvel ierarqad aleqsi petriaSvilis

dadgena. aleqsandre tormasovi ober-prokurors acnobebda, rom

mitropolitma arsenma piradad mas cili daswama, rom TiTqos

kaTolikos-patriarqis anton II-is TxovniT Tbileli

mitropolitis eparqiidan gadayvanis gadawyvetilebis Taobaze

imperatorisaTvis wardgineba gaekeTebinos (Акты, IV, стр. 158). am

Sesavlis Semdeg aleqsandre tormasovi aleqsandre golicins

moaxsenebda saqmis arsis Taobaze, saidanac irkveva:

1. mitropolit arsenis saqmeSi piradad miukerZoebeli iyo da

yovelTvis simarTlis dadgenas cdilobda.

2. mas Semdeg, rac kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m TbilisSi

sasuliero dikasteriis Seqmnas dauWira mxari, mitropoliti

cdilobda, ar daqvemdebareboda dikasterias. man iTxova, rom

Tbilisis sionis sakaTedro taZris Semosavlebi saxelmwifo

62

xazinaSi Seetana. Semosavlebis ganawilebis sakiTxi iyo anton II-

isa da mitropolit arsenis dapirispirebis mTavari mizezi.

3. 1809 wlis 12 dekembers, imperatoris dabadebis dRes, saRvTo

liturgiis dros sionis taZarSi moxda incindenti (al.

tormasovi gulisxmobs mitropolit arsenis mier sakurTxevlidan

dekanoz aleqsi petriaSvilis lanZRviT gaZevebas _ v. g.).

4. incindentis Semdeg ramdenime RvTismsaxurma mitropolit

arsens kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-Tan uGivla da brali dasdo

mitropolits sionis taZris Semosavlebis miTvisebaSi.

5. anton II-s TxovniT miumarTavs aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis,

raTa mxari daeWira Tbilisis eparqiidan mitropolit arsenis

gadayvanisaTvis. aleqsandre tormasovs anton II-Tvis urGevia: a)

mitropolit arsenis mier sionis taZris Semosavlebis miTvisebis

sakiTxi safuZvlianad SeeswavlaT, b) Tu dadasturdeboda, rom

mitropoliti marTlac iTvisebda taZris Semosavlebs, ar mieRoT

gadamWreli zomebi, pativi ecaT mRvdelmTavris RirsebisaTvis da

moefiqrebinaT sionis taZris Semosavlis aRricxvisa da

kontrolis iseTi meqanizmi, romelic ar Seuracxyofda

mitropolit arsens.

6. saqarTvelos mTavarsardali aleqsandre tormasovi, Tavisi

mdgomareobidan gamomdinare, ar SeiZleboda Gareuliyo

mitropolit arsenis saqmis Ziebisa da msjavris gamotanis

procesSi. igi cdilobda, kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-sa da

Tbilel mitropolits Soris dapirispireba da mtroba moespo.

imavdroulad mTavarsardali saqarTvelos mmarTvel general

Tevdore axverdovis meSveobiT cdilobda daecva saeklesio

Semosavlebi.

7. mitropolitma arsenma saqarTvelos mTavarsardalTan

iGivla, romlis arsi SemdegSi mdgomareobda: anton II-m Tavisi

63

momxre mRvdelmTavrebidan Seqmna saeklesio sasamarTlo, romlis

wevrebmac Seuracxyofa miayenes mitropolits.

8. aleqsandre tormasovma mitropolit arsenis saGivris

miRebis Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarqs sTxova, daeGqarebina

saeklesio sasamarTlos mier ganaGenis gamotana, raTa ganaGeni

droulad yofiliyo imperatorisaTvis dasamtkiceblad

wardgenili.

9. saeklesio sasamarTlom mitropolit arsenis saqmeze

Semdegi Sinaarsis ganaGeni gamoitana: a) mitropoliti arseni

gadayenebuli iqnas Tbilisis eparqiis mRvdelmTavrobidan, b)

gaemgzavros arseni erT-erT Soreul monasterSi da daeniSnos

mas sarGo Tbilisis eparqiis Semosavlebidan, g) monasterSi

gamgzavrebamde arseni ganyenebul iqnas mRvdelmsaxurebidan.

saeklesio sasamarTlos ganaGeni aleqsandre tormasovma 1810

wlis 16 marts ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-proku-

rors gaugzavna.

10. kaTolikos-patriarqma anton II-m aleqsandre tormasovs

SesTavaza sionis taZris Semosavlebi GaebarebinaT dekanoz ioseb

miqaZe-falavandiSvilisaTvis. generals Tavi Seukavebia saeklesio

saqmeebSi Garevisagan da kaTolikos-patriarqisaTvis urGevia

piradad gadaewyvita es sakiTxi. radgan saqme saeklesio

Semosavlebis dacvas exeboda, aleqsandre tormasovs

saqarTvelos mmarTvelisaTvis, general Tevdore axverdovisaTvis,

dauvalebia mieRo Sesabamisi zomebi.

11. mitropoliti arseni cruobda, roca amtkicebda, rom

Tbilisis sionis taZari man gaamSveniera. taZris rekonstruqcia

ganaxorciela saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma pavle cicianovma,

xolo taZari moirTo imperatoris mier gamoyofili saxsrebiT.

64

12. mitropolit arsens aleqsandre tormasovisaTvis

miurTmevia saGivari, romlis arsi SemdegSi mdgomareobda:

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s sionis sakaTedro taZarSi saRvTo

liturgiis dawyebis win ambionidan unebebia imisi gancxadeba,

rom saeklesio sasamarTlos ganGinebiT mitropoliti arseni

gadayenebuli iyo Tbilisis eparqiis mRvdelmTavrobidan da

akrZaluli hqonda taZarSi msaxureba.

13. mitropolit arsens miumarTavs saqarTvelos mmarTvel

general Tevdore axverdovisaTvis, raTa am ukanasknels anton II-

Tan gaerkvia, Tu ratom gamoacxada man sionis taZarSi saeklesio

sasamarTlos ganGineba manam, sanam ganGinebas imperatori

daamtkicebda. anton II-is pasuxi aseTi yofila: mitropolitma

arsenma daarRvia wmida mociqulTa kanonebi da msoflios Svidi

saeklesio krebis dadgenilebebi, ris gamoc igi ganyenebuli iqna

RvTismsaxurebidan (Акты, IV, стр. 158-160).

dasasrul, aleqsandre tormasovi werda, rom mitropolit

arsenis saqmis Sesaxeb igi elodeba uwmidesi sinodis

gadawyvetilebas da imperatoris brZanebas (Акты, IV, стр. 160).

kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is peterburgSi gamgzavreba,

romelic 1810 wels ramdenjerme gadaido, mainc gardauvali

aRmoGnda. 1810 wlis 9 noembers saqarTvelos mmarTveli generali

Tevdore axverdovi saqarTvelos mTavarsardal general

aleqsandre tormasovs moaxsenebda: kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II

1810 wlis 3 noembers Tbilisidan peterburgs gaemgzavra. igi 9

noembramde mcxeTSi SeGerda da amjerad emzadeba gzis ga-

sagrZeleblado. kaTolikos-patriarqs kobamde gaacilebda

kazakTa polkis 16 jariskaci oficris meTaurobiT, kobidan

vladikavkazamde (xevis gavliT ki) _ kazakTa aseuli (Акты, IV,

стр. 160-161).

65

kaTolikos-patriarqi anton II, mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo

taxtis mpyrobeli da uZvelesi avtokefaluri samociqulo

marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mamamTavari, ruseTSi gaemgzavra

sasuliero dikasteriis daarsebasTan dakavSirebiT. es iyo

formaluri sababi anton II-is Tbilisidan gawvevisaTvis.

peterburgSi ukve gadawyvetili iyo mcxeTis sapatriarqos

gauqmeba. anton II samSobloSi dabrunebas veRar eRirsa, igi

ruseTSive aResrula.

kaTolikos-patriarqis anton II-is peterburgSi gamgzavrebis

Semdeg TbilisSi sasuliero dikasteriis daarsebis saqme

daGqarebuli tempiT wavida win. amieridan Tbilissa da yofili

qarTl-kaxeTis samefos mTel teritoriaze upirvelesi saeklesio

ierarqis funqcia ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis wevrs, arqi-

episkopos varlams daekisra. 1810 wlis 13 dekembers aleqsandre

tormasovi arqiepiskopos varlams sTxovda, gaego qarTveli

samRvdloebis azri axali sasuliero mmarTvelobis Taobaze

(Акты, IV, стр. 161). saqarTvelos mTavarsardali yvela

mniSvnelovan sakiTxze arqiepiskopos varlams eTaTbireboda.

Tbilisis qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiaSi RvTismsaxurebis

rusul enaze dawyebis Semdeg qarTvel da rus samRvdeloebas

Soris bevrjer Seiqmna konfliqturi viTareba. 1811 wlis 12

Tebervals aleqsandre tormasovi arqiepiskopos varlams werda,

rom qaSveTis eklesiis dekanozma petrem da mRvdelma pavlem

masTan uCivles xersonis grenaderTa polkis moZRvar petres,

romelic eklesiidan qarTveli samRvdeloebis gaZevebas eswrafo-

da. rogorc aleqsandre tormasovis werilidan GCans, adre

miRweuli SeTanxmeba qaSveTis eklesiaSi qarTveli da rusi

samRvdeloebis erTdroulad msaxurebis Taobaze mas ukve aRar

akmayofilebda. generali werda: me vecade, konfliqti

66

momegvarebina da dekanoz petres da mRvdel pavlesaTvis qaSveTis

eklesiaSi rusi moZRvris msaxurebis dawyebis Semdeg

Semcirebuli Semosavali fuladi kompensaciiT amenazRaurebina.

rogorc irkveva, qaSveTis moZRvrebs amaze uari ganucxadebiaT da

eklesiaSi rusul enaze RvTismsaxurebis Sewyveta mouTxoviaT

(Акты, IV, стр. 161). aleqsandre tormasovi arqiepiskopos varlams

werda: qaSveTis eklesiaSi RvTismsaxurebis rusul enaze Sewyveta

ar SeiZleba, Tundac imitom, rom es eklesia Gems saxlTan

axlosaao. generali arqiepiskoposs sTxovda, dekanozi petre da

mRvdeli pavle qaSveTis wm. giorgis eklesiidan sxva eklesiaSi

gadaiyvaneo (Акты, IV, стр. 161).

1811 wlis 18 Tebervals aleqsandre tormasovma ruseTis

eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors warudgina vrceli

moxseneba TbilisSi sasuliero dikasteriis daarsebis Taobaze.

moxsenebidan irkveva, rom dikasteriis Seqmnis proeqti

arqiepiskopos varlams Seudgenia, romelic am droisaTvis

oficialurad iwodeboda `sasuliero nawilis Tavmjdomared~.

arqiepiskopos varlamis proeqtSi gaTvaliswinebuli iyo aleq-

sandre tormasovis mosazrebebic. moxsenebis mixedviT proeqtis

Sinaarsi aseTi iyo:

pirveli. yofili qarTl-kaxeTis samefos teritoriaze

(aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi) arsebuli 13 eparqiidan unda

darGeniliyo 2 eparqia: mcxeTisa, anu qarTlisa da alaverdisa,

anu kaxeTisa.

meore. 9 saarqimandritodan unda darGeniliyo 5 saar-

qimandrito.

mesame. sasuliero dikasteriis Seqmnamde eklesiebisa da

samRvdeloebis ricxvi ar unda Semcirebuliyo. Semcireba unda

dawyebuliyo dikasteriis Seqmnis Semdeg. zogierTi eklesia

67

daixureboda da, Sesabamisad, Semcirdeboda samRvdeloebis

ricxvic. Semcirebul mRvdlebs wodebis mixedviT miecemodaT

sarGo da Semdeg isini dainiSnebodnen dikasteriis Sexedulebis

mixedviT. gardacvlili mRvdlebis adgils daikavebdnen is

mRvdlebi, romlebic eklesiebis daxurvis Semdeg samwysos gareSe

darGebodnen.

meoTxe. saeklesio gadasaxadebis naturiT (xorbliT, RviniT,

xiliT da a. S.) gadasaxadis aReba rTuli iyo, amitomac naturiT

gadasaxadi Seicvleboda fuladi gadasaxadiT. eparqiis mmarTvel

ierarqebsa da arqimandritebs sasuliero dikasteriaSi

gadasaxadi fulis saxiT unda SeetanaT.

mexuTe. saeklesio glexebs xazinis gadasaxadi unda ga-

daexadaT sursaTiT _ erT komlze 3 kodi xorbali, an fuliT _

erTi kodi xorblis sanacvlod erTi maneTi.

meeqvse. sasuliero dikasteriis wevrebi unda yofiliyvnen:

qarTlidan: qvaTaxevis monastris arqimandriti dosiTeozi da

ikorTis monastris arqimandriti gamaliila (romelic imxanad

ukve gadayvanili iyo bodbis monastris arqimandritad);

kaxeTidan: arqimandriti elefTeri, mcxeTis sveticxovlis taZris

dekanozi ioane maRalaSvili, dekanozi ioseb winamZRvriSvili da

dekanozi dimitri aleqsiSvili.

meSvide. saqarTvelos kaTolikosebi bizantiis imperatoris

mier iyvnen dadgenilni da maT damoukideblobas (avtokefalias _

v. g.) aRiarebdnen msoflio patriarqebi. amis gamo pativiscemis

niSnad mcxeTis, anu qarTlis eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris

wodeba aseTi iqneboda: `mitropoliti mcxeTisa da qarTlisa da

uwmidesi sinodis egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~. igi daeqvemde-

bareboda ruseTis eklesiis uwmides sinods da sinodidan

miiRebda gankargulebas (Акты, IV, стр. 162).

68

dikasteriis proeqtis wardgenis Semdeg Tavis moxsenebaSi

aleqsandre tormasovi uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors werda,

rom kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s ar ZaluZda sasuliero

mmarTvelobis axali sistemis Gamoyalibeba da sasuliero uwyebis

(dikasteriis) xelmZRvaneloba. saqarTvelos mTavarsardali

aleqsandre golicins acnobebda, rom misi azriT `saqarTveloSi

uwmidesi sinodis egzarqosis, mcxeTisa da qarTlis mitropo-

litis~ adgili unda daekavebina uwmidesi sinodis wevrs,

arqiepiskopos varlams (erisTavs), xolo alaverdis, anu kaxeTis

eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari unda gamxdariyo bodbis

eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari mitropoliti ioane (Акты, IV,

стр. 162).

aleqsandre tormasovi Tavis moxsenebaSi Seexo ruseTSi myofi

kaTolikos-patriarqis anton II-is sarGos sakiTxs. generali

uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors acnobebda, rom anton II-m

sapatriarqos Semosavlebidan 1808 wels miiRo 2.300 vercxlis

maneTi, xolo 1810 wels saqarTvelos Semosavlebidan imperatoris

brZanebiT miiRo 2.675 vercxlis maneTi. aleqsandre tormasovi

Suamdgomlobda, raTa anton II-s, Tu igi ruseTSi darGeboda,

saqarTvelos Semosavlebidan gardacvalebamde yovelwliurad

mieRo 6.000 maneTi pensiis saxiT. samagierod, anton II-s aranairi

ufleba aRar unda hqonoda sasuliero dikasteriis (yofili

sapatriarqos) Semosavlebze (Акты, IV, стр. 163).

aleqsandre tormasovi uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuroris

winaSe ayenebda kidev erT sakiTxs. saeklesio aznaurebi,

romlebic eparqiebsa da monastrebs ekuTvnodnen, dRemde

asruleben saeklesio mamulebis mouravebis (mmarTvelebis)

funqcias. am mouravebma eparqiis mmarTvel mRvdelmTavrebTan

erTad gaZarcves saeklesio mamulebi. qarTuli kanonebi ar

69

iTvaliswinebs eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrebis mier mefis

Tanxmobis gareSe saeklesio glexebisa da mamulebis gasxvisebas

(boZebas). arqiepiskopos varlamis mosazrebis safuZvelze

aleqsandre tormasovi uwmides sinods sTavazobda: yofili

qarTl-kaxeTis samefos teritoriaze rusuli mmarTvelobis

SemoRebamde (saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavrobis Seqmnamde _ v. g.)

eparqiebis mflobelobaSi arsebuli mamulebi darGes eklesiis

mflobelobaSi, xolo saeklesio aznaurebi da glexebi

mamulebiTurT gadaeces saxelmwifo xazinas (Акты, IV, стр. 163).

aleqsandre tormasovi uwmidesi sinodis winaSe ayenebda

TbilisSi samRvdeloTa da Tavadaznaurobis SvilTaTvis

gimnaziis gaxsnis sakiTxs. gimnazia 60 moswavleze unda yofiliyo

gaTvaliswinebuli. aleqsandre tormasovis azriT, gimnaziaSi

ganswavluli samRvdeloeba SeiZleboda gamoeyenebinaT Grdilo

kavkasiis xalxebis qristianobaze mosaqcevad. aleqsandre

tormasovi aseve ayenebda samazro saswavleblebis daarsebis

sakiTxs, sadac samRvdeloebis SvilebTan erTad iswavlidnen Ra-

ribi Tavadaznaurebisa da dabali socialuri fenebidan ga-

mosulebic. samazro saswavleblebSi unda eswavlebinaT rusuli

da qarTuli enebi, aseve ariTmetika. samazro saswavleblebSi

aRzrdili Tavadaznaurebis Svilebs SesaZlebloba eqnebodaT,

swavla gaegrZelebinaT Tbilisis keTilSobilTa samxedro

saswavlebelSi, xolo samRvdeloebis Svilebs _ gimnaziaSi


moxsenebaSi aleqsandre tormasovi mRvdlebisa da diakvnebis

qvrivebisa da SvilebisaTvis materialuri daxmarebis sakiTxsac

ayenebda. daxmarebisaTvis saWiro finansebis gankargva unda

moexdinaT saqarTvelos mTavarsardalsa da sasuliero

70

dikasterias. daxmareba ar miecemodaT im qvrivebsa da bavSvebs,

romelTac sakmarisi Semosavali hqondaT (Акты, IV, стр. 163-164).

moxsenebis dasasruls saqarTvelos mTavarsardali mad-

lierebiT ixseniebda sasuliero nawilis mmarTvels, ar-

qiepiskopos varlams da imeds gamoTqvamda, rom sasuliero

dikasteriis Seqmnis Semdeg qarTveli samRvdeloebis mdgomareoba

gaumjobesdeboda (Акты, IV, стр. 164).

moxsenebas aleqsandre tormasovma daurTo „Список епархиям, в

Грузии ныне состоящим, с показанием сколько каждой принадлежит дворов

крестьян“ (Акты, IV, стр. 164-165). moviyvanT zogierT masalas am

dokumentidan: mcxeTis eparqias ekuTvnoda 615 komli, Tbilisis

sionis sakaTedro taZars _ 24, samTavros eparqias _ 35, ruisis

eparqias _ 96, wilknis eparqias _ 20, samTavisis eparqias _ 30,

urbnisisa da niqozis eparqias _ 70, alaverdis eparqias _ 342,

ninowmindis eparqias _ 113, rusTavis eparqias _ 58, nekresis

eparqias _ 86, bodbis eparqias _ 729. sul qarTlisa da kaxeTis

teritoriaze arsebul 13 eparqias ekuTvnoda 2.218 komli glexi


meore danarTis _ „Список архимандритам, в Грузии ныне

состоящим, с показанием сколько каждой принадлежит дворов крестьян“ _

mixedviT sul arsebobda 9 saarqimandrito, romlebic flobdnen

637 koml glexs. komlebis raodenoba saarqimandritoebze ase

nawildeboda: qvabTaxevis _ 105, mRvimevis _ 27, ikorTis _ 16,

kaxeTis _ 122, daviT garejis _ 153, ioane naTlismcemlis _ 106,

SuamTis _ 65, largvisis _ 40, Tiris _ 3 (Акты, IV, стр. 164).

kidev erT danarTSi warmodgenilia eparqiebis wliuri

Semosavali. mcxeTis eparqiis Semosavali Seadgenda 9.560 maneTs,

sionis sakaTedro taZrisa _ 2.500 maneTs, samTavros eparqiisa _

71

500 maneTs, ruisis eparqiisa _ 1.500 maneTs, wilknis eparqiisa _

1.000 maneTs, samTavisis eparqiisa _ 600 maneTs, urbnisisa da

niqozis eparqiisa _ 300 maneTs. es Semosavali Semdegnairad unda

gankarguliyo: umaRles sasuliero xelisufals _ 5000 maneTi, sa-

suliero dikasterias _ 1.500 maneTi, gimnazias _ 1.500 maneTi,

sionis sakaTedro taZris samreklos asagebad _ 1.000 maneTi,

eklesiis Sesanaxad _ 560 maneTi. amrigad, sul gamiznuli iyo

9.560 maneTis daxarjva (Акты, IV, стр. 164). mitropolit

arsenisaTvis gardacvalebamde yovelwliurad pensiis saxiT unda

miecaT 1.000 maneTi (Акты, IV, стр. 164).

metad sainteresoa aleqsandre tormasovis moxsenebis kidev

erTi danarTi _ „Список, сколько находиться где церквей, архиереев,

священников, дьяконов и церковников“ (Акты, IV, стр. 165). am danarTis

mixedviT: 1) mcxeTis eparqiaSi iyo erTi mRvdelmTavari, 122

eklesia, 133 mRvdeli, 20 diakoni, 118 eklesiis msaxuri; 2)

Tbilisis eparqiaSi: erTi mRvdelmTavari, 12 eklesia, 25 mRvdeli,

4 diakoni da 20 eklesiis msaxuri; 3) samTavros eparqiaSi: erTi

mRvdelmTavari, 82 eklesia, 60 mRvdeli, 8 diakoni da 70 eklesiis

msaxuri; 4) ruisis eparqiaSi: mRvdelmTavari ar iyo, 52 eklesia,

42 mRvdeli, 4 diakoni, 42 eklesiis msaxuri; 5) wilknis eparqiaSi:

erTi mRvdelmTavari, 80 eklesia, 75 mRvdeli, 11 diakoni, 45

eklesiis msaxuri; 6) samTavisis eparqiaSi: mRvdelmTavari ar iyo,

44 eklesia, 23 mRvdeli, 5 diakoni, 16 eklesiis msaxuri; 7) urbni-

sis eparqiaSi: mRvdelmTavari ar iyo, 40 eklesia, 40 mRvdeli, 6

diakoni, 38 eklesiis msaxuri; 8) niqozis eparqiaSi: mRvdelmTavari

ar iyo, 11 eklesia, 10 mRvdeli, 3 diakoni, 7 eklesiis msaxuri; 9)

bodbis eparqiaSi: erTi mRvdelmTavari, 100 eklesia, 116 mRvdeli,

32 diakoni, 88 eklesiis msaxuri; 10) alaverdis eparqiaSi: mRvdel-

mTavari ar iyo, 113 eklesia, 84 mRvdeli, 20 diakoni, 84 eklesiis

72

msaxuri; 11) ninowmindis eparqiaSi: erTi mRvdelmTavari, 67

eklesia, 66 mRvdeli, 9 diakoni, 68 eklesiis msaxuri; 12) rusTavis

eparqiaSi: mRvdelmTavari ar iyo, 20 eklesia, 23 mRvdeli, 7

diakoni, 23 eklesiis msaxuri; 13) nekresis eparqiaSi: erTi

mRvdelmTavari, 56 eklesia, 49 mRvdeli, 17 diakoni, 42 eklesiis

msaxuri. sul 1811 wlis 18 TebervlisaTvis qarTl-kaxeTis yofili

samefos teritoriaze (aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi) 13 eparqiaSi

iyo 7 mRvdelmTavari, 799 eklesia, 746 mRvdeli, 146 diakoni da 661

eklesiis msaxuri (Акты, IV, стр. 165; mitropoliti anania

jafariZe. saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria. 2009, gv.

1095). 13 eparqiis teritoriaze arsebul monastrebSi 75 beri iyo


kidev erT danarTSi GamoTvlilia im saeklesio aznaurebis

gvarebi, romlebic saxelmwifo xazinis mflobelobaSi unda

gadasuliyvnen TavianTi glexebianad. eseni arian (gvarebs

moviyvanT dednis mixedviT): qarTlSi _ Магалов, Гедеванов, Карсидзе,

Элиозов, Квалиев, Тазиев, Кадагов, Зумбулидзе, Кавриев, Тухарели,

Бочорадзе, Ананиев, Мамацов (es aznaurebi sul 193 koml glexs

flobdnen); kaxeTSi _ Гараканидзе, Мицоблидзе, Гижимкрели, Сулханов,

Андроников, Абелов, Мгалобелов, Иерамов, Таниев, Нацвалов, Деканозов,

Шатберов (es aznaurebi sul 470 koml glexs flobdnen) (Акты, IV,

стр. 165).

qarTl-kaxeTis yofili samefos teritoriaze arsebuli

eklesiebis, monastrebis, Savi da TeTri samRvdeloebis

raodenobis dadgenis, aseve saeklesio Semosavlebis garkvevis

Semdeg 1811 wlis 21 ivniss ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesma sinodma

`uqveSemrdomilesi moxseneba~ warudgina ruseTis imperator

aleqsandre I-s. 1811 wlis 30 ivniss imperatorma moxseneba

73

daamtkica. dedanze imperatoris xeliT gakeTebulia aseTi

rezolucia: „Быть по сему. Александр“ (Акты, IV, стр. 166-169). am

dokumentma gadawyvita mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo taxtis,

uZvelesi samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis kaTolikos-

patriarq anton II-is bedi (mitropoliti anania jafariZe.

saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria. Tbilisi, 2009, gv.

1095; eldar bubulaSvili. saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi

anton meore. Tbilisi, 2002, gv. 72-74). amis gamo SevecdebiT

dokumentis Sinaarsi dawvrilebiT warmovadginoT. imperatoris

mier damtkicebuli uwmidesi sinodis moxseneba aseTi Sinaarsisaa:

I. 1783 wels qarTl-kaxeTis mefem erekle II-m cno ruseTis

imperiis uzenaesi xelisufleba da qveSevrdomoba. xelSekrulebis

(georgievskis traqtatis _ v. g.) merve muxlis mixedviT or

saxelmwifos eklesiaTa Soris urTierTobis Taobaze calke

xelSekruleba unda dadebuliyo.

II. 1801 wlis ganmavlobaSi gamoica ori manifesti: pirveli – 18

ianvars, romlis mixedviTac qarTl-kaxeTis samefo uerTdeboda

ruseTis imperias, meore _ 12 seqtembers, romelsac Tan axlda

dadgenileba qarTl-kaxeTis mmarTvelobis mowyobis Taobaze.

general karl knorings daevala mxaris sasuliero cxovrebis

wesrigSi moyvana.

III. uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurorma aleqsandre golicinma

saqarTveloSi myofi sinodis wevris, arqiepiskopos varlamisa da

mTavarsardal aleqsandre tormasovis meSveobiT miiRo cnobebi

qarTveli samRvdeloebis mdgomareobis Taobaze. am cnobebidan

dgindeba, rom qarTlisa da kaxeTis 13 eparqiaSi 7 mRvdelmTavari,

799 eklesia, 746 mRvdeli, 146 diakoni da 661 eklesiis msaxuri, 9

saarqimandrito, 6 arqimandriti da 75 beria. 13 eparqiaSi 2.213

74

komli saeklesio glexia, xolo 9 saarqimandritoSi _ 637 komli.

saeklesio aznaurebi 470 koml saeklesio glexs floben.

IV. mRvdelmTavrebi saeklesio Semosavlebis Taobaze aravis

aranair angariSs ar abareben, Semosavlebis Taobaze maT aranairi

cnobebi ar gaaGniaT, saeklesio SemosavlebiT sargebloben

yovelgvari wesis gareSe. arqiepiskopos varlamis

gamoangariSebiT, eparqiebis Semosavali unda udrides 26.360

maneTs, saarqimandritoebisa _ 13.224 maneTs.

V. arqiepiskoposi varlami gvTavazobs Semdegs:

1) 13 eparqiidan darGes mxolod ori: mcxeTis, anu qarTlisa

da alaverdis, anu kaxeTisa.

2) mcxeTisa da qarTlis mRvdelmTavari, rogorc qarTveli

samRvdeloebis upirvelesi ierarqi, iwodeba ase: `mitropoliti

mcxeTisa da qarTlisa, sinodis egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~.

3) 9 saarqimandritodan darGes 5 saarqimandrito.

4) daarsdes dikasteria, romlis wevrebi iqnebian ara mRvdel-

mTavrebi, aramed arqimandritebi da dekanozebi. dikasteria

eparqiebidan da saarqimandritoebidan miiRebs yvela aucilebel

cnobas, romelic Seexeba: a) zedmeti eklesiebis daxurvas,

daxuruli eklesiebis RvTismsaxurebis sxva eklesiebSi

gadayvanas, RvTismsaxurebisaTvis xarisxis miniWebas, saeklesio

Semosavlebs; b) saeklesio glexebidan gadasaxadebis akrefis

mowesrigebas, Semosavlisa da gasavlis aRricxvas, gimnaziis Se-

naxvas, saswavleblebisa da mowyalebis saxlebis Senaxvas; g)

naturiT miRebuli gadasaxadebis fulze gadayvanas.

5) samRvdeloebis SvilebisaTvis ganaTlebis misacemad

TbilisSi unda daarsdes gimnazia (pirvel xanebSi 60 mos-

wavlisaTvis), xoli mazrebSi _ samazro saswavleblebi.

75

ganaTlebuli qarTveli samRvdeloeba gamoyenebuli unda iqnes

Grdilo kavkasiis mosaxleobis gasaqristianeblad.

6) saeklesio glexebisagan miRebuli Semosavali ase unda

ganawildes: mcxeTisa da qarTlis mRvdelmTavars _ 5.000 maneTi,

wilknis eparqiis mRvdelmTavar gervasis _ 1.000 maneTi, bodbis

eparqiis mRvdelmTavar ioanes da alaverdis eparqiis

mRvdelmTavars (imJamad kaTedra vakanturi iyo _ v. g.) _ 2.500

maneTi, sasuliero dikasterias _ 1.500 maneTi, gimnazias _ 3.400

maneTi, samazro saswavleblebs _ 2.000 maneTi, oTx adgilas

eklesiebisa da samrevloebis mSeneblobis dasrulebisaTvis 3

wlis ganmavlobaSi _ 3.300 maneTi da sxv.

VI. yofili qarTl-kaxeTis samefos teritoriaze rusuli

mmarTvelobis SemoRebamde (saqarTvelos umaRlesi mTavrobis

Seqmnamde) vinc saeklesio aznauris wodebas atarebda

glexebianad gadairicxos saxelmwifo xazinis gamgeblobaSi.

VII. mieces sarGo mRvdlebisa da diakvnebis qvrivebsa da

Svilebs.

VIII. qarTveli samRvdeloebis Txovnis miuxedavad, ar SeiZ-

leba arsebuli mdgomareobis ucvlelad datoveba:

1) ar SeiZleba SenarGundes 13 eparqia.

2) ruseTis msgavsad SemoRebuli unda iqnes sasamarTlo _

konsistoria da sasuliero mmarTveloba, romelic Tvalyurs

adevnebs samRvdeloebas.

3) aucilebelia sasuliero seminariis daarseba, radgan

mRvdlebi unda iyvnen ganaTlebulni da mrevlisaTvis magaliTis

mimcemni.

4) dauSvebelia kerZo pirebze saeklesio mamulebis gasxviseba.

IX. yovelive zemoT Tqmulidan gamomdinare uwmidesi sinodi

miiGnevs:

76

1. 13 eparqiidan Seiqmnas 2 eparqia: a) mcxeTisa da qarTlisa, b)

alaverdisa da kaxeTisa; g) 9 saarqimandritodan Seiqmnas 5

saarqimandrito.

2. qarTveli samRvdeloebis umaRlesi ierarqi iqneba mcxeTisa

da qarTlis mitropoliti, romelsac yovelTvis eqneba wodeba:

`uwmidesi sinodis egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~.

3. Seiqmnas dikasteria, romelsac saTaveSi Gaudgeba qarTveli

samRvdloebis umaRlesi ierarqi (`mcxeTisa da qarTlis

mitropoliti, uwmidesi sinodis egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~).

dikasteriis xelmZRvanelis (ufrosis) gadawyvetilebiT, samazro

qalaqebSi pirveldawyebiTi sasamarTlo saqmiswarmoebisaTvis

Seiqmnas sasuliero mmarTvelobebi, romlis wevrebi iqnebian

dekanozebi da mRvdlebi. garda amisa, mazrebSi samRvdeloebaze

meTvalyureoba daevalos blaRoGinebs.

4. samRvdeloebis SvilebisaTvis swavla-ganaTlebis misacemad

gimnaziis nacvlad daarsdes sasuliero seminaria. samazro

saswavleblebi gaixsnas mas Semdeg, rac sasuliero seminaria am

saswavleblebisaTvis moamzadebs maswavleblebs.

5. mRvdelmTavrebis, arqimandritebis, sasuliero dikasteriis,

sasuliero seminariis, mRvdlebisa da diakvnebis qvrivebisa da

Svilebis Sesanaxi xarjebi gaRebuli iqneba saeklesio

Semosavlebidan.

6. glexebi, romlebic saeklesio glexebis kategorias

ganekuTvnebodnen qarTl-kaxeTis yofili samefos teritoriaze

rusuli mmarTvelobis SemoRebamde (saqarTvelos umaRlesi

mTavrobis Seqmnamde), darGebian sasuliero uwyebis

daqvemdebarebaSi. rac Seexeba saeklesio aznaurebs, sasuliero

dikasteriis Seqmnis gamo, maTi gamoyeneba saeklesio mamulebis

mouravebad ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli. saeklesio aznaurebis

77

sakiTxs Seiswavlis uwmidesi sinodi da dasamtkiceblad warud-

gens imperators (Акты, IV, стр. 166-169).

aseTia im dokumentis Sinaarsi, romelmac, ruseTis imperiis

interesebidan gamomdinare, gaauqma mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo

taxti da uZvelesi samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis

TviTmwyemsoba (avtokefalia) (mitropoliti anania jafariZe.

saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria. Tbilisi, 2009, gv.

1094-1095).

aTi weli (1801-1811 ww.) amzadebda ruseTis saimperatoro kari

mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqo taxtis, uZvelesi samociqulo


gauqmebas. miuxedavad amisa, gauqmeba moxda sruliad ukanonod,

saeklesio samarTlis uxeSi darRveviT.

qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmeba da misi ruseTis imperiasTan

SeerTeba ar SeiZleba safuZveli gamxdariyo mcxeTis uZvelesi

sapatriarqo taxtisa da uZvelesi samociqulo marTlmadidebeli

eklesiis TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis) gauqmebisa. es

ewinaaRmdegeboda efesos wmida III msoflio saeklesio krebis (431

w.) merve kanons. am kanonis miRebis safuZveli gaxda antioqiis ek-

lesiis mcdeloba, Tavisi iurisdiqciisaTvis daemorGilebina

kviprosis eklesia da, Sesabamisad, kviprosis eklesiisaTvis

GamoerTmia avtokefaluri uflebebi, romelic ZvelTaganve hqonda

miniWebuli. radgan kviprosis eklesia ZvelTaganve

avtokefalurad iyo aRiarebuli, III msoflio saeklesio krebam

daicva kviprosis eklesiis avtokefalia (mitropoliti anania

jafariZe. saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebi. wigni I. Tbilisi, 2003,

gv. 204-205).

78

mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqosa da uZvelesi samociqulo


kanonierad gauqmebisaTvis aucilebeli iyo Semdegi:

pirveli. kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-s unda moewvia

saeklesio kreba, romelsac unda mieRo ganGineba avtokefaluri

uflebebis daTmobisa da avtokefaliis gauqmebis Taobaze. aseTi

saeklesio kreba mowveuli ar yofila.

meore. gauqmebuli mcxeTis sapatriarqos ruseTis eklesiis

iurisdiqciaSi Sesvlaze Tanxmoba unda mieca ruseTis saeklesio

krebas. ruseTSi saeklesio krebas aRar iwvevdnen, xolo uwmidesi

sinodi saeklesio krebas ver Secvlida.

mesame. mcxeTis uZvelesi sapatriarqosa da uZvelesi

samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis avtokefaliis

gauqmebisaTvis aucilebeli iyo konstantinepolis msoflio

patriarqisa da msoflio marTlmadidebeli patriarqebis

(ierusalimis, antioqiis, aleqsandriis) Tanxmoba. aseTi Tanxmoba

ruseTs arc uTxovia da, cxadia, arc miuRia.

4. viTareba mcxeTis sapatriarqos

gauqmebis Semdeg

(1811-1814 ww.)

1801 wlis 12 seqtembers ukanono aqts, romlis ZaliTac

gauqmda qarTl-kaxeTis samefo, 1811 wlis 30 ivniss mohyva meore

ukanono aqti, romlis ZaliTac gauqmda msoflios erT-erTi

uZvelesi sapatriarqo _ mcxeTis sapatriarqo da uZvelesi

samociqulo marTlmadidebeli eklesiis TviTmwyemsoba

(avtokefalia).

79

mcxeTis sapatriarqosa da eklesiis TviTmwyemsobis (avto-

kefaliis) gauqmebis Semdeg yofili qarTl-kaxeTis samefos

teritoriaze umaRlesi saeklesio ierarqi gaxda `mcxeTisa da

qarTlis mitropoliti~, romelic amave dros iyo ruseTis

eklesiis uwmidesi sinodis `egzarqosi saqarTveloSi~. es `pativi~

wilad xvda uwmidesi sinodis wevrs, arqiepiskopos varlams

(erisTavs). swored arqiepiskoposi varlami iyo ruseTis

saeklesio politikis aqtiuri gamtarebeli saqarTveloSi. igi

uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre golicinisa da

saqarTvelos mTavarsardal general aleqsandre tormasovis ndo-

biTa da mxardaWeriT sargeblobda.

mcxeTisa da qarTlis mitropoliti, saqarTvelos egzarqosi

varlami 1811 wlis 30 ivniss imperator aleqsandre I-is brZanebiT

Seqmnili saqarTvelos dikasteriis saTaveSi idga. es iyo

saeklesio saqmeTa marTva-gemgeobis axali organo, romelsac

qarTveli samRvdeloebis bedi unda ganego.

egzarqosi varlami energiulad Seudga dakisrebuli

movaleobis Sesrulebas. egzarqos varlamisaTvis xeli ar

SeuSlia imas, rom misi Tanamoazre saqarTvelos mTavarsardali

generali aleqsandre tormasovi 1811 welsve Tbilisidan

gadaiyvanes. saqarTvelos mTavarsardlad dainiSna general-

leitenanti filip pauluGi (1811-1812), romelic male general-

leitenantma nikoloz rtiSGevma (1812-1816) Secvala.

1811 wlis 19 oqtombers egzarqosi varlami saqarTvelos

mTavarsardal general filip pauluGis werda, rom ukve

dawyebuli iyo rusul enaze saeklesio galobis damkvidrebis

mizniT mgalobelTa gundis Seqmna. es saqme Tavisi iniciativiT

dauwyia yabardos qveiTTa polkis moZRvar mixeil ivanovs.

egzarqosi mixeil ivanovs axasiaTebda, rogorc taxtis erTgul

80

da wesier adamians da misTvis Semweobas sTxovda generals

(Акты, Кавказскою Археографическою Комиисииею. Под редакцией Ад.

Берже. Том. V. Часть I. Тифлис, 1873, стр. 139).

mcxeTis sapatriarqosa da avtokefaliis gauqmebis Semdeg

ruseTis saimperatoro kari Seudga saeklesio sakuTrebasTan

dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis garkvevas. 1811 wlis 21 dekembers

ruseTis imperiis Sinagan saqmeTa ministri saqarTvelos

mTavarsardal filip pauluGis saeklesio aznaurebisa da

saeklesio glexebis sakiTxis garkvevas avalebda. kerZod,

ministri werda: 1) saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma generalma

aleqsandre tormasovma gadawyvita saeklesio aznaurebis

glexebianad saxelmwifo xazinis gamgeblobaSi gadaricxva. 2)

saeklesio aznaurebi da saeklesio glexebi TavianTi mamulebidan

unda aeyaraT da lores velze unda daesaxlebinaT (Акты, V, I,

стр. 139). ministri mTavarsardals avalebda, gaerkvia: a) ris

safuZvelze flobdnen saeklesio aznaurebi da saeklesio

glexebi mamulebs, b) maTi gadasaxlebis Semdeg mamulebi (miwa,

nagebobani) xom ar darGeba upatronod, g) xom ar SeiZleba lores

velze iZulebiTi gadasaxlebis nacvlad saeklesio aznaurebi da

saeklesio glexebi dasaxldnen iq, sadac maT surT (Акты, V, I,

стр. 139). ministri mTavarsardals avalebda: Seeswavla saeklesio

aznaurebisa da glexebis saqme da Sesabamisi daskvna waredgina

saministrosaTvis. ministri xazs usvamda, rom aucilebeli iyo

zustad garkveuliyo saeklesio aznaurebis uflebrivi

mdgomareoba, aseve Tu ris safuZvelze flobdnen isini glexebs

da miwas (Акты, V, I, стр. 140).

mitropolit arsenis saqme arc mas Semdeg Gacxra, rac

saqarTvelos mTavarsardlis wardginebiT imperatoris brZanebiT

igi Tbilisis eparqiis mRvdelmTavrobidan gadaayenes.

81

mitropolit arsens brali edeboda sionis sakaTedro taZris

Semosavlebis miTvisebaSi. saqarTvelos rusuli administraciis

moxele namdvili samoqalaqo mrGeveli malinski saqarTvelos

mTavarsardals 1812 wlis 8 ianvars acnobebda: saqarTvelos eg-

zarqosma mitropolitma varlamma iTxova mitropolit arsenis

mier saeklesio sakiTxebis ukanonod miTvisebis saqmis Seswavlis

mizniT dikasteriis mier Seqmnil komisias daematos erTi

samoqalaqo moxeleo. malinskis komisiis wevroba dauvalebia

Tbilisis policmaister Tavad TumaniSvilisaTvis. dikasteriis

komisiis Seqmnis Semdeg mitropolit arsens miumarTavs

malinskisaTvis. gadayenebuli mitropoliti rus moxeles werda,

rom mitropolit varlams mtroba aqvs masTan, amitom iyo rom igi

erwmuna saqmis gamosaZieblad kaTolikos-patriarq anton II-is

mier daniSnul mRvdelmTavrebs, xolo TviT arsens ar mousmina.

mitropoliti arseni malinskis arwunebda, rom TiTqos mas

gaeyidos eklesiis (sionis taZris) kuTvnili qoneba, ciliswameba

iyo (Акты, V, I, стр. 140). 1812 wlis 19 agvistos namdvili

samoqalaqo mrGeveli malinski saqarTvelos mTavarsardal

general nikoloz rtiSGevs moaxsenebda mitropolit arsenis ur-

Gobis Taobaze. mitropolit arsens ganucxadebia: eparqiis

mRvdelmTavrobidan Gems gadayenebas maSin virwmuneb, Tu

imperatoris brZanebas maGvenebTo. malinskis egzarqos varlamis

TanxmobiT dikasteriis wevris, arqimandrit aTanases, dikasteriis

mdivnisa da Tbilisis komendantis TandaswrebiT mitropolit

arsenisaTvis uGvenebia uwmidesi sinodis brZaneba misi ioane naT-

lismcemlis monasterSi gadayvanisa da pensiis daniSvnis Taobaze.

brZanebis gacnobis Semdeg mitropolit arsens ganucxadebia:

uwmidesi sinodis brZanebas sinodis ufrosi mdivani ki ar unda

awerdes xels, aramed sinodis wevri arqiepiskoposio.

82

mitropolit arsens brZaneba sarwmunod ar ucvnia da uari

ganucxadebia nebayoflobiT eparqiis datovebasa da monasterSi

wasvlaze. amasTan erTad mitropolits uTqvams, rom Tu mis

mimarT Zalas gamoiyeneben, is GaTvlida, rom isjeboda im

danaSaulisaTvis, romelic ar Gaudenia. malinskis ucdia mitro-

politis darwmuneba da misTvis ganumartavs: uwmidesi sinodis da

senatis brZanebebs, arsebuli wesis mixedviT, yovelTvis ufrosi

mdivnebi aweren xelso. miuxedavad amisa, mitropolit arsens

azri ar Seucvlia (Акты, V, II, стр. 400).

mitropolit arsenis saqme kidev erTxel gamwvavda. 1813 wlis 8

Tebervals saqarTvelos mTavarsardalma generalma nikoloz

rtiSGevma uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokuror aleqsandre

golicins mitropolit arsenis saqmis gamo werili gaugzavna.

werilis Sinaarsi aseTia: 1) egzarqos varlams nikoloz

rtiSGevisaTvis ucnobebia, rom man uwmidesi sinodisagan 1812

wlis 11 noembers miiRo brZaneba imperatoris brZanebis

Sesabamisad mitropolit arsenisaTvis pensiis daniSvnis Taobaze.

2) uwmidesi sinodis brZanebaSi aRniSnuli yofila, rom mit-

ropolit arsenisaTvis unda GamoerTmiaT Tbilisis sionis

taZridan waRebuli nivTebi. 3) Tu arseni waRebuli nivTebis

dabrunebaze uars ityoda, maSin igi daniSnul pensias ver

miiRebda. 4) mitropoliti arseni ver daiTanxmes. uSedego

aRmoGnda rogorc saqarTvelos samoqalaqo gubernatoris, ise

TviT egzarqos varlamis mcdeloba (Акты, V, II, стр. 400).

egzarqosi varlami Tvlida, rom mitropolit arsenis

daumorGilebloba imperatoris brZanebisadmi TiTqmis igive iyo,

rac kaxeli Tavadebis mier imperatorisaTvis micemuli ficis ga-

texvao (igulisxmeba 1812 wlis kaxeTis ajanyeba _ v. g.). egzarqosi

eWvs gamoTqvamda, rom mitropoliti arseni Wkuaze Semcdari iyo.

83

amis dasturad egzarqoss mohyavda mitropolitis sityvebi: Gemi

iZuleba SeiZleba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saqarTvelos

mTavarsardali brZanebas gascems Gemi dapatimrebis Taobazeo

(Акты, V, II, стр. 401). egzarqos varlams Seqmnili viTareba Zalze

afiqrebda. amitom iyo, rom igi uwmidesi sinodis ober-prokurors

sTxovda: imperatorisaTvis eTxova nebarTva, raTa mitropolit

arsenisaTvis, misi winaaRmdegobis miuxedavad, GamoerTmiaT

(igulisxmeboda Zalis gamoyenebiT GamorTmeva _ v. g.) sionis

taZridan waRebuli ZviradRirebuli nivTebi, xolo TviT

mitropoliti ruseTis romelime monasterSi gaegzavnaT da

miecaT misTvis pensia 1.000 vercxlis maneTi weliwadSi (rac ud-

rida asignaciebiT 1.200 rusul maneTs). egzarqosi varlami xazs

usvamda imas, rom mitropolit arsenis saqarTveloSi datoveba

misi daudegari da SurismaZiebluri xasiaTis gamo ar

SeiZleboda. zemoaRniSnuli RonisZiebebis garda egzarqosi

varlami sxva gamosavals ver xedavda (Акты, V, II, стр. 401). erTi

wlis Semdeg, 1814 wels, mitropoliti arseni gardaicvala (Акты,

V, II, стр. 406).

84

Tavi II

lixTimereTisa da afxazTa

sapatriarqos gauqmeba

(1814-1815 ww.)

qarTl-kaxeTis samefos gauqmebis Semdeg rom imereTis samefos

jeri dadgeboda, amaSi ukve eWvi aravis ar epareboda, pirvel

rigSi ki solomon II-s. ruseTis saimperatoro kari imereTis

samefos dapyrobisaTvis mzadebas winaswar gaazrebuli gegmiT

Seudga. peterburgSi kargad uwyodnen, rom imereTis samefosa da

samegrelos samTavros Soris urTierToba ukiduresad iyo gamwva-

vebuli. grigol dadiani solomon II-s leGxums edaveboda. saqme

omamde mivida. aseT viTarebaSi 1803 wlis 4 dekembers rusebis

rGeviTa da waqezebiT samegrelos mTavarma grigol dadianma

ruseTis imperator aleqsandre II-is qveSevrdomobaze daifica.

peterburgSi samegrelos mTavris `saTxovari punqtebi~ gaigzavna.

1804 wlis 4 ivliss aleqsandre I-ma grigol dadianis `saTxovari

punqtebi~ Seiwynara da samegrelos samTavro ruseTis imperiis

qveSevrdomobaSi Sevida (merab vaGnaZe, vaxtang guruli. ruseTTan

erTad da uruseTod. Tbilisi, 2007, gv. 32-33). ruseTis

imperatoris mier samegrelos samTavros qveSevrdomobaSi miReba

imereTis samefos suverenitetis Selaxvas niSnavda, radgan de

iure samegrelos mTavari imereTis mefis qveSevrdomi iyo.

85

1804 wels saqarTvelos mTavarsardali generali pavle

cicianovi jariT SeiWra imereTSi da solomon II aiZula,

ruseTis imperiis qveSevrdomoba mieRo. ruseTis imperatorisaTvis

gasagzavn `saTxovar punqtebs~ imereTis mefem xeli moawera 1804

wlis 25 aprils sofel elaznaurSi. 1804 wlis 4 ivliss

imperatorma aleqsandre I-ma xeli moawera sigels imereTis

samefos ruseTis imperiis qveSevrdomobaSi („в вечное подданство“) miRebis Taobaze (merab vaGnaZe, vaxtang guruli. ruseTTan erTad

da uruseTod. Tbilisi, 2007, gv. 34-35). 1809 wels saqarTvelos

mTavarsardalma generalma aleqsandre tormasovma,

peterburgidan miRebuli miTiTebis Tanaxmad, solomon II

taxtidan gadaayena, xolo 1810 wels mefe Seipyro. imave wels

solomon II tyveobidan gaiqca da taxtis dabrunebas Seecada.

ruseTis jari imereTSi SeiWra. solomon II damarcxda da

osmaleTSi gadaixvewa (merab vaGnaZe, vaxtang guruli. ruseTTan

erTad da uruseTod. Tbilisi, 2007, gv. 35).

dapyrobili imereTis samefos teritoriaze Seiqmna imereTis

olqi. 1810 wels saqarTvelos mTavarsardali generali

aleqsandre tormasovi imereTis olqis pirvel mmarTvelad

daniSnul polkovnik Tevdore simonoviGs werda, rom igi

daniSnulia `imereTis, samegrelos, guriisa da afxazeTis

mmarTvelad~. 1814 wlis dasawyisSi SemuSavebuli iqna imereTis

droebiTi mmarTvelobis debuleba. imereTis olqi gaiyo

okrugebad. es okrugebi iyo: quTaisis, vanis, Sorapnisa da raWis.

imereTis droebiTi mmarTvelobis (1810-1840 ww.) saTaveSi rusi

moxele _ mmarTveli idga. imereTis pirveli mmarTvelebi iyvnen:

polkovniki Tevdore simonoviGi (1810-1815), polkovniki stanislav

merlini (1815-1816), generali ivane xatuncovi (1816-1820), polkovniki

ivane puzirevski (1820 w.) (goderZi vaWriZe. imereTis droebiTi

mmarTveloba (1810-1840 ww.). quTaisi, 1999.).

imereTis samefos dapyrobisa da samefo xelisuflebis

gauqmebis Semdeg ruseTis saimperatoro kari lixTimereTisa da

afxazTa sakaTalikosos gauqmebisaTvis iwyebs mzadebas (giorgi

mWedliZe, merab kezevaZe. quTais-gaenaTis eparqia. quTaisi, 2008, gv.

228-232).

lixTimereTisa da afxazTa sakaTalikosos gauqmebisaTvis

pirobebs amzadebda ruseTis eklesiis uwmidesi sinodi da misi

ober-prokurori aleqsandre golicini. amjerad saqarTveloSi

ruseTis saeklesio politikis gamtareblad gvevlineba goris

86

episkoposi dosiTeozi. episkopos dosiTeozis mier Sedgenili

proeqti uwmides sinodSi moiwones da dasamtkiceblad

warudgines imperator aleqsandre I-s. 1814 wlis 30 agvistos

imperatorma proeqti moiwona da daamtkica. imperatori werda:

„Разсмотрев представленное обер-прокурором Синода кн. Голицыным отношение к нему Горийскаго епископа Доситея насчет устройства духовных дел в Грузии и иных присоединенных к Державе Российской областях, и находя предположения его полезными для церкви, обращаю подлинное отношение в Синод для надлежащаго исполнения по всем пунктам онаго, Мною утверждаемым, кроме 27-го, о котором последует ре-шение особо“ (Акты, V, II, стр. 407). uwmidesi sinodis wardginebiT

1814 wlis 30 agvistos imperatorma proeqtis Semdgenel goris

episkopos dosiTeozs `Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis

arqiepiskoposoba~ uboZa da imavdroulad oseTis sasuliero

komisiis Tavmjdomared daadgina (Акты, V, II, стр. 407). mainc ras warmoadgenda goris episkopos dosiTeozis mier

Sedgenili proeqti, romelic `ruseTis saxelmwifos mier

saqarTvelosa da sxva SemoerTebul olqebSi sasuliero

saqmeebis mowyobas~ iTvaliswinebda? dokumenti vrcelia, magram,

vfiqrobT, misi Sinaarsis dawvrilebiT gadmocema

interesmoklebuli ar iqneba (iseve rogorc imdroindel sxva

oficialur dokumentebSi, amjeradac „Грузия“ ixmareba mxolod

qarTl-kaxeTis (aRmosavleT saqarTvelos) aRsaniSnavad, „Имеретия“ umetes SemTxvevaSi ixmareba yofili imereTis samefos te-

ritoriis aRsaniSnavad, zogjer ki mTeli dasavleT saqarTvelos

(lixTimereTis) mniSvnelobiT. „Грузия и Имеретия“ umetes

SemTxvevaSi niSnavs mTel saqarTvelos).

1814 wlis 30 agvistos imperator aleqsandre I-is mier

damtkicebuli sasuliero saqmeebis mowyobis proeqti aseTi

Sinaarsisa iyo:

1. saqarTvelosa da imereTSi iqneboda uwmidesi sinodis erTi

egzarqosi da igi iwodeboda ase: `saqarTvelosa da imereTis

egzarqosi~.

2. TbilisSi arsdeboda uwmidesi sinodis saqarTvelo-imereTis

sinodaluri kantora, romelic iqneboda uwmidesi sinodis

uSualo daqvemdebarebaSi, iseve rogorc moskovis sinodaluri

kantora. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantoris daarsebiT

uqmdeboda TbilisSi arsebuli dikasteria. samagierod dikasteria

87

arsdeboda quTaisSi, romlis gamgeblobaSi Sevidodnen imereTis,

samegrelosa da guriis samRvdeloeba, eklesiebi da monastrebi.

3. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantoris Tavmjdomare

unda yofiliyo saqarTvelosa da imereTis egzarqosi, xolo

wevrebi _ Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposi, ori

arqimandriti da ori dekanozi. es ki imas niSnavda, rom

saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantoris wevrebi xdebodnen:

saqarTvelosa da imereTis egzarqosi varlami, Telavisa da

saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposi dosiTeozi, qvabTaxevis mo-

nastris winamZRvari arqimandriti aTanase, kidev erTi

arqimandriti da ori dekanozi mogvianebiT airGeoda. quTaisSi

Seqmnili dikasteriis upirvelesi wevri (Tavmjdomare) iqneboda

quTaTeli mRvdelmTavari, xolo wevrebi _ erTi arqimandriti da

ori dekanozi. dikasteriis Semadgenlobas daamtkicebda

saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora.

4. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoras eyoleboda V

klasis prokurori, romelsac unda scodnoda rusuli da

qarTuli enebi. prokuroris movaleoba iyo sinodalur kantorasa

da dikasteriaSi saqmis warmoebaze Tvalyuris devneba.

prokuroris damxmared unda aerGiaT sami ufrosi oficeri,

romelTagan erTi iqneboda gorSi, meore _ TelavSi, mesame _

quTaisSi. maT movaleobas Seadgenda, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi,

prokuroris saqmis kursSi Gayeneba.

5. saqmis warmoebisaTvis saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur

kantoraSi unda yofiliyo ori VIII klasis mdivani. erTi maTgani

dakavebuli iqneboda aRmosavleT saqarTvelos („Грузия“), xolo

meore _ dasavleT saqarTvelos („Имеретия“) saqmeebiT. orive

mdivans unda hyoloda TiTo magidis ufrosi da mwerali, aseve

ori X klasis mTargmneli. dikasterias unda hyoloda erTi X

klasis mdivani, erTi XII klasis mTargmneli da ori mwerali.

6. rodesac saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantoris

wevrebiT dakompleqteba dasruldeboda, amis Taobaze saqmis

kursSi unda GaeyenebinaT saqarTvelos mTavarsardali,

saqarTvelosa (qarTl-kaxeTis) da imereTis samoqalaqo

xelisufleba (saqarTvelos umaRles mTavroba da imereTis

droebiT mmarTveloba _ v. g.) da uwmindes sinodi.

7. saqarTveloSi unda Seqmniliyo sami eparqia: qarTlis,

oseTisa da siRnaRisa. pirveli eparqiis mRvdelmTavari iqneboda

saqarTvelosa da imereTis egzarqosi tituliT: `mcxeTis,

88

Tbilisisa da qarTlis mitropoliti~, meorisa _ Telavisa da

saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposi, mesamisa _ siRnaRisa da

qiziyis episkoposi (am kaTedraze ukve damtkicebuli iyo

alaverdis eparqiis mRvdelmTavari ioane). garda amisa,

gaTvaliswinebuli iyo saqarTvelos qorepiskoposis Tanamdebobis

daweseba. es Tanamdebobda gankuTvnili iyo yofili wilknis

eparqiis mRvdelmTavrisaTvis _ gervasisaTvis. misi tituli

iqneboda: saqarTvelosa da goris qorepiskoposi.

8. imereTSi (dasavleT saqarTveloSi) arsebuli eparqiebi

xeluxleblad unda darGeniliyo mRvdelmTavrebis sicocxlis

bolomde. mRvdelmTavris gardacvalebis Semdeg sinodalur

kantoras uwmidesi sinodisaTvis unda moexsenebina Tavisi azri

eparqiebis Taobaze.

9. saqarTvelosa (aRmosavleT saqarTvelosa) da imereTis

(dasavleT saqarTvelos) eparqiebis mRvdelmTavrebs unda

exelmZRvanelaT: wmida weriliT, wmida mociqulTa kanonebiT,

saxelmwifos kanonmdeblobiT da uwmidesi sinodis

dadgenilebebiT. aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mRvdelmTavrebs

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi unda miemarTaT saqarTvelo-imereTis

sinodaluri kantorisaTvis, dasavleT saqarTvelos

mRvdelmTavrebs _ quTaisSi arsebuli dikasteriisaTvis.

10. eklesiebze, RvTismsaxurebze da eklesiis msaxurebze

Tvalyuris devnebisa da wesrigis dacvis mizniT yovel 10

eklesias (SeiZleba cota metze da cota naklebze, geografiuli

mdebareobis mixedviT) unda hyoloda erTi blaRoGini.

blaRoGinebis daniSvna eparqiis mRvdelmTavrebis uflebas

warmoadgenda. blaRoGinis daniSvnisa da gadayenebis Taobaze

mRvdelmTavars saqmis kursSi unda Gaeyenebina sinodaluri

kantora (aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi) an dikasteria (dasavleT

saqarTveloSi).

11. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoras gaxsnis Semdeg

unda gadaebarebina Tbilisis yofil dikasteriaSi gansaxilvelad

Sesuli saqmeebi. momavalSi, Semosavlisa da gasavlis dadgenis

procesSi, sinodalur kantoras quTaisSi arsebuli

dikasteriisaTvis unda moeTxova imereTis, guriisa da

samegrelos eparqiebis Semosavlebis zusti aRricxva, raTa

samRvdeloebis sarGos daniSvna gamxdariyo SesaZlebeli.

saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoras uwmidesi sinodisaTvis

unda waredgina yovelwliuri xarjTaRricxva.

89

12. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora ganixilavda ara

marto uwmidesi sinodidan Semosul saqmeebs, aramed quTaisis

dikasteriidan da qarTl-kaxeTis (aRmosavleT saqarTvelos)

mRvdelmTavrebidan Sesul saqmeebs.

13. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora ganixilavda

saeklesio mamulebis saqmes, romelsac gadascemda prokurori.

14. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora ganixilavda im

saeklesio mamulebis saqmes, romelic ekuTvnoda erT eparqias,

magram mdebareobda meore eparqiis teritoriaze.

15. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora ruseTis

eklesiis uwmides sinods yovelwliurad acnobebda gadawyvetili

saqmeebis raodenobas, aseve im saqmeebis raodenobas, romelic

raime mizeziT ver gadawyda.

16. quTaisis dikasteria imereTis, samegrelosa da guriis

teritoriaze arsebuli eparqiebis saqmeebs ganxilvis Semdeg

dasamtkiceblad warudgenda saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur

kantoras, weliwadSi oTxjer angariSs Gaabarebda mniSvnelovani

movlenebis, aseve Semosavlisa da gasavlis Taobaze.

17. Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposs

ekisreboda igive movaleoba, rac aqamde dakisrebuli hqonda

mozdokSi arsebul oseTis sasuliero komisias.

18. Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis eparqiaSi unda yofiliyo

Savi samRvdeloeba: 1 arqimandriti, 1 iRumeni, 4 berdiakoni, 2

ierodiakoni; TeTri samRvdeloeba: 2 mRvdeli, 1 diakoni da 8

mnaTe; X klasis 1 mdivani, XII klasis 1 mTargmneli da 2 mwerali.

19. zemoxsenebuli sasuliero pirebis xeldasxmas, daniSvnasa

da gadayenebas Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposi

axdenda.

20. Grdilo kavkasiis mTianeTSi Telavisa da saqarTvelo-

kavkasiis arqiepiskoposis, aseve misionerebis gasacileblad unda

gamoyofiliyo 30 cxenosani saeklesio glexebidan, aseve 100

kazaki.

21. Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposma oseTis

sasuliero komisiis saqmeTa Taobaze moxseneba unda warudginos

ruseTis eklesiis uwmides sinods da daelodos sinodis

gadawyvetilebas.

22. kaxeTis qalaqi Telavi da qarTlis qalaqi ananuri, imis

gamo, rom osebTan da kavkasiis mTielebTan axlos mdebareobs,

90

gadavides Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqiepiskoposis

gamgeblobaSi.

23. imereTis samRvdeloebis da eklesiis msaxurTa Svi-

lebisaTvis qalaq quTaisSi daarsdes sasuliero seminaria.

24. 1811 wels imperatoris brZanebiT damtkicebuli iyo 5

saarqimandrito. 1811 wels erT saarqimandritod gaerTianda ioane

naTlismcemlisa da SuamTis monastrebi. SuamTis monasteri

gamoiyofoda calke saarqimandritod da SuamTis arqimandriti

unda gamxdariyo Telavisa da saqarTvelo-kavkasiis arqimandritis

monacvle (moadgile), romelsac eparqia unda emarTa arqiepisko-

posis eparqiaSi aryofnis dros.

25. Tu ramdeni monasteri unda yofiliyo imereTSi (dasavleT

saqarTveloSi), unda gadaewyvita saqarTvelo-imereTis

sinodalur kantoras da Tavisi mosazreba waredgina

sinodisaTvis.

26. Tu eparqiebis mRvdelmTavrebi, arqimandritebi da

monastris winamZRvrebi gaamravlebdnen saeklesio uZrav da

moZrav qonebas, maTi sarGo gaizrdeboda.

27. sasuliero da saero pirebis xelfasi unda gansazRv-

ruliyo Semdegnairad (vercxlis maneTebSi): 1) saqarTvelosa da

imereTis egzarqoss _ 5.000 maneTi, 2) Telavisa da saqarTvelo-

kavkasiis arqiepiskoposs _ 3.000 maneTi, 3) siRnaRisa da qiziyis

mRvdelmTavars _ 2.000 maneTi, 4) goris episkopossa da

saqarTvelos qorepiskoposs _ 1.500 maneTi, 5) SuamTis monastris

arqimandrits _ 400 maneTi.

saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoraSi unda dawe-

sebuliyo Semdegi xelfasebi: 1) prokurors _ 1.000 maneTi, 2) sam

vaqils _ 250 maneTi TiToeuls, 3) or mdivans _ 400 maneTi

TiToeuls, 4) magidis or ufross _ 200 maneTi TiToeuls, 5) or

mTargmnels _ 300 maneTi TiToeuls, 6) or mwerals _ 150 maneTi

TiToeuls, 7) sakancelario xarjebisaTvis _ 500 maneTi.

oseTis sasuliero komisiaSi unda dawesebuliyo Semdegi

xelfasebi: 1) mdivans _ 350 maneTi, 2) mTargmnels _ 300 maneTi, 3)

or mwerals _ 150 maneTi TiToeuls, 4) sakancelario

xarjebisaTvis _ 300 maneTi (Акты, V, II, стр. 407-410). saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantoris prokuroris mier

1815 wlis 8 maisis saqarTvelos mTavarsardal general nikoloz

rtiSGevisaTvis wardgenili moxsenebidan irkveva, rom

imperatoris 1814 wlis 30 agvistos brZanebis Sesabamisad,

91

saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora gaxsnila 1815 wlis 8

Tebervals. am movlenis aRsaniSnavad Tbilisis sionis taZarSi

sazeimo wirva aRasrula saqarTvelosa da imereTis egzarqosma,

mcxeTis, Tbilisisa da qarTlis mitropolitma, aleqsandre

nevelisa da wm. anas I xarisxis ordenebis kavalerma varlamma

(erisTavma). wirvis dasrulebis Semdeg mitropolitma varlamma

aRavlina locva imperator aleqsandre I-isa da romanovTa samefo

saxlis dRegrZelobisaTvis (Акты, V, II, стр. 413-414). saqarTvelo-

imereTis sinodaluri kantora Seudga muSaobas.

1815 wlis oqtomberSi saqarTvelosa da imereTis egzarqosma

varlamma imogzaura imereTSi, guriasa da samegreloSi, Sexvda

mRvdelmTavrebsa da Tavadaznaurobas. 1815 wlis 26 oqtombers

egzarqosma varlamma moxseneba warudgina saqarTvelos

mTavarsardal general nikoloz rtiSGevs. egzarqosi Tvlida,

rom imereTis, samegrelosa da guriis saqmeebi umjobesi iqneboda

gadawyvetiliyo saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kantoraSi.

praqtikulad egzarqosi varlami quTaisSi dikasteriis arsebobas

mizanSewonilad ar miiGnevda (Акты, V, II, стр. 415-416). ase daasrula arseboba lixTimereTisa da afxazTa

sakaTalikosom.

1811-1814 wlebSi jer mcxeTis sapatriarqos, xolo Semdeg

lixTimereTisa da afxazTa sapatriarqos gauqmeba iyo qarTl-

kaxeTisa da imereTis samefoebis gauqmebis logikuri gagrZeleba.

saxelmwifoebriobisa da eklesiis TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis)

gauqmebiT ruseTis saimperatoro kari cdilobda sanukvari

miznis asrulebas _ saqarTvelos gadaqcevas ruseTis imperiis

ganuyofel nawilad.

92

sarCevi

winasityva ................................................................................ 3

Tavi I. mcxeTis sapatriarqos TviTmwyemsobis (avtokefaliis)

gauqmeba ................................................... 6

1. eklesiis sakiTxi qarTl-kaxeTis samefosa da

ruseTis imperiis urTierTobaSi (1771-1800 ww.) ......... 6

2. mcxeTis sapatriarqos gauqmebis momzadeba

(1801-1809 ww.) ....................................................................... 10

3. mcxeTis sapatriarqos gauqmeba

(1809-1811 ww.) ....................................................................... 38

4. viTareba mcxeTis sapatriarqos gauqmebis

Semdeg (1811-1814 ww.) .......................................................... 99

Tavi II. lixTimereTisa da afxazTa sapatriarqos

gauqmeba (1814-1815 ww.) ....................................................107

saqartvelos samociqulo eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba ... · 3 vaxtang guruli . saqartvelos...

Documents