sap’s data dictionary

SAP’s Data DictionarySAP’s Data Dictionary

Learning to use it effectively

FSS Technical Peer Group Meeting

Wednesday November 13, 2002

Carolyn Fuller

11/13/2002FSS Technical Peer Group Meeting2

Introduction Introduction

To know an application is to know its dataData dictionary holds key to performanceData dictionary tools reduce custom

programming


AgendaAgenda

The SAP Data ModelData FiltrationSAP IndexesBuilding Custom Tables/Simple Apps


VocabularyVocabulary Relational Database Indexes Unique Index Primary Key Foreign Key (Check Table) One-to-Many Relationship Recursive Relationship Client Dependent View Cluster


The Data Model The Data Model

ZSDBHEAD

PRIME_CONTRACT

ZSDBLINEPRIME_CONTRACTMATERIAL

PRPSPSPNR

STUFEFAKKZ

BKPFBUKRSBELNRGJAHR

BSEG BUKRSBELNRGJAHRBUZEI

KNA1KUNNR

KNB1BUKRSKUNNR

BSID BSADBUKRSKUNNR..

BUKRSKUNNR..


The SAP Data ModelThe SAP Data Model

Transactional Data One-to-Many– One header row to many line items

Master Data One-to-Many– One master to many company code masters– One master to many transaction line items

Recursive data– One parent to many children & grandchildren


Line Items

Report ExampleReport Example

Headers


““One” Should be DriverOne” Should be DriverAll the WBS(billable and non-billable)

Each WBSlooks up its parent

Billable WBS

Billable WBS findschildren,

grandchildren


Recursive RelationshipRecursive RelationshipBilling Element

Billing Element


PRHI - WBS EdgesPRHI - WBS Edges

WBS Project UP DOWN LEFT RIGHT

6900000 6900000 6900054

6900027 6900000 6900000 6900028 6900037 xxxxxxx

6900028 6900000 6900027 6900040

6900029 6900000 6900028 6900030

6900030 6900000 6900028 6900040 6900029

6900037 6900000 6900000 6900038 6900054 6900027

6900038 6900000 6900037 6900039

6900039 6900000 6900038

6900040 6900000 6900028 6900030

6900054 6900000 6900000 6900055 6900037

6900055 6900000 6900054


Filtering Data Billing ExampleFiltering Data Billing Example

Move filter tobeginning of

program


Filtering Data MM ExampleFiltering Data MM ExampleUnfiltered

Filtered


SAP IndexesSAP Indexes

Primary Key Secondary IndexesSecondary Index TablesForeign Key


Secondary Index TableSecondary Index Table Secondary Indexes

Foreign Key’sCheck Table

Foreign Key

Primary Key &Unique Index

Client


BSID’s Secondary IndexesBSID’s Secondary IndexesUnique flag

BSID-1Index for logical

database


Recursive Resolution TableRecursive Resolution Table

Check Tables

Foreign Keys


BKPF Primary & Foreign KeysBKPF Primary & Foreign KeysPrimary Key

Primary Key withForeign Key

Foreign Key

Table Fields


COVP Useful Secondary IndexCOVP Useful Secondary Index

WBS 4579002


COVP Primary & Foreign KeysCOVP Primary & Foreign Keys

Primary Key

Primary Key withForeign Key Foreign Keys

Table Fields


Additional Useful IndexesAdditional Useful Indexes

http://fuller.mit.edu/SAPDocs/indexes.htm


Building Custom TablesBuilding Custom Tables Create Header Table Create Line Item Table Create Maintainable Views for Header & Items SE54 - Extended Table Maintenance for Views Program & Activate Event User Exits

– Data validations SE54 - Create View Cluster SM34 - Maintain View Cluster

– SF8 View Cluster name is ZSDBLINE_VC


Create Header TableCreate Header TableClient

Search help can beattached to Field or

Field type

Custom field typeallows customdocumentation


Custom Search HelpCustom Search HelpDefined in Data type

Function Module Will display contract # andcustomer PO

Defined in Search help


Custom Field DocumentationCustom Field DocumentationDefined in Data type


Create Line Item TableCreate Line Item Table

Foreign Key’sCheck Table

Foreign Key


Create Maintainable ViewCreate Maintainable ViewNot the default!


View FieldsView FieldsMaintenance

Attribute (MF)

Header fields - S will be read only on

line items

Extended Table MaintenanceExtended Table MaintenanceSE54 - Generated Objects

Maintainable View


Create an Include via SE38Create an Include via SE38


Modify Function PoolModify Function Pool

SAPLfunction_group

Uncomment


Modify Lfunction_groupFXXModify Lfunction_groupFXXSE80 - Function group

EventsEventsSE54 -> Environment -> Events

Create View ClusterCreate View ClusterSE54 -> Edit viewcluster


Object structureObject structure


Generated Field DependencesGenerated Field Dependences

Header - ZSDBHEAD_V


Generated Field DependencesGenerated Field Dependences

Header - ZSDBLINE_V


View Cluster - Line Items SM34View Cluster - Line Items SM34

Header

Line Items


SummarySummary

Know your program “driver”– Find the “One” in the application data model

Filter the data early in the programKnow the indexes available in an area

– If you can’t use the primary index there are usually other indexes

Use the SAP supplied tools when possible


Where to Get More InformationWhere to Get More Information

BC430 ABAP Dictionary– Tomorrow in Waltham (11/14 - 11/15)– January 9 - 10, 2003 Waltham

My personal favorite, the book– Object-Oriented Systems Analysis - Modeling

the World of Data by Sally Shlaer & Stephen Mello

Available, used on www.amazon.com

sap’s data dictionary

Documents

line itemsmaster data

saps data dictionarylearning

manyone header row

view cluster sf8 view

field orfield typecustom

view clustersm34

manyone master

datadata dictionary