sang-soo kim, ohio university ohio asphalt paving ...a new test for asphalt quality: asphalt binder...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A New Test for Asphalt Quality:Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD)
Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University
Ohio Asphalt Paving ConferenceFebruary 6, 2008
![Page 2: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
ScopeScope
BackgroundABCD Concept: Operating PrincipleDevelopment Of ABCDLaboratory ValidationField ValidationApplication
![Page 3: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
ABCD: Asphalt Binder Cracking DeviceNCHRP-IDEA #99
ABCD: Asphalt Binder Cracking DeviceNCHRP-IDEA #99
ABCD: To minimize Low Temperature Thermal Cracking,one of major failure types of asphalt pavements.
Nationally, tens of billion dollars are spent to fix the cracked pavement every year.
![Page 4: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
AASHTO M320 (Table 1)AASHTO M320 (Table 1)
Assumes Strength & CTE are constant
Cracking temperature depends on binder stiffness (BBR)
Does not work for modified binders; a(T)
Thermal Stress,
Strength
Temperature
Strength
Stress
SoftStiff
![Page 5: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
AASHTO M320 (Table 2)AASHTO M320 (Table 2)
Thermal Stress,
Strength
Temperature
Stress
Strength
Assumes CTE is constant; Strength is not constant
Cracking temperature depends on binder stiffness (BBR) and strength (DTT)
![Page 6: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
electrical strain gaugeinvar ring
asphalt
ABCD Concept: Operating PrincipleABCD Concept: Operating Principle
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion/Contraction
Asphalt = 200 x 10-6 m/m/C
Invar Ring = 1.4 x 10-6 m/m/C
When temperature drops, asphalt shrinks 100 times or more than the ABCD invar ring. Asphalt compresses the ring. The Electrical Strain Gauge measures this compression. When it cracks, the compression disappears.
![Page 7: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Current ABCDSilicone Mold with Protrusions / Invar Ring
Current ABCDSilicone Mold with Protrusions / Invar Ring
Presence of hole in the sample significantly reduced variability
![Page 8: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Stress Distribution on Specimen Prepared with Silicone Mold (for 1.0 MPa Average Stress)
Stress Distribution on Specimen Prepared with Silicone Mold (for 1.0 MPa Average Stress)
Invar Ring
Asphalt
Hole in Sample
2.02 MPa
0.82 MPa
0.64 MPa
1.57 MPa
Stress Distribution
![Page 9: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
![Page 10: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
ABCD DevelopmentABCD Development
Current ABCD
Silicone Mold & Invar Ring
One Hole in Specimen
Start right after trimming at room temperature
Cooling: 20C -20C in 1 hr; From -20C, 10C/hr
Tcr Standard Deviation = 0.5~1.0C
![Page 11: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
ABCD Test: Typical ResultsABCD Test: Typical Results
![Page 12: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
Advantage of ABCDAdvantage of ABCD
Simple procedure
Single equipment
Stiffness, strength, CTE are accounted for close to field conditions
Test is forgiving
Simultaneous testing of several samples
![Page 13: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
LAB STUDY #1: FHWA Modified BindersLAB STUDY #1: FHWA Modified Binders
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-45 -40 -35 -30 -25
ABCD Fracture Temperature, C
Frac
ture
Stre
ss (A
BC
D),
MP
a .
Unm 70-22
Unm 64-28
CMCRA
Air-Blow n
Flux
MRL 191
EVA
SBS R G
SBS L
SBS L G
EVA G
ESIPolymer Modified
No Polymer Except CMCRA
![Page 14: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
Role of PolymerRole of Polymer
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25
ABCD Fracture Temperature, C
Aver
age
(Max
) Fra
ctur
e St
ress
(ABC
D),
MPa
.
PG Binder (FHWA)PG Binder (CA)Roofing FluxRoofing Coat
Polymer Modified
silicone mold, invar ring, 10C/hr
![Page 15: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Pearson Correlation: FHWA Modified Binders
Pearson Correlation: FHWA Modified Binders
ABCDM320-2(ABCD) M320-2 M320-1 S m
ABCD 1M320-2 (ABCD) 0.98 1
M320-2 0.71 0.72 1
M320-1 0.83 0.85 0.90 1
S (BBR) 0.87 0.86 0.91 0.92 1
m-value (BBR) 0.69 0.69 0.82 0.92 0.78 1
TSRST 0.91 0.94 0.69 0.86 0.84 0.73
![Page 16: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
LAB STUDY #2: Polymer ConcentrationLAB STUDY #2: Polymer Concentration
M320-1 ABCD
PG Grade Tcr°C
Strain, με(strength)
Base 44.5 - 41.5 -44.2 21
Base+2% SBS 53.1 - 41.7 -46.5 36
Base+3% SBS 57.4 - 41.4 -48.0 40
Base+4% SBS 63.3 - 39.3 -51.1 43
Base+5% SBS 70.0 - 38.1 -54.1 53
Binder
Binders were prepared by ExxonMobil ABCD results Triplicate samples
![Page 17: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
-55 -50 -45 -40
ABCD Cracking Temp, C
ABC
D F
ract
ure
Stra
in, m
icro
s
Base
3%
5%
4% 2%SBS
ABCD on SBS ConcentrationABCD on SBS Concentration
![Page 18: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
-55
-50
-45
-40
-35
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
SBS Content, %
Cra
ckin
g Te
mp,
C
M320-1ABCD
SBS Concentration vs. Cracking TempSBS Concentration vs. Cracking Temp
![Page 19: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Polymer Modification Field Trials (138 data)Polymer Modification Field Trials (138 data)Asphalt Institute, Engineering Report -215, (2005) Quantification of the Effects of Polymer-Modified Asphalt (page 18)
![Page 20: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Validation #1: Pennsylvania Test RoadValidation #1: Pennsylvania Test Road
Constructed in 1976 using 6 AC-20 binders
Sections T1 & T5 cracked 4 month later
Air Temperature = -29C
Pavement Temperature = -23C
Sections T2, T4, T6 cracked after 4 years
Section T3 never cracked for 7 years
Overlaid 1984
![Page 21: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
ABCD Results: PA RTFO ResidueABCD Results: PA RTFO Residue
RTFO (1st Try) RTFO (2nd Try)1 2 Avg 1 2 3 Avg
T1 -21.8 Broken -21.8 -21.3 -22.2 - -21.8T2 -34.7 -34.6 -34.7 -34.0 -34.1 -34.4 -34.2T3 -33.2 - -33.2 - - - -T4 -31.1 -32.9 -32.0 -32.0 -32.5 - -32.3T5 -23.2 -26.8 -25.0 -26.0 -25.6 - -25.8T6 -33.1 -34.8 -34.0 -33.6 -33.5 - -33.6
![Page 22: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
ABCD Results: PA PAV ResidueABCD Results: PA PAV Residue
1. Trimming error2. Eccentricity: Ring was off-centered by about 1 mm.
PAVSections 1 2 Avg
T1 -23.1 -21.71 -22.4T2 -28.21 -31.1 -29.7T3 -30.7 -30.72 -30.7T4 -28.5 -29.8 -29.2T5 -25.2 -24.4 -24.8T6 -32.9 -31.6 -32.3
![Page 23: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Errors in Sample PreparationErrors in Sample Preparation
Excessive Trimming
![Page 24: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Cracking Index (7yr) vs ABCD (PAV)Cracking Index (7yr) vs ABCD (PAV)
y = 8.91x + 288.02R2 = 0.94
0
20
40
60
80
100
-35 -30 -25 -20
ABCD (PAV) Tcr, C
Cra
ckin
g In
dex
(7yr
)
T6
T3
T2T4
T5
T1
![Page 25: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Cracking Index (7yr) vs M320-1 (PAV)Cracking Index (7yr) vs M320-1 (PAV)
y = 4.93x + 148.09R2 = 0.35
0
20
40
60
80
100
-30 -25 -20 -15
AASHTO M320; BBR (PAV) Tcr, C
Cra
ckin
g In
dex
(7yr
)
![Page 26: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
Cracking Index (7yr) vs BBR Stiffness (PAV)Cracking Index (7yr) vs BBR Stiffness (PAV)
y = 7.14x + 224.07R2 = 0.77
0
20
40
60
80
100
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15
BBR Stiffness (PAV) Tcr, C
Cra
ckin
g In
dex
(7yr
)
![Page 27: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
TSRST VS ABCD (PAV)TSRST VS ABCD (PAV)
y = 0.54x - 10.29R2 = 0.83
y = 0.74x - 2.16R2 = 0.85
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20
ABCD (PAV)
TSR
ST,
C
FHWA StudyPA Study
![Page 28: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Validation #2: Lamont Test RoadValidation #2: Lamont Test Road
y = 18.952x + 740.13R2 = 0.9157
-50
0
50
100
150
200
-41 -39 -37 -35 -33 -31 -29 -27
ABCD Tcr, C
Ther
mal
Cra
cks
/km
(200
3)
Lamont Test Road
![Page 29: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
Validation #3: Highway 17 (SPS-9A) near Petawawa Ontario
Validation #3: Highway 17 (SPS-9A) near Petawawa Ontario
y = 8.8599x + 415.43R2 = 0.7979
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
-50 -45 -40 -35 -30
ABCD Tcr, C
Cra
ck/k
m (2
003)
Highway 17, Ontario
![Page 30: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Critical Temperature vs. Cracking Index of Test Pavements
Coefficient of Determination (R2)
Critical Temperature vs. Cracking Index of Test Pavements
Coefficient of Determination (R2)
Test Roads ABCD M320-1 M320-2
Elk Co, PA 0.94 0.21 0.95Lamont 0.92 0.79 0.76
Highway 17 0.80 0.92 0.56
![Page 31: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
ABCD Commercialization TimelineABCD Commercialization Timeline
Commercialization by EZ Asphalt Technology, LLC. through Highways for LIFE Technology Partnership Program
$239,000 Grant
Ruggedness Test by October 2008
ABCD Commercial Products by End of 2008
Round Robin Tests (10 labs) During 2009
![Page 32: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
![Page 33: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
![Page 34: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
SummarySummary
Good correlation between ABCD and Pennsylvania Test Road performanceGood correlation between ABCD and TSRSTAble to characterize polymer modified bindersImproved repeatability: ~1.0C or less for binders testedABCD test is simple and forgivingSturdy ABCD ring
![Page 35: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35
AcknowledgementAcknowledgement
NCHRP-IDEA #99 (Inam Jawed, Ed Harrigan)David Powers (Ohio DOT)Highways for LIFE (Julie Zirlin, Sarah Tarpgaard)Tom Harman (FHWA)Aroon Shenoy (FHWA)Jack Youtcheff (FHWA)John D’Angelo (FHWA)Dean Maurer (Penn DOT)Kai Tam (Ontario MOT)Simon Hesp (Queen’s Univ.)Olga Puzic (ExxonMobil)Asphalt Institute
![Page 36: Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving ...A New Test for Asphalt Quality: Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) Sang-Soo Kim, Ohio University Ohio Asphalt Paving Conference](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040904/5e7756297f0672664b40b994/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36
Thank You!Thank You!