Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. SAND2009-2801P

SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES

Distributed Energy Technologies Laboratory (DETL)

APEC-ISGAN WorkshopSmart Grid International Research Facility Network

(SIRFN)January 24-25, 2012

Washington, DC

• Easily reconfigurable infrastructure for a variety of experiments

• Protocols in place to apply international standards• Ability to assess components (hardware-in-the-loop)

and integrated systems• Ability to work at large scale, to simulate “real-world”

grid-level effects• High level of rigor in data collection, calibration, and

accuracy• Multiple layers of infrastructure: power systems,

data/information processing, communications

Country/Economy Smart Grid Needs(Testbed Perspective)

• Scenarios– Grid-connected and off-grid– Controllable loads simulate

residential, commercial– Multiple sources– Energy storage– Home/building/network EMS

• Optimization of new DG/DER components and systems– R&D and product development– Pre-commercial testing and

characterization– Protocol and standards

development– Demonstration

DETL: A Reconfigurable Smart-Grid Testbed

DETL Features

• 150 kW PV• 1MW-hr storage

capability• 250 kW inverter

capacity• 3-Ø, 1-Ø µ-grids• Communications

infrastructure (ethernet, wireless, PLC)

• 10-node residential • µ-inverter testbed• 200kW diesel genset

Lab Facilities

Energy Storage Test Pad

Offices

Linkages to smart-grid field demos:- Mesa del Sol-PNM Prosperity project-NMSU campus microgrid-Others

(3-phase)

3-Phase 480Vac Node/Microgrid

Mic

ro t

urb

ine

1-Phase 120Vac Node/Microgrid

Labview-based SCADA/EMS Platform

Phasor Measurement Units (PMU)

GPS clockGPS clock

PMU 1 PMU 1

Phasor Data Phasor Data ConcentratorConcentrator

PMU 2PMU 2

External PMU Network

Sandia PDCSandia PDC

Microgrid SiteMicrogrid Siteat NMSU (planned)at NMSU (planned)

FutureFuture

18 MW PV Plant 18 MW PV Plant in southern COin southern CO

500 kW PV/Battery 500 kW PV/Battery Site in Central NMSite in Central NM

500 kW PV Plant 500 kW PV Plant in Northern NMin Northern NM

DETLPMUDETLPMU

PMU

• Arc Fault Detection and Mitigation

• Intentional Islanding, voltage control

• Emerging Communication Protocols

Test Capabilities

Solar Reconfigurable Open Architecture Design (ROAD)

Single-phase Lateral, 12.47 kV

Service transformer

•Replicate high PV penetration at residential scaleReplicate high PV penetration at residential scale•Full flexibility at each nodeFull flexibility at each node

•PV systemPV system•Energy storageEnergy storage•Programmable loadsProgrammable loads•Smart MeterSmart Meter•Utility/Home EMSUtility/Home EMS

250 kW 3-Phase Inverter Testbed

Large Inverter Testbed

12.47 kV

PV Inverter

Under Test

PV Array Simulator

Xfrmr

500 kVa 3-phase

Existing DETL

3-Phase

Node/Microgrid

Series Reactor

Program. AC

Source

480 V

AC

DC

•Fully programmable AC and DC sourcesFully programmable AC and DC sources•Ability to test larger PV invertersAbility to test larger PV inverters•Ability to create 3-phase 480V microgrid setup Ability to create 3-phase 480V microgrid setup with “feeder” impedance with “feeder” impedance

DETL Tie

Large-Scale Energy Storage Testbed

PV/WIND SIMULATOR

1 MW

(FUTURE)

• DETL works with many industry partners interested in global markets

• Advances in power electronics are taking place across the globe – access to latest in new developments

• Greater knowledge/understanding of standards and protocols from other parts of world can facilitate in-country development

• Development and operations of test facilities can benefit from knowledge of testbed innovations in other countries

Value of an International Collaboration