san juan veterinary clinic equine dentistry service presents: understanding your horse’s teeth dr....

42
San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Upload: ryan-times

Post on 15-Jan-2016

221 views

Category:

Documents


1 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

San Juan Veterinary ClinicEquine Dentistry Service

Presents:

Understanding your horse’s teeth

Dr. Justin Green

Page 2: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green
Page 3: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Goals of today’s presentation:

-Teach you to evaluate your own horse’s dental status.

-Teach you to evaluate safe and quality Equine dental practices.

-Emphasize the overlooked importance of regular dental exams and dental balance.

Page 4: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green
Page 5: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

The Foundation

-Anatomy: what’s normal?

-Mechanics: why equine teeth look the way they look.

Page 6: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Cheek Teeth (premolars and molars)-Grind feed like a shear

Incisors-Used to grasp forage (along with lips).

Basic Anatomy

Page 7: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green
Page 8: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

K9 teeth-For defense**NOT WOLF TEETH**

TMJ -Very Nerve Dense-Boxers getting Knocked out

Wolf Teeth (if present)-More common in mares-Usually removed at castration

Basic Anatomy

Page 9: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green
Page 10: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

“HYPSODONT”

Continually erupting, NOT continually growing!

Page 11: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Clinical Crown

Reserve Crown

Root

Page 12: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

-All equine teeth have a limited life span.

-Maximum size by about 5 yrs old.

-Horses live much longer today than they were naturally intended to.-World’s oldest domestic horse= 51 yrs!!-average Przewalski horse (wild)= about 15 yrs.

Page 13: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

At Rest

Only Chew with 1 side at a time.

**Leads to over use of 1 side if pain is present**

Page 14: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

-Creates a rope of hay.

-Creates points on the teeth.-cheek side of upper teeth-tongue side of lower teeth

Page 15: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

-May extend all the way to stomach.-Spit out as “quids”, “quidding”= pain or disrupted flow.

Quid

May look more like a cigar.

Page 16: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Quids/ Quidding

Page 17: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green
Page 18: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Signs of dental pain or disease:

-Obvious-Quidding.-Weight loss.-Awkward chewing behavior.-Bad breath.-Muscle asymmetry.

-Less Obvious-Head shyness.-Resisting the bit.-Poor performance (neck flexion, turning, stopping).-Packing/ holding forage in cheeks.-Head tossing.-Rubbing incisors on metal/ wood, etc. -Becoming antisocial.

Page 19: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Quids

Thin body condition

Page 20: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Awkward chewing behavior

Page 21: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Right temporalis muscle atrophy.

Page 22: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Swollen/ enlarged TMJ (right).

Temporalis atrophy on right.

Page 23: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Holding forage in cheek.

Page 24: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Rubbing teeth on metal

Page 25: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

QUESTIONS??

Page 26: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

POP QUIZ!!

-Please correctly identify the following tooth:

Page 27: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

True or False: Horse’s teeth continually grow throughout their lives.

Page 28: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Equine Dental Balancing

How we help horse’s teeth last as long as possible.

Page 29: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

“To examine a horse’s teeth to see whether they need attention, back the horse into a single stall, remove the halter or bridle and if necessary put a neck strap on the animal, then stand directly in front of the horse and reach into the mouth, grasp the tongue and pull it out to one side with one hand and lift the sides of the cheeks with the other. In this way, you will be able to see the full set of molars or grinders. If the inside edges of the lower teeth, or the outside edges of the upper teeth are ragged, rough and sharp thy need dressing.”

-Dr. David Roberts

Page 30: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

“The Practical Home Veterinarian”-21st edition, 1935

Dr. David Roberts, Chicago Veterinary College 1889

Page 31: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Colic Treatment= rub mustard on the belly.

Today= Ultrasound, bloodwork, endoscopy, laparoscopy, motility modifiers, pain management, anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, etc, etc.

Tendon Injury= apply “lucky 4” blister liniment.

Today=Laser therapy, stem cells, IRAP, PRP, shockwave, banamine, botox, etc, etc.

Dentistry= ??????????

Page 32: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

WE MUST DRIVE THE PRACTICE FORWARD!!! YOU MUST DEMAND IT (AND PAY FOR IT),

HORSES DESERVE IT!!

Page 33: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

It is estimated that 2% of horses in the US receive regular dental care.

-Probably less than 10% of those are quality procedures.

Horses are routinely euthanized for no other reason than expired teeth from chronic misuse.

Teeth are like hooves; some lucky horses have great anatomy, but most do not.

Page 34: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Routine Dentistry:

-Inspect entire mouth (in addition to teeth) and every single tooth.-dental caries, fractures, periodontal disease, packing feed

between teeth, missing teeth, etc.

-Soften/ remove dental points and other irregularities.

-Maximize occlusion of cheek teeth.-goal is to have all teeth used evenly and equally.

**ONLY POSSIBLE WITH PROPER EQUIPMENT**

Page 35: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

“Must Have” tools of the trade:(expect nothing less)

-Sedation! -it is dangerous and a physical impossibility to even do a

thorough exam without sedation.

-A very bright light.-example.

-Power Instruments.-hand floats are traumatic, dangerous, and give people a false

impression that they have helped their horse.-*power instruments can be very damaging if misused*

-Knowledge and Passion.

Page 36: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

At least sedate and examine starting at 2-3 yrs old.

-then every 1-3yrs depending on the individual.

Why so young?-shedding baby teeth (caps) are most common cause of a “wave mouth”.

Due to timing of baby teeth shedding and adult teeth erupting.

Page 37: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Common Dental Pathology

Incisor Wedge

Page 38: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Large Hooks and points

Page 39: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Malalignment

Page 40: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Missing Teeth

Page 41: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

Parrot mouth

Page 42: San Juan Veterinary Clinic Equine Dentistry Service Presents: Understanding your horse’s teeth Dr. Justin Green

**The photos in this presentation have been obtained from various professional online resources.**