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Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
Basic Japanese Language
i
Basic Japanese Language
e©fyd tkikuh Hkk’kk
Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.
Shekhar Jayal
ii
Publishing-in-support-of,
EDUCREATION PUBLISHING
RZ 94, Sector - 6, Dwarka, New Delhi - 110075 Shubham Vihar, Mangla, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh - 495001
Website: www.educreation.in ____________________________________________________________________________________
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ISBN: 978-1-61813-414-1
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Printed in India
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iii
BASIC JAPANESE
LANGUAGE e©fyd tkikuh Hkk’kk
Shekhar Jayal ‚ks[kj t;ky
EDUCREATION PUBLISHING (Since 2011)
www.educreation.in
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iv
Dedicated to my dear mother
esjh fÁ; ekrkth d¨ leÆir
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v
Preface
I have been involved in teaching Japanese language in various institutions for the last ten
years. I have learnt and taught Japanese Language using variety of books some of which should
get a mention here and these are Minna no Nihongo, Nihongo Shōkyū, Yansan to Nihon no
Hitobito, Genki, Japanese for Everybody and Japanese for Busy People etc.
I know that there are many books of Japanese language in India but still there is a dearth
of it in our mother tongue. Some of my students those who are the employees of Japanese
companies in India are not well-versed in English and always find it difficult to understand
Japanese Language from the books which are written in English. So the idea of writing this book
bilingually (English and Hindi) came into existence.
While writing this book I have thoroughly studied the above mentioned books and
obliged to them to a great deal. I am also grateful to Mrs Miyuki Sawano for helping me in
simplifying this book. She was my teacher during the Japanese Language Teacher’s Training
Course.
I have tried my best to simplify this book but since I am a human, there may be mistakes
in it. So if there is any, please let me know at my email i.d. and mobile number. I shall be much
obliged to you.
Shekhar Jayal
Mobile No. +91–9871957980
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vi
ÁkDdFku
eSa fiNys nl o’k¨Z ls fofHkUu laLFkku¨a esa tkikuh Hkk’kk d¨ i<k+us esa lfEefyr jgk gw¡A eSaus
tkikuh Hkk’kk d¨ fofHkUu Ádkj fd iqLrd¨ dk Á;¨x djd¢ lh[kk gS v©j mu iqLrd¨ ls i<k+;k gS] muesa
ls dqN dk mYys[k djuk t#jh gS t¨ fd gS] feUuk u¨ fug¨Ux¨] fug¨Ux¨ ‚k¨v¨D;qm] ;kUlku r¨ fug¨u
u¨ fgr¨fcr¨] xsfUd] tsisful Q¨j ,osfjc¨Mh v©j tsisful Q¨j chth fiiy bR;kfnA
eSa tkurk gw¡ fd Hkkjr eSa cgqr lh tkikuh Hkk’kk fd fdrkcsa gSa ij gekjh ekr` Hkk’kk eSa budh vHkh
deh gSA esjs dqN fo|kFkÊ t¨ fd tkikuh dEifu; a esa dk;Zjr gS v©j vaXkszth Hkk’kk esa vPNh rjg ls
Áoh.k ugha gS] vaXkszth Hkk’kk esa fyf[kr fdrkc a ls tkikuh Hkk’kk d¨ le>us esa lnSo dfBukà ikrs gSA
blfy, bl fdrkc d¨ n¨ Hkk’kkv¨a esa (vaXkszth v©j fgUnh) fy[kus dk fopkj vfLrRo esa vk;kA
bl fdrkc d¨ fy[kus d¢ n©jku eSaus mij¨Dr fdrkc a dk laiw.kZ #i ls v/;;u fd;k v©j eSa
budk cgqr vkHkkjh gw¡A eSa bl iqLrd d¢ ljyhdj.k esa Jhefr fe;qdh lkoku¨ dk Hkh vkHkkj ÁdV djrk
gw¡A os tkikuh Hkk’kk v/;kid Áf‛k{k.k ikB;Øe d¢ n©jku esjh v/;kfidk FkhA
eSaus bl fdrkc d¨ ljy cukus dk Hkjld Á;kl fd;k gS fdUrq eSa ,d euq’; gw¡ blfy,
xyfr;k¡ g¨ ldrh gSA ;fn dgha d¨Ã g¨ r¨] Ñi;k eq>d¨ esjh besy vkb- Mh- v©j e¨ckby ij lqfpr
djsaA eSa vkidk cgqr vkHkkjh jgw¡xkA
‚ks[kj t;ky
e¨ckby u-+91–9871957980
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vii
Japan
The Japanese name for Japan is “Nihon” or “Nippon” which means “sun origin”. Japan is an
island nation which belongs to the continent of Asia. It is surrounded by the Sea of Japan to the
East and the Pacific Ocean to the West. It is made up of 6852 islands. It has many volcanoes and
experiences many earthquakes. More than 70% of the area of Japan consists of mountains. The
highest point in Japan is Mount Fuji, which stands at 3,776m (12,388ft). There are about
127,220,000 people living in Japan, which is the tenth largest population in the world. Tokyo is
the capital of Japan and also the largest city. Other major cities include Osaka, Nagoya and
Sapporo. Japanese is the official language of Japan. Ancient warriors of Japan were known as
Samurai. They were very skilled fighters and swordsmen. Japan is an industrialized nation,
producing most technologically advanced motor vehicles, electronics, and machine tools. Japan
is a world leader in robotics. Japanese cuisines have become popular around the world. Some
well-known dishes are sushi, sashimi and tempura. It is home to many different forms of martial
arts which are known as Karate, Judo, Sumo, Ninjutsu, Kendo, Jujutsu and Aikido etc. Although
Sumo is recognized as the national sport of Japan, but the most popular sport is baseball. Japan's
literacy rate is almost 100%. Shinto and Buddhism are the major religions of Japan. A very
small minority of Japanese are Christians. Animated Japanese films and television shows
account for 60% of the world’s animation.
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viii
tkiku
tkiku dk tkikuh uke Þfug¨uÞ ;k ÞfuIi¨uÞ gS ftldk vFkZ g¨rk gS “lw;Z mRifr”A tkiku ,d }hi
ns‚k gS t¨ fd ,f‛k;k egk}hi ls lacaf/kr gSA ;g iwoZ esa tkiku lkxj v©j if‛pe esa Á‛kkar egklkxj ls
f?kjk gqvk gSA ;g 6852 }hi¨ ls cuk gSA bles dà Tokykeq[kh gSa v©j dkQh HkwdEi vkrs gSA tkiku dk
70% {ks= igkM+ gSA tkiku dk lcls m¡pk LFky Qqth igkM+ gS t¨ fd 3]776 ehVj ¼12]388 QhV½ gSA
tkiku ij yxHkx 127]220]000 y¨x jgrs gSa t¨ fd fo‛o dk nloka lcls T;knk tula[;k okyk ns‛k
gSA r¨D;¨ ;gk¡ fd jkt/kkuh gS v©j lcls cM+k uxj HkhA nwljs cM+s uxj¨a esa v¨lkdk] ukx¨;k v©j
lkIi¨j¨ bR;kfn lfEefyr gSaA tsiful tkiku fd vkf/kdkfjd Hkk’kk gSA tkiku d¢ Ákphu ;¨}k lkeqjkb
dgyk, tkrs FksA os cgqr gh fuiq.k ;¨}k o ryokfj;k FksA tkiku ,d v©|¨fxd ns‛k gS t¨ fd lcls
mPp Js.kh rdfud fd e¨Vj xkfM;k¡] bySDVªkfuDl v©j e‛khu midj.k dk mRiknu djrk gSA tkiku
fo‛o esa j¨c¨fVDl esa vxqvk gSA tkiku fd ikd&‛kSyh Hkh fo‛oHkj esa Áfl} gSA lqf‛k] lkf‛kfe v©j
rsEiqjk dqN lqifjfpr Hk¨tu gSaA ;g dqN ;q} dykv¨a dh tUeHkwfe gS t¨ fd djkrs] tqn¨] lqe¨]
fuUtqRlq] d¢Un¨] tqtqRlq v©j vkbfdn¨ bR;kfn ls tkus tkrs gSaA ;}fi lqe¨ tkiku dk jk’Vªh; [ksy
ekuk tkrk gS ysfdu cslcky lcls Ápfyr [ksy gSA tkiku fd lk{kjrk nj yxHkx 100% gSA f‛kUr¨
v©j cq}hLe tkiku d¢ eq[; /keZ gSA tkiku esa Fk¨M+h ek=k esa Ãlkb vYila[;d gSA fo‛o esa ,fues‛ku esa
60% tsiful ,fuesVsM fQYEl v©j Vsfyfotu Á¨xke gSaA
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Basic Japanese Language
1
Japanese Script
Japanese is written in three ways Hiragana, Katakana and Kanji. Hiragana and Katakana are
phonetic representation of sounds and Kanji is the pictorial representation which gives meaning
as well as sound. There are about 1945 kanjis fixed as essential for daily use. Katakana is used
to write foreign names and loan words. Apart from above-mentioned ways of writing, Romaji
(Roman letters) are sometimes used for the convenience of foreigners.There is no plual in
Japanese Languge. Plural of the things is made by using counters.
tkikuh fyfi
tkikuh Hkk’kk rhu Ádkj ls fy[kh tkrh gS] fgjkxkuk] dkrkdkuk v©j dkfUtA fgjkxkuk v©j dkrkdkuk
/ofu ls lEcfU/kr Loj d¨ ÁnÆ‛kr djrs gSa v©j dkfUt fp= laca/kh gS t¨ fd vFkZ d¢ vfrfjDr Loj Hkh
nsrh gSA Áfrfnu Á;¨x esa vkus okyh vfuok;Z 1945 dkfUt gSaA dkrkdkuk dk Á;¨x fons‛kh uke¨a v©j
nwljh Hkk’kkv¨a ls fy, x, ‚kCn¨ d¨ fy[kus d¢ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA mij¨Dr fy[kus dh jhfr d¢
vfrfjDr j¨ekth ¼j¨eu v{kj½ dk Hkh Á;¨x fd;k tkrk gSA tkikuh Hkk’kk esa cgqopu ugha g¨rkA oLrqv¨
dk cgqopu dkmaVlZ dk Á;¨x djd¢ cuk;k tkrk gSA
A vk I b U m E , O v¨
Ka dk Ki fd Ku dq Ke d¢ Ko d¨
Sa lk Shi f‛k Su lq Se ls So l¨
Ta rk Chi fp Tsu Rlq Te rs To r¨
Na uk Ni fu Nu uq Ne us No u¨
Ha gk Hi fg Fu Qq He gs Ho g¨
Ma ek Mi fe Mu eq Me es Mo e¨
Ya ;k Yu ;q Yo ;¨
Ra jk Ri fj Ru # Re js Ro j¨
Wa ok O v¨
N u
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2
Ga xk Gi fx Gu xq Ge xs Go x¨
Za tk Zi ft Zu tq Ze ts Zo t¨
Da nk Zi ft Zu tq De ns Do n¨
Ba ck Bi fc Bu cq Becs Bo c¨
Pa ik Pi fi Pu iq Pe is Po i¨
Kya D;k Kyu D;q Kyo D;¨
Sha ‚kk Shu ‚kq Sho ‚k¨
Cha pk Chu pq Cho p¨
Nya U;k Nyu U;q Nyo U;¨
Hya g;k Hyu g;q Hyo g;¨
Mya E;k Myu E;q Myo E;¨
Rya j;k Ryu j;q Ryo j;¨
Gya X;k Gyu X;q Gyo X;¨
Jya T;k Jyu T;q Jyo T;¨
Bya C;k Byu C;q Byo C;¨
Pya I;k Pyu I;q Pyo I;¨
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Basic Japanese Language
3
Pronunciation of longer vowel sounds ¼yEch Loj /ofu;¨a dk mPpkj.k½:-
1. ā is pronounced longer.
vkvk d¨ yEck vk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
2. kā is pronounced longer.
dkvk d¨ yEck dk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
3. gā is pronounced longer.
xkvk d¨ yEck xk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
4. sā is pronounced longer.
lkvk d¨ yEck lk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
5. zā is pronounced longer.
tkvk d¨ yEck tk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
6. tā is pronounced longer.
rkvk d¨ yEck rk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
7. dā is pronounced longer.
nkvk d¨ yEck nk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
8. nā is pronounced longer.
ukvk d¨ yEck uk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
9. hā is pronounced longer.
gkvk d¨ yEck gk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
10. bā is pronounced longer.
ckvk d¨ yEck ck mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
11. pā is pronounced longer.
ikvk d¨ yEck ik mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
12. mā is pronounced longer.
ekvk d¨ yEck ek mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
13. yā is pronounced longer.
;kvk d¨ yEck ;k mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
14. rā is pronounced longer.
jkvk d¨ yEck jk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
15. ī is pronounced longer.
à d¨ yEck à mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
16. kī is pronounced longer.
dhb d¨ yEck dh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
17. gī is pronounced longer.
xhb d¨ yEck xh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
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18. shī is pronounced longer.
‚khb d¨ yEck ‚kh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
19. zī is pronounced longer.
thb d¨ yEck th mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
20. chī is pronounced longer.
phb d¨ yEck ph mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
21. nī is pronounced longer.
uhb d¨ yEck uh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
22. hī is pronounced longer.
ghb d¨ yEck gh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
23. bī is pronounced longer.
chb d¨ yEck ch mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
24. pī is pronounced longer.
ihb d¨ yEck ih mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
25. mī is pronounced longer.
ehb d¨ yEck eh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
26. rī is pronounced longer.
jhb d¨ yEck jh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
27. kū is pronounced longer.
dwm d¨ yEck dw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
28. gū is pronounced longer.
xwm d¨ yEck xw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
29. sū is pronounced longer.
lwm d¨ yEck lw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
30. zū is pronounced longer.
twm d¨ yEck tw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
31. tsū is pronounced longer.
Rlwm d¨ yEck Rlw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
32. nū is pronounced longer.
uwm d¨ yEck uw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
33. fū is pronounced longer.
Qwm d¨ yEck Qw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
34. bū is pronounced longer.
cwm d¨ yEck cw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
35. pū is pronounced longer.
iwm d¨ yEck iw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
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Basic Japanese Language
5
36. mū is pronounced longer.
ewm d¨ yEck ew mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
37. yū is pronounced longer.
;wm d¨ yEck ;w mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
38. rū is pronounced longer.
#m d¨ yEck # mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
39. ē is pronounced longer.
,s d¨ yEck ,s mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
40. kē is pronounced longer.
d¢, d¨ yEck d¢ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
41. gē is pronounced longer.
xs, d¨ yEck xs mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
42. sē is pronounced longer.
ls, d¨ yEck ls mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
43. zē is pronounced longer.
tss, d¨ yEck ts mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
44. tē is pronounced longer.
rs, d¨ yEck rs mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
45. dē is pronounced longer.
ns, d¨ yEck nss mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
46. nē is pronounced longer.
us, d¨ yEck us mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
47. hē is pronounced longer.
gs, d¨ yEck gs mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
48. bē is pronounced longer.
cs, d¨ yEck cs mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
49. pē is pronounced longer.
is, d¨ yEck is mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
50. mē is pronounced longer.
es, d¨ yEck es mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
51. rē is pronounced longer.
js, d¨ yEck js mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
52. ō is pronounced longer.
v¨v¨ d¨ yEck v¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
53. kō is pronounced longer.
d¨v¨ d¨ yEck d¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
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Shekhar Jayal
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54. gō is pronounced longer.
x¨v¨ d¨ yEck x¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
55. sō is pronounced longer.
l¨v¨ d¨ yEck l¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
56. shō is pronounced longer.
‛k¨v¨ d¨ yEck ‛k¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
57. zō is pronounced longer.
t¨v¨ d¨ yEck t¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
58. tō is pronounced longer.
r¨v¨ d¨ yEck r¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
59. dō is pronounced longer.
n¨v¨ d¨ yEck n¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
60. nō is pronounced longer.
u¨v¨ d¨ yEck u¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
61. hō is pronounced longer.
g¨v¨ d¨ yEck g¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
62. bō is pronounced longer.
c¨v¨ d¨ yEck c¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
63. pō is pronounced longer.
i¨v¨ d¨ yEck i¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
64. mō is pronounced longer.
e¨v¨ d¨ yEck e¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
65. yō is pronounced longer.
;¨v¨ d¨ yEck ;¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
66. rō is pronounced longer.
j¨v¨ d¨ yEck j¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA
Devoicing of vowel: Loj dk v?k¨’k.k ¼vkokt jfgr Loj½
Desu is pronounced as des. Desu d¨ nsl dh rjg mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
Masu is pronounced as mas. Masu d¨ ekl dh rjg mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA
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Basic Japanese Language
7
Index fo’k; lwph
S.No.
Øe l-
Page Nos.
i`’B l-
1. Lesson- 1 Hajimemashite? 10 – 16
v/;k; - gkftesekf‛krs?
2. Lesson- 2 Kore wa nan desu ka? 17 - 24
v/;k; - d¨js ok uku nsl dk?
3. Lesson- 3 Takushīnoriba ga arimasu ka? 25 - 32
v/;k; - rkdq‛khbu¨fjck xk vkfjekl dk\
4. Bowing (Ojigi) ueu ¼v¨ftfx½ 33
5. Lesson- 4 Taoru o nimai kudasai. 34 - 41
v/;k; - rkv¨# v¨ fuekb dqnklkbA
6. Lesson- 5 Namae o kaite kudasai. 42 - 50
v/;k; - ukek, v¨ dkbrs dqnklkbA
7. Japanese Greetings
tkikuh vfHkuUnu@lRdkj
51 - 52
8. Lesson- 6 Nanji ni okimasu ka? 53 - 66
v/;k; - ukfUt fu v¨fdekl dk\
9. Lesson- 7 Kyōto e ikimashita. 67 - 74
v/;k; D;¨v¨r¨ , bfdekf‛krkA
10. Japanese Festival
tkikuh R;©gkj
75 - 76
11. Lesson- 8 Kasa o sagashite imasu. 77 - 83
v/;k; - dklk v¨ lkxkf‛krs beklA
12. Lesson- 9 Chotto samui desu. 84 - 90
v/;k; - p¨Rr¨ lkeqb nslA
13. Japanese Art & Craft
tkikuh dyk v©j f‚kYi
91–92
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Shekhar Jayal
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14. Lesson- 10 Totemo tanoshikatta desu. 93 - 100
v/;k; - r¨rse¨ rku¨ sf‛kdkRrk nslA
15. Lesson- 11 Indo no ryōri ga suki desu ka? 101 - 107
v/;k; - bUn¨ u¨ j;¨v¨fj xk lqfd dk\
16. Japanese Sports
tkikuh [ksy 108 - 109
17. Lesson- 12 Yasumi ga hoshī desu. 110 - 117
v/;k; - ;klqfe xk g¨‛khb nslA
18. Lesson- 13 Pen o agemasu. 118 - 124
v/;k; - isu v¨ vkxseklA
19. Japanese Cuisine tkikuh O;atu
125 - 126
20. Lesson- 14 Tomeru koto ga dekimasu ka? 127 - 135
v/;k; - r¨es# d¨r¨ xk nsfdekl dk\
21. Lesson- 15 Totemo rippa de hirokatta desu. 136 - 141
v/;k; - r¨rse¨ fjIik ns fgj¨dkRrk nslA
22. Japanese Costumes
tkikuh os‚kHkw‘kk 142
23. Lesson-16 Doko de katta n desu ka? 143 - 151
v/;k; - n¨d¨ ns dkRrk u nsl dk\
24. Lesson-17 Ame ga furu deshō ka? 152 - 157
v/;k; - vkes xk Qq# ns‛k¨v¨ dk\
25. Appendix - Counting 158 - 159
ifjf‛k’V ¼fxurh½
26. Appendix - Days of the Week & Months 160
ifjf‛k’V ¼lIrkg d¢ fnu@eghus½
27. Appendix -Dates 161
ifjf‛k’V ¼frfFk½
28. Appendix - Week 162
ifjf‛k’V ¼lIrkg½
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Basic Japanese Language
9
29. Appendix - Telling of time 163
ifjf‛k’V ¼le; dk crkuk½
30. Appendix - Hours & Days 164
ifjf‛k’V ¼?kUVs v©j fnu½
31. Appendix - Months & Year 165
ifjf‛k’V ¼eghus v©j lky½
32. Appendix -Counters 166- 168
ifjf‛k’V ¼dkmaVlZ½
33. Appendix - Verb 169- 173
ifjf‛k’V ¼fØ;k½
34. Appendix - Adjective 174 - 175
ifjf‛k’V ¼fo‛ks’k.k½
35. Answer sheet
¼mRrj iqfLrdk½
177 - 218
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Shekhar Jayal
10
Lesson (v/;k;)-1 Vocabulary¼‛kCnkoyh½
1. Watashi okrkf‛k I ¼eSa½
2. Anata vkukrk You ¼rqe@vki½
3. Watashitachi okrkf‛krkfp We ¼ge½
4. Gakusē xkdqls, Student ¼fo|kFkʽ
5. Sensē lsUls, Teacher (Not to be used for one’s own job)
¼v/;kid ¼bldk Á;¨x vius Lo;aa d¢ dk;Z d¢
fy, ugha g¨rk gS½
6. Kyōshi D;¨v¨f‛k Teacher ¼v/;kid½
7. Kaisha dkb‛kk Company ¼dEiuh½
8. Kaishain dkb‛kkbu Company employee ¼dEiuh deZpkjh½
9. Ginkō fxUd¨v¨ Bank ¼cSad½
10. Ginkōin fxUd¨v¨bu Bank employee ¼cSad deZpkjh½
11. Isha b‛kk Doctor ¼MkDVj½
12.
Enjinia ,fUtfuvk Engineer ¼bathfu;j½
13. Compūtā d¨EI;wmrkvk Computer ¼dEI;wVj½
14. Kuruma dq#ek Car ¼dkj½
15. Honda g¨Unk A famous car company
¼,d Áfl) dkj dEiuh½
16. Jin ftu Jin is used as a suffix with a country’s
name and means the national of that
country.
¼ÞftuÞ dk ,d ÁR;; dh rjg fdlh ns‛k d¢
uke d¢ lkFk Á;¨x fd;k tkrk gS v©j bldk
vFkZ g¨rk gS ml ns‛k dk ukxfjd½
17. Nihon fug¨u Japan ¼tkiku½
18. Nihonjin fug¨uftu Japanese national ¼tkiku dk ukxfjd½
19. Indo bUn¨ India ¼Hkkjr½
20. Indojin bUn¨ftu Indian national ¼Hkkjr dk ukxfjd½
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Basic Japanese Language
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