saleem ullah khan

7/29/2019 Saleem Ullah Khan

1/17


2/17

SALEEM ULLAH

KHAN08-ECT-22


3/17

Effective

Communications


4/17

The Communications Process

Communication is much more than that; it is about conveying

information, feelings and ideas to others and getting them to

accept and understand what the sender meant, and to make that

communication a part of their own thoughts.

No modern manager follows the principle of mushroom

management, keeping subordinates in the dark and feeding them

manure.

Communications process is only the passing of information to

other.


5/17

Communication is not easy, because people are involved and

people are variable and unpredictable.

Engineering problems can usually be communicated more

exactly because of the use of standardized symbols and

drawings, which form of common vocabulary of engineers.

Managers spend 90 percent of time in communications, it is

important that they communicate well


6/17

Information And Ideas Can Be

Communicated By Three Main

Methods:1. Written such as letters, reports, specifications,

proposals and published articles.

2. Spoken as in face-to-face discussions, presentationsand meetings.

3. Visual which is often used in conjunction with one

of the above, such as body language used in face-to-face discussions or meetings; slides used in

presentations; and videos


7/17

The Message Being Communicated

Usually Consists Of Two Parts:

1. The report, which gives information.

2. The command, which indicates how the messageshould be received and defines the relationship

between the sender and the receiver.

For Example:The message is it is raining may be considered to be

only a report, a statement.


8/17

The communication process takes

several steps as below:

This is intended to tell the receiver of the message thatit, the rain, is undesirable, perhaps because the will need

to postpone their game of tennis or will get wet on their

way to lunch. Similarly, the innocent statement this is expensive.


9/17

The sender formats the message before transmitting it to thereceiver.

Formatting can take several forms, such as spoken word orbody language.

The formatted message is transmitted and must beunformatted by the receiver before it can be understood.

The response from the receiver to the sender is importantfeedback, since it indicates to the sender whether themessage has been correctly received


10/17

Formal versus Informal

Communication

. Formal communication refers to communication that followsthe official chain of command or is Part of the communication

required to do ones job

Informal communication is organizational communication that

is not defined by the Organizations

Informal communication systems permit employees tosatisfy their needs for social interaction.

Informal communication systems can improve anorganizations performance by creating alternative, andfrequently faster and more efficient, channels ofcommunication


11/17

Communications flow

Communication must flow up and down the

organization as well as sideways.

Before communication takes place several questions

need to be clearly answered such as:

What is to be communicated?

When is communication to take place?

Where is communication to occur?

Why is it necessary to communicate?

How is communication to occur?


12/17

Common Methods For Downward

Communication

Downward communication is a vertical communication that flows

from a higher level to one or more lower levels in the

organization

Down the organization line.

On a one-to-one basis between the manager and subordinate.

Through representatives, who then pass on the message to their

groups.

The effectiveness of downward communication can beincreased by using multiple channels, by repeating the

message, and by encouraging feedback.


13/17

Common Methods For Upward

Communication Are:

Upward communication is the vertical flow of communication

from a lower level to one or more higher levels in the

organization.

Up the formal organization chain. On a one-to-one basis between the subordinate and

manager.

Through surveys of group concerned, this may be

anonymous.

Via a formal system such as a suggestion scheme.


14/17

Upward communication can be distorted if:

Subordinates filter information that they send upward.

Managers do not expend enough effort to encourage

upward communication


15/17

Communication Has Four Main

Objectives

To share a vision and to ensure that everyone is clear

about the goal and the purpose. This may be directed at

people within the organization as well outside such as

share holders and customers. To ensure that all are pulling in the same direction with

coordinated effort. The aim of communication is to

break barriers, such as exit between team and

departments. Informal communication, such as occuraround the coffee machine, play an important role in

this.


16/17

To motivates individuals and team, to influence attitude

and to build trust between team members and theirleader.

To ensure that errors in decision making are reduced.The quality of decision is depending on the information

it is biased on. Upward and downward communication

is essentials to ensure that the best possible information

is available at all levels for effective decisions making


17/17

THANKS

saleem ullah khan

Documents