salary equity - aamc...the faculty salary survey in 2017 when compared by gender and department...
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Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
Equal access toresources andopportunities
Minimizingunconscious
bias
Leadershipengagement
Enhancingwork-lifebalance
SALARYEQUITY
Institutions may consider adopting this framework for gender equity:
FIGURE 1:
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
In addition to applying a gender-equity framework, institutions should leverage additional broad frameworks for institutional equity.
One such framework from the University of Southern California’s Center for Urban Education (2018) encourages institutions to adopt
”equity-mindedness” where their practices are:
EVIDENCE- BASED
RACE- CONSCIOUS
SYSTEMATICALLYAWARE
INSTITUTIONALLY FOCUSED
EQUITY- ADVANCING
FIGURE 2:
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
FULL-TIME FACULTY BY DEPARTMENT TYPE, RANKAND GENDER AT ALL U.S. MEDICAL SCHOOLS
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Clinical ScienceWomen
Clinical ScienceMen
Basic ScienceWomen
Basic ScienceMen
FULL PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
INSTRUCTOR OTHER FACULTY RANKS
41%
26% 26%
11%
18%
54%
13%
21%
44%
7%2%
23%
38%
7%
6%
23%
28%
4%4% 4%
FULL-TIME FACULTY BY DEPARTMENT TYPE, RANK, AND GENDER AT ALL U.S. MEDICAL SCHOOLS
Women made up a smaller percentage than men of full-time faculty at higher ranks.
KEY TAKEAWAY
FIGURE 3:
Source: Dec. 31, 2018, snapshot of the AAMC Faculty Roster. (n=175,037)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
SEVEN-YEAR PROMOTION OUTCOMES FOR FULL-TIME FIRST-TIME ASSISTANT PROFESSORS AND FIRST-TIME
ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2008-2009
The percentage of full-time women faculty who advanced in rank during a seven-year period was smaller than that for men during the same period.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Note: Each full-time faculty member whose initial assistant professor appointment or initial associate professor appointment began at any point from July 1, 2008, through June 30, 2009, was tracked for seven years to determine promotion outcomes. The total number of faculty in each initial cohort is in parentheses above. Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Women Assistant toAssociate Professor (N =334)
Men Assistant toAssociate Professor (N = 503)
Women Associate toFull Professor (N = 194)
Men Associate toFull Professor (N = 329)
Percentage of Faculty
Full-Time Clinical Science Faculty Promotions
Full-Time Basic Science Faculty Promotions
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Women Assistant toAssociate Professor (N = 3,579)
Men Assistant toAssociate Professor (N = 4,424)
Women Associate toFull Professor (N = 1,034)
Men Associate toFull Professor (N = 1,968)
31%
28%
26%
20%
27%
22%
20%
15% 44% 38%3%
44% 32%4%
53% 21%4%
47% 21%4%
42% 34%5%
39% 30%5%
51% 19%3%
48% 17%5%
Promoted — SameInstitution/Department
Promoted — DifferentInstitution/Department
Not Promoted — Stillin Academic Medicine
Not Promoted — LeftAcademic Medicine
FIGURE 4:
Source: Dec. 31, 2018, snapshot of the AAMC Faculty Roster.
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
WORKPLACE ENGAGEMENT AND CULTURE
A smaller percentage of women faculty than men faculty perceived that there were equitable opportunities for all faculty regardless of gender at their medical schools.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Source: Data are from the AAMC StandPoint Faculty Engagement Survey collected between August 2015 and August 2018 across 29 institutions and representing 20,123 faculty respondents.
18% WOMEN
1% MEN
REPORT EXPERIENCING AN INCIDENT OF
DISRESPECT BASED ON THEIR GENDER IN THE
PAST YEAR
WHEN EXAMINED ACROSS SPECIALTY,
PERCENTAGES RISE TO OVER 25% REPORTING
DISRESPECT BY GENDER ACROSS SOME
FACULTY GROUPS
36% WOMEN
64% WOMEN
66% WOMEN
58% WOMEN
50% WOMEN
35% MEN
85% MEN
76% MEN
43% MEN
60% MEN
REPORT HAVING A FORMAL MENTOR
BELIEVE THEIR MEDICAL SCHOOL OFFERS EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES TO FACULTY REGARDLESS OF GENDER
THINK THEIR DEPARTMENT IS SUCCESSFUL IN RETAINING FEMALE FACULTY
DO NOT HAVE A FORMAL MENTOR BUT FEEL HAVING ONE IS IMPORTANT
AGREE THAT DIVERSITY IS REPRESENTED IN ALL LEVELS OF THE MEDICAL SCHOOL
FIGURE 5:
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
ALLOCATION AND PERCEPTIONS OF EFFORT: FULL-TIME BASIC SCIENCE FACULTY
MEN
WO
MEN
TEACHING/EDUCATION
RESEARCH/SCHOLARSHIP
PATIENT CARE/CLIENT SERVICES
ADMINISTRATION/INSTITUTIONAL SERVICE
TEACHING/EDUCATION
RESEARCH/SCHOLARSHIP
PATIENT CARE/CLIENT SERVICES
ADMINISTRATION/INSTITUTIONAL SERVICE
TOO LITTLE TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
ABOUT RIGHT TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
TOO MUCH TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
TOO LITTLE TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
ABOUT RIGHT TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
TOO MUCH TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Admin/Service(8.3 hours)
Patient Care(1.9 hours)
Research(32.3 hours)
Teaching(11.4 hours)
6% 63% 31%
12%
29%
9% 78% 13%
63% 8%
77% 11%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Admin/Service(8.4 hours)
Patient Care(0.8 hours)
Research(35.2 hours)
Teaching(11.3 hours)
4% 68% 27%
12%
25%
9% 83%
67% 8%
8%
80% 8%
60%
63%
21%
20%
16%
15%
3%
2%
AV
ER
AG
E H
OU
RS P
ER
WEEK
IN E
AC
H M
ISSIO
N A
REA
AV
ER
AG
E H
OU
RS P
ER
WEEK
IN E
AC
H M
ISSIO
N A
REA
Allocation of Effort Perceptions of Effort
Allocation of Effort Perceptions of Effort
The number of working hours for an average week reported by full-time women faculty was similar to that reported by men, with two
hours per week fewer among women basic science faculty.
KEY TAKEAWAY
FIGURE 6:
Source: Data are from the AAMC StandPoint Faculty Engagement Survey collected between August 2015 and August 2018 across 29 institutions and representing 20,123 faculty respondents.
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
ALLOCATION AND PERCEPTIONS OF EFFORT: FULL-TIME CLINICAL SCIENCE FACULTY
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Admin/Service(7.6 hours)
Patient Care(27.4 hours)
Research(10.4 hours)
Teaching(8.6 hours)
18% 61% 21%
31%
4% 59% 37%
65% 4%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Admin/Service(8.4 hours)
Patient Care(28.1 hours)
Research(11.8 hours)
Teaching(8.6 hours)
14% 66% 20%
29%
50%
63%
47% 3%
33%
69% 2%
58% 40% 2%
4%
TOO LITTLE TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
ABOUT RIGHT TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
TOO MUCH TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
TOO LITTLE TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
ABOUT RIGHT TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
TOO MUCH TIME/EFFORT SPENT IN MISSION AREA
51%
49%
21%
15%
15%
19%
16%
14%
TEACHING/EDUCATION
RESEARCH/SCHOLARSHIP
PATIENT CARE/CLIENT SERVICES
ADMINISTRATION/INSTITUTIONAL SERVICE
TEACHING/EDUCATION
RESEARCH/SCHOLARSHIP
PATIENT CARE/CLIENT SERVICES
ADMINISTRATION/INSTITUTIONAL SERVICE
AV
ER
AG
E H
OU
RS P
ER
WEEK
IN E
AC
H M
ISSIO
N A
REA
AV
ER
AG
E H
OU
RS P
ER
WEEK
IN E
AC
H M
ISSIO
N A
REA
MEN
WO
MEN
Allocation of Effort Perceptions of Effort
Allocation of Effort Perceptions of Effort
The number of working hours for an average week reported by full-time women faculty was similar to that reported by men, with three
hours per week fewer among women clinical science faculty.
KEY TAKEAWAY
FIGURE 7:
Source: Data are from the AAMC StandPoint Faculty Engagement Survey collected between August 2015 and August 2018 across 29 institutions and representing 20,123 faculty respondents.
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
Faculty Representation
SAMPLE REPRESENTATION FOR FY 2017 FACULTY SALARY SURVEY DATA ANALYSIS
Among full-time faculty at higher ranks, women made up a lower percentage than men.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=102,110)
Note: “**” Indicates that fewer than five women faculty were reported. This table displays the percentage of women from the sample where gender is known, thus excluding “unknown” and “decline to answer” values.
PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN REPORTED IN FY 2017 FACULTY SALARY SURVEY BY DEPT./SPECIALTYDEPARTMENT CATEGORY
Anatomy
Biochemistry
Genetics
Microbiology
Molecular and Cell. Biology
Neurosciences
Pharmacology
Physiology
Other Basic Sciences
BASIC SCIENCE SUBTOTAL
Anesthesiology
Dermatology
Emergency Medicine
Family Medicine
Medicine
Neurology
OB/GYN
Ophthalmology
Otolaryngology
Pathology
Pediatrics
Phys. Med. and Rehab.
Psychiatry
Radiology
Surgery
Other Clinical Sciences
CLINICAL SCIENCE SUBTOTAL
CHAIR
17%14%**
17%28%17%18%13%25%19%
11%30%15%29%14%9%
32%13%**
20%21%25%20%17%3%
49%16%
CHIEF
****************
37%35%
16%44%13%35%22%20%34%31%18%25%37%**
21%22%9%28%24%
PROFESSOR
28%21%30%23%30%24%21%22%33%26%
21%31%18%35%24%21%36%22%19%32%36%37%34%20%13%41%26%
ASSOC.PROF.
33%30%32%34%35%30%34%29%45%35%
31%56%28%48%36%40%56%37%26%42%51%50%48%26%19%52%38%
ASST.PROF.
47%32%41%42%38%37%36%41%47%41%
39%58%37%56%44%46%72%44%36%50%62%51%59%32%27%56%47%
INSTRUCTOR
47%47%34%59%48%48%38%35%55%46%
40%52%47%51%48%48%80%54%52%56%66%54%60%37%30%56%49%
TABLE 1:
Similar percentages of full-time faculty were reported in the Faculty Roster and the Faculty Salary Survey in 2017 when compared by gender and department type.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=96,848) Note: Data reflect only full-time faculty reported in professor, associate, assistant, and instructor ranks from both data sources.
35% WOMEN
34% WOMEN
41% WOMEN
40% WOMEN
FACULTYROSTER
FACULTYSALARY SURVEY
BASIC SCIENCE BASIC SCIENCECLINICAL SCIENCE CLINICAL SCIENCE
FIGURE 8:
Source: 2017 snapshot of the AAMC Faculty Roster. (n=169,011)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
Note: Analysis excludes chairs, chiefs, and instructors.
FY 2017 DISTRIBUTION OF MEN’S AND WOMEN’S MEDIAN COMPENSATION
Among faculty, 33% of men were paid $200,000 or less, while 49% of women were paid $200,000 or less.
KEY TAKEAWAY
1/2 OF WOMEN
1/3 OF MEN ARE PAID $200K OR LESS
ARE PAID $200K OR LESS
FIGURE 9:
WHO IS PAID LESS?
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=90,383)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION BY GENDER AND RANK
In aggregate, median total compensation for men was greater than for women at every rank.
KEY TAKEAWAY
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
ChairChiefProfessorAssociateProfessor
AssistantProfessor
Instructor
MEN WOMEN
$180,000
$160,000
$243,000
$196,000
$252,000
$205,000
$275,000
$376,000
$505,000
$232,000
$289,000
$400,000
MED
IAN
TO
TAL
CO
MPEN
SA
TIO
N I
N D
OLL
AR
S(R
OU
ND
ED T
O T
HE
NEA
RES
T TH
OU
SAN
D)
FIGURE 10:
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=102,110)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
Gaps in median total compensation existed for women in basic and clinical science departments but were generally larger for women in clinical science.
KEY TAKEAWAY
WHO IS PAID MORE: BASIC SCIENCE
WHO IS PAID MORE: CLINICAL SCIENCE
INSTRUCTOR
INSTRUCTOR
$63,000$61,000
$197,000$171,000
$100,000$95,000
$261,000$204,000
$125,000$123,000
$282,000$222,000
$184,000$178,000
$308,000$253,000
$250,000$214,000
$380,000$291,000
$308,000$292,000
$590,000$506,000
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
PROFESSOR
PROFESSOR
CHIEF
CHIEF
CHAIR
CHAIR
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION BY GENDER, RANK, AND DEPARTMENT TYPE
MEN WOMEN
FIGURE 11:
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=102,110)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION IN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR FOR WOMEN BY DEPARTMENT TYPE AND DEGREE
Women were paid between $0.76 and $0.90 per $1.00 paid to men across department and degree types.
KEY TAKEAWAY
$.76
$0.65
$0.70
$0.75
$0.80
$0.85
$0.90
$0.95
$1.00
U.S. Full-TimeWomen Faculty
Clinical SciencePhD
U.S. Full-TimeWomen Faculty
Basic Science
$.90
$.85
U.S. Full-TimeWomen Faculty
Clinical ScienceMD-PhD
$.82
U.S. Full-TimeWomen Faculty
Clinical ScienceMD
CEN
TS O
N T
HE D
OLL
AR
(BA
SED
ON
MED
IAN
CO
MPE
NSA
TIO
N)
Note: Analysis excludes chairs, chiefs, and instructors.
FIGURE 12:
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=90,383)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION IN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR FOR WOMEN BY DEPARTMENT AND SPECIALTY
Women were paid between $0.72 and $0.96 per $1.00 paid to men across different departments and specialties.
KEY TAKEAWAY
$0.60
$0.65
$0.70
$0.75
$0.80
$0.85
$0.90
$0.95
$1.00
Rad
iolo
gy
Path
olo
gy
Neu
rosc
ien
ces
*
Mo
lecu
lar
& C
ell.
Bio
log
y *
Emer
gen
cy M
edic
ine
Fam
ily M
edic
ine
An
esth
esio
log
y
Oth
er B
asic
Sci
. Dep
ts/S
pec
ialt
ies
*
OB
/GY
N
Bio
chem
istr
y *
An
ato
my
*
Phar
mac
olo
gy
*
Gen
etic
s *
Gen
. In
tern
al M
edic
ine
Der
mat
olo
gy
Neu
rolo
gy
Mic
rob
iolo
gy
*
Ped
iatr
ics
Sub
spec
ialt
y
Oth
er C
linic
al S
ci. D
epts
/Sp
ecia
ltie
s
Op
hth
alm
olo
gy
Gen
eral
Ped
iatr
ics
Ph
ysio
log
y *
Psyc
hia
try
Med
icin
e Su
bsp
ecia
lty
Phys
. Med
. an
d R
ehab
.
Gen
eral
Su
rger
y
Oto
lary
ng
olo
gy
Surg
ery
Sub
spec
ialt
y
$.72
$.77$.78 $.78
$.80$.81
$.83$.84
$.85
$.88
$.86 $.86
$.89 $.91 $.91
$.93 $.93$.94 $.94
$.96
CEN
TS O
N T
HE D
OLL
AR
(B
ASE
D O
N M
EDIA
N C
OM
PEN
SATI
ON
)
Note: Analysis excludes chairs, chiefs, and instructors. “*” indicates basic science departments/specialties.
FIGURE 13:
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=90,383)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
FY 2017 ALL FACULTY MEDIAN COMPENSATION AND CENTS ON THE DOLLAR FOR WOMEN BY DEPARTMENT AND SPECIALTY
Across many of the highest-paying departments and specialties, women were paid less than men.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Note: “*” Indicates basic science departments/specialties. Analysis excludes chairs, chiefs, and instructors.
$0.60
$0.55
$0.50
$0.65
$0.70
$0.75
$0.80
$0.85
$0.90
$0.95
$1.00
$100,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
$450,000
Rad
iolo
gy
Path
olo
gy
Neu
rosc
ien
ces
*
Mo
lecu
lar
& C
ell.
Bio
log
y *
Emer
gen
cy M
edic
ine
Fam
ily M
edic
ine
An
esth
esio
log
y
Oth
er B
asic
Sci
. Dep
ts/S
pec
ialt
ies
*
OB
/GY
N
Bio
chem
istr
y *
An
ato
my
*
Phar
mac
olo
gy
*
Gen
etic
s *
Gen
. In
tern
al M
edic
ine
Der
mat
olo
gy
Neu
rolo
gy
Mic
rob
iolo
gy
*
Ped
iatr
ics
Sub
spec
ialt
y
Oth
er C
linic
al S
ci. D
epts
/Sp
ecia
ltie
s
Op
hth
alm
olo
gy
Gen
eral
Ped
iatr
ics
Ph
ysio
log
y *
Psyc
hia
try
Med
icin
e Su
bsp
ecia
lty
Phys
. Med
. an
d R
ehab
.
Gen
eral
Su
rger
y
Oto
lary
ng
olo
gy
Surg
ery
Sub
spec
ialt
y
CEN
TS O
N T
HE D
OLL
AR
(B
ASE
D O
N M
EDIA
N C
OM
PEN
SATI
ON
)A
LL FAC
ULTY
MED
IAN
CO
MPEN
SA
TION
ALL FACULTY MEDIAN COMPENSATIONCENTS ON THE DOLLAR
FIGURE 14:
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=90,383)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION IN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR FOR WOMEN BY MEDICINE SPECIALTY
Across all medicine departments and specialties, women were paid $0.81 per $1.00 paid to men.
KEY TAKEAWAY
ON THE DOLLARCOMPARED WITH MEN
WOMEN WERE PAID $.81
$0.60
$0.65
$0.70
$0.75
$0.80
$0.85
$0.90
$0.95
$1.00
Ho
spit
al M
ed.-
Med
.
Alle
rgy/
Imm
un
olo
gy-
Med
.
Ger
iatr
ics-
Med
.
Gen
eral
Inte
rnal
-Med
.
Cri
tica
l Car
e-M
ed.
Infe
ctio
us
Dis
ease
-Med
.
End
ocr
ino
log
y-M
ed.
Rh
eum
ato
log
y-M
ed.
Hem
ato
log
y/O
nco
log
y-M
ed.
Nep
hro
log
y-M
ed.
Pulm
on
ary-
Med
.
Gas
tro
ente
rolo
gy-
Med
.
Oth
er M
edic
ine
Car
dio
log
y-M
ed.
$.85$.86
$.87 $.87
$.88$.91
$.92
$.95
$.78$.79
$.80
CEN
TS O
N T
HE D
OLL
AR
(B
ASE
D O
N M
EDIA
N C
OM
PEN
SATI
ON
)
Note: Analysis excludes chairs, chiefs, and instructors.
FIGURE 15:
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=20,985)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION IN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR FOR WOMEN BY PEDIATRIC SPECIALTY
Across all pediatric departments and specialties, women were paid $0.83 per $1.00 paid to men.
KEY TAKEAWAY
$0.60
$0.65
$0.70
$0.75
$0.80
$0.85
$0.90
$0.95
$1.00
$1.05
$1.10
Rh
eum
ato
log
y-Pe
ds.
Neu
rolo
gy-
Ped
s.
Gen
etic
s-Pe
ds.
Hem
ato
log
y/O
nco
log
y-Pe
ds.
Infe
ctio
us
Dis
ease
-Ped
s.
Cri
tica
l Car
e-Pe
ds.
Alle
rgy/
Imm
un
olo
gy-
Ped
s.
Nep
hro
log
y-Pe
ds.
Pulm
on
ary-
Ped
s.
Ho
spit
al M
ed.-
Ped
s.
End
rocr
ino
log
y-Pe
ds.
Emer
gen
cy M
ed.-
Ped
s.
Neo
nat
olo
gy
Oth
er P
edia
tric
s
Ad
ole
scen
t M
edic
ine
Car
dio
log
y-Pe
ds.
Gas
tro
ente
rolo
gy-
Ped
s.
Gen
eral
Ped
s.
$.84$.85 $.85
$.86 $.86$.88
$.89 $.89
$.90$.92 $.93 $.93
$1.04
ON THE DOLLARCOMPARED WITH MEN
WOMEN WERE PAID $.83
CEN
TS O
N T
HE D
OLL
AR
(B
ASE
D O
N M
EDIA
N C
OM
PEN
SATI
ON
)
Note: Analysis excludes chairs, chiefs, and instructors.
FIGURE 16:
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=11,400)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION IN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR FOR WOMEN BY SURGICAL SPECIALTY
$0.50
$0.55
$0.60
$0.65
$0.70
$0.75
$0.80
$0.85
$0.90
$0.95
Surg
ical
On
colo
gy
Trau
ma
& C
riti
cal
Car
e Su
rger
y
Ped
iatr
icSu
rger
y
Plas
tic
Surg
ery
Vas
cula
rSu
rger
y
Oth
erSu
rger
y
Uro
log
y
Gen
eral
Surg
ery
Ort
ho
ped
icSu
rger
y
Tran
spla
nt
Surg
ery
Tho
raci
c &
Car
dio
. Su
rger
y
Neu
rosu
rger
y
$.65 $.65
$.78 $.78
$.81 $.81$.82 $.82
$.88$.90
$.69$.70
ON THE DOLLARCOMPARED WITH MEN
WOMEN WERE PAID $.73
CEN
TS O
N T
HE D
OLL
AR
(B
ASE
D O
N M
EDIA
N C
OM
PEN
SATI
ON
)
Note: Analysis excludes chairs, chiefs, and instructors.
FIGURE 17:
Across all surgical departments and specialties, women were paid $0.73 per $1.00 paid to men.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=9,476)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
$59,000$61,000
$96,000
$88,000
$179,000
$291,000
$167,000
$286,000
$121,000
$117,000
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
ChairProfessorAssoc. ProfessorAssist. ProfessorInstructor
CHIEFS REMOVED PER N<5
PHYSIOLOGY
MED
IAN
CO
MPEN
SA
TIO
N I
N D
OLL
AR
S
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
ChairProfessorAssoc. ProfessorAssist. ProfessorInstructor
$60,000$56,000
$100,000
$97,000
$185,000
$330,000
$169,000
$255,000
$121,000
$131,000
NEUROSCIENCESCHIEFS REMOVED PER N<5
MED
IAN
CO
MPEN
SA
TIO
N I
N D
OLL
AR
S
MEN WOMEN
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION BY GENDER, RANK, AND SELECT DEPARTMENTS AND SPECIALTIES
FIGURES 18-19:
Differences in median total compensation for men and women varied greatly by department and specialty.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Graphs compare basic science
departments with the largest and smallest differences between men’s and women’s
compensation.
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. Neurosciences (n=1,139), Physiology (n=1,330)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
$180,000
$396,000
$472,000
$112,000
$303,000
$344,000
$497,000
$613,000
$852,000
$379,000
$593,000
$654,000
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
$700,000
$800,000
$900,000
ChairChiefProfessorAssoc. ProfessorAssist. ProfessorInstructor
SURGERY
MED
IAN
CO
MPEN
SA
TIO
N I
N D
OLL
AR
S
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
$700,000
ChairChiefProfessorAssoc. ProfessorAssist. ProfessorInstructor
$188,000
$351,000$374,000
$214,000
$334,000
$369,000$388,000
$446,000
$696,000
$394,000
$414,000
$660,000
RADIOLOGY
MED
IAN
CO
MPEN
SA
TIO
N I
N D
OLL
AR
S
MEN WOMEN
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION BY GENDER, RANK, AND SELECT DEPARTMENTS AND SPECIALTIES
FIGURES 20-21:
Differences in median total compensation for men and women varied greatly by department and specialty.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Graphs compare clinical
science departments with the largest and smallest differences
between men’s and women’s
compensation.
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. Surgery (n=10,779), Radiology (n=6,487)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
MEN WOMEN
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION BY GENDER, RANK, AND SELECT DEPARTMENTS AND SPECIALTIES
FIGURES 22-23:
Gaps in median total compensation still existed in departments and specialties where women were more represented.
KEY TAKEAWAY
$151,000
$152,000
$196,000
$174,000
$229,000
$199,000
$272,000$289,000
$447,000
$239,000$251,000
$515,000
PEDIATRICS
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
ChairChiefProfessorAssoc. ProfessorAssist. ProfessorInstructor
54%WOMEN
MED
IAN
CO
MPEN
SA
TIO
N I
N D
OLL
AR
S
$154,000
$205,000
$274,000
$257,000
$315,000
$296,000
$326,000
$356,000
$552,000
$343,000
$419,000
$590,000
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
$700,000
ChairChiefProfessorAssoc. ProfessorAssist. ProfessorInstructor
OB/GYN
61%WOMEN
MED
IAN
CO
MPEN
SA
TIO
N I
N D
OLL
AR
S
Graphs compare two departments where there is a higher percentage of women faculty than men.
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. Pediatrics (n=12,846), OB/GYN (n=3,475)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION BY GENDER, RANK, AND DEGREE
The greatest differences in median total compensation between men and women were for faculty with an MD or equivalent degree.
KEY TAKEAWAY
MD MEN
MD WOMEN
MD-PHD MEN
MD-PHD WOMEN
PHD MEN
PHD WOMEN
$219,000
$190,000
$164,000
$125,000
$65,000
$70,000
$285,000
$221,000
$216,000
$187,000
$100,000
$97,000
$322,000
$248,000
$242,000
$212,000
$128,000
$125,000
$340,000
$285,000
$284,000
$252,000
$187,000
$179,000
$392,000
$296,000
$355,000
$314,000
$240,000
$201,000
$583,000
$511,000
$527,000
$538,000
$299,000
$283,000
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
$450,000
$500,000
$550,000
$600,000
$650,000
$700,000
ChairChiefProfessorAssociateProfessor
AssistantProfessor
Instructor
$219,000
$285,000
$322,000$340,000
$392,000
$583,000
TABLE 2:
FY 2017 TOTAL COMPENSATION BY GENDER, RANK, AND DEGREE
FIGURE 24:
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=102,110)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
Comparisons of Faculty Compensation by Gender
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION IN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR FOR WOMEN ACROSS MEDICAL SCHOOLS
Across a large majority of medical schools, analysis of median total compensation indicated that women were paid less than men.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Note: Thirteen outlier institutions were removed: 8 schools did not provide gender data for the FSS; 2 schools above and below the endpoints were removed; and 3 schools with less than 50 FT faculty, per the 2017 snapshot of the Faculty Roster, were removed. Median cents on the dollar amounts, per the FSS, exclude chairs, chiefs, and instructors. Full-time faculty counts in the Faculty Roster include faculty at professor, associate, assistant, instructor, and other ranks.
NU
MB
ER
OF
MED
ICA
L SC
HO
OLS
(N
= 1
32)
MEDIAN COMPENSATION IN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR FOR WOMEN
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
$1.0
5$1
.04
$1.0
3$1
.02
$1.0
1$1
.00
$0.9
9$0
.96
$0.9
5$0
.94
$0.9
3$0
.92
$0.9
1$0
.90
$0.8
9$0
.88
$0.8
7$0
.86
$0.8
5$0
.84
$0.8
3$0
.82
$0.8
1$0
.80
$0.7
9$0
.78
$0.7
7$0
.76
$0.7
5$0
.74
$0.7
3$0
.72
$0.7
1$0
.70
$0.6
9$0
.68
$0.6
7$0
.65
$1.0
7
FIGURE 25:
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n=90,259 across 132 medical schools)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
Comparisons of Faculty Compensation by Gender
FY 2017 MEDIAN COMPENSATION IN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR FOR WOMEN BY FULL-TIME FACULTY SIZE ACROSS MEDICAL SCHOOLS
$0.65 $0.70 $0.75 $0.80 $0.85 $0.90 $0.95 $1.00 $1.05 $1.10
0
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
FULL
-TIM
E F
AC
ULT
Y S
IZE
MEDIAN COMPENSATION IN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR FOR WOMEN
65-75 CENTS 76-85 CENTS 86-95 CENTS 96-110 CENTS
FIGURE 26:
Regardless of full-time faculty size, across a large majority of medical schools, men had a higher median total compensation than women.
KEY TAKEAWAY
Note: Twenty-four outlier institutions were removed: 8 schools did not provide gender data for the FSS; 2 schools above and below the endpoints were removed; and 14 schools with less than 50 FT faculty or more than 2,700 faculty, per the 2017 snapshot of the Faculty Roster, were removed. Median cents-on-the-dollar amounts, per the FSS, exclude chairs, chiefs, and instructors. Full-time faculty counts in the Faculty Roster include faculty at professor, associate, assistant, instructor, and other ranks.
Source: FY 2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (n =72,578 across 121 medical schools)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
Note: Analysis excludes chairs, chiefs, and instructors.
YEARLY SNAPSHOT OF MEDIAN COMPENSATION IN CENTS ON THE DOLLAR FOR WOMEN BY
DEPARTMENT TYPE FROM FY 2013 TO FY 2017
Analysis of the gaps between men’s and women’s median total compensation showed few changes throughout the five-year period.
KEY TAKEAWAY
BASIC SCIENCE CLINICAL SCIENCE
$0.60
$0.65
$0.70
$0.75
$0.80
$0.85
$0.90
$0.95
FY 2017FY 2016FY 2015FY 2014FY 2013
CENTS ON THE DOLLAR BASED ON MEDIAN COMPENSATION IN 2017 DOLLARS
$0.89
$0.75$0.76 $0.76 $0.76
$0.77
$0.89 $0.89 $0.89$0.90
$0.01CHANGE
$0.01CHANGE
$0.01CHANGE
ACROSS A5-YEAR SPAN,VERY LITTLECHANGED
FIGURE 27:
Source: FY 2013-2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. (FY 2013 n=82,473; FY 2014 n=85,774; FY 2015 n=87,798; FY 2016 n=87,426; FY 2017 n=90,383)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
Comparisons of Faculty Compensation by Gender
Note: Analysis excludes chairs, chiefs, and instructors.
YEARLY SNAPSHOT OF MEDIAN COMPENSATION BY GENDER AND RANK IN 2017 DOLLARS
Gaps in median total compensation for women and men were present across each rank over the five-year period, except for women basic science instructors.
KEY TAKEAWAY
FIGURES 28-29:
$60,000
$110,000
$160,000
$210,000
$260,000
$310,000
FY 2017FY 2016FY 2015FY 2014FY 2013
ASST. PROFESSOR
$56KGAP
$4KGAP
$5KGAP
$57KGAP
$50,000
$70,000
$90,000
$110,000
$130,000
$150,000
$170,000
$190,000
$210,000
FY 2017FY 2016FY 2015FY 2014FY 2013
INSTRUCTOR
$24KGAP
-$2KGAP
-$2KGAP
$26KGAP
CLINICAL SCIENCEMEN
CLINICAL SCIENCEWOMEN
BASIC SCIENCEMEN
BASIC SCIENCEWOMEN
Source: FY 2013-2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. Instructor (FY 2013 n=6,236; FY 2014 n=6,376; FY 2015 n=6,065; FY 2016 n=5,678; FY 2017 n=6,465), Assistant Professor (FY 2013 n=40,719; FY 2014 n=42,839; FY 2015 n=43,856; FY 2016 n=43,571; FY 2017 n=45,667)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
Comparisons of Faculty Compensation by Gender
Note: Analysis excludes chairs, chiefs, and instructors.
YEARLY SNAPSHOT OF MEDIAN COMPENSATION BY GENDER AND RANK IN 2017 DOLLARS
Gaps in median total compensation for women and men were present across each rank over the five-year period, except for women basic science instructors.
KEY TAKEAWAY
FIGURES 30-31:
CLINICAL SCIENCEMEN
CLINICAL SCIENCEWOMEN
BASIC SCIENCEMEN
BASIC SCIENCEWOMEN
$150,000
$170,000
$190,000
$210,000
$230,000
$250,000
$270,000
$290,000
$310,000
$330,000
FY 2017FY 2016FY 2015FY 2014FY 2013
PROFESSOR
$50KGAP
$8KGAP
$55KGAP
$6KGAP
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
$160,000
$180,000
$200,000
$220,000
$240,000
$260,000
$280,000
$300,000
FY 2017FY 2016FY 2015FY 2014FY 2013
ASSOC. PROFESSOR
$55KGAP
$1KGAP
$60KGAP
$2KGAP
Source: FY 2013-2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. Associate Professor (FY 2013 n=20,923; FY 2014 n=21,617; FY 2015 n=22,220; FY 2016 n=22,064; FY 2017 n=22,928), Professor (FY 2013 n=20,831; FY 2014 n=21,318; FY 2015 n=21,722; FY 2016 n=21,791; FY 2017 n=21,788)
Association of American Medical Colleges
© 2019 Association of American Medical Colleges. May be reproduced and distributed with attribution for educational or noncommercial purposes only.
Comparisons of Faculty Compensation by Gender
Note: Analysis excludes chairs, chiefs, and instructors.
YEARLY SNAPSHOT OF MEDIAN COMPENSATION BY GENDER AND RANK IN 2017 DOLLARS
Gaps in median total compensation for women and men were present across each rank over the five-year period, except for women basic science instructors.
KEY TAKEAWAY
FIGURES 32-33:
CLINICAL SCIENCEMEN
CLINICAL SCIENCEWOMEN
BASIC SCIENCEMEN
BASIC SCIENCEWOMEN
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
$450,000
$500,000
$550,000
$600,000
$650,000
FY 2017FY 2016FY 2015FY 2014FY 2013
CHAIR
$9KGAP
$122KGAP
$16KGAP
$84KGAP
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
FY 2017FY 2016FY 2015FY 2014FY 2013
CHIEF
$46KGAP
$82KGAP
$36KGAP
$89KGAP
Source: FY 2013-2017 AAMC Faculty Salary Survey. Chief (FY 2013 n=2,804; FY 2014 n=2,724; FY 2015 n=2,833; FY 2016 n=2,996; FY 2017 n=3,002), Chair (FY 2013 n=2,237; FY 2014 n=2,364; FY 2015 n=2,228; FY 2016 n=2,235; FY 2017 n=2,260)