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Coconut Oil and Palm kernel Oil U. R. Sahasranamam (U.R.S)

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Page 1: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Coconut Oil and Palm kernel Oil

U. R. Sahasranamam (U.R.S)

Page 2: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Coconut and Palm kernel oils

• Applications of nuts• Application of crude oil• Application of refined oils• Qualities issues with CNO and PKO• Production and price trends• Oil Extraction methods• Fractionation methods• Lauric specialty fats

Page 5: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Applications of Nuts

Applications Coconut Palm Kernel

Oriental food

Desiccated Coconut

Coconut Milk

Spray dried powder

Oil Extraction

Activated Carbon

Page 6: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Applications of Nuts -continued

Applications Coconut Palm Kernel

Offering in Hindu temples to invoke gods blessing – India, Malaysia, Singapore etc

Page 7: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Applications of Crude Oil

Applications Coconut Palm Kernel

Frying Oil -Oriental food – Cochin grade

Hair oil

Sun tan Oil

Oleo chemicals

Fractionation

Refined oil

Page 8: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Applications of Refined Oil

Applications Coconut Palm Kernel

Edible oil for - Frying

Sun tan Oil/Hair Oil

Spl fat fractionation

Oleo Chemicals

Ice-cream Industry

Hydrogenation

Page 9: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Industrial applications – Oleo Chemicals

Applications Coconut Palm Kernel

C- 8 / C-10 feed stock – MCT feed stock

Oleic Acid –Feed stock

Page 10: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Applications of Fractions and Hydrogenated Oils and Fractions

Applications Coconut Palm Kernel

Hydrogenated Fat Non diary creamer, Ice-cream

Coating fat for confectionary

Non Hyd -Stearin fraction

Center filling Trans free non Hydro Coating fat

Hyd- Stearin fraction Cocoa butter substitute

Hyd Olein Fraction Creaming fat , wafer center fat

Non Hyd –Olein fraction

Ice-cream coating

Page 11: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Quality and other issues of Crude oils

Issues Coconut Palm Kernel

High color

High FFA

High PAH – Due to smoke drying (poly aromatic hydrocarbons)

High SAFA

Price Volatility –( Prone

to storm damage)

Growth Stagnation

Page 12: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Year wise production of CNO,PK Oil in Million MT ( source - Oil world)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

92/93 98/99 00/01 '02/03 '04/05 '06/07

PK OILCNO

Page 13: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Price trend 1999 - 2007 - Coconut Oil Vs. Palm Kernel O

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20

-25

0

25

50

75

100

125

150

-

1

1

1

Normal Premium

CNO/PKO Cif Rott Spread, USD/MT

300

400

500

600

700

800

3

4

5

6

7

8PKO Cif, USD/MT

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

3

4

5

6

7

8

9CNO Cif, USD/MT

Page 14: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Processing of Nuts

Processing type Coconut Palm Kernel

Full Pressing Very Common Very Common – Yield 44.5 to 45%

Pre pressing followed by solvent extraction

Very Common – Crude oil color and FFA high

Not practiced due to high hexane loss

Caustic refining Some times especially for high Colored oil to cut the

color

Generally not practiced due to high refining loss

Physical refining Common- RF 1.5% due to high short chain acids

Common – RF 1.35%

Direct extraction Not Common Practiced by 2 to 3 companies in the world –

Yield 48 - 48.5%

Page 15: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Solid fat Profile – Cocoa butter Vs Milk fat

0

20

40

60

80

10 20 30 40Temperature (C)

Solid

Fat

Con

tent

(%) COCOA BUTTER

MILK FAT

Page 16: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Fractionation – methods for PKO

• Static cooling in stationary trays and hydraulic pressing – High Labor cost

• Cooling in moving trays and hydraulic pressing – High Labor costs• Cooling in moving trays and HP membrane pressing – Low labor

costs – Increased capital cost• Cooling in membrane press type enclosures and HP pressing – min

labor cost but high capital cost• Cooling in High pressure press cavity followed by HP pressing in the

same press – Very high capital cost

Page 17: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Quality

General Specific

Safety Identity Application Sensory

Contaminants

MicrobiologyPesticidesInsecticidesHeavy metalsPAH

Processes

Refraction

Iodine value

Chromatography

Melting curve

Solidification curve

Pilot tests

FFA

Peroxyde value

Rancimat

Taste

Shelf life

Page 18: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Typical quality for Palm Oil, Palm Kernel Oil and Coconut Oil

Palm OilPALM KERNEL

OILCOCONUT

OIL

Saturated Fatty Acids (SAFA) 50 80 91Monounsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA) 40 17 8Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) 10 3 1Trans Fatty Acids (TFA) <1 <1 <1

Page 19: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Typical quality for Palm kernel oil and coconut oil- Fatty Acid Composition

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

C6:0 C8:0 C10:0 C12:0 C14:0 C16:0 C18:0 C18:1 C18:2 C18:3 C20:0

(%)

PALM KERNEL OIL COCONUT OIL

Page 20: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Typical quality for Palm oil, palm kernel oil and coconut oil- Fatty Acid Composition

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

C6:0 C8:0 C10:0 C12:0 C14:0 C16:0 C18:0 C18:1 C18:2 C18:3 C20:0

(%)

PALM OIL PALM KERNEL OIL COCONUT OIL

Page 21: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Palm Kernel Oil and its fractions

PALM KERNEL OIL

PALM KERNEL OLEIN

PALM KERNEL STEARIN

Slip Melting Point (oC) 27.5 23.5 32

Solid Fat Content (%)

10 oC 71.3 55.5 94

20 oC 42.4 15.5 85.2

25 oC 16.0 0.4 70.5

30 oC 0.5 0 32.5

35 oC 0 0 0

40 oC 0 0 0

Page 22: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Solid Fat Content Profile of Hydrogenated Lauric oils

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

Temperature OC

Solid Fat Content (%)

Fully Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Oil

95.2 93.4 88.1 67.5 35.9 14.0 5.6

Fully Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Stearin

97.0 96.8 96.5 89.0 47.0 3.0 0.0

Fully Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Olein

95.0 90.2 80.5 60.5 37.5 21.2 0

Fully Hydrogenated Coconut Oil

91.2 81.0 60.9 19.0 5.8 2.0 0.0

10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

Page 23: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Solid Fat Content Profile of hydrogenated Palm Kernel Stearin comparing with Cocoa Butter and Milk Fat

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

Temperature (OC)

Solid Fat Content (%)

Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Stearin 97.0 96.8 96.5 89.0 47.0 3.0 0.0

Cocoa Butter 88.4 86.5 81.5 70.6 46.4 2.2 0.0

MILK FAT 47.8 24.0 16.0 7.4 2.3 0.0 0.0

10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Page 24: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Palm

Gift from mother nature to the human kind

Relatively new crop

Marketing Strategy by the nature ??

Page 25: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Take one free one( two different type oils packed into one)

Page 26: Sahasranamam | SOCI

Thank You