safety concerns throughout the lifespan. safety freedom from psychological and physical injury...
TRANSCRIPT
Safety Concerns Safety Concerns Throughout the Throughout the
LifespanLifespan
SafetySafety
Freedom from psychological and Freedom from psychological and physical injuryphysical injury
A basic human need that must be A basic human need that must be metmet
Nurse must assess environment for Nurse must assess environment for safety hazardssafety hazards
Maintain safe environment for clientsMaintain safe environment for clients
Environmental SafetyEnvironmental SafetyBasic NeedsBasic Needs
OxygenOxygen
NutritionNutrition
Temperature and Temperature and HumidityHumidity
Environmental SafetyEnvironmental SafetyPhysical HazardsPhysical Hazards
LightingLighting ObstaclesObstacles Bathroom hazardsBathroom hazards SecuritySecurity Home Hazard Assessment (P&P pg. Home Hazard Assessment (P&P pg.
968, Box 37-2)968, Box 37-2)
Environmental HazardsEnvironmental HazardsTransmission of PathogensTransmission of Pathogens
Pathogen: Any microorganism capable of Pathogen: Any microorganism capable of producing an illnessproducing an illness
Medical asepsisMedical asepsis ImmunizationsImmunizations Standard precautions (transmission of HIV, Standard precautions (transmission of HIV,
Hepatitis)Hepatitis) Nosocomial InfectionsNosocomial Infections Contact IsolationContact Isolation STD’sSTD’s Adequate disposal of human waste, insect, Adequate disposal of human waste, insect,
rodent control rodent control
Environmental SafetyEnvironmental SafetyPollutionPollution
Pollutant: harmful chemical or waste Pollutant: harmful chemical or waste material discharged into water, soil, material discharged into water, soil, airair
Air pollutionAir pollution Water pollutionWater pollution Noise pollutionNoise pollution Terrorism/BioterrorismTerrorism/Bioterrorism
Safety Risks at Developmental Safety Risks at Developmental StagesStages
Infant-Preschooler: Injuries, accidentsInfant-Preschooler: Injuries, accidents School-Age: Stranger adduction, sport-School-Age: Stranger adduction, sport-
related injuries, bicycle injuries,related injuries, bicycle injuries, Adolescent: Smoking, drug and alcohol Adolescent: Smoking, drug and alcohol
use, MVA, STD’suse, MVA, STD’s Adult: MVA, smoking related disorders. Adult: MVA, smoking related disorders.
StressStress Older Adult: Physiologic changes Older Adult: Physiologic changes
increase risk for falls, MVA’s, home increase risk for falls, MVA’s, home injuries injuries
Individual Risk FactorsIndividual Risk Factors
LifestyleLifestyle Impaired MobilityImpaired Mobility Sensory or Communication ImpairedSensory or Communication Impaired Lack of safety awarenessLack of safety awareness
Safety Risks in HospitalSafety Risks in Hospital
Preventing Falls/Pressure UlcersPreventing Falls/Pressure Ulcers Client-Inherent Accidents (Seizures)Client-Inherent Accidents (Seizures) Procedure-related accidents (surgery, chest Procedure-related accidents (surgery, chest
tube & catheter insertions, med/IV errors)tube & catheter insertions, med/IV errors) Equipment-related Accidents (electrical Equipment-related Accidents (electrical
hazards, fires from faulty equipment)hazards, fires from faulty equipment) Preventing Nosocomial InfectionsPreventing Nosocomial Infections Preventing Medication ErrorsPreventing Medication Errors Recognizing changes in client conditionRecognizing changes in client condition
National Patient Safety National Patient Safety InitiativesInitiatives
Joint Commission National Patient Joint Commission National Patient Safety GoalsSafety Goals
Institute for Healthcare Institute for Healthcare Improvement Improvement “5 Million Lives” Campaign“5 Million Lives” Campaign
The Leapfrog GroupThe Leapfrog Group
Joint Commission National Joint Commission National Patient Safety GoalsPatient Safety Goals
Improve the accuracy of patient identificationImprove the accuracy of patient identification Improve the effectiveness of communication Improve the effectiveness of communication
among caregiversamong caregivers Improve the safety of using medicationsImprove the safety of using medications Reduce the risk of health care-associated Reduce the risk of health care-associated
infectionsinfections Accurately and completely reconcile medicationsAccurately and completely reconcile medications Reduce the risk of patient harm from fallsReduce the risk of patient harm from falls Encourage patients’ active involvement in their Encourage patients’ active involvement in their
own care as a patient safety strategyown care as a patient safety strategy The organization identifies safety risks inherent in The organization identifies safety risks inherent in
its populationits population Improve recognition and responses to changes in Improve recognition and responses to changes in
a patient’s conditiona patient’s condition
The Leapfrog GroupThe Leapfrog Group
Reduce preventable medical Reduce preventable medical mistakes and improve the quality mistakes and improve the quality and affordability of health careand affordability of health care
Encourage health providers to Encourage health providers to publicly report their quality outcomes publicly report their quality outcomes so consumers can make informed so consumers can make informed choiceschoices
IHI “5 Million” Lives IHI “5 Million” Lives Campaign”Campaign”
Deploy rapid response teamsDeploy rapid response teams Deliver reliable evidence-based care Deliver reliable evidence-based care
for acute MIfor acute MI Prevent adverse drug eventsPrevent adverse drug events Prevent central line infectionsPrevent central line infections Prevent surgical-site infectionsPrevent surgical-site infections Prevent ventilator-associated Prevent ventilator-associated
pneumoniapneumonia
Safety and the Nursing Safety and the Nursing ProcessProcess
AssessmentAssessment Nursing DiagnosisNursing Diagnosis PlanningPlanning ImplementationImplementation EvaluationEvaluation
ImplementationImplementation
Health Promotion (wearing seat Health Promotion (wearing seat belts, use of car seats, bike helmets, belts, use of car seats, bike helmets, participation in wellness programs)participation in wellness programs)
Developmental Interventions: Developmental Interventions: Infant, Toddler, PreschoolerInfant, Toddler, Preschooler School-AgeSchool-Age AdolescentAdolescent AdultAdult
ImplementationImplementationOlder AdultOlder Adult
Reduce the risk for falls and other Reduce the risk for falls and other injuriesinjuries
Compensate for physiological changes Compensate for physiological changes related to agingrelated to aging
MVA prevention (Safe driver tips, MVA prevention (Safe driver tips, eyesight/hearing issues)eyesight/hearing issues)
Burn and scald preventionBurn and scald prevention Pedestrian accidents (wear reflectors, Pedestrian accidents (wear reflectors,
walk on sidewalks, cross at light)walk on sidewalks, cross at light)
Environmental InterventionsEnvironmental Interventions
General Preventive Measures: Meet General Preventive Measures: Meet client needs (Oxygen, nutrition/fluids, client needs (Oxygen, nutrition/fluids, temperature)temperature)
Medical AsepsisMedical Asepsis Isolation PrecautionsIsolation Precautions Environmental lightingEnvironmental lighting Security measures and concernsSecurity measures and concerns
Specific Safety ConcernsSpecific Safety Concerns
Falls (Fall Assessment Tool)Falls (Fall Assessment Tool) Restraints and bed alarmsRestraints and bed alarms Side rails, bed height, bed and wheelchair Side rails, bed height, bed and wheelchair
lockslocks FiresFires PoisoningsPoisonings Electrical HazardsElectrical Hazards SeizuresSeizures RadiationRadiation