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Safety and Performance in Current Safety and Performance in Current NPPs NPPs Application of Advanced Technology to Application of Advanced Technology to Improve Plant Performance Improve Plant Performance Prepared by: H.M. Hashemian, President Analysis and Measurement Services Corporation AMS Technology Center 9119 Cross Park Drive Knoxville, Tennessee 37923 USA Presented at: International Conference on Opportunities and Challenges for Water Cooled Reactors in 21 st Century Vienna International Centre International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna, Austria 27-30 October 2009

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Safety and Performance in Current Safety and Performance in Current NPPsNPPs

Application of Advanced Technology to Application of Advanced Technology to Improve Plant PerformanceImprove Plant Performance

Prepared by:H.M. Hashemian, President

Analysis and Measurement Services CorporationAMS Technology Center

9119 Cross Park DriveKnoxville, Tennessee 37923

USA

Presented at:International Conference on

Opportunities and Challenges for Water Cooled Reactors in 21st Century

Vienna International CentreInternational Atomic Energy Agency

Vienna, Austria

27-30 October 2009

A Gold Mine is Hidden in Every Nuclear A Gold Mine is Hidden in Every Nuclear Power PlantPower Plant

• What is it ?

• Where is it ?

• How to get to it ?

2H.M. Hashemian

OpportunitiesOpportunities

• Improve safety, reliability, availability, and productivity

• Optimize maintenance, predict when equipment may fail, or if the process has anomalies

• Support aging management, license renewal, long life operation

• Contribute to power uprates, shorter outages, and longer cycles

All These Can Be Done

Passively, Remotely, and While the Plant is Operating !

3H.M. Hashemian

Terminology/AnalogyTerminology/Analogy

• Instrumentation• Visual Inspection• Acoustic Monitoring

4H.M. Hashemian

Calibration

PrognosticsPrognostics

5H.M. Hashemian

Feeling Good Back at WorkNormal

What is the Gold Mine?What is the Gold Mine?

6H.M. Hashemian

Applies to Conventional & Advanced Applies to Conventional & Advanced LWRsLWRs, , HWRsHWRs, , HTGRsHTGRs, , LMFBRsLMFBRs, Gen , Gen

IV, and even Research ReactorsIV, and even Research Reactors

What Does It Look Like?Fl

ow

Time

7H.M. Hashemian

What Can We Do With It?What Can We Do With It?

• Measure vibration of reactor internals• Identify blockages, voids, and leaks• Detect venturi fouling• Verify the calibration and response time of I&C systems• Develop passive fluid flow measurement system• Monitor for degradation of neutron instrumentation

systems• Determine core stability margin• Identify temperature coefficient of reactivity• Detect water chemistry changes and valve problems

8H.M. Hashemian

Reactor Internal Vibration Measurement Reactor Internal Vibration Measurement by Neutron Noise Analysisby Neutron Noise Analysis

9H.M. Hashemian

APS

D

1E-7

1E-5

1E-3

1E-1

18 300 6 12 24

NI-42

Rea

ctor

ves

sel

RX

cool

ant p

ump

Cor

e ba

rrel

she

ll m

ode

Ther

mal

shi

eld

Cor

e ba

rrel

bea

m m

ode

Fuel

ass

embl

y

Ther

moh

ydra

ulic

fluct

uatio

ns

1E-9

Core Barrel

Reactor Vessel

Sensing Line Blockages Can Be Sensing Line Blockages Can Be DangerousDangerous

1.E-04

1.E-03

1.E-02

1.E-01

1.E+00

1.E+01

1.E+02

0.01 0.1 1

PSD

Frequency (Hz)

Blocked PressureTransmitter Sensing Line

Cleared Pressure Transmitter Sensing Line

10H.M. Hashemian

Partially Blocked

Completely Blocked

Detect RCP LeakDetect RCP Leak

F

F

F

F

Letdown Flow

Charging Flow

Seal Injection

Seal Return

Charging Pump A

Charging Pump B

RCPRx

Pzr

SG

11H.M. Hashemian

Charging Flow

Letdown Flow

Seal Injection Flow

Seal Return Flow

T1 T2

Time

Flow

Charging Flow

Letdown Flow

Seal Injection Flow

Seal Return Flow

T1 T2

Time

Flow

VolumeControl

Tank

Chemical and VolumeControl System (CVCS)

VenturiVenturi Fouling is Detectable and Fouling is Detectable and Quantifiable Quantifiable

100

101

102

103

0 100 200 300 400 500

Time (Days at Full Power)

Rea

ctor

Pow

er (%

)

Indicated Power

Actual Power

Venturi Fouling

12H.M. Hashemian

Venturi Fouling Can Waste More

than 2% of the Reactor Power

Venturi Fouling Can Waste More

than 2% of the Reactor Power

ChallengesChallenges

• Sufficient data is not always available from existing sensors

• Process sensors do not always have high fidelity•••

• Advanced sensors and techniques are not yet widely available for in-situ or on-line monitoring of material degradation (vessel, cables, etc.)

•••

13H.M. Hashemian

What Is The Lesson?What Is The Lesson?

• Sample Data Fast (e.g. 1000 Hz) and store it• Add wireless sensors • Build these technologies in NPPs of today and

tomorrow• Work on sensors and technology for material

degradation monitoring•••

14H.M. Hashemian

H.M. Hashemian 15

• Compliance

• Non Compliance