rwdi oculi study

Upload: robert-wilonsky

Post on 03-Apr-2018

230 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    1/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    This document is intended for the sole use of the party to whom it is addressed and may contain information that is

    privileged and/or confidential. If you have received this in error, please notify us immediately.

    RWDI name and logo are registered trademarks in Canada and the United States of America

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Museum TowerDallas, Texas

    Concept Feasibility Study Reconf igu red OculusRWDI # 1200597April 19th, 2013

    SUBMITTED TO

    Museum Tower LP

    SUBMITTED BY

    Rowan Williams Davies & Irwin Inc.

    650 Woodlawn Road West

    Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1K 1B8

    519.823.1311

    Joel Good, M.A.Sc., P.Eng.

    Specialist Building Performance

    [email protected]

    Ray Sinclair, Ph.D.

    Project Director - Principal

    [email protected]

    Derek R. Kelly, M.Eng, P.Eng.

    Project Manager - Principal

    [email protected]

    mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]
  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    2/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 2

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    page

    Introduction . . . . 3

    Oculus Geometries . . . . 6

    Test Methodology . . . . 8

    Simulations . . . . 11

    Simulation Results . . . . 13

    Study of Dallas Sky Cover . . . 24

    Study of Reconfigured Oculi Views . . 30

    Summary . . . . . 35

    Appendix A Occuli Walkability . . . 39

    Appendix B Qualitative Model Check of Capture of Reflected

    Light Spot . . . . 40

    Appendix C Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing

    Oculi pre (without) Museum Tower. . 42

    Appendix D Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing

    Oculi with Museum Tower (current scenario) . 57

    Table of Contents

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    3/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 3

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Renderings of the Museum Tower in Dallas, TX

    (courtesy of Johnson Fain)

    Overview:

    The Museum Tower (MT) is a 43-story structure

    currently under construction in the arts district of

    Dallas, Texas.

    The western glass faade has been observed to

    intermittently reflect afternoon sunlight onto the

    Nasher Sculpture Center (NSC), located south of thetower.

    The Museum Tower design team have explored a

    number of mitigation measures to eliminate the

    reflections penetrating the NSC, including

    modifications to the Museum Tower itself, alterations

    to the Nasher Sculpture Center, and intercepting

    structures in the space between.

    Introduction

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    4/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 4

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Reflected Light Issue:

    Reflections occur on the NSC rooftop for all days of the

    year.

    The reflections begin around 2:00 pm and continue to

    near sunset. No reflections occur before this time.

    The reflections are scattered and intermittent (seeimage to right) moving from the east to west ends of

    the NSC.

    At any one time no more than 15% of the roofs oculi

    are in reflection.

    The Dallas sky is generally clear, as the mean sky cover

    throughout the year is approximately 35%.

    Photo of NSC Rooftop in Reflection (July 12th, approx. 4pm)

    Photo of Reflections inside NSC (May 16, 2012, 3:40pm)

    Introduction

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    5/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 5

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Concept Feasibility Study:

    RWDI has performed computer modeling to

    better understand the characteristics of these

    reflections and test potential mitigation

    strategies.

    This report outlines the concept feasibility

    testing of one such mitigation strategy to

    eliminate tower reflections from penetrating

    the NSC galleries: a reconfigured design of the

    shading oculi on the NSC rooftop.

    Results from Previous Reflection Studies:

    Reflecting Glazing Units on MT Western Facade (left) and Reflection

    Range for Oct 4th from 12:00 to 17:00 (30 min intervals)

    Introduction

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    6/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 6

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Existing NSC Oculus

    current condition

    existing oculus is designed to block direct sunlight

    from all sun angles

    facing north, the oculus allows reflected light from

    the Museum Tower to penetrate into the galleriesbelow

    Existing oculus in plan (t-l), isometric (t-r), front (b-l) and

    side (b-r) views

    Oculus Geometries

    Photos of existing oculi arrays on NSC Rooftop

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    7/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 7

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Reconfigured Oculus (new concept)

    rotated 45 degrees west of north,

    extension designed to block direct light from MT

    and direct sunlight for all NSC rooftop locations

    Reconfigured oculus in plan (t-l), isometric (t-r),

    front (b-l) and side (b-r) views

    120mm

    (4.

    7)

    120 mm(4.7)

    Oculus Geometries

    Museum Tower

    in plan view

    Projected cone

    of vision from

    sample oculus

    Sun path

    NSC rooftop

    in plan view

    Oculi Projection Defines Edge of Reconfigured Extension

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    8/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 8

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Museum Tower model:

    RWDI has created a computer model of the MT

    using Autodesk Ecotect based on a 3d Revit model

    provided by the MT design team.

    Ecotect is a a powerful building modeling software

    used for solar analysis and reflection studies. Ecotect uses the powerful ray-tracing engine of

    Radiance to model the characteristics of sunlight

    over complex geometries.

    The simulations use the CIE sky models (clear and

    overcast conditions) which consider solar position

    based on the simulation date and time.

    Model Renderings of the Museum Tower (Revit top

    left, Ecotect top right) and Site Plan (bottom)

    Test Methodology

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    9/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 9

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Surrounding oculi (closed)

    and rooftop included forreflection

    Test oculus (open to

    below to admit light)

    Museum

    Tower

    NSC Rooftop

    (center bay)NSC & Rooftop Oculi:

    The rooftop of the NSC was added to the model

    based on design drawings provided by the NSC

    design team.

    Not practical during the initial concept development

    to model daylighting over entire NSC roof which iscovered with thousands of oculi.

    A simplified model of a single open oculus was used

    to assess the performance of the reconfigured oculi

    compared to the original design.

    The test oculus was surrounded by five oculi to

    capture light potentially reflected from the outer

    shell of the adjacent oculi.

    Test Methodology

    Ecotect Renderings of NSC Rooftop and Test Oculus

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    10/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 10

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Test Methodology

    Light receptor grid

    (4.7x4.7, 1 below oculi)

    Roof section removed to

    show light receptor grid

    Reconfigured oculi rotated

    45 west of north

    Description of Collection Grid:

    A collection grid was placed under the test

    oculus

    Collection grid is fine enough to detect

    potential for direct light penetrations, if any,

    and large enough to detect all diffuse lightpassing through the test oculus

    Light levels were calculated for each grid point.

    Appendix A - illustrates the model prediction

    of the size and intensity of the reflected light

    spot problem. Also presented is a comparison

    of a medium and fine refinement of the

    collection grid. The results presented supportthe use of the medium resolution grid. Ecotect Renderings of Test Oculus and Grid

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    11/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 11

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted illuminance levels for a single oculus on a light receptor grid

    were calculated for a number of test cases:

    Oculus scenarios:

    existing without Museum Tower

    existing with Musem Tower

    reconfigured with Museum Tower

    Times of year:

    summer solstice - June 21st (10am, 12pm, 2pm, 4pm, 6pm)

    spring/Fall equinox Mar 21st (3pm & 10am, 12pm, 2pm, 4pm, 6pm)

    winter solstice - December 21st (2:30pm & 10am, 12pm, 4pm)

    Sky conditions:

    sunny, in direct reflection (i.e. reflection from MT falls directly on test oculus)

    sunny, not in direct reflection from MT

    overcast (diffuse light only)

    Simulations

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    12/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 12

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Presentation of results:

    Peak illuminance level (lux) recorded on

    light receptor grid (lux = lumen / m2).

    Total luminous flux (lumens) over entire

    grid area, hereafter referred to as total

    light.

    Notes:

    The predicted illuminance level shown for

    each grid cell (colored rectangular patch) is

    calculated as the average lux level based on

    the values of the four corner points of the

    cell. Therefore, the results show smoothed

    values over each grid cell and cannot

    resolve peaks within a cell. This

    methodology is valid for comparing one

    scenario to another.

    Fisheye view inside

    test box, above grid

    Underside

    of oculi

    Daylight falling

    on grid

    Sample oculi (wireframe)

    included for locational

    reference

    Light receptor grid(4.7x4.7, 1 below oculi)

    Peak illuminance

    value on grid

    300 lux

    Simulations

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    13/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 13

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Unobstructed Rooftop Illuminance Levels above Ocular Roof

    Predicted rooftop illuminance levels above the ocular roof without obstruction or shading. These light levels

    can be compared to the light levels predicted to transmit through the test oculus, as presented in the

    computer model results in the following slides.

    Results

    March 21st June 21st December 21st

    Clear Sky

    (lux)

    Overcast Sky

    (lux)

    Clear Sky

    (lux)

    Overcast Sky

    (lux)

    Clear Sky

    (lux)

    Overcast Sky

    (lux)

    10:00 am 55,100 11,600 70,000 15,000 31,200 7,400

    12:00 pm 71,400 14,700 89,000 17,000 45,300 9,900

    2:00 pm 66,900 13,800 80,900 16,400 39,300 8,800

    4:00 pm 42,300 9,300 57,000 12,000 14,200 4,400

    6:00 pm 6,000 3,000 21,000 6,000 n/an/a

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    14/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 14

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    19,340 lux

    235 lux

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a

    single oculus

    June 21st 4:00pm

    Clear sky, sunny, in reflection

    Existing Oculus (without MT)

    Peak = 235 lux

    Total light = 40 lumens

    Existing Oculus (with MT reflection)

    Peak = 19,340 lux (direct reflection)

    Total light = 153 lumens

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Peak = 430 lux

    Total light = 84 lumens

    Percentage of existing (w/o MT) = 210%

    Existing Oculus

    (with MT reflection)

    shows problem light spot!

    Existing Oculus(without MT)

    Reconfigured

    Oculus430 lux

    Results

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    15/71

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    16/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 16

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a

    single oculus

    June 21st 4:00pm

    Cloudy overcast sky

    Existing Oculus (without MT)

    Peak = 185 lux

    Total light = 16 lumens

    Existing Oculus (with MT reflection)

    Peak = 155 lux

    Total light = 19 lumens

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Peak = 130 lux

    Total light = 12 lumens

    Percentage of existing (w/o MT) = 75%

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT reflection)

    Existing Oculus(without MT)

    Reconfigured

    Oculus

    Results

    185 lux

    155 lux

    130 lux

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    17/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 17

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a

    single oculus

    Mar/Sep 21st 3:00pm

    Clear sky, sunny, in reflection

    Existing Oculus (without MT)

    Peak = 200 lux

    Total light = 29 lumens

    Existing Oculus (with MT reflection)

    Peak = 18,300 lux (direct reflection)

    Total light = 148 lumens

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Peak = 350 lux

    Total light = 61 lumens

    Percentage of existing (w/o MT) = 210%

    Existing Oculus(without MT)

    Reconfigured

    Oculus

    Results

    200 lux

    18,300 lux

    350 lux

    Existing Oculus

    (with MT reflection)

    shows problem light spot!

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    18/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 18

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a

    single oculus

    Mar/Sep 21st 3:00pm

    Clear sky, sunny, not in reflection

    Existing Oculus (without MT)

    Peak = 200 lux

    Total light = 29 lumens

    Existing Oculus (with MT reflection)

    Peak = 190 lux

    Total light = 55 lumens

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Peak = 310 lux

    Total light = 54 lumens

    Percentage of existing (w/o MT) = 185%

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT reflection)

    Existing Oculus(without MT)

    Reconfigured

    Oculus

    Results

    200 lux

    190 lux

    310 lux

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    19/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 19

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a

    single oculus

    Mar/Sep 21st 3:00pm

    Cloudy overcast sky

    Existing Oculus (without MT)

    Peak = 210 lux

    Total light = 19 lumens

    Existing Oculus (with MT reflection)

    Peak = 200 lux

    Total light = 20 lumens

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Peak = 100 lux

    Total light = 15 lumens

    Percentage of existing (w/o MT) = 80%

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT reflection)

    Existing Oculus(without MT)

    Reconfigured

    Oculus

    Results

    210 lux

    200 lux

    110 lux

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    20/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 20

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a

    single oculus

    Dec 21st 2:30pm

    Clear sky, sunny, in reflection

    Existing Oculus (without MT)

    Peak = 100 lux

    Total light = 14 lumens

    Existing Oculus (with MT reflection)

    Peak = 10,500 lux (direct reflection)

    Total light = 95 lumens

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Peak = 190 lux

    Total light = 39 lumens

    Percentage of existing (w/o MT) = 275%

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured

    Oculus

    Results

    100 lux

    10,500 lux

    190 lux

    Existing Oculus

    (with MT reflection)

    shows problem light spot!

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    21/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 21

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a

    single oculus

    Dec 21st 2:30pm

    Clear sky, sunny, not in reflection

    Existing Oculus (without MT)

    Peak = 100 lux

    Total light = 14 lumens

    Existing Oculus (with MT reflection)

    Peak = 80 lux

    Total light = 19 lumens

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Peak = 170 lux

    Total light = 27 lumens

    Percentage of existing (w/o MT) = 190%

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT reflection)

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured

    Oculus

    Results

    100 lux

    80 lux

    170 lux

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    22/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 22

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a

    single oculus

    Dec 21st 2:30pm

    Cloudy overcast sky

    Existing Oculus (without MT)

    Peak = 115 lux

    Total light = 12 lumens

    Existing Oculus (with MT reflection)

    Peak = 100 lux

    Total light = 18 lumens

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Peak = 60 lux

    Total light = 11 lumens

    Percentage of existing (w/o MT) = 90%

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT reflection)

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured

    Oculus

    Results

    115 lux

    100 lux

    60 lux

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    23/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 23

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Results

    Predicted diurnal transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Reconfigured vs. Existing (pre Museum Tower)

    R fi d O l f N h S l t C t C t F ibilit St d

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    24/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 24

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Question?

    How often are outdoor light conditions beneficial for

    the illumination of the NSC galleries with the

    reconfigured oculus, as compared to the existing

    oculus?

    Approach to answer?

    Analyze recorded meteorological data to determine the percentage of

    hours in which:

    high outdoor light levels occur

    clear sky conditions occur

    Study of Dallas Sky Conditions

    R fi d O l f N h S l t C t C t F ibilit St d

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    25/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 25

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Reported Local Meteorological Data

    Examined hourly reported cloud cover and solar radiation data at

    surrounding meteorological stations:

    o Dallas Fort Worth Airport

    o Arlington Airport

    o Love Field Airport

    o Executive Airport, 10 miles SW of Dallas

    o Cedar Hill Station, 18 miles SW of Dallas

    Our analysis identified inconsistencies in the reported cloud cover data. This

    was more apparent for DFW Airport data, for example. We selected

    Executive Airport as the representative data set.

    The only station reporting measured total solar radiation is Cedar Hill

    Station.

    Period of data: Dec 2003 to Jan 2013

    Study of Dallas Sky Conditions

    R fi d O l f N h S l t C t C t F ibilit St d

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    26/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 26

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Reported Local Meteorological Data

    Cloud Cover Data is reported in tenths coverage of the sky, at levels of

    0.0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.9, 1.0.

    Clear Sky: 0.0, 0.3

    Overcast: 0.9, 1.0

    Measured total solar radiation W/m

    2

    was converted to illuminance bymultiplying by 93 lm/W (Ref. #1).

    Actual measurements include effects of: day of year; time of day; and

    sky condition/cloud cover.

    Data shows:o Light levels are moderate to low after 5 pm on most days of the

    year

    o Winter light levels are generally lower than the rest of the year

    Ref #1: Maximum spectral luminous efficiency of white light, Thomas Murphy, Journal of Applied Physics 111, 104909 (2012)

    Study of Dallas Sky Conditions

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center Concept Feasibility Study M T

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    27/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 27

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Percent of time of High Outdoor IlluminanceDec-Feb: Low 30,000 lux

    Mar-Nov: Low 40,000 lux

    60%

    68%59%

    85%

    Study of Dallas Sky Conditions

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center Concept Feasibility Study M se m To er

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    28/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 28

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Percent of time ofClear Sky Conditions

    68%

    58%63%

    75%

    Study of Dallas Sky Conditions

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum Tower

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    29/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 29

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Conclusions about Outdoor Light Conditions:

    1. Outdoor Illuminance Analysis: At least 59% to 85% of the time after the 11am until late

    afternoon outdoor light levels are high (i.e., >30,000 lux in the winter, >40,000 lux in

    other seasons).

    2. Cloud Cover Analysis: At least 58% to 75% of the time after the 11am until late afternoonthe sky is relatively clear.

    3. Therefore, frequent clear skies and frequent high outdoor light levels should be

    conducive to similar or better natural light illumination of the galleries with the

    reconfigured oculus, as compared to the existing oculus.

    Study of Dallas Sky Conditions

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum Tower

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    30/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 30

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Background

    Previous work by the design team has outlined a

    concept for a reconfigured ocular roof for the Nasher

    Sculpture Center (NSC) to mitigate reflection issues

    from Museum Tower (MT). It is proposed that the

    oculi be both redesigned and rotated. It was

    determined that a rotation angle of 45 degrees west

    of north would effectively shade all reflections from

    the MT as well as direct light from the sun.

    Question?

    By rotating the oculi 45 degrees west of north:

    1) Will any current or foreseeably planned buildings

    be visible through the gallerys altered view of

    the Dallas sky?

    2) If so, would the gallery be susceptible to

    reflections from these buildings?

    Museum Tower

    in plan view

    Projected cone

    of vision from

    sample oculus

    Sun path

    NSC rooftop

    in plan view

    Oculi Projection Defines Edge of Reconfigured Extension

    Existing (left) and Reconfigured (right) Oculi

    Study of Reconfigured Oculi Views

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum Tower

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    31/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 31

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Surrounding Buildings

    A number of buildings are

    currently built to the NW of the

    NSC

    Building heights in this direction

    are limited due to Love Field

    airstrip to the NW. Existing building positions and

    heights were estimated from

    online map data (Google Earth).

    Building elevations were

    attained for 1900 McKinney,

    ensuring an accurate depictionof this building.

    An empty lot was identified NW

    of Museum Tower as being a

    potential site for future

    development.

    Plan view of surrounding buildings to NW of NSC

    Study of Reconfigured Oculi Views

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum Tower

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    32/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 32

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Surrounding Buildings in View?

    A projection was created from a single oculus

    at the center of the NSC rooftop.

    In the image to the right, the red transparent

    surface outlines the bottom limit of the view

    through the oculus. The arc represents an

    approximation of the true shape that the

    back of a reconfigured oculi will have on theprojection (line of sight).

    Any building intercepted by the red surface is

    predicted to be in view of the reconfigured

    oculus.

    The only building that would be in view is the

    top few floors of the building at 1900McKinney (shown here in turquoise blue).

    Projection of view through reconfigured oculi (red) above which

    (tourquoise) buildings would be visible from inside gallery

    Study of Reconfigured Oculi Views

    It is also predicted that the limiting height at which a building can be built on the empty lot NW of

    MT (see yellow dot) is 70 m (230 ft). A building taller than this would potentially be in view from the

    NSC gallery through the roof with the reconfigured oculi.

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum Tower

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    33/71

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

    Page 33

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Will sunlight reflect from 1900 McKinney

    onto the NSC?

    Reflections (red) from SE faade of 1900 McKinney on December 21st.

    Reflections (red) from SE faade of 1900 McKinney on March 21st or

    September 21st.

    On the previous slide, the upper floors of

    1900 McKinney were determined to be in

    view of the reconfigured NSC oculus.

    A computer model reflection study wasperformed to determine if SE faade would

    ever reflect light directly on to the NSC

    rooftop.

    Images to the right (and the next page)

    show the predicted daily range of

    reflections (red) on clear-sky days from the

    SE faade for the equinox and two solstices

    relative to the NSC rooftop (yellow box).

    Study of Reconfigured Oculi View

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum Tower

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    34/71

    g p p y yRWDI # 1200597

    Page 34

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Reflections (red) from SE facade of 1900 McKinney on June 21st.

    The results show that the SE faade of 1900

    McKinney will not reflect light directly on

    the NSC rooftop at any time of the year.

    Study of Reconfigured Oculi View

    Will sunlight reflect from 1900 McKinney

    onto the NSC?

    Will sunlight reflect from the Proposed

    Future Building Site?

    As reported earlier, the limiting height at

    which a building can be built on the proposed

    building site NW of MT (green box) is 70 m(230 ft).

    A 70 m building would not reflect on the roof

    of the NSC. Any height in excess of 70 m

    would require additional reflectivity studies.

    View from Reconfigured Oculus (red) towards Proposed Future

    Building Site

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum Tower

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    35/71

    g p p y yRWDI # 1200597

    Page 35

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Summary

    Existing Oculus with Museum Tower

    The model results agree with real-world observations:

    Blocks all direct light from sun.

    Diffuse light collected from clear sky and some direct light

    bounces off of the oculus cone walls.

    Allows intermittent, afternoon reflections from Museum

    Tower to penetrate into the galleries.

    Reflected light through an oculus occur as bright spot with

    high illuminance of up to 20,000 lux on sample summer

    day.

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum Tower

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    36/71

    RWDI # 1200597

    Page 36

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Reconfigured Oculus:

    Blocks all direct light from sun and reflected light from MuseumTower.

    Restores views to the open Dallas sky, without a view of Museum

    Tower.

    Top floors of 1900 McKinney building will be in reconfigured view

    from NSC, reflection studies indicate that it will not reflect daylight

    into the galleries.

    Rotation of oculus to the west allows for exposure to a brighter

    afternoon sky compared to due north orientation.

    Reconfigured oculus is able to capture more direct light on clear,

    sunny days and the cone design effectively scatters diffuse light

    below oculi.

    For a clear morning sky and any overcast sky condition the

    reconfigured oculus provides less light than the existing oculus priorto MT. Computer model estimates show a reduction of up to 50%. At

    these times ambient light levels are relatively low, therefore artificial

    light in the galleries would render this difference unnoticeable to the

    human eye.

    Summary

    The overall result is increased overall daylight levels during sunny, clear sky conditions while still maintaining

    peak illuminance levels similar to the existing design.

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum Tower

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    37/71

    RWDI # 1200597

    Page 37

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Conclusions about Outdoor Light Conditions:

    1. Outdoor Illuminance Analysis: At least 59% to 85% of the time after the 11am until late

    afternoon outdoor light levels are high (i.e., >30,000 lux in the winter, >40,000 lux in

    other seasons).

    2. Cloud Cover Analysis: At least 58% to 75% of the time after the 11am until late afternoonthe sky is relatively clear.

    3. Therefore, frequent clear skies and frequent high outdoor light levels should be

    conducive to similar or better natural light illumination of the galleries with the

    reconfigured oculus, as compared to the existing oculus.

    Summary

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum Tower

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    38/71

    RWDI # 1200597

    Page 38

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Appendices:

    Appendix A: Oculi Walkability

    Appendix B: Qualitative Model Check of Capture of Reflected Light Spot

    Appendix C: Modeling of diurnal cycle for March 21st, June 21st, & Dec 21st:

    Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing Oculi pre(without) Museum Tower

    Appendix D: Modeling of diurnal cycle for March 21st, June 21st, & Dec 21st:

    Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing Oculi with

    Museum Tower (current scenario)

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    39/71

    RWDI # 1200597

    Page 39

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Walkability

    Currently, the NSC oculi are durable enough that they can

    be walked on to access the rooftop.

    The extended geometry of the reconfigured oculus will

    be need to fabricated in a manner that is equally durable

    so as not to alter any accessibility to the NSC rooftop.

    Oculi wall thickness as well as potential requirements for

    additional fillets or struts between oculi will be

    considered to ensure adequate stiffness to handle

    vertical and lateral loads.

    Existing (top) and Reconfigured

    (bottom) oculi

    Appendix A: Oculi Walkability

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    40/71

    RWDI # 1200597

    Page 40

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Size & Shape of reflection through oculus:

    Check computer model with a finer light collection grid below the Existing Oculus to confirm that

    size/shape of high intensity reflected light spot is reasonable in size and light level.

    Appendix B: Qualitative Model Check of Capture of Reflected Light Spot

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    41/71

    RWDI # 1200597

    Page 41

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a

    single oculus

    June 21st 4:00pm

    Clear sky, sunny, in reflection

    Dense grid to better see reflection shape

    Existing Oculus (with MT)

    Grid: 50 x 50

    Cell: approx 1.1 x 1.1

    Existing Oculus (with MT)

    Grid: 150 x 150

    Cell: approx 0.3 x 0.3

    1

    19,400 lux

    Falsecolor image (0 to 20,000 lux scale)

    ~ 4

    ~ 2

    19,340 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    42/71

    RWDI # 1200597

    Page 42

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Appendix C: Modeling of diurnal cycle for March 21st, June 21st, & Dec 21st:

    Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing Oculi pre

    (without) Museum Tower

    Diurnal simulations to:

    Verify that direct light is being blocked by reconfigured oculi at other times on Jun 21 (longest day

    with highest angles of incidence)

    Check performance of reconfigured oculi for diurnal cases for multiple times of year (summer,winter, spring) for both overcast and clear skies.

    Compare reconfigured oculi performance to baseline case with existing NSC oculi before Museum

    Tower was built (i.e. no MT obstruction or reflection).

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    43/71

    RWDI # 1200597

    Page 43

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Mar 21st 10:00 am

    Reconfigured Oculus

    100 lux120 lux

    Total light = 16 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 95%

    Total light = 30 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 110%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~55,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~11,600 lux

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    190 lux

    Total light = 27 lumens

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    180 lux

    Total light = 17 lumens

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    44/71

    RWDI # 1200597

    Page 44

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Mar 21st 12:00 pm

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    230 lux170 lux

    160 lux240 lux

    Total light = 33 lumens Total light = 20 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 90%

    Total light = 22 lumensTotal light = 52 lumens

    Percent ofexisting (w/o MT) = 160%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~71,400 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~14,700 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    45/71

    RWDI # 1200597

    Page 45

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Mar 21st 2:00 pm

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    240 lux

    210 lux140 lux230 lux

    Total light = 31 lumens Total light = 20 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 95%

    Total light = 21 lumensTotal light = 56 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 180%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~66,900 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~13,800 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    46/71

    RWDI # 1200597

    Page 46

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Mar 21st 4:00 pm

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    150 lux170 lux

    100 lux170 lux

    Total light = 22 lumens Total light = 13 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 95%

    Total light =14 lumensTotal light = 38 lumens

    Percent ofexisting (w/o MT) = 175%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~42,300 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~9,300 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    47/71

    Page 47

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Mar 21st 6:00 pm

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    50 lux 50 lux20 lux30 lux

    Total light = 6 lumens Total light = 4 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 100%

    Total light = 4 lumensTotal light = 10 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 170%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~6,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~3,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    48/71

    Page 48

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    320 lux 140 lux 80 lux270 lux

    Total light = 52 lumens Total light = 14 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 65%

    Total light = 22 lumensTotal light = 25 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 50%

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    June 21st 10:00 am

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Unobstructed: ~70,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~15,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    49/71

    Page 49

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus(without MT)

    430 lux 230 lux160 lux

    280 lux

    Total light = 60 lumens Total light = 18 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 70%

    Total light = 26 lumensTotal light = 48 lumens

    Percent ofexisting (w/o MT) = 80%

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    June 21st 12:00 pm

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~89,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~17,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    50/71

    Page 50

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    June 21st 2:00 pm

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    360 lux380 lux 160 lux260 lux

    Total light = 55 lumens Total light = 22 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 90%

    Total light = 25 lumensTotal light = 86 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 155%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~80,900 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~16,400 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    51/71

    Page 51

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT )

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    270 lux345 lux 130 lux180 lux

    Total light = 45 lumens Total light = 12 lumens

    Percent ofexisting (w/o MT) = 65%

    Total light = 18 lumensTotal light = 83 lumens

    Percent ofexisting (w/o MT) = 185%

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    June 21st 4:00 pm

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~57,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~12,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    52/71

    Page 52

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    June 21st 6:00 pm

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    160 lux230 lux 40 lux100 lux

    Total light = 23 lumens Total light = 5 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 65%

    Total light = 8 lumensTotal light = 30 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 130%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~21,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~6,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    53/71

    Page 53

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Dec 21st 10:00 am

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    100 lux 70 lux70 lux120 lux

    Total light = 15 lumens Total light = 10 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 90%

    Total light =11 lumensTotal light = 17 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 115%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~31,200 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~7,400 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    54/71

    Page 54

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Dec 21st 12:00 pm

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    160 lux160 lux

    100 lux160 lux

    Total light = 21 lumens Total light = 14 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 95%

    Total light =15 lumensTotal light = 32 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 150%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~45,300 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~9,900 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    55/71

    Page 55

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Dec 21st 2:30 pm

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    130 lux

    170 lux

    60 lux150 lux

    Total light = 19 lumens Total light = 11 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 85%

    Total light = 13 lumensTotal light = 27 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 140%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~30,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~8,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    56/71

    Page 56

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Dec 21st 4:00 pm

    Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus

    (without MT)

    60 lux100 lux 50 lux

    80 lux

    Total light = 9 lumens Total light = 6 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 85%

    Total light = 7 lumensTotal light = 16 lumens

    Percent ofexisting (w/o MT) = 180%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~14,200 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~4,400 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    57/71

    Page 57

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Appendix D: Modeling of diurnal cycle for March 21st, June 21st, & Dec 21st:

    Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing Oculi with

    Museum Tower (current scenario)

    Diurnal simulations to:

    Verify that direct light is being blocked by reconfigured oculi at other times on Jun 21 (longest day

    with highest angles of incidence)

    Check performance of reconfigured oculi for diurnal cases for multiple times of year (summer,

    winter, spring) for both overcast and clear skies.

    Compare reconfigured oculi performance to baseline case representing current scenario, existing

    NSC oculi with Museum Tower (i.e. MT provides obstruction and reflection).

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    58/71

    Page 58

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Mar 21st 10:00 am

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    210 lux 100 lux120 lux

    220 lux

    Total light = 60 lumens Total light = 16 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 40%

    Total light = 39 lumensTotal light = 30 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 50%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~55,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~11,600 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    59/71

    Page 59

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Mar 21st 12:00 pm

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    190 lux 170 lux160 lux280 lux

    Total light = 50 lumens Total light = 20 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 40%

    Total light = 50 lumensTotal light = 52 lumens

    Percent ofexisting (w/ MT) = 105%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~71,400 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~14,700 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    60/71

    Page 60

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Mar 21st 2:00 pm

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    260 lux

    210 lux140 lux

    260 lux

    Total light = 58 lumens Total light = 20 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 45%

    Total light = 46 lumensTotal light = 56 lumens

    Percent ofexisting (w/ MT) = 95%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~66,900 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~13,800 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    61/71

    Page 61

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Mar 21st 4:00 pm

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    140 lux

    170 lux100 lux

    180 lux

    Total light = 36 lumens Total light = 13 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 40%

    Total light =31 lumensTotal light = 38 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 105%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~42,300 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~9,300 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    62/71

    Page 62

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Mar 21st 6:00 pm

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    60 lux

    50 lux20 lux40 lux

    Total light = 12 lumens Total light = 4 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 50%

    Total light = 8 lumensTotal light = 10 lumens

    Percent ofexisting (w/ MT) = 85%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~6,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~3,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    63/71

    Page 63

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    315 lux 140 lux 80 lux190 lux

    Total light = 71 lumens Total light = 14 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 35%

    Total light = 38 lumensTotal light = 25 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 35%

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    June 21st 10:00 am

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Unobstructed: ~70,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~15,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    64/71

    Page 64

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    270 lux230 lux

    160 lux220 lux

    Total light = 59 lumens Total light = 18 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 60%

    Total light = 31 lumensTotal light = 48 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 80%

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    June 21st 12:00 pm

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~89,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~17,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    65/71

    Page 65

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    June 21st 2:00 pm

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    360 lux

    380 lux 160 lux310 lux

    Total light = 110 lumens Total light = 22 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 40%

    Total light = 54 lumensTotal light = 86 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 80%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~80,900 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~16,400 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    66/71

    Page 66

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT )

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (withMT)

    255 lux345 lux 130 lux

    155 lux

    Total light = 68 lumens Total light = 12 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 65%

    Total light = 19 lumensTotal light = 83 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 120%

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    June 21st 4:00 pm

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~57,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~12,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    67/71

    Page 67

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    June 21st 6:00 pm

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (withMT)

    170 lux230 lux 40 lux

    90 lux

    Total light = 25 lumens Total light = 5 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 45%

    Total light = 11 lumensTotal light = 30 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 120%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~21,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~6,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    68/71

    Page 68

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Dec 21st 10:00 am

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (withMT)

    110 lux70 lux

    70 lux

    140 lux

    Total light = 31 lumens Total light = 10 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 40%

    Total light = 24 lumensTotal light = 17 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 55%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~31,200 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~7,400 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    69/71

    Page 69

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Dec 21st 12:00 pm

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (withMT)

    260 lux

    160 lux100 lux

    190 lux

    Total light = 49 lumens Total light = 14 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 40%

    Total light =33 lumensTotal light = 32 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 65%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~45,300 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~9,900 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    70/71

    Page 70

    Reputation Resources Results Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China www.rwdi.com

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Dec 21st 2:30 pm

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (withMT)

    80 lux

    170 lux

    60 lux100 lux

    Total light = 19 lumens Total light = 11 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 60%

    Total light = 18 lumensTotal light = 27 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 140%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~30,000 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~8,000 lux

    Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study Museum TowerRWDI # 1200597

  • 7/28/2019 RWDI Oculi Study

    71/71

    Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

    Dec 21st 4:00 pm

    Existing Oculus (with

    MT)

    Reconfigured Oculus Existing Oculus (withMT)

    100 lux

    100 lux 50 lux

    80 lux

    Total light = 16 lumens Total light = 6 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 40%

    Total light =15 lumensTotal light = 16 lumens

    Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 100%

    Reconfigured Oculus

    Clear, sunny sky Cloudy, overcast sky

    Unobstructed: ~14,200 lux (direct)

    Study oculus not in direct reflectionUnobstructed: ~4,400 lux