Russian History from Catherine to the Last Tsar

Russian History Part 2Class 1 - (1725 to 1904)

GCCC Encore Instructor Joe Boisvert – Spring 2010

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y8YVkqZMBlU

9th Century – 13th Century The early history of

Russia, like those of many countries, is one of migrating peoples and ancient kingdoms.

In fact, early Russia was not exactly "Russia," but a collection of cities that gradually coalesced into an empire.

Slavs before 9th nomadic, pagan

Viking Rule starts in the middle of the 9th Century

10th Century Valdmir introduces Christianity

Russian History 13th -15th CenturiesMongol Control

Kievan Rus' struggled on into the 13th century, but was decisively destroyed by the arrival of a new invader--the Mongols. In 1237 Batu Khan, a grandson of Jenghiz Khan, launched an invasion into Kievan Rus

Many attempted Invasions, of Russia first Sweden,

Fearsome Teutonic Knights fights over Religion

It wasn't until 1480, after another century had passed, that Moscow was strong enough to throw off Tatar rule for good. 

15th - 17th Century After Mongols - Grand

Duke Ivan III, better known as Ivan the Great. Ivan began by subjugating most of Moscow's rival cities,

Ivan the Terrible First Czar

Ivan the Terrible died in 1584, he was succeeded by poor rulers

Times of Trouble wars with Poland

  Finally, in 1613, the

Poles were ousted from Moscow,

The boyars unanimously elected Michael Romanov as Tsar. The Romanov dynasty was to rule Russia for the next 304 years, 

1725-1727: Catherine I, Empress of All Russia 1727-1730: Peter II, Emperor of All Russia 1730-1740: Anna Ivanovna, Empress of All Russia 1740-1741: Ivan VI, Emperor of All Russia 1741-1761: Elizabeth, Empress of All Russia 1761-1762: Peter III, Emperor of All Russia 1762-1796: Catherine II the Great, Empress of All

Timeline of Russian RulersEighteenth Century

The Development of Russia in the Eighteenth Century

Before the 18th century, Russia was considered a part of Europe only by courtesy. Hemmed in by Sweden on the Baltic and the Ottoman Empire on the Black sea, the country had no warm water ports. Archangel on the White Sea was its only outlet to the West. Consequently, there was little trade. 

Beside the physical separation, Russia was separated by the customs and cultural adherence to Eastern cultural and political traditions.

During the 18th century, the Russian Empire became a Political power. This became possible because of Peter the Great. His accomplishments forced the West to take notice.

Portrait of Catherine I Empress of All Russia

Painted in 1717

Catherine was the first woman to rule Imperial Russia. Wife of Peter the Great

Peter II, Emperor of All Russia (1727- 1730)

Anna Bride of Peter 2nd

1730-1740: Anna Ivanovna,

Empress of All RussiaDeclared War on Ottoman Empire 1736

Reign 28 October 1740 – 6 December 1741

Predecessor Anna

Successor Elizabeth

Full name

Ivan Antonovich

Father Anthony Ulrich

Mother Anna Leopoldovna

Born 23 August 1740St. Petersburg

Died 16 July 1764 (aged 23)Shlisselburg

Ivan VI, Emperor

of All Russia

Elizabeth was commonly regarded as the leading beauty of the Russian Empire.Declared War On Sweden1741 Gained FinlandUnder Elizabeth, St. Petersburg Was the most dazzling court in Europe. Born in Moscow on 18 December, 1709Elizabeth died in St. Petersburg on 25 December, 1761

Elizabeth Petrovna was born in Moscow on

18 December, 1709

Daughter of Peter the Great (Reluctant Ruler) 1750’s

Husband of Catherine 2

Coronation portrait of Peter III of Russia -1761

Peter III of Russia 1761 - 1762

Deposed in 1762

Peter 111July 13 and July 14 , 1762  the Leib Guard revolted, deposed Peter, and proclaimed Catherine the ruler of Russia. The bloodless coup succeededBut three days after the coup, on July 17, 1762 -just six months after his accession to the throne - Peter III was killed by Alexei Orlov 

Tsar Peter III reigned only 6 months; he was

Asasinated on 17 July 1762

Reign 28 June 1762 – 6 November 1796

Coronation 12 September 1762Predecessor Peter IIISuccessor Paul

Empress consort of All the RussiasTenure 25 December 1761 – 28

June 1762

Consort to Peter III of RussiaIssuePaul of RussiaAleksey BobrinskyFull nameSophie Friederike AugusteFather Christian Augustus, Princ

e of Anhalt-ZerbstMother Johanna Elisabeth von H

olstein-Gottorp

Born May 2, 1729Stettin, Kingdom of Prussia, HRE

Died 6 November 1796 (aged 67)Saint Petersburg, Russia

Burial Peter and Paul Cathedral in Saint Petersburg

Catherine II The Great

Empress and Autocrat of All the Russia's

Painted by Vladimir Borovikovsky.  

Portrait of Catherine II, Empress of Russia. 1794. Oil on canvas. The Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Russia. 

Ruled Russia 1762-1796

Catherine took power after a conspiracy deposed her husband, Peter III (1728–1762)

He was the son of Elizabeth's

heir, her nephew, the Grand Duke 

Peter , later Emperor Peter III, and his wife, the Grand Duchess

Catherine

Catherine strongly implies that Paul's father was not Peter 111,

but her lover Sergei Saltykov

Paul 11796-1801: Paul I, Emperor of All

Russia 

Ascension to the throne

Paul became emperor after Catherine suffered a stroke on 5 November 1796, and died in bed without having

regained consciousness. • His first action was to destroy her testament,

• She had expressed wishes to exclude Paul from succession and to

leave the throne to Alexander, her eldest

grandson

Paul 1 as a Child

1796-1801: Paul I, Emperor of All Russia 

1. Peter The Great, Czar 1682-1721; Emperor Of All Russia 1721-1725

• Catherine I, Empress Of All Russia 1725-1727

• Peter II, Emperor Of All Russia 1727-1730•

• Anna Ivanovna, Empress Of All Russia 1730-1740

• Ivan VI, Emperor Of All Russia 1740-1741

 • Elizaveta Petrovna, Empress Of All Russia 1741-1761

• Peter III, Emperor Of All Russia 1761-1762

 Catherine The Great, Empress Of All Russia 1762-1796

Paul I, Emperor Of All Russia 1796-1801

Peter Ended Last

Semester

18th Century Russian Rulers