russia military

RUSSIA MILITARYQuick Reference Guide

U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command

GTA 20-10-001

T-72Combat Weight (tons): 44.5

Max Speed (km/h): 60

Main Armament (mm): 125

Max Effective Range (km): 2-3

January 2020

Table of ContentsRussian Military Districts Overview ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……. 3

Russian Military Headquarters Overview ..………………………………………………………………………………………….……………. 4

Typical Table of Organization and Equipment (TO&E)..……..…………………………….……………………………………………….….5-6

Military Districts and Order of Battle .…………………………………………………………………………………………………..……… 7-19

Western Military District ……………………………………………...……………………………………………...……………. 8

Western Military District Order of Battle ……………………………………………….………………….... 9-10

Southern Military District …………………………………………………………………………………………………….........11

Southern Military District Order of Battle ………………………………………………………………..... 12-13

Central Military District ………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………. 14

Central Military District Order of Battle ……………..…………………………………………….…………... 15

Eastern Military District ………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….….16

Eastern Military District Order of Battle …….………………………………………………………….…..….. 17

Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command…………………………………………………………………..…….….18

Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command Order of Battle...................................................….. 19

Airborne Forces Order of Battle ……………………………………………………………………………………….……...21-22

Ratnik…………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………...….24

Equipment……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...….26-32

Russian Small Arms and RPGs.……….…………………………………………………………………………….……………………....….… 26

Russian Anti-Tank Guided Missiles.……………………………………………………………………………………….….…………...……... 27

Russian Combat Vehicles……….………………………………………………………………………………………….………………...….... 28

Russian Indirect Fire.…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………….... 29

Russian Air Defense.………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….………………… 30

Russian Helicopters in Western District.…………………………………………………………………………………………………...… 31-32

Rank Structure……………………...………………………………………………………………................................................................… 34

Appendix A Symbology Key……..……………………...…………………………………..………………………………………………......… 36

Appendix B Quick Facts……..……………………...……………………………………………….........................................................… 37-38

Moscow implemented a new Joint Strategic Command (OSK) structure in 2010 to better facilitate joint military operations. Russia converted its six military districts into four OSKs. In 2015, Russia created a fifth OSK, the Northern Fleet, to improve its capability to project military power into the Arctic and to take advantage of the opening of the Russia’s Northern Sea Route.

Russian Military Districts Overview

3

Since 1862, Russian military forces have aligned under military districts based off territorial association. Territorial divisions are utilized to provide more efficient management of units, their training, and activities related to combat readiness. A military district command has units of all military branches (Ground Forces, Air Force and Air Defenses, Navy) under their supervision.

Russian Military Headquarters Overview

Baltic SeaFleet

6

XXXX

1

XXXX

20

XXXX

8

XXXX

58

XXXX

49

XXXX

NorthernFleet

CaspianFlotilla

2

XXXX

41

XXXX

36

XXXX

29

XXXX

35

XXXX

5

XXXX

PacificFleet

4

Typical TO&E

II

31 x MBT (93)

X

Personnel: 3,000Equipment: T-72B3/T-80/T-90

II

MT-LBV/BTR (43)

II

2S19 (18)

II

2S25 (6)9P162 (24)

II

BM-21 (18)

II

SA-15B (12)SA-18 (9)

II

2S6M1 (6)SA-13 (6)

II

MBT (41)

II

18 x 2S19 (18)

II

2S25 (6)9P162 (24)

II

BM-21 (18)

II

SA-15B (12)SA-18 (9)

II

2S6M1 (6)SA-13 (6)

X

Personnel: 3,000-4,500Equipment: BMP-2/BMP-3/MT-LBV

II

MBT (41)

II

2S19 (36)

II

2S25 (6)9P162 (24)

II

BM-21 (18)

II

SA-15B (12)SA-18 (9)

II

2S6M1 (6)SA-13 (6)

II

43 x BMP/MT-LBV (129)

X

Personnel: 3,000-4,500Equipment: BTR-80/BTR-82/BTR-90

II

43 x BTR (129)

5

Typical TO&E

X

II

2S25 (6)9P162 (18)

II

9A52-4 (18)

X X

Personnel: 1,000Equipment: 2S19/2S35

II

18 x Howitzers (36)

X

Personnel: 500Equipment: 9A52-2/9A52-4

II

6 x Launchers (18)

II

2S19 (18)

Personnel: 400-500Equipment: SA-15B/SA-18

II

Personnel: 500Equipment: 2S6M1/SA-13

SA-15B (36)SA-18 (27)

II

MANPAD (27)

2S6M1 (18)SA-13 (18)

II

6

Military Districts&

Order of Battle

7

COMMAND: The Western Military District is headquartered in St Petersburg, Russia

Personnel (active): 150,000

Western Military District

3

III

752

3

III

237

3

X

252

6

X

138

6

X

25

144

III

488

144

III

182

144

III

228

11

III

7

11

X

79

BF

X

336

1

X

6

2

III

1 2

III

15 2

III

1

4

III

12 4

III

13 4

III

423

1

X

27

8

9

X

13825

X

5

X

26

X

95

XOPS

132

X

51

X

30

III6

III

3

XX

144

XX

252752

III

237

III

99

III

1143

III

84

II

SF

337

II

692

II

911

II

488182

III

228

III

1259

III

148

II

SF

1281

II

686

II

295

II

448

X

9

XOPS

11

XXX

7

III

79

X

244

X

152

X

22

III

856

III

Western Military District Order of Battle

336

X

XXXX

6

XXXX

20 Baltic Sea Fleet

*Insignia not available for all units. 9

115

III

1

III

147

III

1117

III

136

II

SF

211

II

47

II

1063

II

1213

III

49

X

137

II

SF

413

II

1088

II

112

X

60

XOPS

202

X

82

II

275

III

1174

II

423

III

538

III

330

II

165

II

27

X

6

X

96

X

SF

288

X

53

X

69

X

45

X

Operational GroupTransnistria

113

II

540

IIOPS

79

X

Western Military District Order of Battle

XX

2

XXXX

1XX

4

10*Insignia not available for all units.

COMMAND: The Southern Military District is headquartered in Rostov-On-Don, Russia


Southern Military District

150

III

102 150

III

103

150

III

163 150

III

68

49

X

34 49

X

205

58

X

19

42

III

71 42

III

291

42

III

70

58

X

136

CF

II

414

CF

II

727

8

X

20

11

42

XX

7071291

III

50

III

1203

III

19136

X

67

X

100

X

SF

12

X

291

X

Southern Military District Order of Battle

7

Base

49

XXXX

227

X

90

X1

X

66

XOPS

205

X

34

X

4

Base 25

III

SF

150

XX

102103

III

933

III

68163

III

381

III

20

X

XXXX

58

XXXX

8


Southern Military District Order of Battle

102

XXXX

988

III22

XXXBase

127

X

SF

126

X

8

III

15

X

810

X

414727

II

77

X

439

X

11

X28

X

Black Sea Fleet Caspian Flotilla


COMMAND: The Central Military District is headquartered in Khabarovsk


Central Military District

90

III

239

2

X

30 2

X

15

2

X

21

90

III

690

III

80

90

III

228

41

X

35

41

X

74

41

X

41

14

Central Military District Order of Battle

201

Base

2

XXXX

385

X

297

X

92

X

91

XOPS

90

XX

61

X

400

III

950

III

2

X

71

X

105

X

301521

X

239680

III

228

III

33

X

3574

X

14992191

III

120

X

119

X

10

III

35

XOPS

106

X

28

X

232

X

29

X

179

XOPS

XXXX

41

55

X


COMMAND: The Eastern Military district is headquartered in Khabarovsk, Russia


Eastern Military District

36

X

5

36

X

37

29

X

36

35

X

38

35

X

69

5

X

57

PF

X

155

5

X

70

5

X

59

5

X

60

68

X

3935

X

64

PF

X

40

18

III

49

18

III

46

16

305

X

8

X

20

X

80

XOPS

101

X

25

III

70595760

X

Eastern Military District Order of Battle

165

X

71

X

107

X

54

XOPS

103

X

35

III

6438

X

69

X

36

XXXX

30

X

35

X

103

X

75

XOPS

102

X

26

III

37

X5

X

200

X

140

X3

X

104

X19

III

36

X

68

XXX

18

XX

4649

III

39

X

15540

X

520

X

72

X

5

XXXX

35

XXXX

29

XXXX

Pacific Fleet


COMMAND: The Northern Fleet and the Joint Arctic Command is headquartered in Severomorsk, Russia


Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command

14

X

200

NF

X

61

14

X

80

18

Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command Order of Battle

14

XXX

20080

X

61

X

536

X

Northern Fleet


“VDV” Airborne Forces

20

Airborne Forces Order of Battle

1141

III

3

III108247

III

V

162

II

629

II

743

II

1681

II6

II

185

IIC

M

1140

III

4

III104234

III

V

175

II

656

II

728

II

1682

II7

II

242

IIC

M

5

III

1683

II15

II

243

IIC

M

217331

III

215

II

661

II

647

II

1

III

1060

II43

II

110

IIC

M

51137

III

173

II

388

II

731

II

1065

III

1182

III

I

I

I

498499

II

I

I

9

II

I

XXX

XX

7

XX

76

XX

98

XX

106

X

11

*Insignia not available for all units.21

Airborne Forces Order of Battle

I

I

I

I

I

II

I

II

VII

I

I

I

I

I

II

I

II

I

I

I

I

I

I

II

598635654 II

9

X

38

II

218

II

SF

901

II

MI

226285

III

II

1120

266

IIC

M

X

31

X

56

X

83 45

X

242

X


Ratnik Combat Kit

23

Ratnik Russian Military Combat Kit

The Russian military issues Ratnik as load-bearing equipment and combat gear. Ratnik is meant to provide all Russian soldiers a combat kit suited for future combat environments. The total kit is over forty pieces and worn with an all-season camouflage uniform that includes body armor (6B45) and a lightweight helmet (6B47) that can be fitted with advanced vision gear. Modular elements include additional armored thigh and shoulder trauma plates for infantry, and the modern Strelets voice, data, and video communications system with a GLONASS satellite navigation module. 24

Equipment

25

PKM

Makarov

Weapon SystemMakarov

(Pistol)AK-74

(Automatic Rifle)RPK

(Machinegun)PKM

(Machinegun)RPG-7

(Grenade Launcher)SPG-9

(Recoilless Rifle)AGS-17

(Grenade Launcher)

Caliber (mm) 9 5.45 7.62 7.62 40 73 30

System Weight (kg) .81 3.6 6.8 15.5 6.3 47 31

Max Effective Range (m) 50 500 1000 1500 300 1300 800

Rate of Fire (per min) 30 650 600 650 4-6 6 350-400

Rounds per magazine 8 30 40/75 100-200 3 6 29

Armor Penetration (mm) - - - - 260 400 -

Crew - - - - 2 4 2

Russian Small Arms and RPGs

RPKAK-74

AGS-17RPG-7 SPG-9

26

Weapon System9M111 (Fagot)

9M113 (Konkurs)

9M115(Metis)

9M115-2(Metis-M)

9M133(Kornet)

Caliber (mm) 120 135 93 130 152

Max Effective Range (m) 2000 4000 1000 2000 5500

Min Effective Range (m) 70 70 40 80 100

Armor Penetration (mm) 400 600 460 1000 1300

Guidance System SACLOS SACLOS SACLOS SACLOS SACLOS

System Weight with Rocket (kg) 34 37.1 16.5 24.3 55

Crew 2 2-3 2 3 2

Russian Anti-Tank Guided Missiles (ATGM)

9M115-2

9M111 9M1159M113

9M133

27

Weapon System T-90A BTR-90 BMP-3U BMD-4

Combat Weight (tons) 46.5 20.9 18.7 13.4

Max Speed (km/h) 60 100 70 70

Main Armament (mm) 125 30 30 100/30

Basic Load HE / APAT-5 Spandrel

PKT coax

2A42 30mm AT-5 Spandrel

AGS-17DPKT Coax

500 x 30mm22 x 100mm3 x GLATGM

PKT Coax

100mm 2A70 2A42 30mm PKT Coax

Max Effective Range (km) 5 4.5 5 7

Rate of Fire (per min) 5 50 50 12

Russian Combat VehiclesT-90A

BMP-3U

BTR-90

BMD-4

28

Weapon System D-30 TOS-1 2S19 9A52-2

Combat Weight (tons) 2.8 45.3 42 43.7

Max Speed (km/h) 60 60 60 60

Main Armament (mm) 122 220 152.4 300

Basic Load 50 30 50 12

Rate of Fire (per min) 10-12 120 6-8 24-26

Max Effective Range (km) 30 17 60 90

Russian Indirect Fire KeyD-30 TOS-1

2S19 9A52-2

29

Weapon System SA-17 ZSU-23 SA-21 SA-22

Combat Weight (tons) 35 19 20 30

Max Speed (km/h) 80 50 60 50

Main Armament (mm) 400 4×23 2A7 40N6E 2A38M 30mm23YA6 missile

Basic Load or Stowage 4 2000 4 12x23Ya62000x30mm

Rate of Fire (per min) 24 4,000 17-20 4,000

Max Effective Range (km) 40 20 200 50

Russian Air DefenseSA-17 ZSU-23

SA-21 SA-22

30

Weapon System Ka-52A (Attack) Mi-28N (Attack) Mi-35 (Attack) Mi-26 (Utility/Transport)

Combat Weight (tons) 10.8 11.5 11.5 56

Max Speed (km/h) 310 320 310 295

Armaments 1x30mm Cannon (460 Rounds)

1x30mm Cannon (300 Rounds)

Two-barrel 23mm cannon -

12 x Vikhr AT 4 x Igla-V AA

16 x Ataka Ataka-V AT/Shturm-V AT/Igla AA

-

Crew/Troops 2 2 2/8 5/80

Max Effective Range (km) 520 460 435 1,952

Russian Helicopters in Western DistrictKa-52A

Mi-35 Mi-26

Mi-28N

31

Weapon System Mi-8MTV-5 (Attack/Utility) Mi-24 (Attack) Mi-8 (Utility/Transport)

Combat Weight (tons) 13 12.5 12

Max Speed (km/h) 250 310 250

Armaments 2 x 7.62 mm machine guns 23mm twin-barrel cannon 7.62mm and 12.7mm trainable machine guns

Ataka-V AT/Shturm-V AT/Igla AA

9M114 Shturm (AT-6 Spiral) 9M17P Skorpion/9M114 Shturm/9M120 Vikhr AT/Igla-V AA

Crew/Troops 3/26 3/8 3/24

Max Effective Range (km) 580 450 350

Russian Helicopters in Western District

Mi-8

Mi-8MTV-5 Mi-24

32

Rank Structure

33

Russian Military Rank Structure

34

Appendix

35

Appendix A “Symbology Key”

Infantry

Motor Rifle

Mountain Infantry

Mountain Motor Rifle

Naval Infantry

SF Special Forces (Spetsnaz)

Tank

Artillery

Self-Propelled Artillery

Reactive Artillery

Anti-Aircraft Missile

Anti-Aircraft Missile-Artillery

CBRN

Base Military Base

OPS

Command and Control

Communications

Engineer

Logistics

Airborne Infantry

C

MCargo Medium Lift

Medical

MaintenanceAnti-Tank

Anti-Tank Artillery

Reconnaissance

Air Assault InfantryV

36

Appendix B “Quick Facts”

Ground Troops or Sukhoputniye Voyska are the land warfighting component of the Russian Ministry of Defense. The Ground Troops constitute the largest component of the Russian Federation armed forces.

Motorized Rifle Troops units are the most abundant formations in Russia's Ground Troops. Essentially mounted infantry, these are highly mobile forces tasked with holding territory, repulsing enemy attacks, breaking through enemy defenses, capturing important areas, and defeating the enemy.

Tank Troops are the main strike component of the Ground Troops. They support Motorized Rifle Troop missions with direct fires during meeting engagements.

Missile Troops and Artillery are the main means of indirect fires for Russian combined arms operations. Missile Troops and Artillery forces are organized into missile, rocket-artillery, and combined artillery units. Missile units operate close/short-range ballistic missiles. Rocket-artillery units operate multiple rocket launchers (MLRs), and combined artillery units operate composite towed or self-propelled artillery and MLRs.

Air Defense Troops provide air defense for the Ground Troops. These units are equipped with anti-aircraft missiles, anti-aircraft artillery, anti-aircraft gun-and-missile systems, and portable anti-aircraft missile systems.

Reconnaissance Troops perform a wide range of tasks in order to provide decision makers with information about enemy strength, disposition, terrain, and weather conditions.

Engineer Troops perform a variety of specialized tasks, including the construction of fortifications, installation of obstacles (mine fields, etc.), the preparation of field deployment locations, the preparation and maintenance of deployment routes, the construction of bridges and ferry crossings, and water purification.

Nuclear Biological Chemical Defense Troops are specialized forces tasked with mitigating the effects of nuclear, biological, or chemical contamination.

Signal Troops are specialized forces designed for the deployment and maintenance of mobile redundant command, control, and communications systems.

37

Appendix B “Quick Facts”

Since 2010, there have been significant improvements in the condition of Russian ground arms, including the modernization andupgrade of the main battle tank (MBT) inventory. The active inventory includes the T-72, T-80U, and T-90 MBTs.

The T-72 is one of Russia’s oldest active MBTs and has been upgraded to include substantial enhancements in explosive reactive armor, electronic components, and enhanced navigation systems.

Russia remains the second largest arms exporter worldwide, in terms of the annual value of both its export contracts and equipment deliveries. Russia is an exporter of nearly every category of conventional military equipment, from small arms to long-range airdefense systems and submarines.

Russia's Airborne Troops or VDV (Vozdushno-Desantniye Voyska) is an independent arm of service within the Russian Federation armed forces. In its role as rapid response or initial assault forces, the VDV may be used to achieve specific objectives that shape the battle space for follow-on ground forces.

These may include:

-Seizing key terrain (i.e., bridges, airports, and seaports).

-Establishing blocking positions and vertical envelopment of a retreating enemy.

-Disrupting enemy logistical supplies, communications, and command centers.

-Destroying high value targets.

38

Notes

39

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