RussiaLand of the Tsars

PART IIvan the Terrible

Part I

1. Who said Russia is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma? – Winston Churchill

2. Russia is a nation of many __________________. – nations

3. ________________ warriors sailed down the rivers of Russia to trade in Asia. – Viking

4. Russia means “land of the ___________”, what the native people called the Vikings. – Rus

Part I

5. What essential physical feature held Russia together? – Rivers

6. Vladimir became the Grand Prince of ___________?– Kiev

7. Grand Prince Vladimir sought a religion to unite Russia, what did he choose? – Christian Orthodox

8. Who were Boris and Gleb? What happened to them? – Russian princes; they were murdered by their brother

and became the 1st saints of the Russian Orthodox Church

Part I

9. What was the Golden Horde? How long did they rule Russia? – Mongol warriors; 2 ½ centuries

10. The Mongol Horde laid siege to the city of __________ in 1240 and burned it. – Kiev

11. The Mongol warriors who ruled Russia were called ____________ by the Russians. – Tartars

12. What was the first Russian civilization known as?– The Rus

Part I

13. ________ was a great city built around the fortress known as the Kremlin.

Moscow

14. In 1380, Prince Dimitri led the Russians against the Mongols on the banks of the River ___.

Don

15. Czar is Russian for __________. Caesar

16. Who were the Boyars? Russian noblemen

Part I

17. In the Late 1400s, Ivan III drove out the __________________.

Tartars

18. Ivan the IV formally adopted the term _____ at his coronation in January, 1547.

Czar (or Tsar)

19. What did Ivan IV do to be named “Ivan the Terrible”?He imprisoned, tortured, and killed Boyars, military leaders, religious leaders and others around him.

Part I

20. Who were the Oprichniki? What role did they play in Ivan’s terror?

Ivan IV’s private army, 6,000 murderous riders cloaked in black; they hunted down, tortured, and killed the “enemies” of Ivan the Terrible.

21. The _____________ attacked and burned Moscow to the ground, killing over 60,000 people.

Tartars

22. How did Ivan’s son die? He was killed by Ivan IV

PART IIPeter the Great

Part II

1. Describe the “Time of Troubles” - a traumatic and disastrous time included

widespread famine and disease

2. What did the Russians do to the Polish pretender to the crown? - They killed him, burned him, stuffed his

ashes in a cannon and shot them toward Poland.

3. What is serfdom? - Peasants can be bought and sold with the land

Part II

4. What did being a serf mean to a farmer? -You were tied to the land

5. Which Tsar instituted serfdom and why?-Alexis I instituted full serfdom in 1649. Ivan III tried to stabilize the economy by limiting the mobility of the serfs with the Sudebnik of 1497.

6. Who is Sofia?-Peter the Great’s sister

Part II

7. What was Sofia’s role during Peter’s early reign with his brother, Ivan V?

-She ruled as crown regent for her brothers

8. How did Sofia communicate with Peter when he was on the throne?

-She had a door cut in the throne so she could sit behind him and tell him what to do.

9. Who were the Streltsy?-Elite musketeers in the army.

Part II

10.What did Peter do with Sofia?-Peter exiled her to a convent and made her become a nun

11.Why do you think Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov was called Peter the Great?

-Answers could include his enormous size (6’7”), or the great things he did for Russia.

12.What did he do that was so unusual for his time?

-He was the first Tsar to travel to Europe

Part II

13.How did he try to westernize Russia?-By building a navy and obtaining a warm water port, thus opening up communication between Russia and Europe.

14.What ideas did he introduce to Russia?-1st newspaper, 1st hospital, 1st museum; 1st schools of navigation, politics, geography, and astronomy; built a new navy and army, built a new capital

Part II

15.Peter had a passion for ships. What were the obstacles blocking his maritime ambitions?

-Russia had no naval tradition and was practically landlocked.

16.What did Peter do in the West?-He wanted to gain knowledge from a wide variety of sources, he studied extensively, and shipbuilding was his main interest.

Part II

17.What did Peter do to the boyars and the Streltsy when he returned?

-The Boyars could not wear their traditional clothes and dress more European and Peter would rip out their beards with his bare hands. He sentenced over 1,000 Streltsy to be executed.

PART IIICatherine the Great

Part III

1. When Elizabeth seized power, what happened to the baby Tsar?

He was locked away for life

2. Who was Frederick the Great? Prussian leader who went to war with

Russia during Elizabeth’s reign

3. How did Catherine the Great come to power? Grigory Orlov and others loyal to Catherine deposed and murdered Czar Peter III, Catherine’s husband.

Part III

4. What kinds of ideas did she encourage? Knowledge and learning, the arts, encouraged local govt., chartered schools and universities, encouraged nobles to reform.

5. In 1773, a peasant revolt took place in the ______ River Basin. Volga

6. Catherine the Great was obsessed with taking the Black Sea coast from the _______ Empire. Ottoman

Part III

7. The assassination of King ______ XVI of ____worried Catherine and caused her to doubt the ideals of the Enlightenment.

Louis ; France

8. Grigory Potemkin, a favorite of Catherine’s, guided the assault on the _________ and was later named a Prince of the Russian Empire.

Crimea

9. How long was Catherine the Great’s reign? 34 years

Part III

10. Catherine’s grandson _____ took the throne from his father Paul in a palace coup.

Alexander I

11. In 1807 _________ forced Alexander I to sign a treaty of friendship with France.

Napoleon Bonaparte

12. Alexander I declared an alliance with England in 1811 and as a result Napoleon marched on __________ with the largest army in European history.

Moscow

Part III

13. The Battle of ________ took place outside of Moscow on September 7th, 1812. It was the single bloodiest battle of the Napoleonic wars with over 75,000 soldiers killed. Borodino

14. Napoleon Bonaparte lost over ___________ men in the war. 500,000

15. Alexander’s successor, Nicholas I, put down a revolt by the _____ rebels. Decembrist

PART IVAlexander II

Part IV

1. What did Nicholas I do with the Decembrists? Exile and executions

2. Who was Russia’s great poet and national hero? How did he die? Alexander Pushkin, he died in a duel.

3. The __ war showed that Russia was not as powerful as people thought.

Crimean

4. How did Nicholas I die? Pneumonia

Part IV

5. What kinds of reforms did Alexander II institute? He pardoned the Decembrists, abolished corporal punishment, instituted trial by jury, and modernized the railway system

6. When did Alexander II sign the Emancipation Manifesto and free the serfs?

1861

7. For freeing the serfs Alexander II was called the Czar-__. Liberator

8. Russia went to war with __ in 1904. Japan

Part IV

9. Tsar Nicholas II’s heir, Alexei, suffered from what disease?Hemophilia

10. Hundreds of protestors were killed by the Winter Palace guards on Bloody _________.

Sunday

11. Nicholas II signed the __ Manifesto, which granted the people basic civil rights.

October

12. A mesmerizing Siberian mystic named __ was brought in to help Alexei.

Grigori Rasputin

Part IV

13. Russia lost over _______ million men during World War I. eight

14. The _______ Uprisings of 1917 ultimately led to full scale revolution.

February

15. Tsar Nicholas II was forced to __, or give up his throne, in March of 1917.

abdicate

16. Vladimir Lenin’s __ stormed the Duma in October of 1917 leading to a bloody

Bolsheviks

Part IV

17. Who was the last of the Romanov Czars? What happened to him and his family?

Nicholas II, he and his family were murdered by the Bolsheviks on orders from Vladimir Lenin