RURAL URBAN FRINGE

BY K. SAI PRANEETH

B.TECH PLANNINGSPA, JNAFAU Dept. OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING

RURAL URBAN FRINGE

CONTENTS

DefinitionStructureStages of growth and its role in urban growth

DEFINITIONRural urban fringe(RUF):

It is a zone or frontier discontinuity between city and country in which rural and urban land use are intermixed.

FRINGE is defined as relation to the city and exists in agriculture hinterland(area around or beyond a major town) where land use is changing.

STRUCTURE City area consists of two

types of administrative areas.

1. The municipal towns or nagar panchayats.

2. Revenue villages or gram panchayats.

structureA. MUNICIPAL TOWNS: 1. In this towns the level of municipal services is as good as

in the main city.2. The municipal towns differ in terms of their distance from

the main city.3. The provision of amenities in these towns tends to be

unrelated to that in the main city and of very poor quality.

structureB. REVENUE VILLAGES:• They are completely urbanized with much , if not all,

agricultural lands are converted into residential areas.• Others are only partially affected, in yet other land use is

entirely rural, the only link with the city being the daily commuters.

• As a result, the rural urban fringe has a complex structure.

Example:I. In calcatta, madras and delhi, the fringe begins will

beyond the city limits.II. The area lying just outside the municipal limits is an

important area of new residential, industrial and commercial development.

III. In greater bombay, the rural-urban fringe does begin within the city limits, substantial portion of the fringe is within the legal city.

STAGES OF GROWTH INTRODUCTION: o R .Ramachandran and srivastava, well known

urban geographer.o In 1950’s during a study of villages lying in the

RUF of delhi, they had found a particular pattern of stages trough which a village community passes as the village gets transformed into an urban one.

STAGES OF GROWTHThe rural urban fringe developed as FOUR aspects:

1) Spatial interaction with city.2) Social dimensions.3) Physical aspects.4) Economic aspects. Keeping this aspects in view, there can be FIVE stages in the process of transformation.

1)RURAL STAGE: Agriculture is the main occupation of the people who live in villages. Land less laborersform a large group and work as a agricultural laborers.

RURAL STAGE Interaction between the

city and village is minimum.

Movement is restricated only to jobs in urban areas and trips for sale of agricultural produce.

Such villages lack almost all the facilities available in the city.

2)THE STAGE OF AGRICULTURAL LAND USE CHANGE

The city offers a market for products like milk, vegetables and e. t. c . And villagers are in a position to supply.

Few farmers notice it and take advantage of this oppurtunity.

The village in this manner becomes vegetable farm and milk shed of the city.

The three FACTORS which are responsible for development is:

FACTORS

1. Increase in city population leads to the demand for products like milk, and vegetables.

2. Improvement in transportation facilities. As a result, village become more accessible then before.

3. In this case, people’s awareness and direct contact with the city increases over a period of time.

3)STAGE OF OCCUPATIONAL CHANGE

The village population responds to the employment opportunity in the city.

Some village families have started business like repair shops, tea shops, grocery in city.

The mobility of village population increases and number of scooters, bikes, cars and city buses increases.

Houses are rebuilt with better furnished and well equipped in the villages.

4)STAGE OF URBAN LAND USE GROWTH

A few plots of land from villagers are purchased by real estate agents from the city.

They develop into a residential colonies within a short time and they convert village lands into city life.

Lands near main road which connects the village to city are first developed.

4)STAGE OF URBAN LAND USE GROWTH

• EXAMPLE: some of the villages in fringe zone around delhi are in “urbanizable limits”.

• Farmers are not allowed to sell their lands to private land developers.

• Instead they sell them to Delhi development authority (DDA).

• So that Government can develop those lands with master plan.

5)URBAN VILLAGE STAGEo Now the fringe village is

converted into urban uses.o No agricultural lands

around the village.o Migration starts.o All around the village site,

we have a number of urban residential localities.

5)URBAN VILLAGE STAGE

EXAMPLES• Kotla mubarakapur, defence colony in the east, kasturba

nagar in the north and kidwai nagar in the west are well known residential areas of delhi.

• Total 110 urban villages are there in delhi.• The process of transformation of fringe villages is

proceeding rapidly around metropolitan delhi.