+

Rosemarie Rizzo ParseHuman Becoming Theory

Melody DevlinAmber Hart

+ Background Graduated from Duquesne University in Pittsburgh,

where she later served as the dean of nursing. Master’s and Doctorate from the University of

Pittsburgh. Professor and Coordinator of the Center for Nursing

Research at Hunter College of the City of New York (1983-1993)

Professor and Niehoff Chair at Loyola University Chicago (1993-2006).

“Parse is an articulate, courageous, and vibrant leader with a strong vision and a deliberate determination to advance the discipline of nursing . . . With a perspective that focuses on quality of life and human dignity from the perspective of patients, families and communities”

+ Published Author

Published 9 books Over 100 articles Renowned speaker on Nursing Education, Theory to

over 300 local, national and international venues in 30 different countries on 5 continents

+ Awards Lifetime Achievement Awards from:

Nursing Research Society Asian American Pacific Islander Nursesa

Rosemarie Rizzo Parse Scholarship endowed in her name at the Henderson State College of Nursing

Society of Rogerian Scholars honored her by awarding the Martha E. Rogers:

Golden Slinky Award 2008 New York Times Nurse Educator of the

Year Award

+ Currently . . .

Consultant and Visiting Scholar at the New York University College of Nursing

Founder and current Editor of Nursing Science Quarterly

President of Discovery International, inc. Founder of the Institute of Humanbecoming

+ Origin of the Humanbecoming Theory

Originally Published in 1981 and was entitled “Man-living-health”

Renamed in 1992 to remove the word “man” which was formerly in the dictionary as human kind.

Developed as a human science nursing theory in the tradition of Dilthey, Heidegger, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty and Gadamer.

Assumptions were synthesized from works of European philosophers: Heidegger, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty

Along with the works of American nurse theorist Martha Rogers. Called a “School of Thought” because it encompasses: otology,

epistemology and methodology

+ Assumptions

The human is: C-oexisting while co-constituting rhythmical patterns. Open, freely choosing meaning with situation, bearing

responsibility for decisions.

Becoming is: Human-living-health Rhythmically coconstituting humanuniversw Human’s value priority patterns Transcending with possibles Human’s emerging

+ Basic Concepts of the Human Becoming Theory

Meaning

Rhythmicity

Transcendence

“Nurses live the art of humanbecoming in true presence with the unfolding of illuminating meaning, synchronizing rhythms, and mobilizing transcendence.”

(Cody and Bournes, 2010)

+ Parse for Dummies!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9OcXfS4nNU&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=PL3A9EE8A6ABEB6B94

+ Meaning

“Structuring meaning is the imaging and valuing of languaging” (Cody and Bournes, 2010)

In English: People coparticipate in creating what is real for them through self-expression in living their values a chosen way.

+ Rhythmicity

Configuring rhythmical patterns of relating is the revealing-concealing and enabling-limiting of connecting-separating.

Translation: Living moment to moment one shows and does not show self as opportunities and limitations emerge in moving with and apart from others.

+ Transcendence

“Co-transcending with possibles is the powering and originating of transforming”

Translation: Moving beyond the “now” moment is forging a unique personal path for oneself in the midst of ambiguity and continuous change.

+ Principles

Structuring meaning is the imaging and valuing of languaging.

Configuring rhythmical patterns is the revealing-concealing and enabling-limiting of connecting-separating.

Contransceding with possibles is the powering and originating of transforming.

+ Four Postulates Illimitability

“Indivisible unbounded knowing extended to infinity, the all-at-once remembering and prospecting with the moment.” (Parse, 2007)

Paradox “an intricate rhythm expressed as a pattern preference” Paradoxes

are not “opposites to be reconciled or dilemmas to be overcome but, rather, lived rhythms” (Parse, 2007)

Freedom “contextually construed liberation” Humans are free and

continuously choose ways of being with their situations. (Parse, 2007)

Mystery “unexplainable, that which cannot be completely known” unutterable,

unknowable nature of the indivisible, unpredictable, ever-changing human universe. (Parse, 2007)

+ Paradoxes

Imaging: explicit-tacit; reflective-prereflective Valuing: Confirming-not confirming Revealing-Concealing: disclosing-not disclosing Connecting-Separating: attending-distancing Powering: pushing-resisting; affirming-not affirming; being-

nonbeing Originating: certainty-uncertainty; conforming- not

conforming Transforming: familiar-unfamiliar

Retrieved from :http://discoveryinternationalonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/2011HBontology.pdf

+ Nursing Paradigms and Parse’s Theory

Person Open being who is more than and different from the sum of the parts

Environment Everything in the person and his experiences Inseparable, complimentary to and evolving with

Health Open process of being and becoming, involves synthesis of values. Health is not static but, rather, is ever-changing as humans choose ways of

living.

Nursing A human science and art that uses an abstract boy of knowledge to serve

people.

+ A little more on Parse and Nursing

Nursing is both a profession and a discipline. The goal of a discipline is to expand knowledge about

human experiences through creative conceptualization and research.

The goal of a profession is to provide service to humankind through living art of science.

“Members of the nursing profession are responsible for regulating the standards of

practice and education based on disciplinary knowledge that reflects safe health service to

society in all settings” -Parse, 1999

+ Symbol of Humanbecoming Theory

Black and White Opposite paradox significant

to ontology of human becoming

Green Hope

Center Joined Co Created mutual human

universe process at the ontological level & nurse person process

Green and Black Swirls Intertwining Human-Universe co creation

as an ongoing process of becoming

+ Are you still Awake????

+Theory Overview:Parse Scholars Beliefs Quality of Life from patient’s perspective Diagnostic practice fails to respect humankind Standardized nursing interventions disregard human

dignity Understanding human experience= individual freedom Humans are change with the process of living Inherent freedom is to be honored by nurses

+Theory Overview:Real World Example Chronic Pain

Nurses should ask patient to describe pain in detail Physiological, psychological, situational factors

Nurses should be aware of patient’s life situation By listening to patients, pain can be improved Treatment plan can be developed Patients feel closer to nurses who listen

+ Theories use in Practice

+ Theories Use in Nursing

Differentiates Nursing from other disciplines. Not applicable in Acute or Emergent Care. Does not utilize nursing process

+ Theory used in Nursing Setting

+Parse and Research

Strengths: Provides Research Methodologies Enhances understanding of human lived experience, health,

quality of life and quality of nursing practice. Expands the theory of human becoming Builds new nursing knowledge about universal lived experiences

which may ultimately contribute to health and quality of life.

Weaknesses: “closed circle” Rarely quantifiable results Difficult to compare to other research studies Differentiates nursing from other disciplines & not applicable in

other disciplines

+Example of Research using Humanbecoming Theory

Humanbecoming 80/20 Model 80% of time in direct patient care practicing

humanbecoming 20% of time learning about humanbecoming

+ Used in Nursing Research

+Fawcett’s CriteriaSignificance Are the metaparadigm concepts & propositions

explicit? Yes

Are the philosophical claims explicit? Yes

Is the conceptual model from which derived from explicit? Yes, Martha Rogers

Are the authors of antecedent knowledge acknowledged? Yes, acknowledges Martha Rogers

+Fawcett’s CriteriaInternal Consistency & Parsimony Are the context and content of the theory congruent?

Yes

Do the concepts reflect semantic clarity & consistency? Yes

Is the theory content stated clearly & concisely? Yes

+Fawcett’s CriteriaTestability & Empirical Adequacy Is the research methodology identified & congruent

w/philosophical claims? Yes

Will data obtained from research sufficiently capture the essence of the theory? Yes

Are the findings from studies of descriptions of personal experiences congruent with theory concepts? Yes

Are theoretical assertions congruent with empirical evidence? Yes

+Fawcett’s CriteriaPragmatic Adequacy Are education & special training required before application of

theory in nursing practice? Yes- language of Humanbecoming

Has the theory been applied in the real world of nursing? Yes- 80/20 study mentioned earlier

Is it feasible to implement practice derived from theory? Yes

Can you measure the effectiveness of the theory? Yes- qualitative measurement

Can you compare outcomes of the theory when used vs. not used? Yes

+Fawcett’s Interview with Parse

http://www.virtualcurriculum.com/N3225/Fawcett_Parse.pdf

+ References

Cody, W., Bournes, D., Parse’s Humanbecoming School of Thought. May 2010. Retrieved electronically from: www.humanbecoming.org

Parse, R. R.,The Humanbecoming School of Thought in 2050. Nursing Science Quarterly, 2007, 20, pp 307-311. Retrieved from: http://www.discoveryinternationalonline.com/site/ontology.html

Nursing Theories; A Companion to nursing theories and models: Rosemarie Rizzo Parse. Updated October 27, 2011. Retrieved from: http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Rosemary_Pars_Human_Becoming_Theory.html

Parker, M E., Smith, M C., Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice 3rd Ed. Chapter 16: Rosemarie Rizzo Parse’s Humanbecoming School of Thought. Pp 277-287.2010 F. A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, PA.

Liehr, P. Looking at symptoms with a middle-range theory lens. Proceedings, Aug 2005, 3(5), 152-157. Retrieved from: http://www.jhasin.com/