roots of judaism ppt.ppt

7/27/2019 roots of Judaism Ppt.ppt

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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

Understand what made the ancient Israelitesbelief system distinct from others at the time.

Outline the main events in the early history

of the Israelites.

Analyze the moral and ethical ideas of Judaism.

Objectives


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

Terms and People

monotheisticbelieving in one god

Torahthe most sacred Jewish text; includes the

first five books of the Hebrew Bible

Abrahamaccording to the Torah, man

considered the father of the Israelite people

covenanta promise and agreement

Mosesaccording to the Torah, the Israelite

believed to have led the Israelites exodus from

Egypt


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

Terms and People (continued)

Davidthe second king of Israel, who united

the 12 tribes into a single nation

Solomonson of David, a king known for his

wisdom and judgment

patriarchalrelating to a society where men hold

the greatest legal and moral authority

Sabbatha holy day for rest and worship

propheta spiritual leader who interpretsGods will


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

Terms and People (continued)

ethicsmoral standards of behavior

Diasporathe spreading out to new regionsof the Jewish people that began with the

Babylonian captivity


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

How did the worship of only one godshape Judaism?

The present-day nation of Israel lies on the easterncoast of the Mediterranean Sea. About 4,000 yearsago, the ancient Israelites developed the religionof Judaism, which became a defining feature oftheir culture.

Today, Judaism is one of the worlds major faiths.


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

The ancient Israelites, or Hebrews,established the first monotheisticreligion.

They believed in one all-knowing, all-powerful Godwho was present everywhere.

In their view, each event in history representedpart of Gods plan for the people of Israel. All ofthese events and the laws were recorded in theTorah,the first five books of the Hebrew Bible.


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

The oldest surviving texts of the Hebrew Bible werefound in a set of caves in 1947.

The 2000 year-old Dead Sea

Scrolls wereprinted onpapyrus and hadbeen stored inclay jars.

The caves of Qumran, where the scrolls were found.


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

The Bible says that Mosesrenewed the Israelitescovenant with God.

According to the Book ofExodus, Moses told the Jewsthat God was rewarding theirfaithful obedience. He ledthem out of Egypt, and for

40 years they roamed thedeserts of Canaan.

Famine hadforced them toleave Canaan andlive in Egypt,

where they wereenslaved.


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

About 1000 B.C. King David united 12 feudingJewish tribes and established Israel.

Solomon completed a temple dedicated to God thatwas begun by David.

He became famous for his wisdom and understanding.

He negotiated with powerful empires in Egypt andMesopotamia.

His son, King Solomon, sought to build Jerusaleminto an impressive capital.


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

Israel declined after Solomons death in 922 B.C.

Southern Israel split off and became Judah.

722 B.C.the Assyrians captured Israel.589 B.C.Babylon captured Judah.

King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon forced many intoexile and destroyed the temple during the time calledthe Babylonian Captivity.

539 B.C.Persia freed the Israelites.


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

Judaism focused on law and morality.

Israelite society was patriarchal.The oldest malewas the head of the household. He arranged

marriages for his daughters.

The Torah is

sometimescalled the Booksof the Law.

It deals with matters

from cleanliness tocrime, and establishesmoral principles.


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

Judaism taught an ethical world view.

The first fouroutlined religious

duties to God, such asreserving a holy day

for rest and worship.

Morality was guided by the Ten Commandments.

The rest outlinedbehavior toward others.

They include Honor yourfather and mother and

You shall not kill.


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

Unlike other ancient societies, the Jews saw their leadersas human and equally bound by all of Gods laws.

These prophetstaught a strong code of moral ethicsor personal standards of behavior.

They urged civil justice, teaching that all people wereequal before God.

The rich and powerful were called upon to protect theweak.

Spiritual leaders such as Isaiah and Jeremiahperiodically emerged.


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

For 500 years, beginning with the BabylonianCaptivity, Jews were spread throughout theempires that controlled their land.

During this Diaspora,many remained in small

communities living by their laws and traditions.

Many faced persecution, but survived andmaintained their faith.

Judaisms unique contributions to religious thoughtheavily influenced the rise of two later monotheisticreligions, Islam and Christianity.


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Section 5

Roots of Judaism

Section Review

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roots of judaism ppt.ppt

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