rome & the republic ms. ramos. roman state distrusted kings 2 groups: patrician & plebians...
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Rome & the Republic
Ms. Ramos
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Roman State• Distrusted kings• 2 groups: patrician &
plebians• Republic–Consuls & praetor
• Senate–300 patricians: life, advisory
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• Most imp: Centuriate Assembly: elect consuls & praetors• Plebians want equality– council of plebs: Tribunes
• By 287 B.C. all males “equal”• One of most imp
contributions: system of law–Twelve Tables Ms. Ramos
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Ms. Ramos
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Twelve Tables• Written• Applied
to all
http://www.csun.edu/~hcfll004/12tables.html
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• If you are called to go to court, you must go. If you don’t show up, you can be taken to court by force.
• If you need a witness to testify and he will not show up, you can go once every three days and shout in front of his house.
• Should a tree on a neighbor's farm be bend crooked by the wind and lean over your farm, you may take legal action for removal of that tree.
• If it's your tree, it’s your fruit, even if it falls on another man’s land.
• A person who had been found guilty of giving false witness shall be hurled down from the Tarpeian Rock.
• No person shall hold meetings by night in the city.
• A dead man shall not be buried or burned within the city.
• Marriages should not take place between patricians and plebians Ms. Ramos
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What American document promotes many of the same legal principles found in Roman
law?•US Bill of Rights
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Punic
Wars
http://wps.ablongman.com/long_kishlansky_cw_5/0,6472,268318-,00.html Ms. Ramos
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Julius Cesar• Expands empire to Gaul• Forces Senate to make
him dictator• Reforms–Public works–Land to poor
• 44 B.C. stabbedhttp://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/262/268312/art/figures/KISH_05_104.gif
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Pax Romana 14 A.D.- 180 A.D.
• Era of Augustus/ Octavius• Trade grows• Develop admin procedures• Language, law, architecture,
engineering spreads throughout west• Birth & expansion of Christianity-
official religion
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http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/262/268312/art/figures/KISH_05_111.gif
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Ms. Ramos
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Rise & Spread of Christianity
http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/262/268312/art/figures/KISH_06_134.gif
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• R views C as dangerous• Persecution–Nero blames C for fire in R• Forces C to be more organized
http://spad1.wordpress.com/2010/01/08/rome-burns-ad-64/
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Attraction of Christianity
1. More personal & offers external life and salvation
2.Gave sense of belonging to community
3.Appeal to every class: ALL could gain salvation
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• Constantine–1st C emperor–Edict of Milan: toleration of C
• Theodosius the Great–Adopts C as official religion
http://www.weblo.com/product_gallery/Life_of_Constantine_the_Great_37897/
http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/theodosius/a/TheodosiusI.htm
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• R & C shared values:–Virtue & devotion to one’s community and state•BUT re: C relationship w/God put above state…led to R persecution of C
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Middle Ages
• Catholicism state religion of most Europe
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Karl_1_mit_papst_gelasius_gregor1_sacramentar_v_karl_d_kahlen.jpg Ms. Ramos
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• C emphasis on individual conscience and emphasis on state comes into conflict• Jesus taught toleration• C hope of converting
all to C led to use of force Crusades & view those not C were a threat
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusades
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusades
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What led to an increase in
Christianity?• Adoption & support of the
people for C, Edict of Milan, and government support
Ms. Ramos