Romanian Christmas Tradition

Durac Alexandra Clasa a-VI-a B

About Christmas• CHRISTMAS IS AN ANNUAL COMMEMORATION OF THE BIRTH OF JESUS CHRIST AND A WIDELY OBSERVED HOLIDAY, CELEBRATED

GENERALLY ON DECEMBER 25 ,BY BILLIONS OF PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD.]A FEAST CENTRAL TO THE CHRISTIAN LITURGICAL YEAR, IT CLOSES THE ADVENT SEASON AND INITIATES THE TWELVE DAYS OF CHRISTMASTIDE, WHICH ENDS AFTER THE TWELFTH NIGHT. CHRISTMAS IS A CIVIL HOLIDAY IN MANY OF THE WORLD'S NATIONS,IS CELEBRATED BY AN INCREASING NUMBER OF NON-CHRISTIANS, AND IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE CHRISTMAS AND HOLIDAY SEASON.

• WHILE THE BIRTH YEAR OF JESUS IS ESTIMATED AMONG MODERN HISTORIANS TO HAVE BEEN BETWEEN 7 AND 2 BC, THE EXACT MONTH AND DAY OF HIS BIRTH ARE UNKNOWN.[15][16] HIS BIRTH IS MENTIONED IN TWO OF THE FOUR CANONICAL GOSPELS. BY THE EARLY-TO-MID 4TH CENTURY, THE WESTERN CHRISTIAN CHURCH HAD PLACED CHRISTMAS ON DECEMBER 25,[17] A DATE LATER ADOPTED IN THE EAST.[18][19] THE DATE OF CHRISTMAS MAY HAVE INITIALLY BEEN CHOSEN TO CORRESPOND WITH THE DAY EXACTLY NINE MONTHS AFTER EARLY CHRISTIANS BELIEVED JESUS TO HAVE BEEN CONCEIVED,[20] OR WITH ONE OR MORE ANCIENT POLYTHEISTIC FESTIVALS THAT OCCURRED NEAR SOUTHERN SOLSTICE (I.E., THE ROMAN WINTER SOLSTICE); A FURTHER SOLAR CONNECTION HAS BEEN SUGGESTED BECAUSE OF A BIBLICAL VERSE IDENTIFYING JESUS AS THE "SUN OF RIGHTEOUSNESS".[THE ORIGINAL DATE OF THE CELEBRATION IN EASTERN CHRISTIANITY WAS JANUARY 6, IN CONNECTION WITH EPIPHANY, AND THAT IS STILL THE DATE OF THE CELEBRATION FOR THE ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH AND IN ARMENIA, WHERE IT IS A PUBLIC HOLIDAY. AS OF 2013, THERE IS A DIFFERENCE OF 13 DAYS BETWEEN THE MODERN GREGORIAN CALENDAR AND THE OLDER JULIAN CALENDAR. THOSE WHO CONTINUE TO USE THE JULIAN CALENDAR OR ITS EQUIVALENTS THUS CELEBRATE DECEMBER 25 AND JANUARY 6, WHICH ON THE GREGORIAN CALENDAR TRANSLATE AS JANUARY 7 AND JANUARY 19. FOR THIS REASON, EGYPT, ETHIOPIA, ERITERIA, RUSSIA, GEORGIA, UKRAINE, SERBIA, THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA, AND THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA CELEBRATE CHRISTMAS ON WHAT IN THE GREGORIAN CALENDAR IS JANUARY 7. EASTERN ORTHODOX CHURCHES IN BULGARIA, GREECE, ROMANIA, ANTIOCH, ALEXANDRIA, ALBANIA, FINLAND, AND THE ORTHODOX CHURCH IN AMERICA CELEBRATE CHRISTMAS ON DECEMBER 25 IN THE REVISED JULIAN CALENDAR, CORRESPONDING TO DECEMBER 25 ALSO IN THE GREGORIAN CALENDAR.

About Food• The popular food in romania is forcemeat rolls in cabbage leaves and samp with cream.• The soup is very nice before it is smoked meat with potatoes called potato soup (in

romanian).• The dessert is cake with walnuts and homemade cakes.Traditional cakes are those of apple

and cinnamon or nuts that give it a wonderful smell.• A traditional recipe of cake: preparation for Easter eggs Easter recipes if you want to inrosim

Easter eggs, his own legem only ouacare are very fresh. In order to maintain their demosntrarii, they will lay eggs in uncratita palsa. in the selection of those Easter eggs selecetarii only staying at the bottom of the Pan (smenca are fresh). It is imperative in this respect to rinse with lukewarm apica Easter eggs, then with a napkin we flick with a little alcohol and water plumbing we disinfect. Take a saucepan full of water is a little kitchen.

• Successful at cooking!

About The Pig Sascrifice• A Few Days Before The Beginning Of The Holidays The Pig Sacrifice

Takes Place. This Is Done On December 20th, The Day Of St. Ignatius. This Tradition Is Kept Particularly In The Countryside, Where Everything Takes Place According To A Closely Followed Ritual. The Origins Of This Custom Date Back To Immemorial Times. It Was Accepted And Absorbed By The Christian Religion As A Natural Part Of The Local Community Life. Christianity Also Bestowed Upon It A Religious Significance, As Nobody Can Taste The Food Prepared On This Day Until After The Priest Has Given His Blessing.

About carols• A christmas carol is a carol whose lyrics are on the theme of christmas or the winter season in general, and which

is traditionally sung in the period immediately surrounding the holiday. Christmas carols may be regarded as a subset of the broader category of christmas music.

• The first specifically christmas hymns for christians that we know of appear in fourth century rome. Latin hymns such as veni redemptor gentium, written by ambrose, archbishop of milan, were austere statements of the theological doctrine of the incarnation in opposition to arianism. Corde natus ex parentis (of the father's love begotten) by the spanish poet prudentius (d. 413) is still sung in some churches today.

• In the ninth and tenth centuries, the christmas "sequence" or "prose" was introduced in north european monasteries, developing under bernard of clairvaux into a sequence of rhymed stanzas. In the twelfth century the parisian monk adam of st. Victor began to derive music from popular songs, introducing something closer to the traditional christmas carol.

• In the thirteenth century, in france, germany, and particularly, italy, under the influence of francis of assisi a strong tradition of popular christmas songs in the native language developed. Christmas carols in english first appear in a 1426 work of john awdlay, a shropshire chaplain, who lists twenty five "caroles of cristemas", probably sung by groups of 'wassailers', who went from house to house. The songs we know specifically as carols were originally communal songs sung during celebrations like harvest tide as well as christmas. It was only later that carols begun to be sung in church, and to be specifically associated with christmas.

About Christmas Tree• A CHRISTMAS TREE IS A DECORATED TREE, USUALLY AN EVERGREEN CONIFER SUCH AS SPRUCE, PINE OR

FIR, TRADITIONALLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE CELEBRATION OF CHRISTMAS. AN ARTIFICIAL CHRISTMAS TREE IS AN OBJECT MADE TO RESEMBLE SUCH A TREE, USUALLY MADE FROM POLYVINYL CHLORIDE.

• THE TREE WAS TRADITIONALLY DECORATED WITH EDIBLES SUCH AS APPLES, NUTS OR OTHER FOODS. IN THE 18TH CENTURY, IT BEGAN TO BE ILLUMINATED BY CANDLES, WHICH WITH ELECTRIFICATION COULD ALSO BE REPLACED BY CHRISTMAS LIGHTS. TODAY, THERE ARE A WIDE VARIETY OF TRADITIONAL ORNAMENTS, SUCH AS GARLAND, TINSEL, AND CANDY CANES. AN ANGEL OR STAR MAY BE PLACED AT THE TOP OF THE TREE TO REPRESENT THE ANGEL GABRIEL OR THE STAR OF BETHLEHEM FROM THE NATIVITY.

• THE CUSTOM OF THE CHRISTMAS TREE DEVELOPED IN EARLY MODERN GERMANY WITH PREDECESSORS THAT CAN BE TRACED TO THE 16TH AND POSSIBLY THE 15TH CENTURY, IN WHICH "DEVOUT CHRISTIANS BROUGHT DECORATED TREES INTO THEIR HOMES". CHRISTMAS TREES ARE HUNG IN ST. GEORGE'S CHURCH, SÉLESTAT SINCE 1521.IT ACQUIRED POPULARITY BEYOND GERMANY DURING THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY.] THE CHRISTMAS TREE HAS ALSO BEEN KNOWN AS THE "YULE-TREE", ESPECIALLY IN DISCUSSIONS OF ITS FOLKLORISTIC ORIGINS.

About Santa Claus• Santa Claus, Also Known As Saint Nicholas, Father Christmas, Kris Kringle And Simply "Santa",

Is A Mythical Figure With Legendary, Historical And Folkloric Origins Who, In Many Western Cultures, Is Said To Bring Gifts To The Homes Of The Good Children On December 24, The Night Before Christmas. However, In Some European Countries Children Receive Their Presents On St. Nicholas' Day, December 6. The Modern Figure Of Santa Claus Is Derived From The Dutch Figure Of Sinterklaas, Which, In Turn, Has Part Of Its Basis In Hagiographical Tales Concerning The Historical Figure Of Christian Bishop And Gift-giver Saint Nicholas. During The Christianization Of Germanic Europe, This Figure May Have Absorbed Elements Of The God Odin, Who Was Associated With The Germanic Pagan Midwinter Event Of Yule And Led The Wild Hunt, A Ghostly Procession Through The Sky. Over Time, Traits Of This Character And The British Folklore Character Father Christmas Merged To Form The Modern Santa Claus Known Today.

The End and

Merry Christmas!