Romanesque 2

Chapter 15

Title: Virgin and Child Medium: Oak with polychromySize: height 31" (78.7 cm)Date: Late 12th century

Painted wood- oak

Mother and Full grown “Baby” Jesus sit erect and rigid

Regal

Jesus held book- Word of god

Sits on bench symbolizing the thorn of Solomon

These statues became very common

Mary represents the language and Jesus the Word incarnate

Title: Crucifix (Majestat Batlló) Medium: Polychromed woodSize: height approx. 37 ¾" (96 cm)Date: Mid-12th century

Wooden crosses became popular…Why?

Unlike byzantine, Christ he still wears the robe of royalty

His faces displays emotion and sorrow, with deep set eyes and downward gaze

Islamic type plant stylizations adorn his robe

No thorn crown

Most of these crosses were displayed over church altars and were carried in processions

Title: Church of Saint-Savin-Sur-Gartempe, Poitou Date: Choir c.1060–75; nave c. 1095–1115

Tunnel-like barrel vault was perfect for fresco painting

New Testament and scenes from local saints were painted

Inspired by manuscripts

Several teams of artist took several years to complete

Have a soft powdery tone in stead of bright bold colorings

Architectural elements?

Title: Tower of Babel, detail of painting in nave vault Date: c. 1115Source/ Museum: Abbey Church of Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe, Poitou, France

Biblical story of the tower of BabelGod turns away from the people trying to build a tower to heavenHe scatters them to wind and messes with their language

Workers haul heaven stones to the tower and the people plead with him

Title: Christ in Majesty, detail of apse Date: c. 1123Fills the curve of the apse half dome

Halo and mandorla

Strong outlines and bold colors

Christ is the ruler and judge of the world

Alpha and omega symbols

Angels grasping evangelist symbols

Vigin mary is holding a bowl

Flanking lower registers are columns with stylized capitals

People are very symmetrical and straight forward. Geometrically simple forms

Details and of faces, hair, and muscles are turned into patterns

Title: Page with The Tree of Jesse, Explanatio In Isaiam (Saint Jerome’s Commentary on Isaiah) Medium: Ink and tempera on vellumSize: 15 X 4¾" (38 X 12 cm)Date: c. 1125

Monastic and convent scriptoriums still present

This is from a Cistercian- very simple and modest, few embellishments, also devoted to the Virgin Mary

Jesse sleeps under a treeThe virgin stands on a forked branch holding the mini “man” Jesus who is adorned with a cruciform halso

Angel bring a crown for Mary the queen of heaven and a building Mary as the Christian Church

She hold a branch a Christ symbol

A dove symbolizes….

Title: Nave, Durham Cathedral Medium: n/aSize: Vault height about 73' (22.2 m )Date: 1087–1133. Original east end replaced by a Gothic choir, 1242–c. 1280

Columns have chevron, spiral fluting a diamond patterns

Arcade with compound piers/columns

Gallery space above

Groin vaulted ceilings , decorations adorned the ribs of the groin vaulting

All ornamentation was originally painted

Title: Nave, Church of Saint-Étienne, Caen Date: c. 1060–77; vaulted c. 1130

Double arcade, both aisle and gallery

St. Etienne is a good example of the Norman style of Romanesque architecture. The style developed during the rule of William the Conqueror, he's buried here at St. Etienne.

Buttresses divide the facade into three bays - tripartite- there are also 3 horizontal divisionsThe spires were added during the Gothic period.St. Etienne is seen as a precurssor of the Gothic style of church architecture that emerges in 1140 with the re-building of St. Denis in Paris.

•Ribbed groin vaults replace barrel vaults •These vaults at St. Etienne are some of the earliest ribbed vaults. •They are supported by large complex piers covered with pilasters and engaged columns•there are 6 elements to each rib vault