BY:HINAKHALID

ChildChild

FamilyFamily

ECE ECE Program Program StaffStaff

ECEECEProgramProgramEnvironmentEnvironment

ECE ECE ProgramProgramPoliciesPolicies

CommunityCommunity

SocietySociety

legislation

Department of Education

Health and Human Services

workplace supports, benefits

and leave

unemployment rate

media

urban planning

economy

food and beverage industry

federal and state budgets

health department

child care licensing

healthcare providers

mental health services

CCR&RQRIS

religious institutions

WIC

CACFP

community gardensparks

schools and colleges

grocery stores

pre-service and

professional development opportunities

culture

central kitchens

food service vendors

The Social Ecological Model

1, 2

Born in Russia Immigrated to the US at age 6 Enlisted in the US army

immediately after completing his PhD

Co-founder of the Head Start programDesigned to serve at-risk nursery

students to prepare them for school

Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos

• Development is the result of the relationships between people and their environments– Cannot evaluate a child’s development only in the

immediate environment– Must also examine the interactions among the larger

environments that a child develops in• Key Question: How does the world around the

child help or hinder development?• Four layers of relationships that influence a

child’s development– Micro system: Relationships with direct contact to the

child– Mesosystem: Connection between relationships of

child’s micro system– Exosystem: Structures in which child the child does

not have direct contact– Macro system: Cultural context

• Most of the child’s behavior is learned in the micro system.

• The micro system consists of bi-directional influences– Parents actively shape the development of the

child– Children actively shape their environment

• Personal attributes influence responses from other people

• Children actively select and avoid specific environments Bi-directional relationships are the foundation for

a child’s cognitive and emotional growth

Impacts a child’s development by influencing structures in the micro system

Exosystem: Institutions of society that indirectly affect a child’s developmentExamples

Parent’s workplace Funding for education

• Macro system: Cultural context– Provides the values, beliefs, customs, and

laws of the culture in which a child grows up• Influences how parents, teachers, and

others raise a child• May be conscious or unconscious

– Influences the societal values, legislation, and financial resources provided by a society to help families function

– Influences the interactions of all other layers

• Properties of the four layers of relationships– Each layer of the environment is complex – Each layer has an effect on a child’s

development– Conflict within any layer ripples

throughout other layers• As a child develops, interaction

within environments becomes more complex– Complexity is the result of the

maturation of a child’s physical and cognitive structures

THANK YOU