role of collective management & rros in sustaining the publishing industry olav stokkmo, ceo of...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry
Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO
Moscow Book Fair 2013
6 September 2013 Moscow
![Page 2: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Provider of reliable information on copyright-led solutions in the text and image based sector
IFRROInternational Federation of Reproduction Rights Organisations
![Page 3: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The global network140 members in 78 countries
IFRRO Key Activities
• Communications / Information
• Business Approaches
• Regional Development
Cooperates with• WIPO• UNESCO
• EU• OAPI, ARIPO,
LAS APEC, CERLALC
• CISAC, SAA, etc.• IFLA, EBLIDA
![Page 4: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
ABDR | Access Copyright | AGECOP | AIDRO| AMCOS | AUTOR | B-COPY| BBDA | BECLA Bonus Presskopia CADRA | CCC| CDR | CEDRO| CeMPro| CFC| CLA| CLASS| CLNZ| CMA| COPIBEC| Copydan Writing| CopyGhana | Copyright Agency | CopyRo – Romania | CopyRus| COSOMA| CWWCS| DALRO| DHK/CWA| DILIA ECCLA| EDISAM| FILCOLS| Fjölís| FJÖLRIT| GCA| HARR| HKRRRLS| ICLA| IPRO| IRRO| JAC| JAMCOPY| JRRC| Kopiken| Kopinor| KOPIOSTO| KOPIPOL| KOPITAN| KORRA| LATGA-A| LIBRIUS| LITA| Literar-Mechana | Luxorr| MASA| NLA| NLI| NSRR| OSDEL|
POLSKA KSIAZKA| ProLitteris| REPROBEL| REPRONIG| SADEL| Sámikopiija | TTRRO| VG Bild-Kunst | VG MUSIKEDITION | VG WORT | VIETRRO| YAYBİR| YRCI| ZANA| ZARRSO| ZIMCOPY
86 RROs in 77 countriesAround the world – on all continents
![Page 5: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
IFRRO. RRO-members, total members and collected fees
RROs and total members 27.8.2013; Collected fees 1989-2012
020406080
100120140160
1989 1994 2000 2008 2012/13
Mem
ber
s
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Co
llect
ed f
ees
in U
SD
RROs Total members Collected fees
![Page 6: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Creative Industries fuel the Digital Economy
Copyright is fundamental to Cultural Diversity and Economic Growth
![Page 7: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Copyright and creative sectorsFuel the digital economy
• Knowledge economy
• National IP industry
• Flourishing environment
• Unique cultural material
• Educational material
• World place
![Page 8: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Cultural valueo National identityo Fiction, non fiction (science, technology, education),
poetry, drawings, photographs... And more!
• Economic valueo Incentive to create and publisho Textbooks often engine of national publishing industry
Valuing copyright allows investmentin creativity, knowledge and culture
![Page 9: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
WIPO studies: Creative industries important to economy
Contribution to GDP %
Contribution to employment %
Contribution to GDP %
Contribution to employment %
Australia 10.30 8.00 Mexico 4.77 11.01Bulgaria 2.81 4.30 Netherlands 5.90 8.80Canada 4.70 5.40 Philippines 4.82 11.10Colombia 3.30 5.80 Romania 5.55 4.19Croatia 4.27 4.64 Russia 6.06 7.30Hungary 6.66 7.10 Singapore 5.67 5.80Jamaica 4.81 3.03 Ukraine 2.85 1.90Latvia 5.05 5.59 USA 11.09 8.53Lebanon 4.75 4.49
http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/ip-development/en/creative_industry/pdf/eco_table.pdfhttp://www.wipo.int/ip-development/en/creative_industry/economic_contribution.html
![Page 10: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Creative sectors fundamental to Wealth, knowledge & Digital Society
http://www.wipo.int/ip-development/en/creative_industry/pdf/economic_contribution_analysis_2012.pdf,
Positive relation between investment inCopyright and GDP per capita
Positive relation between investment inCopyright and Competitiveness
Positive relation between investment inCopyright and Innovation
![Page 11: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
44%
10%12%
9%
6%
3%6%
1%9%
press and literature
software
radio and tv
Music, theatrical productions and opera
motion pidcture and video
visual and graphic arts
Photography
cr collecting societies
advertising
Core copyright industriesMain contributor to GDP: press & literature
![Page 12: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Income from secondary usesFundamental to the author & development
Studies in the UK(PwC and ALCS)
Authors• 10% decline in RRO income for creators would result
in 20% less output;
• 20% decline would mean a drop of 29% in output or the equivalent of 2,870 works per year.
PublishersSecondary copyright payments play an important role in
incentivising investment in new products
Provision of easy legal access to copyright works
Protects both content creators and consumers
![Page 13: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Seamless Access to © works – Addressing primary and secondary markets
Provision of easy, legal access to © works protects users and R/Hs
![Page 14: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ACCESSFINDING
RETRIEVING
USING
SHARING
WorksWorks RightsholdersRightsholders
PaidPaidFreely availableFreely available
Personal usePersonal use
Classroom useClassroom use
Research/CollaborationResearch/Collaboration
RepublicationRepublication
New WorkNew Work
TranslationTranslation
Print-disabled versionPrint-disabled version
PhotocopyingPhotocopying
InternalInternal ExternalExternal
E-mailingE-mailing
InternalInternal ExternalExternal
PostingPosting
IntranetIntranet InternetInternet
StoringStoring
Text & Data MiningText & Data Mining
![Page 15: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The educational publishing ecosystem
15
Valuing copyright allows investmentin creativity, knowledge and culture
exceptions are important; unremunerated exceptions should be limited to instances where primary and secondary markets cannot fulfil a market need efficiently
![Page 16: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
RRO Collective Administration Contributes to seamless access to © works
• Individual licensing when one to many
• Collective management when many to many; when individual licensing is
– Impossible
• Typically Orphan works
– Impracticable or Insufficient
• Typically Multiple copying & Out-of-Print works
RROs complements individual administration
![Page 17: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
RROs act as intermediaries betweenrightholder and users
RROs
Make Copyright Work
for Everybody
![Page 18: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Operate on the basis of mandates from; governed jointly by• Authors and Publishers
Writers including translators; Visual artists; Composers
Publishers (Book, journal, newspaper, magazine, music)
• Legislation
Key facets of RRO activities Awareness raising Copyright enforcement Licence, collect and distribute revenues
RROs Make Copyright Work!
RROs -Reproduction Rights OrganisationsCollective Rights Managers in text & image sector
![Page 19: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Content of RRO repertoire licence
• Limited extracts• 5-15%; chapter; article
• Personal and Internal use
• Permitted uses• Photocopying and scanning
• Download, store, print, internal dissemination, external dissemination
• Authorised users
• Terms
• Fees
• Usage reporting requirements
• Compliance awareness
![Page 20: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Digital sources and applications
• Sources
• Applications and uses
o Scan o PPTo Printout o Whiteboardo Intranet oView
o Virtual Learning Environmento Document delivery
o Store o Redirect to contento Email o RRO content database
o Analogue o Onlineo Electronic carrier o Internet download
![Page 21: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
RROsAreas licensed by RROs
• Education at all levels– Schools; Universities; Further education; Distance Education
• Public Administration– Government; Regional; Local
• Trade and Industry
• Religious bodies
• Public and Research libraries
• Cultural institutions
• Copy shops
• Press Cutting Agencies
![Page 22: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Income from secondary uses is indispensible to creation and investment in new works
Supporting collective management is
supporting economy, knowledge, culture
![Page 23: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Kopinor (Norway) – extended collective licence
• 22 member associations, 5 publisher, 17 author• Council of Representatives• Executive Board and Board of Distribution• Mandates via member bodies• ECLs approved by Ministry of Culture• Rightholder set splits• Individual distribution via r/h bodies• Revenue collection 2012: € 37 million
![Page 24: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
REPROGRAPHIC REPRODUCTION RIGHTS MANAGEMENT• Compulsory collective management system: CFC represents all rights holders by effect of the law
• CFC licence Education, businesses and government
• CFC collected 45M€ in 2012
• Royalties allocated to works reproduced according to reports from users and distributed to rights holders
DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT IN THE EDUCATION SECTOR• Legal exception introduced in French law in 2006
• CFC negotiated an agreement with Ministry of education, who pays a lump sum (1.45M€ per year) to remunerate the uses
• CFC receive mandates from publishers to distribute the royalties
• Publisher’s mandates allow CFC
• to authorize digital reproduction of works, which are excluded from the legal exception, as for example school books
• To authorize educational establishments, which are not covered by the agreement with the Ministry of Education
DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT IN THE BUSINESS SECTOR• Voluntary collective management: CFC receives mandate from publishers
• CFC represents only the publications from the publishers, who gave a mandate
• CFC licenses digital internal uses for professional purposes
• CFC collected 10 M€ in 2010, with a 30% growth in revenues
24
![Page 25: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
ProLitteris (Switzerland) – legal licence
• Cooperative society: 8,000-plus creators, 600-plus publishers
• General Assembly• Board of 12: 7 creators, 5 publishers• Federal Intellectual Property Office• Remuneration mandate includes digital• Mandate may include voluntary licensing• Title-specific distribution to individuals• Revenue collection 2011: € 14 million
![Page 26: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Levy – text and image based works – Examples Germany and Hungary
GermanyLaw authorises reproduction
Single copies for Private useCopies of single works for Own scientific or archival use; Copies of out-of-print worksCopies of small parts of works other than text books for teaching
Copies may be in analogue or digital formats
Equipment and Operator levy collected in 2012: € 73.5 million
HungaryIndividual allowed to copy for private purposesMay copy for others: Educational and cultural institutions; retail,
copy shops and others charging for copiesEquipment and Operator levy collected in 2012: € 1 million
![Page 27: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
RRO rights administrationNew areas
• Digital Libraries– Orphan Works
– Works out of Commerce• Model Licences – Secure and Open Networks• Rights Clearance• Databases
• People with print disabilities• Trusted Intermediaries (TI) pilot project
• WIPO Stakeholder Platform - TIGAR
• EC Stakeholder Dialogue – MoU - ETIN
![Page 28: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
FRANCE• Out-of-Commerce Books published in France < 2001• Compulsory Collective Management by RRO
– Right of withdrawal
GERMANY• Out-of-Commerce Books published in Germany < 1966• Licensing by RROs (VG Wort and VG Bildkunst)
– Legal Presumption– Right of withdrawal
Library Digitising project Examples
28
![Page 29: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Helps create wealth, employment and economic growth
Strengthening copyright &
collective management
![Page 30: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Copyright A Fundamental Human Right!
• Fundamental problem: Web being free obscures the fact that people created all this data
• Much of the danger to middle-class professionals stems from Internet’s hostility to ownership of knowledge
• Restore the value of data( Jaron Lanier: Who owns the future)
Jaron Lanier virtual reality
A world that values knowledge values its creators!
![Page 31: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Economic growth
Cannot be created by giving all away for free
Al Gore
We are nearing a threshold beyond which so many jobs are lost that the level of consumer demand falls below the level necessary to sustain healthy economic growth
(Al Gore in The Future)
The Copyright Sectors Fuel the Digital Society!
![Page 32: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
RRO rights administration Sustaining local creative industries
![Page 33: Role of Collective Management & RROs in sustaining the publishing industry Olav Stokkmo, CEO of IFRRO Moscow Book Fair 2013 6 September 2013Moscow](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062308/56649e2a5503460f94b18124/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Collective ManagementSeamless access to copyright works
Safe
Simple
Fast
Innovative
Convenient
Cost effective