rocks that form from an accumulation of sediments derived from preexisting rocks and/or organic...
TRANSCRIPT
ROCKS THAT FORM FROM AN ACCUMULATION OF SEDIMENTS
DERIVED FROM PREEXISTING ROCKS AND/OR ORGANIC MATERIALS
Sediments that harden into rocks.
Here's a recipe for sedimentary rock:
You take a layer of sand and put another hundred layers on top,
Then let it sit for years and years,Let the pressure build -
You know, it may sound weird,But that's how you make
sedimentary rock!
THREE KINDS OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
What does a rock want to be when it grows up?
A rock star!
FORM FROM SOLID FRAGMENTS (SEDIMENTS) OF OTHER ROCKS. EXAMPLES: SHALE, SANDSTONE, CONGLOMERATE
SEDIMENTS COME FROM THE WEATHERING OF EXISTING ROCKS.
-> -> -> -> -> smallest
BOULDERS, PEBBLES, SAND, SILT, CLAY
FRAGMENTS ARE MOVED MOSTLY BY RUNNING WATER.
WINDS, WAVES, AND GLACIERS ALSO MOVE PARTICLES.
THE FARTHER A PARTICLE TRAVELS THE ROUNDER IT BECOMES
ROCK FRAGMENTS SEPARATE THROUGH HORIZONTAL AND
VERTICAL SORTING
What do you do to a baby rock?
Rock it!
IS THE COMPACTION AND CEMENTATION OF ROCK FRAGMENTS THAT FORM
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS.
- THE LARGER THE SEDIMENTS IN THE ROCK THE MORE PERMEABLE (ABILITY TO LET
WATER PASS THROUGH) THE ROCK.
In coarse sediments (gravel and sand) sediments do not stick together unless cemented. Dissolved minerals settle into
spaces between grains and bind them together.
CONGLOMERATE IS A MIXTURE OF LARGE ROUNDED PEBBLES CEMENTED TOGETHER BY SMALLER SEDIMENTS
(BRECCIA HAS ANGULAR FRAGMENTS)
SANDSTONES ARE MADE LARGELY OF QUARTZ GRAINS. (PERMEABLE)
SHALE FORMS FROM THE COMPACTION OF TINY FLAKES OF CLAY. (IMPERMEABLE)
Where is a rocks favorite golf course?
Pebble Beach!
THE MAIN CAUSE FOR DISSOLVED MINERALS TO PRECIPITATE, OR DROP OUT OF THE WATER, IS EVAPORATION. (SHALLOW SEA ENVIRONMENT)
FORM FROM THE PRECIPITATION OF MINERALS OUT OF SOLUTION
THIS RESULTS IN A CRYSTALLINE MASS OF INTERGROWN MINERAL CRYSTALS
LIMESTONE - COMPOSED PRIMARILY OF CALCITE; FIZZES WITH HCL
DOLOSTONE – FIZZES IN HCl WHEN POWEDERED
ROCK SALT - SAME PROPERTIES OF HALITE
ROCK GYPSUM - SAME PROPERTIES OF GYPSUM
What’s a rocks favorite cereal?
Cocoa Pebbles!
Organic (Bioclastic) Sedimentary Rocks
Form from the remains of living things or rocks containing fossils
Limestones - calcite and shells
Coal (sooty)- burial of decayed plants; swamps
Fossiliferous shale – Shale containing fossils
Sedimentary Features
Stratification – is the arrangement if different visible layers of rock.
Fossils - are the remains, impressions, or any other evidence of plants and animals preserved in rock.
When the type of sediments found in an area change, a new type of sedimentary rock forms Ex. Grand Canyon
What’s a rocks favorite type of music?
Rock n’ Roll!
Ripple marks - are formed by the action of winds, streams, waves, and currents on sand, and form on the surface of bedding planes.
Mud cracks - develop when deposits of wet clay dry up and contract.
Geodes - are hollow spheres in which groundwater has deposited minerals (quartz or calcite crystals)