Rocks & Minerals

Sand Sort Activity:

The Rock says: you’d better learn your rocks & minerals

sucka’

VocabularyMineralCrystalElementSilicatesCarbonatesStreakLusterCleavageFractureHardness

Mohs Fluorescence Rock cycle Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic Intrusive Extrusive Texture Composition Foliation Recrystalizatio

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Minerals & RocksMinerals: (chapter 2) • Minerals are all around us• A minerals is identified by its properties• Minerals are valuable resources

Minerals & Rocks

Rocks: (chapter 3)• The rock cycle shows how rocks

change• Igneous rocks form from molten rock• Sedimentary rocks form from earlier

rocks• Metamorphic rocks form as existing

rocks change

Minerals are everywhere!!!• 4000+ identified minerals in Earth’s crust

• Minerals = building blocks of rock

http://www.teachersdomain.org/resource/ess05.sci.ess.earthsys.mineralenv/

The Rock says: learn about minerals

and get a date for Valentines!

1. The Rock’s Guide to Improving Your Social Life with Minerals!!!

Instructions: Apply to underarms daily

Mineral: Aluminum

2. The Rock’s Guide to Improving Your Social Life with Minerals!!

Instructions: Brush teeth often

Minerals: fluorite, calcite, barite

3. The Rock’s Guide to Improving Your Social Life with Minerals!!

Instructions: shampoo hair regularly

Minerals: coal tar, lithium clay, selenium

4. The Rock’s Guide to Improving Your Social Life with Minerals!!

Instructions: Look in mirror from time to time. Adjust if needed

Minerals: feldspar, silica, silver

5. The Rock’s Guide to Improving Your Social Life with Minerals!!

Instructions: wear lots of hugely flashy bling

Minerals (gems): rubies, diamonds, emeralds

Kobe wears huge bling

6. The Rock’s Guide to Improving Your Social Life with Minerals!!

If all else fails… travel to distant planet, paint yourself blue, fight bad guys & help resident population preserve natural resource deposits (it gets girls)

Mineral: unobtainium

The Rock says: if these things don’t

work, you’re on your own sucker!

4 Characteristics of Minerals:

(1) Forms in nature(2) Is a solid(3) Has definite chemical composition(4) Has crystal structure

Science Starter:

(1) What are the differences between a rock and mineral?

(2) What are the 7 properties used to identify minerals?

Science Starter:

1. Please take out your Rocks & Minerals Cover Sheet .

2. Please pick up your textbook.

The first 10 min. of class today you will have time to work on your yellow Rocks & Minerals packet.

A Mineral Is Identified By Its Characteristics/Properties…

Streak*Color of mineral powder left behind when mineral is scraped over a surface.

LusterMetallic vs. non-metallic

CleavageTendency to break along flat surfaces

DensityFormula for density =

Crystal Shape

*Atoms are arranged in an orderly, repeating, 3D pattern.

Fluorescence*Some minerals glow when exposed to UV light.

Hardness: Mohs Scale

A Rock is Identified By Its Characteristics/Properties…

Foliation OR “Banding”

Arrangement of minerals within rocks into flat or wavy, parallel bands.

Characteristic of metamorphic rocks.

Rocks & Minerals Practice Quiz

Directions: Answer with the best possible choice. Choose only ONE answer. Do your own work. It should be silent, just like any other test.

1.

Tendency to break along flat surfaces.

a. Fractureb. Texturec. Cleavaged. Foliation

2. Igneous rock that forms as lava

cools on the Earth’s surface:

a. Extrusiveb. Intrustivec. Foliationd. Crystal

3. (forms from heat & pressure)

Poorly foliated

Course crystals

Bands of light/dark

a. Slateb. Greenstonec. Gneissd. Schist

4. (Mineral)

Light streakSofter than 5.5CleavageBubbles in

acid

a. Calciteb. Dolomitec. Micad. Talc

5. Arrow #15 represents:

a. Coolingb.Forming

rockc. Breaking

apartd.Heat &

Pressuree. Melting

Basalt

Breccia

Coal--Anthracite

Conglomerate

Gabbro

Gneiss

Granite

Hematite

Limestone

Marble

Muscovite-Schist

Garnet-Schist

Schist

Obsidian

Peridotite

Phyllite

Pumice

Quartzite

Rhyolite

Sandstone

Scoria

Shale

Slate

Rocks Change Over Time

“The Rock” Before

Rocks Change Over Time

“The Rock” After

Rock Cycle

Rock Cycle

Igneous rocks form from molten rock.3.23.2

extrusive igneous rock

intrusive igneous rock

As molten rock cools, minerals crystallize and form igneous rocks.

Extrusive igneous rocks cool quickly at Earth's surface.

Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly within Earth.

3.33.3 Sedimentary rocks form from earlier rocks.

sedimentLayers of sedimentary rocks form as

• sediments are pressed or cemented together

heat and pressure

3.43.4 Metamorphic rocks form as existing rocks change.

Metamorphic rocks form as the structure of the parent rocks change and as their minerals recrystallize.

shale schist

recrystallization

metamorphism

foliation