rocas sedimentarias

7/21/2019 Rocas Sedimentarias

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MODULE: 1

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

COURSE PG1.1:Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basins

Lecturer: Enrique Hernández02-05 October, 2015



MODULE: 1 COURSE: PG1.1. SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN

Lecturer: Enrique Hernández. 02-05 October, 2015

Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary Basin

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Sedimetary Basins Index:

1. Initial Concepts

2. Sedimentary Basins Classification2.1. Extensional Basins2.2. Compresional Basins2.3. Strike & Slip Basins

3. Bansins & Tectonic Plate Margins3.1. Divergent Margins3.1.1. Rift Basins3.1.2. Passive Margins (Drift)3.1.3. Ocean Basins3.1.4. Aulacogens

3.2. Convergent Margins

3.2.1. Trench Basins3.2.2. Fore Arc Basins3.2.3. Back Arc Basins3.2.4. Foreland Basins

+Pyggy Back Basins3.3. Transform Boundary (Strike&Slip Basins)






Seismic expression of structural styles. A.W. Bally.Volumen 1.

Sedimentary Basins:1) Initial Concepts

5% Lithosphere mass75% Earth Surface: 66% Onshore and 85% Offshore






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inner core composed

primarily of iron and nickel.

outer core composed of

iron mixed with nickel and

trace of lighter elements

The mantle is composed

of silicate rich in iron and

magnesium

lower mantle

upper mantlecontinental or oceanic






CRUST

UPPER

MANTLE

LITHOSPHERE

ASTHENOSPHERE

SO2 rich

SO2 poor

Mohorovicic

1.300 ºC

Rigid behavior

flow

Plate techtonics

Oceanic 100-150km

Continental: 250-300 km






Tectonics as life source in the Earth






Isostasy






- Mechanism: Global Tectonic

+ Fast Subsidence (Tectonic subsidence): Continental or marine basins+ Slow Subsidence (Thermal subsidence): Marine basins

- Timing:+ Pre-tectonic+ Sin-tectonic

+ Post-tectonic






Santiago Quesada

Marly Lias (Basque-Cantabrian Basin)






Jurassic thickness and extension. Basque-Cantabrian Basin






Santiago Quesada

Permanyer-Beróiz

Geochemical evolution in the Cadialso-1- Well






Beróiz & Permanger

Jurassic geochemical modeling. Basque-Cantabrian Basin






2. Sedimentary Basins Classification

2.1. Extensional Basins

2.2. Compresional Basins

2.3. Strike & Slip Basins






2.1. Extensional Basins

Intracratonic

BasinsContinental

Rift Basins

Oceanic

Basins

Continental Crust

Oceanic Crust






2.2. Compresional Basins

Foreland

Basins

Back-arck

BasinsFore-arck

Basins

Trench

Continental Crust

Oceanic Crust






2.3. Strike & Slip Basin

New Oceanic Crust

Continental or Oceanic

Crust

Pull-Apart Basin

Transitional Crust






3. Bansins & Tectonic Plate Margins

3.1. Divergent Margins

3.1.1. Rift Basins

3.1.2. Passive Margins (Drift)

3.1.3. Ocean Basins

3.1.4. Aulacogens

3.2. Convergent Margins3.2.1. Trench Basins3.2.2. Fore Arck Basins3.2.3. Back Arck Basins3.2.4. Foreland Basins

+Pyggy Back Basins

3.3. Transform Boundary (Strike&Slip Basins)






3.1.1. Rift Basins






Drift






Gaben and horst






O UL 1 COU S G1 1 S I N A Y OCK AN S I N A Y ASIN






MODULE 1 COURSE PG1 1 SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN






Rifts and Geochemistry







Basque Cantabriqan Basin:2 Rifting Stages

MODULE: 1 COURSE: PG1 1 SEDIMENTARY ROCK AND SEDIMENTARY BASIN






Basque Cantabrian Triassic RiftBuntsandstein Basin.







Atlantic South Rift







Empalme Basin (Ecuador)







Arivechi Basin (Mexico)







Rin Rift Basin







Norway Rift Basins







Rifting Railroad Valley (Nevada-USA)







Western Meditarranean Rift







Valencia Mediterranean Trough




O U : COU S : G . . S OC S S



MEDITERRANEAN RIFTING AMPURDÁN TROUGH

Reus Wells






Amposta-Castor Trap






Rift Seismic Expression





Half Graben






Half Graben Marys River Valley (Nevada-USA)






Half Graben Seismic Expression






3.1.2. Passive Margins Basins (Drift)






PASSIVE MARGIN






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Passive Margins Basins






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Iberian Atlantic Basin : Passive Margin






Congo Atlantic Passive Margin Basin






Brazin Atlantinc Passive Margin: Ceará Basin






3.1.3. Ocean Basins






Ocean Basins on the World






Ocean Basins: Seismic expression






Ocean Basins: Cone-Fan and canyon






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Abyssal Fans






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Abyssal Fan





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i á d b





Aulacogen: Thermal/Isostatic Subsidence

Paleozoic Anadarko Basin, Texas/Oklahoma; Mississippi Embayment


L E i H á d 02 05 O b 2015





Intra-Plate (Intracratonic) Basin Settings

Thermal/Isostatic//Subsidence

Paleozoic Michigan Basin; Illinois Basin


L t E i H á d 02 05 O t b 2015





Murzuq Basin (Libia): Intracratonic Rift


L t E i H á d 02 05 O t b 2015





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San Jorge Basin (Argentina): Intracratonic Rift


Lecturer Enrique Hernández 02 05 October 2015




Sedimentary Rocks and Sedimentary BasinEXERCISES

rocas sedimentarias

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