1. 1. BY- B.M.S. PRANAVA RAMAN, VIII STD C SEC, SRI VIDYA MANDIR SR. SEC. SCHOOL, SALEM 3 S/O, SHRI. B.M.SATHYA RAM, SHRI RAM BHAVANAM, 53/74, BUNGALOW ST., SALEM 636 001. [TN, INDIA] CLICK HERE 12-06-2015 15:20 B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 1
2. 2. Hi every one, this is B.M.S.Pranava Raman. Today we are gonna see about Robotics. Click the slide you want to go. After that click the click here button that is present in every slide. Contents Info about Robotics Info about Robotic Languages Etymology History about Robotics Components of a Robot Thanks 12-06-2015 15:20 B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 2
3. 3. Robotics is the branch of technology that helps us in the designing, constructing, operating and application of robots and computers. This makes the robots deal with dangerous persuasions that cant be deal by humans. Many of todays robots are bio inspired. Continued in next slide.. 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 3
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5. 5. There are many robotic languages such as VAL, VAL 3, Epson RC+, Robo forth, etc. Now we are going to see an example of a industrial robot language called VAL. Click here 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 5
6. 6. Think yourself as a robot which has a industrial robot language called VAL. You want to go to the P3 and take the circle and place it at P5 and you are in P0, then what would be the command? Now you will see the answer. Click here 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 6
7. 7. VAL was one of the first industrial robotic languages, it was used in Unimate. This is just an example. Click here 12-06-2015 15:20 B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 7 The commands are Move to P1 (a general safe position) Move to P2 (an approach to P3) Move to P3 (a position to pick the object) Close gripper Move to P4 (an approach to P5) Move to P5 (a position to place the object) Open gripper Move to P1 and finish Home P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
8. 8. The word robotics is derived from the word robot. The word robot was discovered by a Czech writer Karel apek in his play R.U.R [Rossums Universal Robots] which was published in 1920. The word robot was derived from the Slavic word Robota which means labor. The word Robotics, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, was first used in a print of Issac Asimov in his short science fiction story Liar which was published in 1941. Click Here 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 8
9. 9. Only in 1927 did the first humanoid robot appeared in a film. It was Issac Asimov who made the three laws for Robotics. Fully autonomous robots only appeared in the 20th century. The first industrial robot was Unimate. It was installed in 1961. The First description about automata was written in 3 century BC and earlier. The design for humanoid automata was made by Leonardo Da Vinci in 1495. The Humanoid Robot was made in 1930 by Washington Electric corporation. An universal manipulation arm was discovered in 1975 by Victor Scheinman. Click Here 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 9
10. 10. There are many components in a robots body. Let us see about them. Power Source Actuation Sensing Manipulation Locomotion Human-robot interaction Click Here 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 10
11. 11. There are 4 types of potential power source. They are:- Pneumatic (compressed gas) Hydraulic (liquid) Flywheel energy storage Organic garbage Humans and animal faeces At present mostly lead-acid batteries are used as power source. They are very heavy and cheap. There is another type of battery named as silver cadmium batteries.They are of light weight but costly. We can use any type of power source for our robot from the upper list. Click here 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 11
12. 12. Actuators are like muscles of the robot. There are many types of actuators. They are:- Electric motors Linear actuators Series elastic actuators Muscle wire Air muscles Piezo motors Electroactive polymers Elastic Nanotubes Click here12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 12
13. 13. Sensors allow the robots to receive information about measurements. This is essential for robots to perform their tasks. This helps to give the warning to the robots about safety or malfunctions. Well see about these robotic sensing in the upcoming slides. There are two types of Sensing. They are :- Touch Vision Click here 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 13
14. 14. Robotic and prosthetic hands receive less tactile than the human hands, but now they have discovered mechanical properties that mimic the human touch mechanism in the robot. The sensor has a special type of skin which help it to sense. European scientists, have discovered a prosthetic hand in 2009, called Smart Hand. It helps the patients to write, type and do everything as a normal man. Click here 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 14
15. 15. Computer vision is a technology that helps the machines to see and sense. As a scientific discipline, it capture photos or videos and sequences it to understand. The robots are pre-programmed for computer vision. Computer vision detect the electromagnetic radiation in the form of visible light or infra-red light. The sensors are designed using solid state physics. It reflects using optics. Robots can also be equipped with multiple vision sensors. Like human eyes, robot eyes must also be able to focus on a particular area of interest. Click here 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 15
16. 16. Robots need to manipulate objects; pick up, modify, destroy, or otherwise have an effect. Thus the "hands" of a robot are often referred to as end effectors while the "arm" is referred to as a manipulator. Most robot arms have replaceable effectors, each allowing them to perform some small range of tasks. Some have a fixed manipulator which cannot be replaced, while a few have one very general purpose manipulator, for example a humanoid hand. There are many types of manipulators, They are:- Mechanical Grippers Vacuum Grippers General Purpose Effectors Click Here 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 16
17. 17. There are many types of locomotion- Rolling Robots Two wheeled balancing robots One wheeled balancing robots Special Orb Robots Six wheeled Robots Tracked Robots Walking applied Robots ZMP Technique Hopping Flying Snaking Skating Climbing Swimming Sailing Environmental interaction and navigation Click Here 12-06-2015 17
18. 18. The way of interacting with a robot is called as Human robot interaction. There are 6 ways to interact. They are:- Speech Recognition Robotic Voice Gestures Facial expression Artificial emotions Personality Click here 12-06-2015 18
19. 19. There are many types of control Well see from the basics to autonomous levels. 12-06-2015 19
20. 20. THANKING YOU Hi Everyone. I am B.M.S. Pranava Raman, Thanks for co-operating, I hope you like the slide show. If you have any feedback mail to - bmspr1502@gmail.com Till that its goodbye from, B.M.S.Pranava Raman, VIII Std C Sec, Sri Vidya Mandir Sr. Sec. School, 53/74, Bungalow Street, Shivaji Nagar, Salem 636 001. [TN, INDIA] Salem 636 003. [TN, INDIA] 12-06-2015 15:20B.M.S.PRANAVA RAMAN 20