Robert A. Rescot

Specification published in 1994

Low power wireless network

Working group of 13,000+ manufacturers

o Cell phones

o Computers

o Printers

o Audio

o Game systems

Traditional

Capture all or most

vehicles

Short time duration

High cost

Bluetooth

Capture fewer vehicles

Long time duration

Low cost

Quick deployment

Standard Antenna 200’

Alternate Antennas

o Maximum 320’

o Minimum: 120’

Std.

Antenna

@6’

Std.

Antenna

@18’

Stub

Antenna

@6’

Stub

Antenna

@18’

Large

Antenna

@6’

Large

Antenna

@18’

30mph 100% 100% 100% 97% 100% 100%

45mph 90% 92% 82% 78% 97% 92%

60mph 93% 95% 87% 80% 97% 80%

Patch

Antenna

@6’

Patch

Antenna

@18’

Sm.Mag.

Antenna

@6’

Sm.Mag.

Antenna

@18’

Lg. Mag.

Antenna

@6’

Lg. Mag.

Antenna

@18’

30mph 63% 77% 85% 85% 92% 93%

45mph 58% 63% 90% 88% 90% 83%

60mph 77% 85% 75% 77% 80% 80%

N = 60 / Test

Std.

Antenna

@70’

Std.

Antenna

@82’

Std. Antenna

w/Reflector

@6’

Std. Antenna

w/Reflector

@18’

30mph 100% 100% 90% 87%

45mph 95% 100% 62% 62%

60mph 88%* 100% 43% 48%

N = 60 / Test

* All phones missed were in the center console

+3’ Elevation +9’ Elevation +16’ Elevation

Std.

Antenna

@6’

Std.

Antenna

@18’

Std.

Antenna

@6’

Std.

Antenna

@18’

Std.

Antenna

@6’

Std.

Antenna

@18’

30mph 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

45mph 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

60mph 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

N = 60 / Test

Ten sites selected

Three focused corridors

Focus on travel to/from

Mizzou Arena & not

around outside of city

Not all pairs logical or

possible due to sensor

placement location

All results are

preliminary

One source per vehicle

Distribution of sources is random and not biased by

direction, speed or otherwise

Origin

Ho

ur

of

Da

y

4:0

0 p

.m.

Origin

I-7

0 a

t

Sta

diu

m

Pro

vid

en

ce

at

Sta

diu

m

I-7

0 a

t

Pro

vid

en

ce I-7

0 a

t

Pro

vid

en

ce

Pro

vid

en

ce

at S

tad

ium

I-70

at

Sta

diu

m

X

XX-

-

N= 17

Avg. = 17.8

N= 9

Avg. =22.8

N= 6

Avg. = 13.1

N= 6

Avg. = 16.5

Average Annual Daily Traffic ~60,000

Bluetooth detections

Thursday

March 3

Friday

March 4

Saturday

March 5

Sunday

March 6

Monday

March 7

Tuesday

March 8

4,849 4,762 3,867 3,411 4,425 4,295

8% 8% 6% 6% 7% 7%

I-70 at

Stadium

I-70 at

Providence

US63 at

Stadium

Providence at

NifongTotal

Thursday

March 3103 243 335 795 1,476

Friday

March 4145 288 379 901 1,713

Saturday

March 5127 222 349 652 1,350

Sunday

March 686 151 206 508 951

Monday

March 7114 229 322 795 1,460

Tuesday

March 8114 185 277 749 1,325

Total 689 (8%) 1,318 (16%) 1,868 (23%) 4,400 (53%) 8,275

8% 16%

53%

23%

Distance 2.16 Miles

Speed limit: 45MPH

Theoretical minimum travel time: 2.88 minutes

Average travel time: 9.64 minutes

Median travel time: 7.03 minutes

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

March 2 March 3 March 4 March 5 March 6 March 7 March 8 March 9 March 10

Tra

ve

l Tim

e (

Min

ute

s)

I-70 at Providence to Stadium at Providence (SB) n=798

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

12:00 AM 3:00 AM 6:00 AM 9:00 AM 12:00 PM 3:00 PM 6:00 PM 9:00 PM 12:00 AM

Tra

ve

l Tim

e (

Min

ute

s)

Game Day I-70 at Providence to Stadium at Providence (SB)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

12:00 AM 3:00 AM 6:00 AM 9:00 AM 12:00 PM 3:00 PM 6:00 PM 9:00 PM 12:00 AM

Tra

ve

l Tim

e (

Min

ute

s)

Tuesday I-70 at Providence to Stadium at Providence (SB)

N=139

N=125

Data is not statistically different from other methods

Requires patience to acquire sufficient sample size

Can result in extra data that otherwise would not have been

collected

Safer to deploy than other technologies

Multiple Bluetooth sources per vehicle

Data screening techniques

(outlier identification)