roatan health center

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roatanhealthcenterVeronika Adamova, Garric Baker, Joy Ding, Tracy Ford, Andre Pei, Kelsey Vusich

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introductionThis comprehensive publication narrates the efforts of six graduate students at Kansas State University’s College of Architecture, Planning, and Design. It combines a yearlong collaboration between island officials, the medical community, and residents of Roatan, Honduras with design solutions provided by these students. This project would not have been possible without the help of several people, in the instance of omission those names are not listed here but the students will forever be in debt to those who have assisted in our endeavors.

The work found in this publication has been compiled through teams led by Veronika Adamova, Garric Baker, Joy Ding, Tracy Ford, Andre Pei, and Kelsey Vusich during the fall semester of 2012 and their continued work into the spring 2013 semester. The studio was overseen by Professors Jim Jones and Dragoslav Simic.

project backgroundI.

the islandII.

roatan trauma centerIII.

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project overview // individual designs // group designs

the island of roatan // trips // presentations

spring 2013 semester

project bambooIV.

project overviewA.r h c


process // program

I. project background

individual designsB.adamova // baker // ding // ford // pei // vusich

group designsC.high 5 // incredibles // lionfish

project overviewThe Roatan Health Center began with research conducted by the students of Studio 73, a vertical studio combined of third year students as a part of Architecture Design Studio 3 and fifth year students in the Architecture Design Studio 7.

1 // Case studies, site analysis, learning the culture and heritage of the island, common practices in health care based on struggling economies, the necessities found in medical facilities, as well as much more was combined into a skill set the students used in developing the program and requirements for the Roatan Health Facility.

2 // Each student of the studio created conceptual designs. From this exercise the necessities of the facility emerged as common themes found in several solutions.

3 // Principles found in the research and case studies were utilized to push these designs further.

4 // From these individual schematic designs five solutions were chosen based on their ability to progress and move forward in a successful attempt at providing health care to the island residents.

A

4

3

2

1

Small Desk

Overlap with Reception

Storage of Records

PhoneCapabilities

adjacentrestroom

AdjacentBreak Room

Emergency Unit

Emergency Ward

Adjacent Restroom

Six Beds

Adjacent Shower

Operating Room

Adjacent Preproom

Admitting & Nurse Station

DrugStorage

Close Proximityto Nurse Station

CentrallyLocated

Ambulance Bay

Covered Drop-Off

Nurse Station

Visibility intoRooms

CentrallyLocated

Crash CartAlcove

Intensive Care Units

Neonatal CareRoom

OvernightStay

GuestStay

Complicated LaborEquipment

Intensive Care

Overnight & Guest Stay

Possibly adjacentto operation room

RecoveryRoom

GuestApartments

Proximity toOutdoor Space

CommunalKitchen2 Bedrooms &

Bathroom

CommunitySpace

Multi-PurposeSpace

Bathroom

Overnight StayConversion

Waiting Area

Close Proximityto Reception

40 patientcapacity

Covered WaitingSpace

Kitchenette

Mechanical &Equipment

GeneratorSpace

Noise, Air,Exhaust Buffer

Counter Space

SupportSpaces

JanitorialCloset

Haxardous Material Disposal

General Maintenance

Site Staff &Patient Parking

Cleaning Supplies

The five schemes were taken on by five groups created within the studio. The teams pushed the designs even further by addressing feedback each individual designer had received during reviews.

After changes had been made the designs were reviewed again. Each group was given valuable feedback that needed to be readdressed. This provided a more cohessive concept.

Reinforced designs were classified as two courtyard schemes, two bar schemes, and one hybrid of the two. These five designs traveled to Roatan, Honduras and were presented in front of Mayor Galindo of the West End, Mayor Wally of the East End, and the hospital community in Coxen Hole. 7

6

5

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roatanhealthcenter

Veronika Adamova

Garric Baker

individual designsB

Garric Baker

Joy Ding

Tracy Ford

KelseyVusich

Andre Pei

individual designs

Veronika Adamova

Courtyard | The building is situated on the platform over the water. Two buildings are situated around the courtyard, which is the main idea of the building. In the L- shaped part is situated health care center and shelter and the rectangular shaped building houses apartments for the doctors. The bamboo cross bracing on the facade is another specific characteristic of the building - their function is structural and also esthetical.

Courtyard perspective

Courtyard plan Building model

Detail sketching

Ground plan

Zoning | This idea is the main focus of this project. The building of the Roatan Trauma Center is divided into three forms according to their function (health care, community, and accommodation). Smaller (support) spaces are needed between the zones of bigger open (use) spaces (laundry, rest rooms, storages, etc.). Roof planes are shaped to collect rainwater and direct it to these support zones. The health care area has three entrances. The main entrance is the most visible to the public and incoming patients arriving from either the parking lot or by foot. The second entrance is for ambulances which access the hospital area from the other side of the building. Having another entrance separates circulation of fast ambulance access and pedestrian access. The last entrance is for visitors and families who want to visit their inpatient relatives. The remarkable sign of the design is also the datum line, which is a unifying element between these masses and also creates shading around the building.

PerspectiveProcess model

Groundplan

Sections

Garric Baker

Sustainability | In defining sustainability for the Trauma Center of Roatan, Honduras, it differs from that of using environmentally friendly design and construction methods; for this particular project sustainability refers to the ability of the center to be an independent entity that does not rely on outside funding.

For this reason, this concept looks at ways of reducing costs finding the main avenue would be to reduce the amount of staff on hand; thus, resulting in a design that focuses around a central nursing station that offers many services. Admissions, record keeping, pharmacy control, supervision of intensive care patients, as well as many other functions are performed at this central location.

From the central core there are other functions including the emergency ward, support spaces, the community center, intensive care units, and the doctor’s residence. In doing so this allows for the staff to be readily available within a short distance of all spaces needing their assistance.

Perspective of the building

3D section

Birds perspective

B

3D section

Joy Ding

Two forms overlapping on each other create a central core for nurse station to separate pedestrians into waiting room, community space, etc; while keeping the health care unit secure and quiet. The two forms are reinforced by applying different materials and structure language.


Diagrams

2nd floor

Groundplan

Building model

Tracy Ford

Trauma in Paradise | The underlying goal of this design was to make it a functional and inviting design. The thatched entry is used to make the islanders feel comfortable as they enter into the trauma center. This design is focused largely on daylight with the use of skylights, clerestory windows and large amounts of northern glazing.


Operating R

oom403 SF

Waiting

1165 SF

Com

munity

1067 SF

ICU154 SF

ICU204 SF

Pharmacy

105 SF

Breakroom183 SF

Consultation

67 SF

Restroom59 SF

Restroom58 SF

Nurse298 SF

ER132 SF

Laundry100 SF

Restroom77 SF

Storage137 SF

Mechanical178 SF

Storage147 SF Toilet

47 SF

ICU204 SF

ICU154 SF

Site plan

Groundplan

Elevations

3D section

KelseyVusich

Beautiful | The new trauma center creates spaces to foster human connections and collaboration. This building embodies the idea of a hand with its’ fingers spread wide reaching out to touch nature. The three fingers have varying degrees of privacy based on the spaces provided in the building; ER, ICU, and community. The trauma center is orientated on a cliff side with the patient viewing out the window towards the ocean. In between the fingers is an outdoor healing pavilion. Thus, engaging the patient with mother nature who aides in the recovery process.

Axonometry

Building rendering

Groundplan

Rendered elevation

Roof planes

Rendered elevation

Renewed groundplan

Andre Pei

The initial design concept designates the most valuable programmatic space to be at the heart of the trauma center’s plan. The operating room and ICU recovery rooms are completely secure within the premises of the building where they are most insulated for conditioning purposes, and most secure from the public. Utilizing a series of clearstories, all passageways are illuminated by natural daylight and double as ventilation escape point.


--

aptapt comm.

mech.maint.

laundry

ERER ORprep.

ICU

NICUbreak

mech.

RR.

RR.

waiting

RR.pharm.

admit. nurse

nurse

stor.

stor.

stor.

stable.

garden

Groundplan

Interior rendering

Building overview

3D section

Interior rendering

group designs

Veronika Adamova

Joy Ding

C

group designs

high 5

phases

1

1

Level 110' - 0"

Level 110' - 0"

Level 220' - 0"

Level 110' - 0"

1/8" = 1'-0"1 Section A - Apartments

1/8" = 1'-0"3 Section C - Healthcare

1/8" = 1'-0"2 Section B - Community center

front commu-nity

back community

front apt

back apt

ambulance side

organized motion patients

doctors/ nurses

ambulance drop o�

main entrance

random motion patients

circulation

Circulation diagram - site

TRAUMA CENTER

CIRCULATION

SITE CIRCULATION

HIERARCHY

VENTILATION

STRUCTURE SECTION ELEVATION

Healthcare

Community

Apartment

GROUND PLANSCALE: 1/8”=1’-0”

Roatan, HondurasSiteplan

Groundplan

Level 110' - 0"

Level 110' - 0"

Level 220' - 0"

Level 110' - 0"

1/8" = 1'-0"1 Section A - Apartments

1/8" = 1'-0"3 Section C - Healthcare

1/8" = 1'-0"2 Section B - Community center

front commu-nity

back community

front apt

back apt

ambulance side

organized motion patients

doctors/ nurses

ambulance drop o�

main entrance

random motion patients

circulation

Circulation diagram - site

TRAUMA CENTER

CIRCULATION

SITE CIRCULATION

HIERARCHY

VENTILATION

STRUCTURE SECTION ELEVATION

Healthcare

Community

Apartment

GROUND PLANSCALE: 1/8”=1’-0”

Roatan, Honduras

Groundplan

sect ion 3 - 3D

sect ion 2 - 3D

sect ion 1- 2D roof - sect ion

gutter detai l

mater ia ls

HIGH

column - ground

wood

en si

ding

volca

nic st

one

timbe

rco

rk til

esba

mbo

o lou

vers

sect ion 3 - 3D

sect ion 2 - 3D


gutter detai l

mater ia ls

HIGH

column - ground

wood

en si

ding

volca

nic st

one

timbe

rco

rk til

esba

mbo

o lou

vers

sect ion 3 - 3D

sect ion 2 - 3D


gutter detai l

mater ia ls

HIGH

column - ground

wood

en si

ding

volca

nic st

one

timbe

rco

rk til

esba

mbo

o lou

vers

2

TRAUMACENTER

ROATAN

ERIC.. .SARAH.. .ALEX.. .TONYA.. .VERONIKA.. .JOY

view of the courtyard

north elevat ion - 1/8”= 1´- 0”

siteplan

20

20

10

10

HIGH

structure

hierarchy

vent i lat ion

Siteplan

Groundplan

groundplan - 3/32”= 1´- 0”HIGH

Groundplan

groundplan - 3/32”= 1´- 0”HIGH

Roatan Trauma Centerthe final design of the High 5 group

site plan

ground plan

exterior perspectives interior perspectives

3D sectional elevation

east elevation

north elevation

Tonya StockEric DernbachVeronika AdamovaJoy DingAlex TaylorSarah McDonald

3 main goals of the project:

1. easy and clear access – a question of life and death

2. create pleasant welcoming space so people can feel relaxed

3. create a cheap, sustainable and easily expandable design

3

Siteplan

Groundplan


site plan

ground plan



east elevation

north elevation







site plan

ground plan



east elevation

north elevation






Building renderings

Perspective of the entrance


site plan

ground plan



east elevation

north elevation







site plan

ground plan



east elevation

north elevation







site plan

ground plan



east elevation

north elevation






Building elevation

Building elevation

3D section

Entrance hall Comunity center

Health center hallwayER wing


site plan

ground plan



east elevation

north elevation






Structural 3D section

Structural grid 20x20

KelseyVusich

Andre Pei

the incredibles

1

phases

1

Groundplan

Elevations

PerspectiveCirculation

2

Groundplan

Entrance hall ER part

Courtyard

3

Siteplan

Groundplan

Elevations

Sections

Elevations

Interior rendering

Sunset rendering

Garric Baker

Tracy Ford

the lionfish

1

phases

1

Diagrams

circulation

emergency patient circulation

Ambulance drop off

nurses and doctors circulation

2

Groundplan

Nurses station

Emergency area

3

Diagrams

Groundplan

Structural detailsDiagrams

Exterior rendering

Overview rendering

Ambulance drop off area

the island of roatanA.r h c


II. the island

existing facilityB.

tripsC.

presentationsD.

who is an islander? // who is the tourist?

trip one // trip two: return to roatan

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roatanhealthcenter

the island of roatan

A

Roatan, Honduras is a beautiful island that makes up part of the Bay Islands in the Caribbean Sea. A mixture of palm and pine trees are scattered through golden coasts and up steep mountain sides. The soil is a rich red color eroded from the mountains that rose up several centuries ago as volcanoes. Lights from the mainland can be seen flickering in the distance on clear nights.

The island is roughly 40 miles long and approximately 5 miles wide at it’s widest point. The population is humble and welcoming; the Studio 73 group was shown a great deal of hospitality from the time they stepped off the plane to the day they left on both visits. The atmosphere of the island is one unlike any other and is hard to leave behind. The culture is rich in it’s fishing heritage, delicious food, dancing, and island lifestyle.

The beaches are a part of the daily life, harboring fishing boats as well as community events and gatherings. Buildings and houses made of bamboo, thatch roofs, and clay walls all face the ocean with the beaches serving as a communal space.

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roatanhealthcenter

The island of Roatan can be seen from two viewpoints: a tourist or an islander. Tourists only know a sense of luxury. They are catered to on the island and provided with decent housing and luxury cruise liners, and activities such as snorkeling, diving, yoga, zip-lining, sport fishing, and the list goes on. Coming from countries with more prosperous economies, the prices seem reasonable and at times low.

The prices although low, serve as daily wages to the local islanders. Residents of Roatan live in shacks and houses constantly falling apart and being weathered by the salinity in the air, harsh downpours, and strong winds. These oftentimes make-shift houses are furnished with the bare necessities, and lack cleanliness, indoor plumbing, and even electricity.

“You become an Islander, not by blood or race. It gets into your blood. You smell it, you breathe it, its in you.” -Governor Hyde

The beach is a vital part of the Honduras community and daily life. People live, come together and grow up on the beach. As a way to preserve the heritage of the community, dance is a way of actively passing down a beloved tradition. Not only is fishing a pass time as well, it is a livelihood for most and a means of providing for their family. Local diets have changed from that of local goods to artificial and processed foods. However, many islanders face the risk of injury from every day activities like fishing and diving.

who is an islander?

Tourism is a major source of income and provides jobs to many local islanders. With the island being located near the worlds second largest barrier reef, this has become an important destination node for cruise ships and scuba divers. Islanders know when the cruise ships are in port because there is a sudden influx of people as well as a sky-rocketing of prices.

West End is the most popular town on the island. There are a variety of bars, restaurants, and dancing clubs. Coxen Hole is where the airport is located and most of life’s necessities can be found. Most tourists typically do not venture further east than French Harbor. Past this point are a few newer beach resorts such as Paya Bay, and some private towns like Jonesville.

West End Point

Coxen Hole

French Harbor

Site Location

Punta GordaPaya Bay

Jim’s House

who is the tourist?

existing facilitiesThe island of Roatan currently only has one public hospital which is insufficient for the population. The hospital attends to 20-25 patients daily, with a minimum of 1 or 2 being air lifted to the mainland due to inadequacy of the current facility. The facility is greatly understaffed and has inadequate resources to serve its users. The facility lacks storage for the equipment it does have, leaving several pieces of medical equipment sitting outside in the elements. Patrons also do not know how to enter the building as entrances, including an ambulance drop off that is located down a crowded alley, are very obscure. Exam rooms are thrown together lacking organization, security, and efficiency.

It is Studio 73’s goal to provide a solution to all of these obstacles. The students realize that a central nursing station is required to make the center a more feasible option. By having this central node of service, it reduces the amount of staff on hand and allows the staff to be readily available in case of emergencies. Storage needs will be met and exceeded for future growth. Entrances will be easily recognizable as well as separated from ambulance drop-offs. Exam rooms will have organization, cleanliness, and be able to serve patients with greater efficacy.

B

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There are no defined waiting rooms. Patients are often forced to wait outside in the elements, or are crowded into a small hallway. Overcrowding and poor placement of medical devices such as X-ray’s makes everyday treatments difficult.

Medicines are chronically out of stock. Estimates show that 1 out of 3 patients go home without medicines after having seen a doctor

The main cause of hospitalization is drunk driving. it is estimated that 70% of traffic accidents on the island involve alcohol. Motorcycle accidents are the most common type. There are approximately 10-15 women per day that go into labor on Roatan. Many of these women give birth at home, however the hospital often deals with birthing issues.

There is currently only 1 ambulance on the island. It is located in Coxen Hole and is typically used to transport patients to the airport. Roatan does not have a helicopter pad nor a helicopter because of the cost. All patients that need to be airlifted to the mainland must first be taken to the airport and flown by plane to their required destination.

Electricity on Roatan is often unreliable. Power surges, faulty wiring, traffic accidents, and weather are all common causes of electricity failure. The hospital is often forced to function with limited means in a power failure. There is a small backup generator, but not as large as needed.

The hospital also functions as a community space. Special holidays have celebrations that take place in the hospital such as children’s day. The community space within the hospital is a necessity. Families with sick members will stay at the hospital to cook and care for their loved ones in the community space. The community space also promotes hope and happiness in times of need. A community space can also double as a teaching space or even a space for vaccinations.

trip 1:initial island visitDuring the week of September 8, 2012 through September 15, 2012 a large group of students from Studio 73 traveled to Roatan, Honduras with their two professors Jim Jones and Dragoslave Simic. During their stay on the island the students performed site visits, participated in meetings with community members, local doctors, architects, and engineers; and they spoke with the two island mayors and it’s governor.

The students were introduced to the island lifestyle including the culture, cuisine, and a plethora of recreational activities that the island provides to island tourists. The students were able to do yoga, zip lining, snorkeling, fishing, and even a dolphin encounter set up by one of the island mayors.

While there the students also made local newspapers and television appearances spreading the word of their endeavors of creating a trauma center for the island.

It was during this initial landing on the island that students were able to begin to understand the need for the trauma center. They toured the existing facility and were surprised to see the conditions that the doctors had to work around. The facility was understaffed and over populated with people needing to see physicians. Sterilization was another issue that needed to be addressed as the Roatan Hospital did not meet adequate standards of cleanliness.

Upon returning to the United States the students began their work on the trauma center with having the intention of helping a community in need.

C

trip 2:return to roatanOn January 28, 2013 seven students left out of Kansas City headed for Roatan, Honduras to present five solutions to island officials, the medical community, and the public. These five schemes consisted of two bar schemes, two courtyard schemes, and a hybrid of the two. The students were more immersed in the actual lifestyle of the islanders whereas the first trip was seen more in the eyes of tourists. Now that the students had experienced the island a first time, going back they were able to analyze the island life more closely. This second trip began with the students being interviewed by local media outlets the minute they entered the airport of Roatan. The news that several students from the United States were dedicating their time to generating plausible schemes for a health facility for their residents made for fascinating reports.

The following Monday morning, the students found themselves presenting in front of several staff members of the one hospital on Roatan. This presentation was not warmly welcomed at first with doctors pausing the presentations after the introductions to inform the students of the real need on the island. The doctors felt that the island needed a new hospital, with better equipment, more funding, better environments, an educated staff, and much more. However, after much discussion the group helped the doctors to see that a new hospital, while much needed, was not feasible. Roatan lacks enough staff to facilitate the requirements of the current hospital, and therefore, our smaller scale health centers would ease this tension of the hospital. It would provide much better facilities, adequate equipment, and designs to counteract the lack of staffing. Once the doctors accepted this, they allowed the students to proceed with the presentations that showed just how the solutions planned to accommodate their needs as much as possible. These solutions were smaller scale, but allowed a health center to be built within the budgets the government felt comfortable in placing in the medical sector.

D

The second presentations were given to Mayor Galindo of the West End. Mayor Galindo was very excited about the progress the students had made since our last visit. His mentality was, “Let’s do it,” as well as a few other suggestions to be addressed. The third and final presentation was given to Mayor Wally Boden of the East End. He was introduced to the project as he had just recently taken office and was unaware of the possibility of a trauma center on the island. He was very receptive and willing

to work with the students in advising them any way he could. By the end of the trip the students had secured not only one possibility of a trauma center but two health centers, one for the East End and one for the West End.

Throughout the week the students received the best hospitality everywhere they went. Club Natale offered the students a spacious condominium with a great view that could, on clear

nights, see lights from the mainland, as well as a beautiful beach, snorkeling along the reef, and a swimming pool. The students even attempted their own local cuisine after a few trips to Eldon’s, the local grocery store. The students were also welcomed at the West End where they enjoyed venturing in and out of shops offering local arts, crafts, and other souvenirs. They were able to snorkel and swim along the beaches as well as the reef in Half Moon Bay. The professors had impressive

accommodations at the Lost Paradise Resort. The students were also provided with the generosity of Olid and Larry, our drivers who made time for our schedule to drive us anywhere we wished at a moments notice.

presentations in hondurasSeven students from the original Studio 73 traveled to Roatan, Honduras to present their designs to island officials, the public, and the hospital community. Valuable feedback was attained through people who actually live on the island and know the conditions that the students may have overlooked initially.

During the presentation to the medical community many questions arose, especially early on in the delivery of the projects. It was announced that the group had been developing solutions to provide a Trauma Center to supplement the existing hospital. However, the doctors and nurses alike opposed to the idea of a trauma center because they realized the real need on the island was for a new hospital. Once a clarification was made to change the name, type, and services offered within the building the presentations were underway again. The key suggestions the students received were to create more separation for sterilization to decrease the chances of contamination, the intensive care units should be used as a recovery room in stead of a long-stay unit; the final comments were to include an x-ray space, as well as a lab space as the designs were lacking in those areas.

The presentation with Mayor Galindo went much better and very enthusiastically. Mayor Galindo gave the students an

E

insight into the way the hospital in Tegucigalpa operated stating that even though the hospital was in a metropolis of over one million people, the hospital required roughly $1 million a year in operating costs alone. He also questioned the feasibility of using bamboo as a construction material in that termites could pose a problem. The mayor also suggested using concrete masonry units (CMU) blocks due to the availability on the island, and its durability to withstand the salinity in the air as well as the strong sea breezes. It was proposed that the buildings would be comprised of these concrete blocks on the exterior and then wood could be used within the structure for aesthetics.

Mayor Gallindo also informed the group that excellent construction on the island ranged from $100-$120 per square foot. He also stressed that palm trees are the essence of the Caribbean and wished we would implement them more. In addressing the concerns of the doctors from the previous discussions he thought that it might be possible for the health center to serve as a small hospital to collaborate with the existing facility to relieve the pressure put on the Hospital Roatan.

site analysisA.r h c


process // program

III. roatan trauma center

roatan trauma centerB.diagrams // floor plans

roatan trauma centerC.elevations // sections // wall details

roatan trauma centerD.photo realistic renderings

site analysisA




The proposed site for the East End of Roatan is located in Punta Gorda. Punta Gorda is the oldest permanent settlement in Roatan. For most of the year, Punta Gorda is simply a sleepy seaside town—dozens of cayucos pulled up on the beach, a steady breeze blowing in the palms, and Garífuna residents moving at a very deliberate pace, usually happy to spend a few minutes or hours chatting with a visitor.

Sum

mer

Sun

riseS

umm

er Sunset

Winter S

unset

Win

ter S

unris

eWind Direction

Site Location

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roatanhealthcenter

roatan health centerB




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roatanhealthcenter

Site plan

geometry

golden section

circulation

spaceslevel 1

level 2

sun heat

water structure

phasesPhase 0

Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

Community500 sq ft (900 sq ft)

Medical Spaces7000 sq ft

Support Wing2100 sq ft

Cistern 1 (underground)500 sq ft

Community500 sq ft (900 sq ft)

Phase 4

Phase 5

Terrace1460 sq ft

Apartments3100 sq ft

UP

Laundry Clean15´x 15´

1

OR 15´x15´2

OR 15´x 15´3

Treatment4

Treatment5

Storage supplies35´x 15´

6

Breakroom11

Mech/Elec 15´x 15´14

Pharmacy 20´x 15´15

15' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 15' - 0" 15' - 0" 10' - 0" 15' - 0" 10' - 0" 15' - 0"

15' -

0"

10' -

0"

10' -

0"

sterilization 10´x15´17

nurse station 10´x15´20

records 7.5´x 20´23

check desk24

X - Ray 10´x 15´25

Recovery 25' x 25'29

Emergency ward25'x 25'

expandable to 25'x 60'30

Community Space25x20

31

Emergency orCommunity

expansion 25' x 10'32

Lab33

15' -

0"

Laundry Dirty34

136' - 11 15/16"

91' -

1 5

/8"

10' - 0" 15' - 0"15' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 75' - 0"

36' - 11 1/4" 26' - 10 19/32"73' - 2 1/8"

15' -

0"

10' -

0"

10' -

0"

34' -

10

3/16

"

15' -

0"

10' -

0"

15' -

0"

15' -

0"

Ground floor

UP

Laundry Clean15´x 15´

1

OR 15´x15´2

OR 15´x 15´3

Treatment4

Treatment5

Storage supplies35´x 15´

6

Breakroom11

Mech/Elec 15´x 15´14

Pharmacy 20´x 15´15

15' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 15' - 0" 15' - 0" 10' - 0" 15' - 0" 10' - 0" 15' - 0"

15' -

0"

10' -

0"

10' -

0"

sterilization 10´x15´17

nurse station 10´x15´20

records 7.5´x 20´23

check desk24

X - Ray 10´x 15´25

Recovery 25' x 25'29

Emergency ward25'x 25'

expandable to 25'x 60'30

Community Space25x20

31

Emergency orCommunity

expansion 25' x 10'32

Lab33

15' -

0"

Laundry Dirty34

136' - 11 15/16"

91' -

1 5

/8"

10' - 0" 15' - 0"15' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 75' - 0"

36' - 11 1/4" 26' - 10 19/32"73' - 2 1/8"

15' -

0"

10' -

0"

10' -

0"

34' -

10

3/16

"

15' -

0"

10' -

0"

15' -

0"

15' -

0"

DN

supply storage

30' - 0"

41' -

3 5

/8"

76' - 4 1/8"

15' -

0"

10' -

0"

15' -

0"

10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 5' - 0" 5' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 15' - 0"

10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 5' - 0" 5' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 15' - 0"

8' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0"

15' - 0" 10' - 0"

40' -

0"

16' -

0 5

/16"

12' - 7"7' - 11 7/32" 10' - 0"

10' -

0 5

/16"

6' -

0"

1/8" = 1'-0"1 Level 2Level 2

DN

supply storage

30' - 0"

41' -

3 5

/8"

76' - 4 1/8"

15' -

0"

10' -

0"

15' -

0"

10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 5' - 0" 5' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 15' - 0"

10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 5' - 0" 5' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 15' - 0"

8' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0" 10' - 0"

15' - 0" 10' - 0"

40' -

0"

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/16"

12' - 7"7' - 11 7/32" 10' - 0"

10' -

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/16"

6' -

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1/8" = 1'-0"1 Level 2

Ground floor

Flloorplan // level 2

wall stucco paint plaster

- interior walls - floor - exterior wall finish

polished concrete

textured concrete

materials

C

- exterior wall finish

textured concrete

- facade screens - wooden columns and truss

- roof

dark wood light wood - timber

standing seam

roatan health centerC




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roatanhealthcenter

Sectional perspective

Level 10' - 0"

Roof20' - 0"

Level 212' - 0"

Roof end33' - 0"

1/8" = 1'-0"1 South

South elevation

Level 10' - 0"

Roof20' - 0"

Level 212' - 0"

Roof end33' - 0"

1/8" = 1'-0"1 South

Level 10' - 0"

Roof20' - 0"

Level 212' - 0"

Roof end33' - 0"

1/8" = 1'-0"1 North North elevation

Level 10' - 0"

Roof20' - 0"

Level 212' - 0"

Roof end33' - 0"

1/8" = 1'-0"1 North

East elevation

West elevation

3D section // both wings

3D section // emergency & community center

3D section // OR and ICU

South elevation

East elevation

Front elevation

North elevation

Level 10' - 0"

Roof20' - 0"

Level 212' - 0"

11' -

0"

1' -

0"8'

- 0"

0' -

6"

3' -

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32"

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8 17

/32"

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/8"

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6"

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/16"

1' -

10 9

/16"

Roof end33' - 0"

17' -

6"

1/8" = 1'-0"1 crosssection_1North to South // Building Section

Level 10' - 0"

Roof20' - 0"

Level 212' - 0"

11' -

0"

1' -

0"8'

- 0"

0' -

6"

3' -

0 1/

32"

9' -

8 17

/32"

4' -

4"

20' -

5 5

/8"

9' -

0"

15' -

6"

2' -

0"

2' -

11 7

/16"

1' -

10 9

/16"

Roof end33' - 0"

17' -

6"

1/8" = 1'-0"1 crosssection_1

Level 10' - 0"

Roof20' - 0"

Level 212' - 0"

Roof end33' - 0"

2' -

0"

Level 629' - 6"

9' -

6"

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1' -

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- 0"

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6"

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- 4"

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1 crosssection_3_BWEast to West // Building Section

Level 10' - 0"

Roof20' - 0"

Level 212' - 0"

Roof end33' - 0"

2' -

0"

Level 629' - 6"

9' -

6"

11' -

0"

1' -

0"8'

- 0"

0' -

6"

3' -

0"

5' -

0"

3' -

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6"

6' -

8"1'

- 4"

8' -

0"4'

- 0"

3' -

6"

15' -

6"

4' -

6"

1 crosssection_3_BW

wall details

3/4" = 1'-0"1 Wall Detail 1 1/2" = 1'-0"2 Wall Detail 2


PlasterConcrete Masonry Unit with 3/8” Mortar Joint2”x4” Wood Screen2”x6” Box Beam

Poured in Place ConcreteFill Gravel6” Diameter Drain

FootingEarth



Corrugated Metal RoofVapor Barrier3/4” Plywood2”x6” Roof Joist2”x12” TrussFlashingGutter2”x6” Box Beam2”x4” Wood Screen

3/8” Gypsum BoardPlasterConcrete Masonry Unit with 3/8” Mortar Joints

Gutter // Roof Detail

Footing // Floor Detail

wall details



Corrugated Metal RoofVapor Barrier3/4” Plywood

2”x6” Roof Joist2”x12” Truss



Concrete Masonry Unit with 3/8” Mortar Joint2”x4” Wood Screen3/4” Plywood

GutterPoured in Place Concrete SlabMetal DeckingConcrete Lintel2”x4” Wood TrellacePlaster



Concrete Masonry Unit with 3/8” Mortar Joint2”x4” Wood ScreenPlaster

Poured in Place Concrete Slab with Control Joints

Fill GravelFooting6” Diameter DrainEarth

Roof // Truss Detail

Second Storry // Trellace Detail

Interior Floor // Exterior Wall // Floor Detail

wall details





Concrete LintelWindow Header1/4” Double-Paned Glass

Window FooterWindow Sill

2”x4” Wood ScreenPlaster

Corrugated Metal Roof3/4” PlywoodVapor Barrier2”x6” Roof Joist2”x6” Truss2”x6” Truss2”x6” Box Beam2”x4” Wood Screen

PlasterConcrete Masonry Unit with 3/8” Mortar Joints

Concrete Masonry Unit Wall // Roof Detail

Concrete Masonry Unit Wall // Window Detail

wall details







Corrugated Metal RoofVapor Barrier3/4” Plywood2”x6” Roof Joist2”x6” Truss

6”x6” Column2”x6” Truss3/8” Gypsum BoardConcrete Masonry Unit with 3/8” Mortar Joint2”x4” Wood ScreenPlaster

Concrete Masonry Unit with 3/8” Mortar Joint2”x4” Wood ScreenPlaster

Poured in Place Concrete Slab with Control Joints

Metal Decking

Lead Shield for X-Ray RoomConcrete Masonry Unit with 3/8” Mortar Joint

Roof // Column Detail

Truss // Concrete Masonry Unit Wall Detail

Second Floor // Interior Wall Detail

renderingsplaceholder

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project overviewA.r h c


the experiment // bamboo properties

IV. bamboo truss

the procedureB.manufacturing // fabrication

strength trialsC.

conclusionD.

engineering // water drums

open house

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bamboo // it isn’t just for pandas anymore

A

Last year a group of 5th year Architecture students came up with the idea to design and build a bamboo structure. This year Studio 73 chose to continue their research and implement a bamboo design into each Trauma Center project. Bamboo has many positives, like being a native material and easily manipulated, but it also has its negatives being limited connections and shear strength.

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The research that was made last year stated that the structural properties for bamboo are similar to that of douglas fir, which is commonly used for stud framing in the United States. Unfortunately the downfall of bamboo is its lack of shear strength and a low modulus of elasticity. While a bamboo beam would not be possible, a open web joist would be the perfect application for such a material.

Open web joists are under the same physics as a truss, where all members are subjected to either compression or tension without bending moments or shear.

Many different structural joint connections were researched last year as well and the best solution was to use fiberglass coated with a poly-resin. Fiberglass was chosen last year because it is a widely used product on the island. Many of the locals make their own fiberglass repairs to their fishing boats.

bamboo // what is it good for?

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We used two inch diameter Tonkin bamboo rods from a San Diego, California company called Sunset Bamboo. They are fire straightened and termite resistant. The rods came in lengths of eight feet, which we would later have to cut down with a chop saw.

To hold the bamboo members in place, we used a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) router to cut out a cradle in rigid insulation. Each of the bamboo members needed to be wrapped with tape when being cut with a chop saw to prevent splintering. They were cut on a sixty degree angle and placed fitting flush with their neighboring members. The final step in preparing the pieces for wrapping, is to use a metal rasp to rough up the ends to give the fiberglass something to adhere to.

method to the madnessB

Once the bamboo is prepared and sitting perfectly in the insulation mold, the next step is to wrap the fiberglass. Last year, the studio members perfected the wrapping technique and were able to provide us with instructions. We purchased fiberglass on a roll that came in a two inch wide strip, which we into strips of four feet in length to wrap twice around each joint connection.

Fiberglass resin is a semi-solid material made with a combination of very fine glass fibers and resin. When working with the fiberglass, it was recommended we invest in a breathing apparatus. The particles are so small that they can be easily inhaled and cause lung damage. We learned it is important to have the fiberglass cross itself as much as possible to provide the greatest amount of strength. Each strip is painted with a fiberglass resin manufactured by 3M. It is waterproof, non-shrinking, but starts off being very sticky. As the chemicals react, the resin dries and hardens making the fiberglass strip no longer movable.

fiberglass // the sticky situation

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Through the College of Engineering at Kansas State University, we were able to test the maximum axial load of our eight foot bamboo truss. The findings showed that our truss was able to support 6,600 pounds. The two to four foot long segments were subjected to joint load failure at 1,000 pounds. In comparison, a typical joint in the roof structure will hold 100 to 200 pounds. This testing also showed us that the material was actually failing before the connections were. The bamboo was beginning to split down the rod, where it was not wrapped with fiberglass.

testing the trussC

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Studio 73’s final test of the bamboo truss was on display during Kansas State’s Open House event. We fabricated a sixteen foot long truss to be on display outside of Seaton Hall. The two trusses would be secured on wooden crates three feet apart from each other. This spacing is typical of commercial roof construction. The trusses would be leveled and then loaded on top with plastic drums. These drums would each be filled with ten gallons of water. There were 160 gallons of water which equals 1,348 pounds of water. The maximum deflection for the truss is 0.8 inches and with the current loading the deflection was 0.5 inches.

Based on this bamboo experiment, this method and use of material is appropriate for our proposed Honduras construction.

open house // april 20

what is left to be discovered?

D

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The students of Studio 73 would like to thank all the people who made this year long studio adventure. We could not have done it without the initial vision from our Professor Jim Jones and Professor Dragoslav Simic. Thank you to Doctor Robert Sager for your generous contributions to our materials and models fund. Lastly, thank you to the Islanders in Roatan and the hospitality you showed when we came to visit your beautiful home.

thank you //

roatan health center

Documents

students of studio

garric baker

andre pei

joy ding

tracy ford

year students

architecture design

graduate students