Road safety design standards

and the Asian Highway Network

Joint ESCAP-Korea Expressway Corporation

Seminar on Asian Highway

Greg Smith (greg.smith@irap.org)

2015/11/04

A World Free of High Risk Roads

By 2020, halve the number of

global deaths and injuries from

road traffic accidents

A World Free of High Risk Roads

A World Free of High Risk Roads

A World Free of High Risk Roads

A World Free of High Risk Roads

Road safety in AH Network countries

• Serious crashes tend to be concentrated. Eg 33% of

deaths in India occur on National Highways, which

account for around 3% of roads

• High death rates on some road sections:

– 0.42 deaths /km /year in Bangladesh

– 0.61 deaths /km /year in Indonesia

– 1.9 deaths /km /year in India

• By comparison:

– 0.07 deaths /km /year: highest risk road in the UK

A World Free of High Risk Roads

Review of standards and guides

32

62

10

11

ESCAP members with AH network

ESCAP members without AH network

ESCAP associate members

International organizations

A World Free of High Risk Roads

School zone crossing supervisor

Centreline rumble strips

Shoulder rumble strips

Service road

School zone warning

Differential speed limits

Roadworks

Vehicle parking

Facilities for motorised two wheelers

Skid resistance / grip

Sidewalk

Pedestrian fencing

Land use

Road condition

Street lighting

Speed management / traffic calming

Operating speed

Pedestrian crossing quality

Property access points

Pedestrian crossing facilities

Facilities for bicycles

Quality of curve

Paved shoulder

Median type

Roadside severity - distance

Grade

Intersection channelisation

Intersecting road volume

Delineation

Curvature

Intersection quality

Intersection type

Roadside severity - object

Number of lanes

Lane width

Speed limits

Sight distance

Number of road attribute citations

A World Free of High Risk Roads

A World Free of High Risk Roads

“THE CONTINUED PRESENCE OF

OBSOLETE AND DEADLY FORMS

OF TERMINAL TREATMENT,

INCLUDING … TURNED DOWN

ENDS, SHOULD BE A CONCERN TO

ROAD AUTHORITIES

EVERYWHERE.”

A World Free of High Risk Roads

Managing risk for pedestrians and

bicyclists

• Pedestrian crossings with refuge islands

• Sidewalks

• Pedestrian fences

• Bicycle lanes

• Traffic calming

• Street lighting

A World Free of High Risk Roads

Managing risk for vehicle occupants

and motorcyclists

• Run-off road crashes:

– Delineation

– Audio-tactile lines

– Forgiving roadsides (including

specialist motorcycle barriers

where motorcycle volumes are

high)

– Skid resistance

A World Free of High Risk Roads

Managing risk for vehicle occupants

and motorcyclists

• Head-on crashes: – Delineation

– Audio-tactile lines

– Skid resistance

– Median treatments such as safety barriers and wide centrelines

– Overtaking lanes

A World Free of High Risk Roads

Managing risk for vehicle occupants

and motorcyclists

• Intersection and rear-end

crashes:

– Delineation

– Priority control

– Rectification of skewed

intersections

– Provision of protected turn lanes

– Intersection channelization

– Lighting

– Skid resistance

– Roundabouts

– Managing gaps in medians

A World Free of High Risk Roads

Managing risk for vehicle occupants

and motorcyclists

• Exclusive and non-exclusive motorcycle lanes

A World Free of High Risk Roads

1.00

0.77

0.65

0.51

0.35

Baseline

+ improved delineation

+ shoulder rumble strips

+ roadside clearzone/barriers

+ wide centreline

Class II Rolling terrain, design speed 60km/h

(Typical curve and intersection frequency)

2 stars 3 stars 4 stars 1 star

Relative risk of vehicle occupant

death or serious injury

A World Free of High Risk Roads

1.00

0.77

0.65

0.51

0.35

Baseline

+ improved delineation

+ shoulder rumble strips

+ roadside clearzone/barriers

+ wide centreline

2 stars 3 stars 4 stars 1 star

Relative risk of vehicle occupant

death or serious injury

Class II Rolling terrain, design speed 60km/h

(Typical curve and intersection frequency)

A World Free of High Risk Roads

1.00

0.77

0.65

0.51

0.35

Baseline

+ improved delineation

+ shoulder rumble strips

+ roadside clearzone/barriers

+ wide centreline

2 stars 3 stars 4 stars 1 star

Relative risk of vehicle occupant

death or serious injury

Class II Rolling terrain, design speed 60km/h

(Typical curve and intersection frequency)

A World Free of High Risk Roads

1.00

0.77

0.65

0.51

0.35

Baseline

+ improved delineation

+ shoulder rumble strips

+ roadside clearzone/barriers

+ wide centreline

2 stars 3 stars 4 stars 1 star

Relative risk of vehicle occupant

death or serious injury

Class II Rolling terrain, design speed 60km/h

(Typical curve and intersection frequency)

A World Free of High Risk Roads

2 stars 3 stars 4 stars 1 star

Relative risk of vehicle occupant

death or serious injury

1.00

0.77

0.65

0.51

0.35

Baseline

+ improved delineation

+ shoulder rumble strips

+ roadside clearzone/barriers

+ wide centreline

Class II Rolling terrain, design speed 60km/h

(Typical curve and intersection frequency)

A World Free of High Risk Roads

Example of vehicle occupant star ratings L = level

R = rolling

M = mountainous

S = steep

Primary Class I Class II

L R M S L R M S L R M S

Design speed (km/h) 120 100 80 60 100 80 50 50 80 60 50 40

Baseline *

+ delineation

+ rumble strips

+ roadside clearzone/barriers

+ median treatment

+ int. quality

+ int. lighting

+ protected turn lanes

+ chanelization

2 stars 3 stars 4 stars 1 star 5 stars

* Based on typical curve and intersection frequency and roadside hazards

A World Free of High Risk Roads

Example of vehicle occupant star ratings L = level

R = rolling

M = mountainous

S = steep

Primary Class I Class II

L R M S L R M S L R M S

Design speed (km/h) 120 100 80 60 100 80 50 50 80 60 50 40

Baseline *

+ delineation

+ rumble strips

+ roadside clearzone/barriers

+ median treatment

+ int. quality

+ int. lighting

+ protected turn lanes

+ chanelization

2 stars 3 stars 4 stars 1 star 5 stars

* Based on typical curve and intersection frequency and roadside hazards

A World Free of High Risk Roads

Example of vehicle occupant star ratings L = level

R = rolling

M = mountainous

S = steep

Primary Class I Class II

L R M S L R M S L R M S

Design speed (km/h) 120 100 80 60 100 80 50 50 80 60 50 40

Baseline *

+ delineation

+ rumble strips

+ roadside clearzone/barriers

+ median treatment

+ int. quality

+ int. lighting

+ protected turn lanes

+ chanelization

2 stars 3 stars 4 stars 1 star 5 stars

* Based on typical curve and intersection frequency and roadside hazards

A World Free of High Risk Roads

A World Free of High Risk Roads

Next steps

1. Survey of ESCAP member countries

2. Finalize list of road safety facilities

3. Draft specifications for safety facilities and their

expected effect on risk (star ratings)

4. Consultation with ESCAP member countries on

draft specifications, including workshop

5. Revision of specifications

6. Finalize specifications