road safety audit. project data a road safety audit for the intersection of southbridge road ... rsa...

Road Safety Audit

Southbridge Road (Route 20) at Leicester Street (Route 56)

Oxford, MA

Prepared for:

Massachusetts Department of Transportation – Highway Division

January 2015

Prepared by:

695 Atlantic Avenue

Boston, MA 02111

Road Safety Audit – Southbridge Road (Route 20) at Leicester Street (Route 56), Oxford, MA Prepared by HDR Engineering, Inc.

Page 1

Table of Contents

BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................... 2

PROJECT DATA ....................................................................................................................... 2

PROJECT LOCATION DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................... 3

ROAD SAFETY AUDIT OBSERVATIONS ................................................................................ 3

POTENTIAL ENHANCEMENTS/COUNTERMEASURES ......................................................... 7

List of Tables

Table 1 Audit Team Members

Table 2 Summary of Potential Enhancements

List of Figures

Figure 1 Locus Map

List of Appendices

Appendix A RSA Meeting Agenda

Appendix B RSA Audit Team Attendance/Contact List

Appendix C Collision Diagram

Appendix D Crash Data Summary Tables

Appendix E Detailed Crash Data


Page 2

Background

The Federal Highway Administration defines a Road Safety Audit (RSA) as the formal safety

examination of an existing or future road or intersection by an independent, multidisciplinary

team. The purpose of an RSA is to identify potential safety issues and possible opportunities for

safety improvements considering all roadway users.

A RSA is intended to identify potential safety improvements that can be evaluated and included

as part of short term/low cost improvements by the responsible agency or as long term

improvements as part of any proposed roadway reconstruction.

The intersection of Southbridge Road (Route 20) and Leicester Street (Route 56) was identified

as a Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) cluster. A HSIP eligible cluster is one in

which the total number of "equivalent property damage only" crashes in the cluster is within the

top 5% of all clusters in that region. "Equivalent property damage only" is a method of

combining the number of crashes with the severity of crashes based on a weighted scale. HSIP

eligible locations require a RSA during the design phase as part of reconstruction projects

funded through the STIP.

The study intersection is part of MassDOT project number 602659, Reconstruction of Route 20,

beginning at Richardson's Corner in Charlton and extending east 3.2 miles to Route 12 in

Oxford.

Project Data

A Road Safety Audit for the intersection of Southbridge Road (Route 20) and Leicester Street

(Route 56) was held on October 27, 2014 at the Oxford Police Department in Oxford, MA. As

indicated in Table 1, the audit team consisted of representatives from State, Regional and Local

agencies and included a cross-section of engineering, planning, and emergency response

expertise. A representative from the Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT) was

also present to observe and participate in the MassDOT RSA process.

Table 1 – Audit Team Members

Audit Team Member Agency/Affiliation Paul Bakis HDR Alicia Nitsch HDR Dan Daniska Central Massachusetts Regional Planning Commission Kevin Krasnecky Central Massachusetts Regional Planning Commission Lieutenant Anthony Saad Oxford Police Department Captain Kenneth Sellers Oxford Fire-EMS Sean Divoll Oxford DPW Joe Ouellette ConnDOT – State Safety Engineer Joe Frawley MassDOT – District 3 Traffic Operations Engineer Lola Campbell MassDOT – District 3 Assistant Traffic Engineer Lisa Schletzbaum MassDOT - Road Safety Audit Coordinator

Prior to the RSA, the audit team reviewed collision diagrams and a crash detail summary for the

Route 20/Route 56 intersections based on crash records supplied by the Oxford Police


Page 3

Department and the Massachusetts State Police. Sixty-one crashes were reported and

documented between January, 2009 and August, 2014. Over half of the crashes, 35 (or 57%)

were rear end crashes while 21 (or 34%) were angle crashes. Forty-two crashes (or 69%)

occurred in the daylight while 15 (or 25%) occurred at night. Four crashes (or 7%) occurred at

dawn or dusk. 43 crashes (or 70%) occurred on dry pavement while 18 crashes occurred on

wet pavement. No fatalities were reported in the 61 crashes but 14 crashes (or 23%) involved

personal injuries.

Project Location Description

US Route 20 is a coast‐to‐coast highway running from Kenmore Square in Boston westerly into

New York State and eventually to its terminus in Newport, Oregon. At 3,365 miles long, the

highway is the longest road in the United States. In Massachusetts, Route 20 runs nearly

parallel to I‐90, intersecting it at exits 2 and 10A. Route 20 is an undivided four‐lane facility with

a regulatory speed limit of 40 MPH through the study intersection. The eastbound speed limit

on Route 20 approaching the intersection is 40 MPH regulatory and posted. In the westbound

direction, the speed limit is 40 MPH regulatory however, is posted as 45 MPH. The travel lanes

are approximately 11‐foot wide with one‐foot shoulders approaching the intersection. Route 20

is abutted by a combination of residential and commercial land uses. Route 20 is under the

jurisdiction of MassDOT.

Route 56 is classified as a major rural collector and is under Town of Oxford jurisdiction within

the project area. Route 56 north of Route 20 is a two lane roadway with an approximate 40‐foot

cross‐section; sidewalks are provided on each side of the roadway. Route 56 is abutted by both

commercial and residential land uses. The posted speed limit on Route 56 between Route 20

and Route 12 is 30 MPH. The posted speed limit north of Route 20 is 50 MPH. The intersection

is controlled by a three‐phase fully‐actuated traffic signal with an exclusive, push‐button

activated, pedestrian phase. The traffic signal is equipped with emergency preemption and

video‐detection. The northbound Route 56 approach consists of a 13.5‐foot wide general

purpose lane with a one and a half‐foot shoulder. The northbound approach has a posted speed

limit of 30 MPH. The southbound Route 56 approach consists of one 11‐foot wide left‐turn only

lane and one 11‐foot wide through‐right lane with a one‐foot shoulder. The southbound

approach has a left‐turn storage length of approximately 240 feet and a posted speed limit of 50

MPH. The eastbound and westbound Route 20 approaches each consist of three 11‐foot wide

lanes: a left‐turn only lane, a through lane and a through‐right lane with a one‐foot shoulder. The

eastbound and westbound left‐turn lanes each have storage lengths of approximately 125 feet.

A scored concrete median separates the eastbound and westbound directions at the

intersection. Crosswalks and pedestrian signal heads are provided across each leg of the

intersection.

Road Safety Audit Observations

Based on the crash data, RSA team discussion and field observations on Monday October 27,

2014, RSA team members determined that the intersection of Southbridge Road (Route 20) at

Leicester Street (Route 56) had the following issues that affect safety:


Page 4

• Driver Inattention & Enforcement

• Traffic Signal Equipment

• Traffic Signal Timing

• Pavement Condition

• Roadway Signage

• Roadway Capacity

• Roadway Geometry

• Speed

• Bicycle Accommodation

• Vegetative Overgrowth

The following sections describe in more detail the safety issues identified during the RSA.

Driver Inattention & Enforcement

RSA team members commented that driver inattention was a contributing factor, particularly in

rear end crashes, based on the detailed crash reports obtained from the police departments

(Oxford and Massachusetts State Police). Noted driver inattention actions in the crash reports

included looking away from the road and changing the radio station.

Additionally, Oxford Police indicated there is limited space available to stop motorists. Although

some motorists will turn into parking lots, others will stop in the travel lanes causing delays and

safety hazards by putting officers in the travel way.

Traffic Signal Equipment

RSA team members noted the placement of traffic signals as a potential safety issue and may

contribute to the rear end crashes. On the Leicester Road (Route 56) approach, all traffic

signals are “ground mounted” and no mast arms are provided. Signals can be blocked by

roadside signs or large trucks and buses as a vehicle approaches the intersection.

Solar glare was given by a motorist as a reason why a crash occurred. A lack of back plates for

the traffic signals was noted. During the field visit only one back plate was observed.

A mix of traffic signal types, both LED and incandescent, were noted by RSA members.

Incandescent signals are not as bright as the LED signals.

Older “Don’t Walk / Walk” and newer “raised hand/pedestrian” pedestrian signal heads are

currently provided.

The location of the traffic signal controller box was raised as an issue. The controller box was

struck by a vehicle, which caused the traffic signal to become inoperative.

A protected left turn phase for the Route 20 eastbound and westbound approaches was added

to the intersection in March 2011. The modified phasing remedied the left turn crashes. During

the field visit, RSA team members noted that the current traffic signal locations may cause

driver confusion. A protected left turn signal with red, yellow, and green left arrow indications is

provided on the mast arm for the Route 20 eastbound approach. In addition, on the far left


Page 5

corner of the eastbound approach, a traffic signal with red, yellow, and green ball indications is

provided. By having a green ball left of the red arrow signal indication, left-turning drivers may

think they can proceed left on green after yielding to oncoming traffic. There were no

documented crashes related to this potential confusion.

Oxford Police and Fire/EMS discussed how there was difficulty activating the Route 56

northbound emergency pre-emption.

Traffic Signal Timing

No protected or lead left turn phase is provided for the Route 56 (Leicester Road) approaches.

On the narrow Route 56 northbound approach this can lead to vehicles going around vehicles

waiting to make a left turn. Oncoming left turning vehicles in the southbound direction don’t see

the “go around” vehicles leading to a potential crash situation.

57% of the crashes were rear end crashes. In reviewing the crash reports, some of the rear end

collisions where due to the first vehicle stopping at a yellow light while the second vehicle did

not stop. This may be due to inadequate clearance times or motorists familiar with the

intersection expecting to make it through the intersection during a clearance phase. In addition,

local drivers familiar with the intersection may use the yellow and red signal indications interval

to clear the intersection when a non-local driver would stop given a yellow indication. This may

also contribute to the high volume of rear end crashes.

Pavement Condition

Based on the crash data, approximately 30% of the crashes occurred in “wet” pavement

conditions. Field observations noted extensive rutting particular on the Route 56 southbound

approach. Snow and ice can remain within these ruts even with adequate plowing operations.

The team commented that large puddles are often observed between Thayer Pond Road and

the intersection.

During the site visit, sand and other debris was observed in the shoulder. This can impede

proper roadway drainage. Additionally, this deters bicyclists from using the shoulder resulting in

bicyclists within the travel lane of a 40 MPH roadway. Bicycles travelling in the roadway can

cause motorist “panic” as it can be an unexpected condition.

Potholes and broken scored concrete was also observed by RSA team members during the site

visit. This can also lead to roadway drainage issues and can affect vehicle operation.

RSA team members noted the pavement markings were faded at the intersection. This can

lead to driver confusion as to the number of lanes provided and where vehicles should stop.

Roadway Signage

There is a significant amount of signage, including regulatory, warning, and business, on the

Route 20 eastbound approach blocking visibility of traffic signals and the roadway.

The advanced overhead warning sign (“Red Signal Ahead”) on the Route 20 Eastbound

approach is difficult to see with white lighted text on yellow background. Reduced roadway


Page 6

visibility and ineffective advanced warning could be contributing to the high volume of rear-end

crashes.

Due to the proximity of the nightclub on the northwest corner, sight distance is reduced for

eastbound vehicles turning right on red looking for southbound through vehicles. This could be

a factor in angle collisions involving right turning eastbound vehicles.

In the field, MassDOT D6/D8 signs were observed blocking the traffic signals of multiple

approaches.

No “Left Lane Must Turn Left” sign is provided for the Route 56 southbound approach.

During the field visit, RSA team members noted the existing signs were faded, particularly the

“No Turn on Red” signs and the “Left Turn Only” signs.

Roadway Capacity

RSA team members noted that left turning vehicles will queue over the scored concrete median.

Turning movement counts were conducted as part of the Route 20 Reconstruction project. The

traffic volumes indicated a predominant eastbound movement in the AM peak and westbound

movement in the PM peak. During the field observations in mid-afternoon, queuing was

observed on the Route 56 approaches while the Route 20 approaches cleared each cycle.

RSA team members also noted the high percentage of crashes that occurred on Friday

compared to other days of the week. RSA team members noted that there is a high volume of

traffic on Friday afternoon. It was discussed that cut-through vehicles bypassing traffic backups

on Interstate 90 may be the cause of this high traffic.

Roadway Geometry

The Route 20 eastbound approach is on a vertical and horizontal curve which reduces sight

lines to the intersection.

The Route 56 (Leicester Road) approach is very narrow. Queuing vehicles combined with on-

coming traffic can prevent emergency response vehicles from getting through the intersection.

Additionally, a queue of left turning vehicles can prevent through and right moving vehicles from

entering the intersection. This can lead to impatient drivers proceeding through the intersection

on red lights.

The Route 56 northbound approach leg has a relatively steep profile grade. RSA team

members noted limited sight distance when approaching the intersection due to the vertical

curvature of the roadway. Motorists can see the intersection but not the stop line when

approaching the intersection.

RSA team members observed trucks (WB-50’s and larger) turning at the intersection both in the

eastbound and westbound direction. The trucks were observed coming very close to the Route

56 approach legs and the vehicles stopped in the approach legs when making the turns.


Page 7

The driveway entrance to the Shell Station in the southwest quadrant also has a steep profile

grade. Vehicles entering the Shell station slow down significantly causing a queue on the

southbound departure leg of Route 56. RSA team members also noted that this queue in the

winter has caused vehicles to get stuck in the snow and are unable to make it up the steep

profile of Route 56.

RSA team members also indicated the driveway entrance to the bank in the northeast quadrant

caused vehicles to slow down significantly due driveway width and the circulation pattern in the

parking lot.

Speed

Speed data was collected as part of the Route 20 Reconstruction project. The data indicated

the 85th percentile speed, the speed at which 85 percent of vehicles are travelling and lower,

was 47 MPH for eastbound vehicles and 49 MPH for westbound vehicles. The speed limit

regulations state the speed limit through this intersection is 40 MPH. A 40 MPH speed limit sign

is posted for the westbound approach. There is no 40 MPH speed limit sign posted on the

eastbound approach. A 45 MPH speed limit sign is posted just west of the Route 20 and Route

12, however, regulations call for the speed limit to be 45 MPH in that stretch.

Bicycle Accommodation

Currently no bicycle accommodation is provided along Route 20 or Route 56. Shoulder widths

of two feet or less were observed. RSA team members stated some bicyclists travel through

the intersection collecting and carrying cans on the bicycle.

As discussed before, the shoulder was observed to contain sand and debris forcing bicyclists

into the travel lane causing driver “panic”.

Vegetative Overgrowth

RSA team members noted vegetative overgrowth along Route 20 westbound, east of the bank

parking lot. This overgrowth can block sight lines for exiting vehicles.

Potential Enhancements/Countermeasures

For each of the safety issues identified by the RSA team members, potential enhancements and

countermeasures were identified and are described below.

Driver Inattention & Enforcement

Consider applying for an Executive Office of Public Safety and Security (EOPSS Grant) and

conduct driver awareness events and enforcement operations.

Provide increased shoulder width to provide locations for motorists to stop outside of the travel

way.


Page 8


Review traffic signal locations for compliance with the “cone of vision” and minimum distance for

visibility as defined in the MUTCD. Consider providing near side supplemental traffic signals

particularly on the Route 20 eastbound approach. Supplemental signals can increase visibility

of the signals for motorists. Consider providing mast arms for the Route 56 approaches.

Provide retro-reflective border back plates on all traffic signals.

Update existing traffic signals from incandescent to LED for visibility consistency.

Update existing pedestrian signals to countdown pedestrian signals.

Consider providing concrete bollards or other protective device for the existing traffic signal

controller cabinet. An interim relocation of the traffic signal controller cabinet should be

considered. Traffic signal controller cabinet should be located away from edge of travel way in

the proposed reconstruction project.

On Route 20 eastbound, replace the far left corner traffic signal with a protected left turn signal.

Relocate the existing far-side left corner traffic signal head to the near-side mast arm shaft. In

addition, consider providing a supplemental signal on the northwest mast arm pole for Route 20

eastbound approach. This will improve visibility of the signals for eastbound vehicles that are

otherwise shielded from the signals due to roadway curvature.

Perform a test of the Route 56 northbound opticom receiver to verify it is working properly.

Relocate the opticom receiver to have a better sight line for the Route 56 approach. This may

involve trenching within the right of way to a better location up the hill south of the intersection.


Examine the effects of new timing and phasing to provide a lead left phase for the Route 56

northbound approach.

Provide a left turn pocket for the northbound approach. In addition, provide a protected or lead

left turn phase for the Route 56 left turn movements.

Evaluate the current clearance phase timings and calculate proper clearance timings if

necessary.

Optimize current signal timing.

Provide advanced dilemma zone detection.

Pavement Condition

Complete a pavement analysis to determine the appropriate locations for full depth pavement

reconstruction and mill/overlay.

Perform drainage analysis of the proposed reconstruction and provide adequate drainage to

reduce ponding and “wet” pavement conditions.


Page 9

Perform street sweeping or maintenance to remove accumulated debris along the edge of the

roadway.

Perform spot repairs to pavement and scored concrete.

Reapply pavement markings at the intersection.

Roadway Signage

Perform a sign inventory and analysis to determine which signs could be removed or relocated

to improve visibility of the traffic signals. Business signs that are relocated as part of the

reconstruction project should be located to not block traffic signals.

Modify the existing advance signal ahead warning sign to improve readability including adding

flashers and changing the color of the legend.

Add “No Turn on Red” sign for the Route 20 eastbound approach. Relocate existing “No Turn

on Red” signs adjacent to the traffic signal. Review need for “No Turn on Red” signs based on

sight distance upon completion of Route 20 reconstruction project.

Provide a “Left Lane Must Turn Left” sign for the Route 56 southbound approach.

Roadway Capacity

Remove the scored concrete median and place hot mix asphalt with proper pavement markings

in its place to increase left turn storage length.

Increase storage lanes during reconstruction project.

Perform traffic analysis and develop a “time of day” signal timing plan to accommodate the

changes in hourly traffic patterns.

Roadway Geometry

Provide a left turn pocket for Route 56 northbound left turn vehicles. This could prevent left

turns from blocking the thru movements, reducing queue and improving emergency vehicle

response time.

Modify the roadway profile to improve sight distance.

The reconstruction project should provide adequate curb radii to accommodate WB-67’s.

Modify the driveway entrance to the Shell station to reduce significant vehicle slowing and a

resulting queue.

Modify the driveway entrance to the bank to reduce significant vehicle slowing and a resulting

queue.

Speed

Post a speed limit 40 MPH sign on the eastbound approach.


Page 10

Conduct a post-construction speed study upon completion of the Route 20 project and analyze

the impacts of the roadway improvements.

Adjust clearance and dilemma zone timings based on post construction speed study.


Provide wider shoulders in accordance with the MassDOT Development and Design Guide for

proper bicycle accommodation.


Perform selective clearing and trimming to overgrowth along the roadway.

Summary of Potential Safety Enhancements

Table 2 summarizes the stated safety issues, possible safety enhancements, estimated safety

payoff, time frame, cost, responsibility, and status on current design. Safety payoff estimates

are categorized as low, medium and high and are based on engineering judgment. The

estimated time frame is categorized as Short-term (less than 1 year), Mid-term (1 - 3 years), and

Long-term (greater than 3 years). The expected enhancement cost is categorized as Low (less

than $10,000), Medium ($10,000 to $50,000), and High (greater than $50,000)

Table 2 – Summary of Potential Safety Enhancements

Safety Issue Safety Enhancement Safety Payoff

Time Frame Cost Responsibility Current Design

Driver Inattention &

Consider applying for an Executive Office of Public Safety and Security (EOPSS) Grant and conduct driver awareness events and enforcement operations.

Medium Short-term Low Town of Oxford No

Enforcement Provide increased shoulder for motorists to stop outside

width to provide locations of the travel way.

Medium Long-term High Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Review traffic signal locations for compliance with the “cone of vision” as defined in the MUTCD. Consider


providing near side supplemental traffic signals particularly on the Route 20 eastbound approach. Consider providing mast arms for the Route 56 approaches. Provide “advanced” signal on NW mast arm pole for Route 20 eatbound approach.

Medium Mid-term Medium MassDOT Yes

Provide retro-reflective traffic signals.

border back plates on all Low Mid-term Low MassDOT Yes

Update LED for

existing visibility

traffic signals consistency.

from incandescent to Low Mid-term Low MassDOT Yes

Update existing pedestrian pedestrian signals.

signals to countdown Low Mid-term Low MassDOT Yes

Consider providing concrete bollards or other protective device for the existing traffic signal controller cabinet. An interim relocation of the traffic

Medium Mid-term Medium MassDOT,

Town of Oxford No

signal controller cabinet should be considered.

Traffic signal controller cabinet should be located away from edge of travel way in the proposed reconstruction project.

Medium Long-term Low Designer, MassDOT

Yes


Page 12

Table 2 Continued – Summary of Potential Safety Enhancements




(Cont.)

On Route 20 eastbound, replace the far left corner traffic signal with a protected left turn signal. Relocate the existing far-side left corner traffic signal head to the near-side mast arm shaft.

Medium Mid-term Low MassDOT Yes

Perform a test of the Route 56 northbound opticom receiver to verify it is working properly. Relocate the opticom receiver to have a better sight line for the Route 56 approach. This may involve trenching within the right of way to a better location up the hill south of the intersection.

Medium Short-term Medium MassDOT No


Examine the effects of new timing and phasing to provide lead left phase for the Route 56 northbound approach.

a High Mid-term Low MassDOT Yes

Provide a left approach. In phase for the

turn pocket for the Route 56 northbound addition, provide a protected or lead left Route 56 left turn movements.

turn High Long-term High Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Evaluate the current clearance phase timings proper clearance timings if necessary.

and calculate Low Short-term Low MassDOT No

Optimize current signal timing. Medium Short-term Low MassDOT Yes

Provide advanced dilemma zone detection Medium Short-term Medium MassDOT Yes

Pavement Condition

Perform pavement analysis to determine the appropriate locations for full depth pavement reconstruction and mill/overlay pavement repair.


Yes

Perform drainage analysis of the proposed reconstruction provide adequate drainage to reduce ponding and “wet” pavement conditions.

and Medium Long-term High

Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Perform street sweeping or maintenance to remove accumulated debris along the edge of the roadway.

Low Short-term Low MassDOT No


Page 13




Pavement Condition

(Cont)

Perform spot repairs to pavement and scored concrete. Medium Short-term Medium MassDOT No

Reapply pavement markings at the intersection. Low Short-term Low MassDOT No

Roadway Signage

Perform a sign inventory and analysis to determine which signs could be removed or relocated to improve visibility of the traffic signals.


Business signs that are relocated as part of project should be located to not block traffic

the reconstruction signals.

Low Long-term Medium Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Modify the existing advance warning sign to improve readability including adding flashers and changing the the legend.

color of Medium Mid-term Medium MassDOT No

Add “No Turn on Red” sign for the Route approach. Relocate existing “No Turn on to the traffic signal.

20 eastbound Red” signs adjacent Low Short-term Low MassDOT No

Review distance

need upon

for “No Turn on Red” completion of Route

signs based on sight 20 reconstruction project.

Low Long-term Low Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Provide a “Left Lane Must southbound approach.

Turn Left” sign for the Route 56 Low Short-term Low MassDOT No

Roadway Capacity

Remove the asphalt with increase left

scored concrete median and proper pavement markings in turn storage length.

place hot its place

mix to Medium Mid-term Medium MassDOT No

Increase storage lanes during reconstruction project. Medium Long-term High Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Perform traffic analysis and develop a “time timing plan to accommodate the changes in patterns.

of day” signal hourly traffic Low Long-term Medium MassDOT No


Page 14




Roadway Geometry

Provide a vehicles.

left

turn pocket for Route 56 northbound left turn High Long-term High

Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Modify the roadway profile to improve sight distance. High Long-term High Designer, MassDOT

Yes

The reconstruction project to accommodate WB-67’s.

should provide adequate curb radii Medium Long-term High

Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Modify the significant

driveway entrance to vehicle slowing and a

the Shell resulting

station queue.

to reduce Medium Long-term High

Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Modify vehicle

the driveway slowing and

entrance to the bank a resulting queue.

to reduce significant Medium Long-term High

Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Speed

Post a speed limit 40 MPH sign on the eastbound approach. Low Short-term Low MassDOT No

Conduct a post-construction speed study upon completion of the Route 20 project and analyze the impacts of the roadway improvements.



Provide wider shoulders in accordance with the MassDOT Development and Design Guide for proper bicycle accommodation.


Yes


Perform selective the roadway.

clearing and trimming to overgrowth along Low Short-term Low MassDOT No


Page 14




Roadway Geometry

Provide a left turn pocket for northbound left turn vehicles. High Long-term High Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Modify the roadway profile to improve sight distance. High Long-term High Designer, MassDOT

Yes

The reconstruction project to accommodate WB-67’s.

should provide adequate curb radii Medium Long-term High

Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Modify the significant

driveway entrance to vehicle slowing and a

the Shell resulting

station queue.

to reduce Medium Long-term High

Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Modify vehicle

the driveway slowing and

entrance to the bank a resulting queue.

to reduce significant Medium Long-term High

Designer, MassDOT

Yes

Speed

Post a speed limit 40 MPH sign on the eastbound approach. Low Short-term Low MassDOT No

Conduct a post-construction speed study upon completion of the Route 20 project and analyze the impacts of the roadway improvements.



Provide wider shoulders in accordance with the MassDOT Development and Design Guide for proper bicycle accommodation.


Yes


Perform selective the roadway.

clearing and trimming to overgrowth along Low Short-term Low MassDOT No

APPENDIX A

RSA Meeting Agenda

695 Atlantic Avenue, Boston, MA 02111 T 617.357.7700 hdrinc.com 1

Agenda Project: MassDOT Route 20 Reconstruction Project – Route 20 at Route 56 Road Safety Audit

Subject: High Crash Location

Date: Monday, October 27, 2014

Location: Oxford Police Department – Community Room 503 Main Street, Oxford, MA 01540

Attendees: Lisa Schletzbaum (MassDOT) Joe Frawley (MassDOT D3)

Lola Campbell (MassDOT D3) Sujatha Mohanakrishnan (CMRPC)

Lieutenant Anthony Saad (Oxford PD) Captain Ken Sellers (Oxford FD)

Sean Divoll (Oxford DPW) Joseph Ouellette (ConnDOT)

Paul Bakis (HDR) Alicia Nitsch (HDR)

Pre-Audit

• Participants are encouraged to drive through the intersection to

become familiar with the location.

• Consider elements on the Road Safety Audit Prompt List (attached).

• Participants are encouraged to review existing conditions provided.

• Participants should bring Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) with

them to the Audit.

Road Safety Audit

1:00 PM Welcome and Introductions

1:15 PM Review of Site Specific Material

• Crash, Speed & Volume Summaries

• Existing Geometrics and Conditions

2:00 PM Site Visit

• Drive to Route 20 at Route 56

• As a group, identify areas for improvement

2:30 PM Post Site Visit Discussion

• Return to Oxford Police Department Community Room

• Discuss observations and finalize findings

3:00 PM Adjourn for the Day

695 Atlantic Avenue, Boston, MA 02111 T 617.357.7700 hdrinc.com 2

Post Audit/Action Items

• Participants will be asked to provide comments on the draft Road

Safety Audit report prepared by HDR within 5 business days.

• Participants will be asked to provide comments on the final draft

report within 5 business days.

APPENDIX B

RSA Audit Team Attendance/Contact List

APPENDIX C

Collision Diagram

APPENDIX D

Crash Data Summary Tables

Route 20 Crash Data Summary Charts

3%

10%

7% 7%

5%

7%

5%

13%

11%

13%

7%

13%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

Jan Feb MAR Apr MAY Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

CRASH MONTH

18%

10%

18%

10%

23%

15%

7%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri Sat Sun

CRASH DAY OF WEEK

0%2% 2%

0% 0% 0% 0%

7%8%

2%

7%

3%5%

3%

8%

18%

5%

8%

5%7% 7%

2% 2% 2%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

12

AM

1

AM

2

AM

3

AM

4

AM

5

AM

6

AM

7

AM

8

AM

9

AM

10

AM

11

AM

12

PM

1

PM

2

PM

3

PM

4

PM

5

PM

6

PM

7

PM

8

PM

9

PM

10

PM

11

PM

CRASH TIME OF DAY

3%

56%

33%

3% 3% 2% 0% 0%0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Single Vehicle

Crash

Rear-end Angle Sideswipe,

opposite

direction

Sideswipe,

same direction

Head on Rear to Rear Unknown

CRASH MANNER OF COLLISION

Crash Data Route 20 @ Route 56 - Oxford MA 1 of 2

Route 20 Crash Data Summary Charts

69%

2% 5%

20%

2% 3% 0% 0%0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

Daylight Dawn Dusk Dark - lighted

roadway

Dark -

roadway not

lighted

Dark -

unknown

roadway

lighting

Other Unknown

CRASH LIGHT CONDITION

49%

13%

30%

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2%7%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Clear Cloudy Rain Snow Sleet, Hail,

Freezing

Rain

Fog, Smog,

Smoke

Severe

Crosswinds

Blowing

Sand, Snow

Other Unknown

CRASH WEATHER CONDITION

70%

30%

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

Dry Wet Snow Ice Sand, Mud,

Dirt, Oil,

Grabel

Water

(Standing,

Moving)

Slush Other Unknown

CRASH ROAD SURFACE

8%11%

23%20%

19%

15%

2% 2%1%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

16-20 21-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85-94

CRASH DRIVER AGES

Crash Data Route 20 @ Route 56 - Oxford MA 2 of 2

APPENDIX E

Detailed Crash Data

# Crash Date Crash Day Time of Day Manner of Collision Light Condition Weather Condition Road Surfaces Driver Contributing CMaximum Injury SeveInjury Status Ages Comments

1 2/6/2009 Friday 8:16 PM Angle Dark - lighted roadway Clear Dry Unknown No injury No injury 16-20 21-24

2 2/19/2009 Thursday 5:22 PM Angle Dusk Rain Wet Failed to yield right of wPossible No Injury Possible 53 42

3 6/5/2009 Friday 3:03 PM Rear-end Daylight Rain Wet Followed too closely No Injury No Injury No Injury 24 47 First vehicle was yielding due to emergency vehicle.4 6/22/2009 Monday 7:03 PM Angle Daylight Rain Wet Failed to yield right of wNo Injury No Injury No Injury 22 465 7/10/2009 Friday 4:24 PM Angle Daylight Clear Dry Failed to yield right of wNo Injury No Injury No Injury 22 386 7/11/2009 Saturday 12:36 PM Rear-end Daylight Cloudy Dry Disregarded traffic signNo Injury No Injury No Injury 21 367 9/23/2009 Wednesday 11:08 PM Angle Dark - lighted roadway Clear Dry Failure to keep in prop No injury 25-34 35-448 10/5/2009 Monday 5:29 PM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Followed too closely No Injury No Injury No Injury 20 649 12/26/2009 Saturday 5:47 PM Rear-end Dark - roadway not lighCloudy Dry Distracted No injury No injury 16-20 55-64 Distracted operator (radio) did not see stopped vehicles in time.10 3/13/2010 Saturday 12:39 PM Rear-end Daylight Rain Wet Driving too fast for conNo Injury No Injury No Injury 30 8111 4/19/2010 Monday 6:08 PM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Operating vehicle in erNo injury 21-24 35-4412 4/28/2010 Wednesday 3:07 PM Rear-end Daylight Rain Wet Followed too closely No Injury No Injury No Injury 48 3313 5/8/2010 Saturday 7:29 PM Angle Dusk Rain Wet Disregarded traffic signNo Injury No Injury No Injury 45 45 Vehicle on Route 20 ran red light.14 9/8/2010 Wednesday 7:58 AM Rear-end Daylight Clear/Cloudy Dry Inattention No injury 45-54 45-5415 10/7/2010 Thursday 8:52 PM Single Vehicle Crash Dark - lighted roadway Clear Dry History Heart/ EpilepsyNo Injury No Injury 61 Operator suffers from epilepsy. Was conscious but lethargic after accident.16 10/11/2010 Monday 3:53 PM Angle Daylight Clear Dry No Improper Driving Non-fatal injury - Non-incapacitating 25-34 25-34 Cyclist travelling straight did not see vehicles directional and intention to turn right.17 11/26/2010 Friday 2:01 PM Angle Daylight Not Reported Dry Failed to yield right of Iwncapacitating Incapacitating 25-34 55-64 Operator that initiated accident was cited for operating under the influence.18 12/1/2010 Wednesday 7:56 AM Rear-end Daylight Rain Wet Distracted, Inattention No Injury No Injury No Injury 24 22 Distracted operator (looked away from road) rear ended vehicle stopped at light.19 12/20/2010 Monday 8:45 AM Angle Daylight Cloudy Dry Made an improper turnNon-incapacitating Non-incapacitating No Injury No Injury 57 29 5420 12/24/2010 Friday 6:18 PM Angle Dark - lighted roadway Clear Dry Failed to yield right of wNo Injury No Injury No Injury 19 4221 1/6/2011 Thursday 3:05 PM Angle Daylight Clear Dry Disregarded traffic signNo Injury No injury 35-44 45-54 Both vehicles entered intersection on yellow light.22 4/9/2011 Saturday 3:59 PM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Distracted Non-incapacitating No Injury No Injury Non-incapacitating 17 33 62 Operator's foot slipped from brake pedal to gas pedal while attempting to pull up pants in red light queue.23 4/22/2011 Friday 2:12 PM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Inattention No injury No injury 16-20 25-34 Operator looked away from road when light turn red and vehicle in front stopped for red light.24 8/15/2011 Monday 3:46 PM Rear-end Daylight Rain Wet Followed too closely No Injury No Injury No Injury 26 4125 8/26/2011 Friday 1:57 AM Angle Dark - lighted roadway Rain Wet No Injury 3126 8/30/2011 Tuesday 11:22 AM Rear-end Daylight Not Reported Dry Disregarded traffic signPossible Possible 25-34 35-44 Rear ended vehicle stopped when light turned yellow. 27 9/12/2011 Monday 2:26 PM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Inattention No Injury No Injury No Injury 75 3728 9/19/2011 Monday 3:25 PM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Inattention Unknown 21-24 45-5429 9/28/2011 Wednesday 10:03 AM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Physical Impairment No Injury No Injury No Injury 37 46 Rear ended vehicle was stopped at red light. Operator indicated bottle rolled under brake pedal.30 9/28/2011 Wednesday 10:57 AM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Inattention No injury 25-34 65-74 Both vehicles stopped at red light when flat bed truck (first vehicle) rolled back into vehicle two.31 10/27/2011 Thursday 8:54 PM Angle Dark - lighted roadway Rain/Cloudy Wet Operating vehicle in erNo injury 25-34 35-4432 10/30/2011 Sunday 10:21 AM Angle Daylight Clear Wet Failed to yield right of wNo Injury No Injury No Injury 22 53 Power outage. Temporary stop signs in place for Route 56 NB & SB.33 12/10/2011 Saturday 1:36 PM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Inattention No Injury No Injury No Injury 31 6034 12/11/2011 Sunday 10:20 PM Angle Dark - lighted roadway Not Reported Dry Unknown Incapacitating Incapacitating 35-44 55-6435 2/13/2012 Monday 2:17 PM Rear-end Daylight Cloudy Dry Unknown No Injury No Injury No Injury 49 38 Operator indicated vehicle was stopped when foot slipped of brake pedal causing crash.36 2/17/2012 Friday 1:24 PM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Inattention No injury 55-64 55-6437 8/28/2012 Tuesday 2:00 PM Head-on Daylight Not Reported Dry Made an improper turnNo Injury No injury 25-34 55-6438 8/29/2012 Wednesday 7:21 PM Rear-end Dusk Clear Dry No Improper Driving No Injury No Injury No Injury 25 3939 10/19/2012 Friday 3:56 PM Rear-end Daylight Rain Wet Inattention No Injury No Injury No Injury 48 31 Both vehicles stopped. Operator indicated vehicle was stopped when foot slipped of brake pedal causing crash.40 10/28/2012 Sunday 8:40 PM Rear-end Dark - lighted roadway Clear Dry Followed too closely No Injury No Injury No Injury 30 2541 10/31/2012 Wednesday 7:15 AM Rear-end Daylight Cloudy/Rain Wet Driving too fast for conNon-incapacitating Non-incapacitating 21-24 45-5442 11/1/2012 Thursday 2:15 AM Single vehicle crash Dark - lighted roadway Clear/Other Dry No Improper Driving No injury 35-44 35-44 Deer darted into roadway43 11/6/2012 Tuesday 5:18 PM Sideswipe, same direcDark - unknown roadwClear Dry No Injury No Injury 33 Hit and Run 44 12/14/2012 Friday 7:34 AM Rear-end Dawn Clear Dry Other Improper Action No injury No injury 25-34 45-54 Rear ended vehicle pulled out of gas station and stopped at red light.45 6/2/2013 Sunday 9:07 PM Rear-end Dark - lighted roadway Clear/Other Dry Inattention No injury 35-44 45-5446 6/26/2013 Wednesday 4:55 PM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry No injury No Injury 3247 7/18/2013 Thursday 3:34 PM Angle Daylight Clear Dry Failed to yield right of wNon-fatal injury - Non-incapacitating 21-24 45-5448 8/13/2013 Tuesday 12:31 PM Rear-end Daylight Cloudy/Rain Wet Physical Impairment No injury 45-54 75-84 Rear ended vehicle was stopped at red light. Operator reached for wallet approaching intersection causing him to hit the gas pedal.49 8/14/2013 Wednesday 8:04 AM Angle Daylight Clear Dry Visibility Obstructed Non-fatal injury - Non-incapacitating 35-44 55-64 Vehicle in right lane allowed vehicle from parking lot to exit but vehicle in left lane did not stop.50 9/10/2013 Tuesday 4:14 PM Rear-end Daylight Clear/Other Dry Followed too closely Non-fatal injury - Non-incapacitating 21-24 35-4451 11/22/2013 Friday 10:15 AM Rear-end Daylight Rain Wet Followed too closely, DPossible No Injury Possible 18 4152 12/6/2013 Friday 6:22 PM Angle Dark - unknown roadwRain Wet Inattention No injury 35-44 45-5453 1/25/2014 Saturday 3:30 PM Rear-end Daylight Cloudy Dry Inattention Possible No Injury Possible 23 19 Rear ended vehicle was stopped/slowing in traffic. Operator claimed water bottle on floor imparied ability to hit brake pedal.54 2/1/2014 Saturday 11:59 AM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Glare Possible No Injury No Injury Possible 42 47 48 Operator claimed distraction by solar glare.55 2/19/2014 Wednesday 5:44 PM Angle Dark - lighted roadway Rain Wet Failed to yield right of wNo Injury No Injury No Injury 33 3156 3/11/2014 Tuesday 8:11 AM Rear-end Daylight Clear Dry Inattention No Injury No Injury No Injury 22 3057 3/21/2014 Friday 7:15 PM Rear-end Dark - lighted roadway Rain Dry Distracted No Injury No Injury No Injury 18 50 Second vehicle accelarated after light turned green while first vehicle was waiting to make left turn.58 3/31/2014 Monday 8:05 AM Angle Daylight Cloudy/Rain Wet Failed to yield right of wNo injury 35-44 35-44 Left turning vehicle from parking lot attempted to enter outside lane in queue.59 5/14/2014 Wednesday 8:06 AM Rear-end Daylight Cloudy Dry Unknown No Injury No Injury No Injury 30 6360 5/23/2014 Friday 3:01 PM Angle Daylight Clear Dry Failed to yield right of wNo Injury No Injury No Injury 56 88 Vehicle in left lane allowed vehicle from parking lot to exit but vehicle in right lane did not stop.61 8/4/2014 Monday 9:30 AM Angle Daylight Cloudy Dry Disregarded traffic signNo injury 35-44 45-54

ode rity Reported

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riving too fast for conditionsay lighting

ay

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ays, signals, road markings

road safety audit. project data a road safety audit for the intersection of southbridge road ... rsa...

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