road junction design, parking and signal design
TRANSCRIPT
A BRIEF INTRODUCTION
TO ROAD JUNCTION
DESIGN, PARKING AND SIGNAL DESIGN
Prepared ByAkshay Galav
IV Year, Civil Engineering
CONTENT Principles of Road Junction design Design of Roundabouts Parking Lots Design of Signals Illustrative Examples
ROAD JUNCTION Road junction are places where two or more
roads meet or cross each other at different angles.
It is used for reduction of accidents and enhace durability
It helps to reduce the traffic congestion, increases smoothness of traffic flow.
PRINCIPLES OF ROAD JUNCTION DESIGN
Intersection as far as possible, be at right angle and acute crossing, should be avoided.
Sufficient space should be provided for proper visibility and also for future extension and improvement.
Change of road gradient should be neglected. Round About should be used when more than
three roads are crossed each other. Pedestrian crossing should properly arranged.
Types of road junction
Square Junction
Y Junction
Acute Junction
T-Junction
Staggered Junction
Multiple Junction
SQUARE JUNCTION
These junction are provided where two equal distance roads are nearly same width, cross each other at right angles.
Shape of square junction is dependent on site situations.
ROUNDABOUT Definition- A traffic circle
with certain prescribed characteristics.
Community enhancement Traffic Calming Safety Reduced delay at lower
volumes Improved left turn
treatment Complex intersections
DESIGN OF ROUNDABOUTS.N.
Width of the approach road or carriageway
Curve Radius at Entry
Width of carriage way and entry anti exit of curvature
1. 7.0m 25m-35m
6.5m
2. 10.5m 25m-35m
7.0m
3. 7.0m 25m-35m
7.0m
4. 10.5m 25m-35m
7.5m
As per IRC central island dia. Is equal to 1.33 times of entry radius
Classification of Parking
1. On Street Parking
Unrestricted curb parking
Restricted curb parking
2. Off Street ParkingGarages
Surface Lot
3. Based on Operations
Parallel ParkingAngle Parking
Right Angle Parking
ON STREET PARKING When side space of road is used for parking
of vehicle is called on street parking.
OFF STREET PARKING Vehicles are parked apart from road side is
called off street parking.
Garage parking/Underground Parking
Surface Lot
BASED ON OPERATIONS
Parallel Parking Vehicles are parked parallel
to road side. A minimum 1.2m safe
distance sis maintained between vehicles.
BASED ON OPERATIONS Angle Parking It provides more
space and comfort to driver of vehicle.
It is more convenient to congested area.
BASED ON OPERATIONS Right Angle Parking It is used on steep
slops. It is recommended
for residential area.
TRAFFIC SIGNALS Signal which are used for
controlling or moving of vehicles is called traffic signals.
It enhance orderly movement of vehicles.
Control the speed on main and cross roads.
Help in directing the traffic on different roads.
It increases safe movement of vehicles.
TRAFFIC SIGNS
Types of
Traffic Signs
1.Regulatory Sign
2. Warning
Sign
3.Informative Sign
4. Traffic Control
REGULATORY SIGN Traffic signs that regulate
roadways to help drivers use the roadways in an orderly fashion.
Regulatory signs use the following shapes: octagon , equilateral triangle with the point down and vertical rectangle
The colors used for regulatory signs are red and white .
WARNING SIGN This signs are used to warn
drivers and allow adequate time for a cautious response.
This signs are often diamond-shaped , pentagon-shaped and potential obstructions ahead.
The colors used for warning signs are yellow and green because these are brighter color makes these signs more visible in foggy or rainy conditions.
INFORMATIVE SIGN Informative traffic signs,
also known as guide signs. Informative signs are green, blue or white.
Informative signs are often horizontally rectangular, while roadway designation signs can be shaped like shields or rectangles.
TRAFFIC CONTROLTraffic Control
Traffic Actuated Signal
Fully Actuated TS
Semi Actuated TS
Fixed Time Signals
FIXED TIME SIGNALS
These signals are set to repeat regularly in fixed cycle.
Cycle regulates yellow, red and green lights in a fixed way.
Generally, duration of green and red light are same.
Time duration of light is dependent on traffic flow, traffic flow should be minimum.
TRAFFIC ACTUATED SIGNAL
Fully Actuated TS
It is automatically controlled traffic signals for moving of vehicles.
All major and minor roads consist detectors for controlling of traffic signals.
Detectors are based on load/pressure of vehicle on road surface.
FULLY ACTUATED TS
Semi Actuated TS
It is also automatically controlled traffic signals for moving of vehicles.
All minor roads consist detectors for controlling of traffic signals.
It is used at high density, heavy volume and high speed or express way meets a very light cross traffic.
Detectors are based on load/pressure of vehicle on road surface.