road beyond standard model

Road beyond Standard Model

At the energy frontier through synergy of

hadron - hadron colliders (LHC, (V)HE-LHC?)

lepton - hadron colliders (LHeC ??)

lepton - lepton colliders (LC (ILC or CLIC) ?)

Next decades

LHC results vital to guide the way at the energy frontier

Rolf Heuer at Aix Les Bains 1. 10. 2013

Similar approach as for HEP @ the FERMI Scale:

Tevatron & SppS; HERA; LEPProvided excellent insight into the

Standard Model at the FERMI Scale![Top quark, Quark-Gluon dynamics and Proton structure

functions, precision measurements of the Vector bosons of the Weak Interaction]

LHeC options: RR and LRRR LHeC:new ring in LHC tunnel,with bypassesaround existingexperiments

RR LHeCe-/e+ injector10 GeV,10 min. filling time

LR LHeC:Straight orRecirculatingLinac; RCL withEnergy RecoveryOperation

ABP Information Meeting, 22nd May 2014 2Oliver Brüning, CERN

100 MW Grid Power LimitationLuminosity - Energy & Tradeoff

We chose 60GeV Beam Energy as reference case for comparison in the CDR

LR construction mostly decoupled from LHC operation (except detector and IR)

LR design as baseline for studies past CDR

APB Information Meeting, 22nd May 2014 Oliver Brüning, CERN 3

Design Challenges:

3

Ring-Ring:

Maximum beam energy & L are limited by SR radiation power ca. 100 MW for a luminosity of L = 5 1033 cm-2 s-1 @ 60 GeV

Linac-Ring:

Maximum beam energy & L are limited by beam power > 1000 MW for a luminosity of L = 1033 cm-2 s-1 @ 60 GeV!!!!

Recirculating Linac with Energy Recovery operation!!! Multiple use the SC RF structures (a la CBAF @ JLab) Decelerate the beam after collisions in the same structures to recover

the beam energy the SC RF acts as a storage unit for the beam power. The beam is dumped only at low energies and the beam power can be

transferred to the next beam passing through the linac!


Two 1 km long SClinacs in CW operation (Q > 1010)

requires Cryogenic system comparable to LHC system!

LHeC: Baseline Linac-Ring OptionSuper Conducting Linac with Energy Recovery

& high current (> 6mA)

Relatively large return arcs ca. 9 km underground tunnel installation total of 19 km bending arcs same magnet design as for RR option: > 4500 magnets

1033 cm-2 s-1 Luminosity reach PROTONS ELECTRONS

Beam Energy [GeV] 7000 60

Luminosity [1033cm-2s-1] 1 1

Normalized emittance gex,y [mm] 3.75 50

Beta Funtion b*x,y [m] 0.1 0.12

rms Beam size s*x,y [mm] 7 7

rms Beam divergence ’s *x,y [mrad] 70 58

Beam Current [mA] 430 (860) 6.6

Bunch Spacing [ns] 25 (50) 25 (50)

Bunch Population 1.7*1011 (1*109) 2*109

Bunch charge [nC] 27 (0.16) 0.32

1034 cm-2 s-1 Luminosity reach PROTONS ELECTRONS

Beam Energy [GeV] 7000 60

Luminosity [1033cm-2s-1] 16 16

Normalized emittance gex,y [mm] 2.5 20

Beta Funtion b*x,y [m] 0.05 0.10

rms Beam size s*x,y [mm] 4 4

rms Beam divergence ’s *x,y [mrad] 80 40

Beam Current [mA] 1112 25

Bunch Spacing [ns] 25 25

Bunch Population 2.2*1011 4*109

Bunch charge [nC] 35 0.64


LINAC – Ring: connection to the LHC

-1104 5-cell cavities for 2 linacs-69 Cryo Modules per linac with 8 cavities per CM-801.6 MHz, 19 MV/m CW-24 - 39 MW RF power-29 MW Cryo for 37W/m heat load-3600 Dipoles + 1536 Quadrupoles in 2 * 3 arcs:-580 (4m long) dipoles per arc-8 (1m long) dipoles in spreader and combiner -12 dipoles per arc for path length adjustment -240 ( 0.9 and 1.2m long) quadrupoles per arc-16 (1m long) quadrupoles per spreader-combiner

IP2


LHeC in the Context of FCC:

FCC

John Osborne @ 2014 FCC Kick-off meetingVarious applications:

LHeC could operate parallel to HL-LHC PDFs; preparation for FCC-hh

ERL could potentially provide collisions with FCC-hh

ERL could operate as injector for FCC-ee


Finite p Radius

Quarks

QuarkGluonDynamics

HiggsBSM

Stanford

SLAC

FNAL

CERN

HERA

LHeC

FCC-he

LHeC: e-p (ion) Collider at the TeV scale using the LHC infrastructureFinest microscope with resolution

varying like √1/Q2 (4-momentum transfer)

Unique machine for Higgs studies:

PDFs at high energy: precision physics at HL-LHC and preparation for FCC-hh

PDFs


Study Status:

8

R&D work: Following the 2012 LHeC workshop at Chavannes CERN management gave mandate for developments in 5 areas:

SC RF; CDR for ERL TF; SC magnets, IR in HL-LHC, exp beam pipe

Coordination Group and International Advisory Committee: In 2013 the DG appointed an LHeC CG and IAC under the chairmanship of H. Schopper (ex CERN DG);

1st meeting at the 2014 LHeC workshop,

SC RF development: CERN started in 2014 a collaboration with Uni Mainz for the construction of 800MHz SC RF cryomodules [construction by 2016 (MESA)]

FCC: e-p option has been listed as an integral part of the new FCC studies @ CERN at the FCC Kick-off meeting in February 2014


Reserve Transparencies:


2012 CERN Mandate: 5 main points

S.Bertolucci at Chavannes workshop 6/12 based on CERN directorate’s decision to include LHeC in the MTP

The mandate for the technology development includes studies and prototyping of the following key technical components:• Superconducting RF system for CW operation in an Energy Recovery

Linac (high Q0 for efficient energy recovery) S• Superconducting magnet development of the insertion regions of the

LHeC with three beams. The studies require the design and construction of short magnet models

• Studies related to the experimental beam pipes with large beam acceptance in a high synchrotron radiation environment

• The design and specification of an ERL test facility for the LHeC.• The finalization of the ERL design for the LHeC including a finalization

of the optics design, beam dynamics studies and identificationof potential performance limitations

The above technological developments require close collaboration between the relevant technical groups at CERN and external collaborators.Given the rather tight personnel resource conditions at CERN the above studies should exploit where possible synergies with existing CERN studies.


Study Structure as of 2014:Coordination Group for DIS at CERN:

The group has the task to coordinate the study of the scientific potential and possible technical realisation of an ep/eA collider and the associated detectors at CERN, with the LHC and the FCC, over the next four years.

It should also coordinate the design of an ERL test facility at CERN as part of the preparations for a larger energy electron accelerator employing ERL techniques. The group will cooperate with CERN and an International Advisory Committee

LCG (2014-2017) *) Nestor ArmestoOliver Brüning Stefano ForteAndrea GaddiBruce MelladoPaul NewmanMax Klein Peter KostkaDaniel SchulteFrank Zimmermann

Directors (ex-officio) Sergio Bertolucci, Frederick Bordry

*) LCG Composition early March 2014

The coordination group was invited end of December 2013 by the CERN directorate with the following mandate (2014-2017)


International Advisory Committee:

Mandate 2014-2017

Advice to the LHeC Coordination Group and the CERN directorate by following the development of options of an ep/eA collider at the LHC and at FCC, especially with:

Provision of scientific and technical direction for the physics potential of the ep/eA collider, both at LHC and at FCC, as a function of the machine parameters and of a realistic detector design, as well as for the design and possible approval of an ERL test facility at CERN.

Assistance in building the international case for the accelerator and detector developments as well as guidance to the resource, infrastructure and science policy aspects of the ep/eA collider.

The IAC was invited in December 2013 by the CERN DG

*)

*) IAC Composition End of February 2014 + Oliver Brüning Max Klein ex officio

Guido Altarelli (Rome)Sergio Bertolucci (CERN)Frederick Bordry (CERN)Stan Brodsky (SLAC)Hesheng Chen (IHEP Beijing)Andrew Hutton (Jefferson Lab)Young-Kee Kim (Chicago)Victor A Matveev (JINR Dubna)Shin-Ichi Kurokawa (Tsukuba)Leandro Nisati (Rome)Leonid Rivkin (Lausanne)Herwig Schopper (CERN) – ChairJurgen Schukraft (CERN)Achille Stocchi (LAL Orsay)John Womersely (STFC)

South shaft area

North shaft area

Saint Genis-Pouilly

Prévessin site

Meyrin site

John Osborne; 2014


LHeC CDR1. Design for synchronous ep and pp operation (including eA) after LS3 which is about 2025 – no firm schedule exists for HL-LHC, but it may operate until ~2035

2. LHeC is a new collider: the cleanest microscope of the world, a complementary Higgs facility, a unique QCD machine with a striking discovery potential, with possible applications as γγ H or injector to TLEPP or others AND an exciting new accelerator project

3. CERN Mandate to develop key technologies for the LHeC for project decision after start of LHC Run II and in time for start parallel to HL LHC phase


Design ConsiderationsLHC hadron beams: Ep=7 TeV; CM collision energy: E2

CM = 4 Ee* Ep,A 50 to 150GeV

Integrated e±p : O(100) fb-1 ≈ 100 * L(HERA) synchronous ep and pp operation

Luminosity O (1033) cm-2s-1 with 100 MW power consumption Beam Power < 70 MW

Start of LHeC operation together with HL-LHC in 2023 (installation in LS3 in 2022)

e Ring in the LHC tunnel (Ring-Ring - RR) Superconducting ERL (Linac-Ring -LR)

15

Luminosity - E

nergy & Power tradeoff

We chose 60GeV Beam Energy as

reference case for c

omparison in

the CDR


HEP: The Fermi Scale [1985-2010]

b quarktop quarkMW, H?

gluonh.o. strong

c,b distributionshigh parton densities

MZ , sin2 3 neutrinos

h.o. el.weak (t,H?)

ep e+e-

pp

The StandardModel Triumph

Tevatron

LEP/SLCHERA


LHeC Tentative Time Schedule

LHeC Project is still on track for startup with HL-LHC:

-10 years for the LHeC from CDR to project start.

(Other smaller projects like ESS and PSI XFEL plan for 8 to 9 years [TDR to project start] and the EU XFEL plans for 5 years from construction to operation start)

HERA required ca.10 years from proposal to completion

On schedule for launching SC RF development

Synergies with HL-LHC and TLEPLS3 --- HL LHC


LINAC – Ring: connection to the LHC

-1104 5-cell cavities for 2 linacs-69 Cryo Modules per linac with 8 cavities per CM-801.6 MHz, 19 MV/m CW-24 - 39 MW RF power-29 MW Cryo for 37W/m heat load-3600 Dipoles + 1536 Quadrupoles in 2 * 3 arcs:-580 (4m long) dipoles per arc-8 (1m long) dipoles in spreader and combiner -12 dipoles per arc for path length adjustment -240 ( 0.9 and 1.2m long) quadrupoles per arc-16 (1m long) quadrupoles per spreader-combiner

IP2

Linac (racetrack)inside the LHC foraccess at CERNTerritoryU=U(LHC)/3=9km


Small x: where does DGLAP break down?

High-Energy: small x Increasing Parton density; asymptotic freedom but non-linear

perturbative QCD and Saturation

DGLAP = linear in ln(Q2); BFKL = linear (including ln(1/x)!)

Introduction: EIC as a QCD Explorer


Introduction: Key Questions for EIC Projects

Energy Frontier:-PDFs for HL-LHC and future p colliders-Higgs production via Vector Boson fusion!!!-Search for Physics beyond the SM (e.g. lepto-

quarks)?

Proton Spin? requires polarized beams!

HERA: Gluon proliferationGluon Saturation?How do Gluons saturate?Color Glass Condensate?Where does it set in?

EIC application EIC application


Introduction: EIC facilities as a microscope:

Finest microscope with resolution varying like √1/Q2

Parton momentum fixed by electron kinematics:

Max Klein

Finite p Radius

Quarks

QuarkGluonDynamics

HiggsBSM

Stanford

SLAC

FNAL

CERN

HERA

LHeC

FCC-he

e+e-

hh

eh

X

road beyond standard model

Documents

beam power

gev beam energy

maximum beam energy

rms beam size s

rms beam divergence

beam current ma430

linac ring

gev linacring