risk evaluation for trichloroethylene · volatile organic compounds in dutch homes. environment...
TRANSCRIPT
United States Office of Chemical Safety and Environmental Protection Agency Pollution Prevention
Risk Evaluation for Trichloroethylene
Systematic Review Supplemental File:
Data Quality Evaluation for Data Sources on Consumer and Environmental Exposure
CASRN: 79-01-6
February 2020
PEER REVIEW DRAFT. DO NOT CITE OR QUOTE
Tableof
Contents
HERO
IDD
ata
Typ
eR
efer
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Monitoring
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tion
men
tof
exp
osu
res
tovola
tile
org
an
icco
mp
ou
nd
sI
Evalu
ati
on
of
rece
pto
rm
od
els
usi
ng
sim
ula
ted
exp
osu
red
ata
.A
tmosp
her
icE
nvir
on
men
t36
140
x
56224
Mod
elin
gS
erra
no-T
resp
ala
cios,
P.I.
,Ryan
,L
.,S
pen
gle
r,J.D
..2004.
Am
bie
nt,
ind
oor
an
dp
erso
nal
exp
osu
rere
lati
on
ship
sof
vola
tile
org
an
icco
mp
ou
nd
sin
Mex
ico
Cit
ym
etro
poli
tan
are
a.
Jou
rnal
of
Exp
osu
reA
naly
sis
an
dE
nvir
on
men
tal
Ep
idem
i-olo
gy
1
141
2128201
Mod
elin
gM
cKn
ight,
U.
S.,F
un
der
,S
.G
.,R
asm
uss
en,
J.,F
inkel
,M
.,B
inn
ing,
P.
J.,B
jerg
,P
.L
..2010.
An
inte
gra
ted
mod
elfo
rass
essi
ng
the
risk
of
TC
Egro
un
dw
ate
rco
nta
min
ati
on
tohu
man
rece
pto
rsan
dsu
rface
wate
rec
osy
stem
s.E
colo
gic
al
En
gin
eeri
ng
36
142
2800950
Mod
elin
gR
ipp
en,
G.,
Klo
pff
er,
W.,
Fri
sch
e,R
.,G
unth
er,
K.
O..
1984.
The
Envir
on
men
tal
Mod
elS
egm
ent
Ap
pro
ach
For
Est
imati
ng
Pote
nti
al
Envir
on
men
tal
Con
centr
a-
tion
s.II
.A
pp
lica
tion
OfT
he
Mod
elT
op
-Dic
hlo
rob
enze
ne
An
dT
rich
loro
eth
an
e.E
coto
xic
olo
gy
an
dE
nvir
on
men
tal
Safe
ty8
143
3393249
Mod
elin
gC
ou
lib
aly
,L
.,L
ab
ib,M
.E
.,H
aze
n,R
..2004.
AG
IS-b
ase
dm
ult
imed
iaw
ate
rsh
edm
od
el:
dev
elop
men
tan
dap
plica
tion
.C
hem
osp
her
e55
144
xi
Refer
toAppendix
Eof
‘ApplicationofSystematicReview
inTSCA
RiskEvaluations’
athttps://
www.epa.govformoreinform
ationofevaluation
proceduresan
dparam
eters.
1
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Pel
lizz
ari
,E
.D
.,W
allace
,L
.A
.,G
ord
on,
S.
M..
1992.
Elim
inati
on
kin
etic
sof
vola
tile
org
anic
sin
hum
ans
usi
ng
bre
ath
mea
sure
men
ts.
Journ
al
of
Exp
osu
reA
naly
sis
and
Envir
onm
enta
lE
pid
emio
logy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
5405
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
deta
iled
inse
para
tere
fere
nce
whic
hw
edon’t
have.
Upgra
dable
up
on
exam
inati
on
of
refe
rence.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
20
years
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
Only
4su
bje
cts
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Pro
vid
ed
consu
mer
pro
ducts
use
d,
but
not
nam
es
or
acti
ve
ingre
die
nts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sH
igh
1M
etri
c9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
2
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Cla
yto
n,
C.
A.,P
ellizz
ari
,E
.D
.,W
hit
more
,R
.W
.,P
erri
tt,
R.
L.,Q
uack
enb
oss
,J.
J..
1999.
Nati
onal
Hum
an
Exp
osu
reA
sses
s-m
ent
Surv
ey(N
HE
XA
S):
Dis
trib
uti
ons
and
ass
oci
ati
ons
of
lead,
ars
enic
,and
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inE
PA
Reg
ion
5.
Journ
al
of
Exp
osu
reA
naly
sis
and
Envir
onm
enta
lE
pid
emio
logy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
14003
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gie
sexpla
ined
indeta
ilin
oth
er
pap
ers
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Analy
tical
meth
odolo
gie
sexpla
ined
indeta
ilin
oth
er
pap
ers
.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
air
sam
ple
s
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
years
ago
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1L
arg
esa
mple
size
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
,but
not
dir
ectl
yre
late
dto
consu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
,no
min
imum
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Supple
menta
lart
icle
son
QA
/Q
Cacti
vit
ies
of
pro
ject.
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
3
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Wallace
,L
.A
.,P
ellizz
ari
,E
.D
.,H
art
wel
l,T
.D
.,Spara
cino,
C.
M.,Shel
don,
L.
S.,Z
elon,
H..
1985.
Res
ult
sfr
om
the
firs
tth
ree
seaso
ns
of
the
TE
AM
study:
per
sonal
exp
osu
res,
indoor-
outd
oor
rela
tionsh
ips,
and
bre
ath
level
sof
toxic
air
polluta
nts
mea
sure
dfo
r355
per
sons
inN
ewJer
sey.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
21469
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Sta
ndard
sam
pling
meth
od
not
menti
oned.
Air
-T
enax,
pum
pflow
rate
s,12
hr
peri
od;B
reath
-sp
irom
ete
r;N
oin
foon
sam
ple
stora
ge,
dura
tion
pri
or
toanaly
sis.
Fie
ldbla
nks
conducte
d.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2G
C/M
S/C
OM
P.
Only
very
lim
ited
deta
iles
pro
vid
ed.
Recov-
eri
es
pro
vid
ed,
but
no
oth
er
dis
cuss
ion
on
calibra
tion.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
330
yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1L
arg
esa
mple
size,
duplicate
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
,but
not
specifi
cto
apro
duct
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Only
GM
,m
ean,
and
max
pro
vid
ed.
No
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dups,
field
bla
nks,
lab
bla
nks,
contr
ols
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
4
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Hea
vner
,D
.L
.,M
org
an,
W.
T.,O
gden
,M
.W
..1995.
Det
erm
inati
on
of
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
and
ET
Sapp
ort
ionm
ent
in49
hom
es.
Envir
onm
ent
Inte
rnati
onal.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
22045
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2F
low
rate
pro
vid
ed.
No
calibra
tion
menti
oned.
Fie
ldbla
nks
use
d.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3N
oL
OD
/L
OQ
.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3Sam
ple
scollecte
din
1991
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
inre
sidence,
but
not
dir
ectl
yti
ed
toa
consu
mer
pro
duct,
but
list
of
pote
nti
al
pro
ducts
list
ed.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.N
op
erc
ent
dete
cte
d.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2field
bla
nks.
no
recoveri
es
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1SD
.com
pare
dre
sult
sb
etw
een
smokers
and
non
smokers
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.9
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
5
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Leb
ret,
E.,va
nde
Wie
l,H
.J.,B
os,
H.
P.,N
oij
,D
.,B
ole
ij,
J.
S.
M..
1986.
Vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inD
utc
hhom
es.
Envir
onm
ent
Inte
rnati
onal.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
22186
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2sa
mpling
meth
od
isw
ell
expla
ined.
but
no
dis
cuss
ion
ofst
ora
ge
condit
ions
and
calibra
tion.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3calibra
tion,
DT
,re
covery
sam
ple
sare
not
menti
oned.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
study.
but
not
consu
mer
pro
ducts
specifi
c.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
range,
mean,
deta
frequency
are
pro
vid
ed.
but
no
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3no
QA
/Q
Cis
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
dis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
y/uncert
ain
tyis
quit
elim
ited.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
6
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Wallace
,L
.A
..1986.
Per
sonal
exp
osu
res,
indoor
and
outd
oor
air
conce
ntr
ati
ons,
and
exhale
dbre
ath
conce
ntr
ati
ons
of
sele
cted
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
mea
sure
dfo
r600
resi
den
tsof
New
Jer
sey,
Nort
hD
akota
,N
ort
hC
aro
lina,
and
Califo
rnia
.T
oxic
olo
gic
al
and
Envir
onm
enta
lC
hem
istr
y.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
23081
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
Hig
h1
bre
ath
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
indoor
air
study.
but
not
analy
sis
for
consu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
7
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chan,
C.
C.,V
ain
er,
L.,M
art
in,
J.
W.,W
illiam
s,D
.T
..1990.
Det
erm
inati
on
of
org
anic
conta
min
ants
inre
siden
tial
indoor
air
usi
ng
an
adso
rpti
on-t
her
mal
des
orp
tion
tech
niq
ue.
Journ
al
of
the
Air
and
Wast
eM
anagem
ent
Ass
oci
ati
on.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
27974
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
At
each
of
12
hom
es
the
fol-
low
ing
sam
ple
sw
ere
collecte
din
Novem
ber
or
Decem
ber
1986:
four
indoor
air
sam
ple
s,of
vary
ing
volu
mes,
usi
ng
single
sor-
bent
tub
eand
one
indoor
air
sam
ple
usi
ng
two
sorb
ent
tub
es
connecte
din
seri
es.
Rep
eat
sam
plings
were
carr
ied
out
at
six
of
these
hom
es
inFebru
ary
or
Marc
h,
1987.
The
indoor
air
sam
ple
sw
ere
collecte
don
the
main
floor
of
the
hom
e,
usu
ally
inth
elivin
gor
fam
ily
room
,w
here
no
obvio
us
sourc
es
of
con-
tam
inati
on
were
pre
sent.
Indoor
air
sam
ple
sw
ere
collecte
dat
the
sam
eti
me,
usu
ally
inth
eevenin
gor
late
aft
ern
oon
where
aunif
orm
90-m
inute
sam
pling
tim
ew
as
use
dand
pum
pflow
rate
sw
ere
adju
sted
tosa
mple
the
requir
ed
volu
me
of
air
.A
irvolu
mes
sam
ple
dvari
ed
from
5to
50
L.
Aft
er
sam
ple
collec-
tion
the
sorb
ent
tub
es
were
seale
din
indiv
idualsc
rew
cap
gla
sstu
bes
and
then
store
din
ati
ghtl
yse
ale
dconta
iner
unti
lana-
lyzed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
Sam
ple
sw
ere
analy
zed
us-
ing
adso
rpti
on/T
herm
al
Deso
rpti
on
couple
dw
ith
Gas
Chro
-m
ato
gra
phy/M
ass
Sp
ectr
om
etr
y(A
TD
/G
S/M
S).
Meth
od
De-
tecti
on
Lim
it(n
g/tu
be)
pro
vid
ed
inT
able
I;6.0
ng/tu
be
for
DC
M,
TC
Eand
PE
RC
.A
naly
sis
was
carr
ied
out
wit
hin
two
days
of
sam
pling.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
isnot
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1C
anada
Met
ric
5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
years
(1986,,
1987)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
larg
esa
mple
(60
indoor
air
sam
ple
scollecte
d1986:
4sa
mple
susi
ng
single
sorb
ent
tub
eand
1sa
mple
usi
ng
two
sorb
ent
tub
es
connecte
din
ase
ries
and
12
hom
es,
so5x12=
60
and
30
indoor
air
sam
ple
scollecte
d1987
at
6hom
es:
5x6=
30).
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Som
edis
cuss
ion
of
exp
osu
resc
enari
o,
sam
ple
scollecte
don
main
floor
of
the
hom
eusu
ally
inlivin
gro
om
or
fam
ily
room
where
no
sourc
eof
conta
min
ati
on
was
pre
sent.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
ty
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
8
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chan,
C.
C.,V
ain
er,
L.,M
art
in,
J.
W.,W
illiam
s,D
.T
..1990.
Det
erm
inati
on
of
org
anic
conta
min
ants
inre
siden
tial
indoor
air
usi
ng
an
adso
rpti
on-t
her
mal
des
orp
tion
tech
niq
ue.
Journ
al
of
the
Air
and
Wast
eM
anagem
ent
Ass
oci
ati
on.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
27974
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Met
ric
8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
supple
menta
lor
raw
data
.T
able
sII
and
III
rep
ort
indoor
air
concentr
ati
ons
(range
and
mean)
for
12
hom
es
duri
ng
1986
and
6hom
es
duri
ng
1987,
resp
ecti
vely
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2A
bla
nk
sorb
ent
tub
ew
as
carr
ied
toand
from
each
hom
eand
handle
dand
analy
zed
as
asa
mple
,except
that
no
air
was
sam
-ple
dth
rough
the
tub
e.
Each
week,th
ree
tub
es
fort
ified
at
alo
wle
vel
(appro
x70-8
0ng)
and
thre
etu
bes
fort
ified
at
am
ediu
mle
vel
(appro
x700-
800
ng)
wit
ha
standard
mix
ture
of
targ
et
com
pounds,
togeth
er
wit
ha
bla
nk
tub
e,
were
transp
ort
ed
toand
from
one
sam
pling
site
and
analy
zed
by
AT
D/G
C/M
S.
To
ass
ess
the
stabilit
yof
the
org
anic
targ
et
com
pounds
dur-
ing
stora
ge
of
the
sam
pling
tub
e,
trip
licate
sorb
ent
tub
es
for-
tified
wit
hth
eta
rget
com
pounds
at
low
and
mediu
mle
vels
(appro
x70-8
0and
700-8
00
ng,
resp
ecti
vely
),to
geth
er
wit
ha
bla
nk
tub
e,w
ere
store
dfo
r0,1
,3and
7days
under
norm
alst
or-
age
condit
ions
and
then
analy
zed
by
AT
D/G
C/M
S.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Sin
ce
concentr
ati
ons
of
conta
min
ants
can
vary
gre
atl
y,
eff
ec-
tive
use
of
the
tech
niq
ue
requir
es
that
severa
lair
sam
ple
sof
diff
ere
nt
volu
mes
be
collecte
dat
each
locati
on.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
9
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Fer
rari
o,
J.
B.,L
awle
r,G
.C
.,D
eleo
n,
I.R
.,L
ase
ter,
J.
L..
1985.
Vola
tile
org
anic
polluta
nts
inbio
taand
sedim
ents
of
Lake
Pontc
hart
rain
.B
ullet
inof
Envir
onm
enta
lC
onta
min
ati
on
and
Tox
icolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
28993
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2D
eta
iled
meth
ods.
Sam
ple
spack
ed
on
ice
and
then
frozen
unti
lanaly
sis.
No
length
of
stora
ge
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
sis
usi
ng
Nati
onal
Bure
au
of
Sta
ndard
spro
cedure
,but
modifi
ed.
Old
er
meth
od
(1976).
Thre
ere
covery
inte
rnal
stan-
dard
sadded.
GC
/M
S.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31980
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
Eit
her
5in
div
idual
or
1com
posi
tesa
mple
per
bio
taty
pe
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Media
and
chem
ical
of
inte
rest
,and
inU
S,
how
ever,
itis
an
old
er
study
som
ay
not
reflect
curr
ent
condit
ions,
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.O
nly
mean
pro
vid
ed
if5
sam
ple
scollecte
d.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2B
lanks
and
calibra
tion
standard
suse
d,
inaddit
ion
inte
rnal
standard
s,how
ever
resu
lts
not
rep
ort
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Not
dic
suss
ed
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
10
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Sin
gh,
H.
B.,Sala
s,L
.J.,Sti
les,
R.
E..
1983.
Sel
ecte
dm
an-m
ade
halo
gen
ate
dch
emic
als
inth
eair
and
oce
anic
envir
onm
ent.
Journ
al
of
Geo
physi
cal
Res
earc
h.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
29192
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3sa
mpling
meth
od,
equip
ments
are
dis
cri
bed.
But
there
isti
me
lag(3
-6w
eeks)
betw
een
sam
pling
and
analy
sis.
exp
eri
menta
lpro
tocol
ispro
vid
ed
inanoth
er
refe
rence(s
ingh
1982).
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
Suffi
cie
nt
sam
ple
size(A
bout
40).
These
sam
ple
sare
collecte
din
vari
ous
date
s,si
tes,
and
depth
.B
ut
no
replicate
sam
ple
s.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Data
set
isw
ell
sum
mari
zed.
But
no
raw
data
issh
ow
ed(j
ust
avera
ge
valu
e).
The
meanin
gof
hyphen
isnot
expla
ined.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2Q
Ais
desc
rib
ed
abit
like
calibra
tion,
standard
sth
ough,
dis
-cuss
ion
isquit
elim
ited.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Com
pari
son
of
measu
red
valu
es
and
pre
dic
ted
valu
es
isde-
scri
bed
though,
lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
11
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..1977.
Envir
onm
enta
lm
onit
ori
ng
nea
rin
dust
rial
site
sm
ethylc
hlo
rofo
rm.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
29263
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
sam
ple
size
isb
elo
w10(2
-6sa
mple
sp
er
site
).no
replicate
s.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sH
igh
1M
etri
c9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
dis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
y/uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
12
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ser
rano-T
resp
ala
cios,
P.
I.,R
yan,
L.,Sp
engle
r,J.
D..
2004.
Am
bie
nt,
indoor
and
per
sonal
exp
osu
rere
lati
onsh
ips
of
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inM
exic
oC
ity
met
rop
olita
nare
a.
Journ
al
of
Exp
osu
reA
naly
sis
and
Envir
onm
enta
lE
pid
emio
logy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
56224
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2D
eta
iled
sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy,
except
no
stora
ge
dura
tion
or
calibra
tion
pro
cedure
sre
port
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3O
ver
15
years
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1O
ver
90
indiv
iduals
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
sam
ple
snot
linked
tosp
ecifi
cconsu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
,m
issi
ng
min
imum
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1C
om
pari
son
tooth
er
studie
s.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
13
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Murr
ay,
A.
J.,R
iley
,J.
P..
1973.
Occ
urr
ence
of
som
ech
lori
nate
daliphati
chydro
carb
ons
inth
een
vir
onm
ent.
Natu
re.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
75108
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4sa
mpling
meth
ods,
equip
ments
,and
any
oth
er
info
rmati
on
are
mis
sed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3G
C-E
CD
isuse
d.
calibra
tion,
LO
D,
recovery
sam
ple
sare
not
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
sam
ple
size
ism
odera
te(6
sam
ple
).no
replicate
sam
ple
s.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
sam
ple
sare
collecte
dfr
om
the
Nort
hE
ast
Atl
anti
c.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
No
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3N
odesc
ripti
on
of
QA
/Q
C.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
no
dis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
y/U
ncert
ain
ty
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.7
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,on
eof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
14
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Kost
iain
en,
R..
1995.
Vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inth
ein
door
air
of
norm
al
and
sick
house
s.A
tmosp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
76241
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2T
he
meth
od
of
sam
pling
isw
ell
dis
cri
bed.
But
its
dura
tion
isnot
dis
cri
bed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
No
bio
mark
er
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
Enough
num
ber
of
sam
ple
s(50
norm
al
house
sand
38
”si
ck”
house
s),
but
no
menti
on
of
replicate
s.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Data
most
lypre
sente
das
sum
mary
stati
stic
s.B
ut
just
part
of
raw
data
issh
ow
n.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
uality
ass
ura
nce
isnot
dir
ectl
ydis
cuss
ed
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
15
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Wei
ssflog,
L.,E
lansk
y,N
.,P
utz
,E
.,K
rueg
er,
G.,L
ange,
C.
A.,L
isit
zina,
L.,P
fennig
sdorff
,A
..2004.
Tri
chlo
roace
tic
aci
din
the
veg
etati
on
ofp
ollute
dand
rem
ote
are
as
ofb
oth
hem
ispher
es-
Part
II:Salt
lakes
as
nov
elso
urc
esofnatu
ralch
loro
hydro
carb
ons.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
104106
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
isdesc
rib
ed
and
dis
cuss
ed.
besi
des,
som
ein
fom
ati
on
of
equip
ments
or
sam
pling
stra
ge
condit
ions
are
mis
sed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
isdesc
rib
ed
and
dis
cuss
ed.
besi
des,
som
ein
form
ati
on
of
inst
rum
ents
or
recovery
sam
ple
sare
mis
sed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15yrs
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
less
dis
cuss
an
use
of
repli
cate
sam
ple
s.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
The
info
rmati
on
of
surf
ace
wate
ris
dis
cri
bed.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
raw
data
.le
ssin
form
ati
on
of
sum
mary
of
data
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3no
dis
cuss
ion
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
uncert
ain
tyis
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.1
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
16
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Adgate
,J.
L.,C
hurc
h,
T.
R.,R
yan,
A.
D.,R
am
ach
andra
n,
G.,F
redri
ckso
n,
A.
L.,Sto
ck,
T.
H.,M
ora
ndi,
M.
T.,Sex
ton,
K..
2004.
Outd
oor,
indoor,
and
per
sonal
exp
osu
reto
VO
Cs
inch
ildre
n.
Envir
onm
enta
lH
ealt
hP
ersp
ecti
ves
.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
632310
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2st
ora
ge
condit
ions
and
dura
tions
not
pro
vid
ed
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3D
idnot
actu
ally
pro
vid
eth
edete
cti
on
lim
it,
alt
hough
the
did
dis
cuss
how
they
handle
dL
OD
valu
es.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
years
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sH
igh
1M
etri
c9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2no
recoveri
es
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
No
CV
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
17
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ohura
,T
.,A
magai,
T.,Sen
ga,
Y.,F
usa
ya,
M..
2006.
Org
anic
air
polluta
nts
insi
de
and
outs
ide
resi
den
ces
inShim
izu,
Japan:
Lev
els,
sourc
esand
risk
s.Sci
ence
of
the
Tota
lE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
632484
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2no
stora
ge
dura
tion,
pass
ive
sam
ple
rs
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2pass
ive
sam
pling
were
linearl
ycorr
ela
ted
wit
hth
econcentr
a-
tions
measu
red
by
acti
ve
sam
pling,
calibra
tion
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Good
recoveri
es.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1ja
pan
Met
ric
5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
yrs
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
124
hr
sam
ple
s,la
rge
sam
ple
size
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1Q
uest
ionair
reon
Sele
cte
dso
cio
dem
ogra
phic
chara
cte
rist
ics
and
exp
osu
re-
rela
ted
att
ribute
s
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
indiv
idual
sam
ple
s.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
lab
and
field
bla
nks,
recoveri
es
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1A
ssess
ed
facto
rsin
fluences
exp
osu
res
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
18
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Zura
imi,
M.
S.,T
ham
,K
.W
..2008.
Eff
ects
of
child
care
cente
rven
tila
tion
stra
tegie
son
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
of
indoor
and
outd
oor
ori
gin
s.E
nvir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
632758
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
For
each
CC
C,
an
indoor
(main
cla
ssro
om
)and
an
outd
oor
sam
pling
poin
tw
ere
ran-
dom
lyse
lecte
dfo
rsi
mult
aneous
air
sam
pling.
Indoor
sam
-plings
were
perf
orm
ed
inth
em
iddle
of
the
cla
ssro
om
near
the
bre
ath
ing
zone
of
childre
n(a
ppro
xim
ate
ly0.5
”0.7
m).
De-
signed
toevalu
ate
the
”ty
pic
al”
levels
of
VO
Cs
tow
hic
hth
epre
school
childre
nin
each
CC
Care
exp
ose
d,
sam
plings
were
conducte
din
the
mid
dle
of
the
week
and
duri
ng
the
day
from
8am
to5
pm
(sam
pling
inte
rvalof9
h).
For
noncarb
onyls
,V
OC
sw
ere
acti
vely
sam
ple
dusi
ng
asa
mpling
pum
p(A
PB
uck
Inc.)
onto
pre
condit
ioned
Tenax
TA
sorb
ent
tub
es.
Duplicate
flow
rate
sw
ere
set
at
5and
10
mL
min
-1.
For
carb
onyls
,duplicate
air
sam
ple
sw
ere
pum
ped
thro
ugh
DN
PH
cart
ridges
(Sup
elc
o)
usi
ng
anoth
er
sam
pling
pum
pat
flow
rate
sof
0.5
and
1L
min
-1.
Flo
wra
tes
were
measu
red
befo
reand
aft
er
sam
pling
usi
ng
the
min
iB
uck
air
flow
calibra
tor
(AP
Buck
Inc.)
.D
eta
ils
of
the
sam
ple
collecti
on,
analy
sis
and
QA
/Q
Ccan
be
found
inth
eSupp
ort
ing
Info
rmati
on.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
The
sam
ple
dV
OC
son
Tenax
tub
es
were
deso
rbed
usi
ng
an
auto
mate
dth
erm
al
des-
orb
er
(Perk
in-E
lmer)
,se
para
ted
usi
ng
agas
chro
mato
gra
ph
(Agilent)
and
analy
zed
usi
ng
am
ass
sele
cti
ve
dete
cto
r(A
gi-
lent)
.For
carb
onyls
,th
eanaly
tes
were
elu
ted
usi
ng
aceto
ni-
trile
and
analy
zed
usi
ng
ahig
hp
erf
orm
ance
liquid
chro
mato
g-
raphy
equip
ped
wit
ha
dio
de
arr
ay
dete
cto
r(A
gilent)
.For
every
CC
C,
afield
and
lab
ora
tory
bla
nk
isem
plo
yed.
VO
Cs
wit
hm
easu
red
valu
es
low
er
than
their
meth
od
dete
cti
on
lim
it(M
DL
)w
ere
ass
igned
toa
valu
ehalf
of
the
MD
L.
Deta
ils
of
the
sam
ple
collecti
on,
analy
sis
and
QA
/Q
Ccan
be
found
inth
eSupp
ort
ing
Info
rmati
on.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
isnot
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1Sin
gap
ore
Met
ric
5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2>
5to
15
years
(2007
pub
date
)
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
19
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Zura
imi,
M.
S.,T
ham
,K
.W
..2008.
Eff
ects
of
child
care
cente
rven
tila
tion
stra
tegie
son
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
of
indoor
and
outd
oor
ori
gin
s.E
nvir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
632758
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1H
igh
num
ber
of
sam
ple
s,duplicate
s.Sam
pling
num
bers
pro
-vid
ed
for
each
venti
lati
on
stra
tegy.
Inth
isst
udy,A
CM
VC
CC
s(N
=5)
are
defined
as
those
wit
ha
dedic
ate
dor
share
dair
han-
dling
unit
,filt
rati
on
and
fresh
air
pro
vis
ion
(typic
ally
ab
out
10
perc
ent
of
tota
lair
change),
HB
CC
Cs
(N=
21),
those
that
incorp
ora
teair
condit
ionin
gfo
ra
port
ion
of
the
day
(typic
ally
2h)
and
rely
ing
on
natu
ral
venti
lati
on
at
oth
er
tim
es,
NV
CC
Cs
(N=
59),
those
that
rely
on
op
en
win
dow
sonly
for
ven-
tila
tion
and
AC
CC
Cs
(N=
19),
those
that
incorp
ora
tesp
lit
unit
air
-condit
ioners
wit
hout
any
pro
vis
ion
of
fresh
air
.D
ur-
ing
insp
ecti
ons,
itw
as
found
that
there
were
room
sin
som
eN
VC
CC
sw
hic
hw
ere
air
condit
ioned.
For
these
CC
Cs
(N=
19),
an
indoor
air
locati
on
inth
eN
Vro
om
and
anoth
er
inth
eA
Cro
om
were
measu
red
sim
ult
aneousl
ym
akin
git
ato
tal
of
123
sam
ple
s.Supp
ort
ing
Info
rmati
on
(SI)
Table
S1
pro
vid
es
ade-
scri
pti
ve
sum
mary
of
the
CC
Cs
chara
cte
rist
ics.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Sin
gap
ore
isa
tropic
al
cit
y,
where
the
venti
lati
on
stra
tegie
sadopte
dby
the
child
care
cente
rs(C
CC
s)can
be
cla
ssifi
ed
as
natu
rally
venti
late
d(N
V),
hybri
d(c
om
bin
ati
on
of
natu
ralven-
tila
tion
and
air
condit
ionin
g)
venti
late
d(H
B),
air
-condit
ioned
and
mech
anic
ally
venti
late
d(A
CM
V),
and
air
-condit
ioned
but
wit
hout
venti
lati
on
(AC
).In
this
art
icle
,w
epre
sent
the
exp
o-
sure
sand
risk
of
indoor
VO
Cs,
their
sourc
es,
and
the
impact
of
venti
lati
on
stra
tegie
sin
anati
onw
ide
study
involv
ing
104
repre
senta
tive
CC
Cs
inSin
gap
ore
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Supple
menta
ryIn
foavailable
but
not
pro
vid
ed;
request
ed
for
extr
acti
on.
Table
1re
port
sin
door
air
concentr
ati
ons
of
TC
Eand
PE
RC
inC
CC
sw
ith
diff
ere
nt
venti
lati
on
stra
tegie
s.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2For
every
CC
C,
afield
and
lab
ora
tory
bla
nk
isem
plo
yed.
VO
Cs
wit
hm
easu
red
valu
es
low
er
than
their
meth
od
dete
c-
tion
lim
it(M
DL
)w
ere
ass
igned
toa
valu
ehalf
of
the
MD
L.
Deta
ils
of
the
sam
ple
collecti
on,
analy
sis
and
QA
/Q
Ccan
be
found
inth
eSupp
ort
ing
Info
rmati
on.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
ty
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
20
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Zura
imi,
M.
S.,T
ham
,K
.W
..2008.
Eff
ects
of
child
care
cente
rven
tila
tion
stra
tegie
son
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
of
indoor
and
outd
oor
ori
gin
s.E
nvir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
632758
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Met
ric
10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Because
regula
tory
decis
ions
are
base
don
risk
evalu
ati
ons,
itis
imp
ort
ant
toknow
how
CC
Cventi
lati
on
stra
tegie
sgiv
eri
seto
diff
eri
ng
risk
sest
imate
sof
VO
Cexp
osu
res.
How
ever,
giv
en
the
larg
euncert
ain
ties
inri
skcalc
ula
tions,
itis
diffi
cult
toasc
ert
ain
signifi
cant
diff
ere
nces
betw
een
est
imate
dcancer
risk
s.A
ssum
pti
ons
use
dby
the
U.S
.E
nvir
onm
enta
lP
rote
c-
tion
Agency
and
the
Offi
ce
of
Envir
onm
enta
lH
ealt
hH
azard
Ass
ess
ment
such
as
standard
body
weig
ht
and
avera
ge
bre
ath
-in
gra
tem
ay
not
reflect
the
vari
abilit
yof
the
popula
tion
at
larg
eand
specifi
cdiff
ere
nces
betw
een
adult
sand
childre
nand
betw
een
Caucasi
ans
and
Asi
ans.
Als
o,
toxic
ity
info
rmati
on
ob-
tain
ed
from
studie
susi
ng
anim
als
have
uncert
ain
tyre
late
dto
extr
ap
ola
tions
from
hig
hdose
sfo
ranim
als
tolo
whum
an
ex-
posu
res.
Indeed,
info
rmati
on
pro
vid
ing
confidence
inte
rvals
for
cancer
pote
ncy
est
imate
sare
still
not
available
.D
esp
ite
these
ass
um
pti
ons
whic
hm
ay
bia
sth
eest
imate
s,th
em
edia
nvalu
es
pro
vid
ea
good
indic
ati
on
of
the
rela
tive
risk
levels
am
ong
at-
tendin
gch
ildre
nin
CC
Cs
wit
hdiff
ere
nt
venti
lati
on
stra
tegie
s.A
lso,analy
ses
of
risk
ass
ess
ment
use
din
this
study
can
pro
vid
ein
sight
not
only
ab
out
the
hig
h-r
isk
VO
Cs,
but
als
oab
out
the
dom
inant
sourc
es
of
their
exp
osu
res,
whic
hcan
allow
pro
per
mit
igati
on
stra
tegie
sfo
rm
ore
eff
ecti
ve
means
of
exp
osu
rere
-ducti
on.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
21
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Yam
am
oto
,K
.,F
ukush
ima,
M.,K
akuta
ni,
N.,K
uro
da,
K..
1997.
Vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inurb
an
river
sand
thei
res
tuari
esin
Osa
ka,
Japan.
Envir
onm
enta
lP
olluti
on.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
645789
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
od
dis
cuss
ed,
but
does
not
indic
ate
ifit
isa
standard
meth
od.
Sam
ple
sst
ore
dre
frig
era
ted
unti
lanaly
sis.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
GC
/M
S.
EP
AM
eth
od
524.2
Mean
accura
cy,
the
pre
cis
ion
&m
eth
od
dete
cti
on
lim
its
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
N/A
N/A
>20
years
(1993-1
995)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1L
arg
esa
mple
size;
30
wate
rsa
mple
scollecte
dfr
om
30
site
s;sa
mple
ddiff
ere
nt
month
s&
years
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1Sit
edesc
ripti
on
and
sam
pling
site
spro
vid
ed
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
No
supple
menta
lor
raw
data
rep
ort
ed;
levels
are
rep
ort
ed
inF
igure
1
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2M
ean
accura
cy,
pre
cis
ion
and
meth
od
dete
cti
on
lim
its
cit
ed.
No
contr
ol
sam
ple
s?
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Dis
cuss
ion
on
reaso
ns
for
dis
trib
uti
on
patt
ern
sof
DC
M.
TC
Eand
PE
RC
have
sim
ilar
dis
trib
uti
on
patt
ern
s.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
22
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Am
ara
l,O
.C
.,O
tero
,R
.,G
rim
alt
,J.
O.,A
lbaig
es,
J..
1996.
Vola
tile
and
sem
i-vola
tile
org
anoch
lori
ne
com
pounds
inta
pand
river
ine
wate
rsin
the
are
aof
influen
ceof
ach
lori
nate
dorg
anic
solv
ent
fact
ory
.W
ate
rR
esea
rch.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
658643
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15ty
s
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yU
nacc
epta
ble
4sa
mple
size
of
SW
isnot
dis
cri
bed.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
The
scenari
oof
surf
ace
wate
ris
dis
cri
bed.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
not
raw
data
,and
som
edeta
iled
info
rmati
on
of
stati
stic
sare
mis
sed.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
uncert
ain
tyand
vari
abilit
yare
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.0
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,on
eof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
23
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Mart
inez
,E
.,L
lob
et,
I.,L
aco
rte,
S.,V
iana,
P.,B
arc
elo,
D..
2002.
Patt
erns
and
level
sof
halo
gen
ate
dvola
tile
com
pounds
inP
ort
ugues
esu
rface
wate
rs.
Journ
al
of
Envir
onm
enta
lM
onit
ori
ng.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
659075
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
gla
ssvia
ls,
port
able
freezer,
analy
zed
wit
hin
15
days
of
col-
lecti
on.
Use
danaly
tical
meth
od
EP
AM
eth
od
502
soass
um
ed
use
da
pre
serv
ati
ve.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
EP
AM
eth
od
502
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31999-2
000
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
644
sam
ple
s,but
not
menti
on
of
replicate
/duplicate
sam
ple
s.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
surf
ace
wate
rin
scop
e-
sea,
est
uari
ne,
river
wate
rand
indus-
tria
leffl
uents
-how
ever
not
inU
Sand
old
er.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
standard
devia
tion
.M
ean
infigure
only
.N
ora
wdata
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Recovery
of
93-9
5p
erc
ent,
R2
=0.9
9.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
SD
,did
not
dis
cus
any
uncert
ain
itie
s.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
24
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Huybre
chts
,T
.,D
ewulf
,J.,V
an
Langen
hov
e,H
..2005.
Pri
ori
tyvola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
insu
rface
wate
rsof
the
south
ern
Nort
hSea
.E
nvir
onm
enta
lP
olluti
on.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
660096
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
stora
ge
tem
pand
dura
tion
pro
vid
ed,
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2P
revio
usl
ydesc
rib
ed
els
ew
here
.,but
robust
desc
ripti
on
pro
-vid
ed.
GC
-MS.
dete
cti
on
lim
itpro
vid
ed.
Recoveri
es
for
surr
o-
gate
spro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31998-2
000
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
147
sam
ple
s.R
eplicate
sam
ple
suse
d.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
appro
pri
ate
mediu
m,
but
old
er
data
and
not
US
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
or
supple
menta
ldata
,but
they
pro
vid
ed
robust
stati
stic
s
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Follow
ed
QU
ASI-
ME
ME
guid
elines.
deta
iled
measu
res
de-
scri
bed
els
ew
here
.T
his
isa
Euro
pean
standard
,so
the
as-
sum
pti
on
isth
at
ifappro
pri
ate
measu
res
were
adopte
din
all
steps
of
the
pro
cess
,th
en
the
QA
should
be
at
ahig
hle
vel.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
dis
cuss
ed
poss
ible
reaso
ns
for
vari
ati
on.
No
standard
devia
tion
pro
vid
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
25
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Sex
ton,K
.,M
ongin
,S.J.,A
dgate
,J.L
.,P
ratt
,G
.C
.,R
am
ach
andra
n,G
.,Sto
ck,T
.H
.,M
ora
ndi,
M.T
..2007.
Est
imati
ng
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pound
conce
ntr
ati
ons
inse
lect
edm
icro
envir
onm
ents
usi
ng
tim
e-act
ivit
yand
per
sonal
exp
osu
redata
.Journ
al
of
Tox
icolo
gy
and
Envir
onm
enta
lH
ealt
h,
Part
A:
Curr
ent
Issu
es.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
730121
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
3M
model
3500
org
anic
vap
or
monit
ors
(3500
OV
Ms)
,w
hic
hare
charc
oal-
base
dpass
ive
air
sam
ple
rs.A
more
deta
iled
de-
scri
pti
on
of
the
study
desi
gn
and
resu
lts
was
publish
ed
pre
vi-
ousl
y(S
exto
net
al.,
2004a,
2004b;
Pra
ttet
al.,
2004,
2005).
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2G
Cw
ith
an
HP
5972
MS
dete
cto
r,A
naly
tical
and
inte
rnal
standard
sw
ere
pre
pare
d,
and
VO
Cconcentr
ati
ons
were
calc
u-
late
das
desc
rib
ed
pre
vio
usl
y
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31999
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1333
sam
ple
s,so
me
dups
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Inddor
air
,but
not
consu
mer
specifi
c
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Good
sum
mary
stati
stic
s;how
ever,
no
raw
/su
pple
menta
rydata
avail
able
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2D
uplicate
O,I,
and
Pbadges
were
collecte
dp
eri
odic
ally
duri
ng
the
study
(tota
ln
=80),
and
corr
ela
tion
coeffi
cie
nts
were
>.9
4fo
rall
indiv
idual
VO
C.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1N
ot
random
sam
ple
,one
are
a,
are
has
know
nlo
wV
OC
out-
doors
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
26
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Sex
ton,K
.,M
ongin
,S.J.,A
dgate
,J.L
.,P
ratt
,G
.C
.,R
am
ach
andra
n,G
.,Sto
ck,T
.H
.,M
ora
ndi,
M.T
..2007.
Est
imati
ng
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pound
conce
ntr
ati
ons
inse
lect
edm
icro
envir
onm
ents
usi
ng
tim
e-act
ivit
yand
per
sonal
exp
osu
redata
.Journ
al
of
Tox
icolo
gy
and
Envir
onm
enta
lH
ealt
h,
Part
A:
Curr
ent
Issu
es.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
730121
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
27
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Billionnet
,C
.,G
ay,
E.,K
irch
ner
,S.,L
eynaer
t,B
.,A
nnes
i-M
aes
ano,
I..
2011.
Quanti
tati
ve
ass
essm
ents
of
indoor
air
polluti
on
and
resp
irato
ryhea
lth
ina
popula
tion-b
ase
dsa
mple
of
Fre
nch
dw
ellings.
Envir
onm
enta
lR
esea
rch.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
733119
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2P
ass
ive
sam
ple
rs.
Only
lim
ited
deta
ils
pro
vid
ed,
but
more
info
incom
panio
ndoc
(Ram
alh
oeta
l.,2
006).
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2G
Cw
ith
FID
/M
S..
Few
deta
ils
pro
vid
ed.
but
more
info
incom
panio
ndoc
(Ram
alh
oeta
l.,2
006).
LO
Dis
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
22003-2
005
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1490
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
of
house
hold
s,not
specifi
cto
aconsu
mer
pro
duct.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
.no
SD
/C
V.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Im
plied,
no
deta
ils
pro
vid
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1L
imit
ati
ons
rep
ort
ed,
chara
cte
rist
ics
of
popula
tion
rep
ort
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
28
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chao,
C.
Y.,C
han,
G.
Y..
2001.
Quanti
fica
tion
of
indoor
VO
Cs
intw
enty
mec
hanic
ally
ven
tila
ted
buildin
gs
inH
ong
Kong.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
824555
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2no
recoveri
es,
EP
Am
eth
od
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
yrs
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
10
sam
ple
s,4
hr
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
fore
ign
countr
y,
not
dir
ectl
ylinked
toconsu
mer
pro
ducts
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3D
idn’t
dis
cuss
QC
,but
use
dst
andard
meth
ods
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
SD
pro
vid
ed,
com
pare
dre
sult
sb
etw
een
locati
ons
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
29
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Kost
op
oulo
u,
M.
N.,G
olfi
nop
oulo
s,S.
K.,N
ikola
ou,
A.
D.,X
ilourg
idis
,N
.K
.,L
ekka
s,T
.D
..2000.
Vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inth
esu
rface
wate
rsof
nort
her
nG
reec
e.C
hem
osp
her
e.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1024859
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3Sam
ple
scollecte
d>
15
years
ago
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1W
ate
rsa
mple
sw
ere
collecte
dfr
om
four
rivers
and
five
lakes
inth
ere
gio
nof
Nort
hern
Gre
ece,
seaso
nally,
four
tim
es
per
year.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Clo
sely
repre
sents
rele
vant
exp
osu
resc
enari
o,
except
it’s
not
the
US
popula
tion.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Sum
mary
data
rep
ort
ed
wit
hst
ati
stic
s;ra
wdata
not
rep
ort
ed
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
ty
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
30
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
X.
M.
Wu,
M.
G.
Apte
,R
.M
addale
na,
D.
H.
Ben
net
t.2011.
Vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
insm
all-
and
med
ium
-siz
edco
mm
erci
al
buildin
gs
inC
alifo
rnia
.E
nvir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1062239
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
EP
Am
eth
od
TO
-17;
GC
-MSC
oncentr
ati
ons
belo
wM
DL
were
repla
ced
wit
h1/2
MD
L,
while
for
sam
ple
sb
etw
een
the
MD
Land
the
analy
tical
lim
itof
quanti
ficati
on
(LO
Q),
dete
rmin
ed
as
10
tim
es
the
standard
devia
tion
of
low
-level
spik
es,
were
rep
ort
ed
as
the
valu
edete
rmin
ed
inth
ela
bora
tory
.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
isnot
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2>
5yrs
old
(2011
pub)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
indoor
air
study.
but
not
cosu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
the
resu
ltof
concentr
ati
on
for
each
chem
icals
issu
mm
ari
zed.
But
no
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
dis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
yis
lim
ited.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
31
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
S.
N.
Sax,
D.
H.
Ben
net
t,S.
N.
Chillr
ud,
P.
L.
Kin
ney
,J.
D.
Sp
engle
r.2004.
Diff
eren
ces
inso
urc
eem
issi
on
rate
sof
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inin
ner
-cit
yre
siden
ces
of
New
York
Cit
yand
Los
Angel
es.
Journ
al
of
Exp
osu
reA
naly
sis
and
Envir
onm
enta
lE
pid
emio
logy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1066049
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
The
sam
pling
and
analy
tical
meth
ods
are
desc
rib
ed
inU
SE
PA
”s
Com
pendiu
mM
eth
od
TO
-17.
Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
See
Stu
dy
Desi
gn.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
The
sam
pling
and
analy
tical
meth
ods
are
desc
rib
ed
inU
SE
PA
”s
Com
pendiu
mM
eth
od
TO
-17.
GC
-MSD
.L
OD
sre
-p
ort
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
isnot
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1N
YC
,N
Y(H
arl
em
)and
Los
Angele
s,C
A(S
outh
Centr
al,
LA
)
Met
ric
5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
years
(N
YC
:w
inte
rand
sum
mer
1999
and
Los
Angele
s:fa
lland
win
ter
2000)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1la
rge
sam
ple
size
(36
sam
ple
s);
duplicate
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Measu
rem
ents
were
conducte
din
ab
out
40
hom
es
ineach
of
the
two
cit
ies
acro
sstw
ose
aso
ns.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
supple
menta
lor
raw
data
.Sum
mary
stats
for
indoor
air
pro
vid
ed
inT
able
3.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2F
ield
and
lab
ora
tory
bla
nks
were
collecte
d,
wit
heach
tota
ling
at
least
10
perc
ent
of
the
num
ber
of
sam
ple
s.F
ield
bla
nks
were
transp
ort
ed
and
handle
dlike
regula
rsa
mple
s,but
were
not
att
ach
ed
topum
ps
.F
ield
bla
nks
were
use
dto
dete
rmin
eback
gro
und
conta
min
ati
on
and
for
calc
ula
tion
ofm
eth
od
lim
its
of
dete
cti
on
(LO
Ds)
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
ty
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
32
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
S.
N.
Sax,
D.
H.
Ben
net
t,S.
N.
Chillr
ud,
P.
L.
Kin
ney
,J.
D.
Sp
engle
r.2004.
Diff
eren
ces
inso
urc
eem
issi
on
rate
sof
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inin
ner
-cit
yre
siden
ces
of
New
York
Cit
yand
Los
Angel
es.
Journ
al
of
Exp
osu
reA
naly
sis
and
Envir
onm
enta
lE
pid
emio
logy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1066049
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Met
ric
10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1In
door”
outd
oor
rela
tionsh
ips
as
well
as
SE
Rs
were
calc
ula
ted
for
each
hom
eand
sourc
es
of
vari
abilit
yin
the
data
were
ex-
am
ined.
Betw
een
hom
es,
vari
abilit
ym
ay
be
due
todiff
ere
nces
inhousi
ng
chara
cte
rist
ics,
buildin
gm
ate
rials
,use
and
stora
ge
of
house
hold
pro
ducts
,and
AE
Rs.
Betw
een
cit
ies,
vari
abilit
ycan
be
ass
ocia
ted
wit
hdiff
ere
nces
inam
bie
nt
em
issi
on
sourc
es
and
mete
oro
logic
al
patt
ern
s.A
lso,
seaso
nal
vari
abilit
yw
ithin
each
cit
ycan
be
due
todiff
ere
nt
mete
oro
logic
alpatt
ern
sin
dif
-fe
rent
seaso
ns,
whic
hin
turn
aff
ect
AE
R,
envir
onm
enta
lch
em
-is
try,
em
issi
on
rate
s,and
envir
onm
enta
ldis
pers
ion
rate
s.B
ydete
rmin
ing
the
vari
abilit
yin
both
indoor”
outd
oor
rela
tion-
ship
sand
SE
Rs,
we
can
gain
ab
ett
er
unders
tandin
gof
indoor
contr
ibuti
ons
tohum
an
exp
osu
res.
The
degre
eof
uncert
ain
tyass
ocia
ted
wit
hm
easu
rem
ent
err
or
was
als
ocalc
ula
ted
for
the
est
imate
dem
issi
on
rate
sand
this
uncert
ain
tyw
as
com
pare
dto
the
inhere
nt
vari
abilit
y.
We
dis
cuss
the
implicati
on
of
this
uncert
ain
tyon
pre
dic
ting
em
issi
on
rate
sof
VO
Cs
inhom
es.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
33
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Robin
son,
K.
W.,F
lanagan,
S.
M.,A
yott
e,J.
D.,C
am
po,
K.
W.,C
halm
ers,
A..
2004.
Wate
rQ
uality
inth
eN
ewE
ngla
nd
Coast
al
Basi
ns,
Main
e,N
ewH
am
psh
ire,
Mass
ach
use
tts,
and
Rhode
Isla
nd,
1999-2
001.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1391354
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
NA
WQ
Apro
tocols
for
fixed-s
ite
sam
pling
are
desi
gned
toas-
sess
the
spati
al
and
tem
pora
ldis
trib
uti
on
of
wate
rquality
inre
lati
on
tovari
ous
stre
am
flow
condit
ions
and
consi
stof
wate
r-quality
sam
ple
collecti
on
at
each
fixed
site
month
lyor
more
frequentl
y(G
illiom
and
oth
ers
,1995).
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3U
SG
Sla
b,
but
no
deta
ils
inth
isre
port
on
the
inss
trum
ents
.”A
lloth
er
wate
r-quality
sam
ple
sw
ere
ship
ped
toth
eU
SG
SN
ati
onalW
ate
r-Q
uality
Lab
ora
tory
(NW
QL
)in
Denver,
Colo
.,fo
ranaly
sis.
”
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3Sam
ple
scollecte
d>
15
years
ago
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
TC
Eand
PE
RC
measu
red
and
media
nconcentr
ati
ons
pre
-se
nte
din
gra
phs
(Fig
14,
19);
so,
diffi
cult
toextr
act.
Raw
data
may
be
available
inre
fere
nced
rep
ort
s,or
app
endix
3.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
ty
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
34
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
van
de
Mee
nt,
D.,D
enH
ollander
,H
.A
.,P
ool,
W.
G.,V
reden
bre
gt,
M.
J.,va
nO
ers,
H.
A.
M.,de
Gre
ef,
E.,L
uij
ten,
J.
a.
1986.
Org
anic
mic
rop
olluta
nts
inD
utc
hco
ast
al
wate
rs.
Wate
rSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1441544
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2calibra
tion,
stora
ge
condit
ions
are
mis
sed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4T
he
analy
tical
meth
od
for
PE
RC
and
TC
Eis
not
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31986,>
15
yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
study
of
Dutc
hcoast
al
wate
r.not
US.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
,dete
cti
on
frequency
not
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
A/Q
Cis
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
uncert
ain
tyis
few
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.2
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,on
eof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
35
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Jia
,C
.,B
att
erm
an,
S.,G
odw
in,
C..
2008.
VO
Cs
inin
dust
rial,
urb
an
and
suburb
an
nei
ghb
orh
oods,
Part
1:
Indoor
and
outd
oor
conce
ntr
ati
ons,
vari
ati
on,
and
risk
dri
ver
s.A
tmosp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1488206
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2sa
mpling
site
sand
meth
ods
are
well
desc
rib
ed.
but
sam
ple
rcalibra
tion
isnot
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2in
stru
ment
calibra
tion
isnot
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
not
bio
mark
er
study
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2Sam
ple
sw
ere
collecte
din
2004
and
2005(>
5yrs
old
)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
indoor
air
study.
but
no
desc
ripti
on
of
consu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
for
TC
Eor
perc
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
A/Q
Cis
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
36
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
He,
Z.,Y
ang,
G.
P.,L
u,
X.
L..
2013.
Dis
trib
uti
ons
and
sea-t
o-a
irfluxes
of
vola
tile
halo
carb
ons
inth
eE
ast
Chin
aSea
inea
rly
win
ter.
Chem
osp
her
e.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1940132
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Sam
ple
collecti
on
meth
od,
bott
lety
pe,
stora
ge
condit
ions,
and
stora
ge
dura
tion
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
GC
-EC
D.
rete
nti
on
tim
es,
dete
cti
on
lim
its
pro
vid
ed,
calibra
-ti
on
standard
sdis
cuss
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2C
ruis
ew
as
in2010.
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1A
bout
40
sam
pling
stati
ons.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Chin
a,
not
US.
Locati
on
on
map
pro
vid
ed.
Oth
er
para
mete
rscollecte
dsu
chas
surf
ace
seaw
ate
rte
mp
era
ture
and
salinit
y,
were
obta
ined
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
.ra
nge
and
mean
rep
ort
ed,
but
no
SD
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2Sto
rage
stabilit
yass
ess
ed.
Use
of
bla
nks
for
LO
Qdete
rmin
a-
tion.
No
recovery
resu
lts
pro
vid
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1D
esc
rib
ed
reaso
ns
for
vari
abilit
y,
but
no
SD
pro
vid
ed,
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
37
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Kust
er,
M.,D
ıaz-
Cru
z,S.,R
ose
ll,
M.,L
op
ezde
Ald
a,
M.,B
arc
elo,
D..
2010.
Fate
of
sele
cted
pes
tici
des
,es
trogen
s,pro
ges
togen
sand
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
duri
ng
art
ifici
al
aquif
erre
charg
eusi
ng
surf
ace
wate
rs.
Chem
osp
her
e.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1940784
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2no
calu
bra
tion
isdesc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2>
5yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yU
nacc
epta
ble
4ju
stone
sam
ple
issh
ow
nfo
rla
ke.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
inta
ke
from
lake
or
river
wate
r.not
US.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
dis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
y/uncert
ain
tyis
quit
elim
ited.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.0
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,on
eof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
38
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
McD
onald
,T
.J.,K
ennic
utt
MC
,I.
I.,B
rooks,
J.
M..
1988.
VO
LA
TIL
EO
RG
AN
ICC
OM
PO
UN
DS
AT
AC
OA
ST
AL
GU
LF
OF
ME
XIC
OSIT
E.
Chem
osp
her
e.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
1946098
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3sa
mpling
equip
ment
isdesc
rib
ed(G
lass
conta
iners
).desc
rip-
tion
of
stora
ge
dura
tion,
sam
pling
meth
od,
and
calibra
tion
islim
ited.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3analy
ticalcondit
ions
are
desc
rib
ed.
No
info
rmati
on
of
recovery
or
calibra
tion
isse
rved.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
single
sam
ple
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
the
meanin
gof
dash
inta
ble
3is
uncle
ar.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
A/Q
Cis
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Valu
abilit
y/U
ncert
ain
tyis
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.4
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
39
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Gokhale
,S.,K
ohajd
a,
T.,Sch
link,
U.
we.
2008.
Sourc
eapp
ort
ionm
ent
of
hum
an
per
sonal
exp
osu
reto
vola
tile
org
anic
com
-p
ounds
inhom
es,
offi
ces
and
outd
oors
by
chem
ical
mass
bala
nce
and
gen
etic
alg
ori
thm
rece
pto
rm
odel
s.Sci
ence
of
the
Tota
lE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2095308
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2C
alibra
tion
and
air
flow
rate
snot
dis
cuss
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4T
here
isno
menti
on
of
analy
tical
meth
ods
use
d,
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
No
bio
monit
ori
ng
sam
ple
s
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
32001
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1over
600
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Sourc
eapp
ort
ionm
ent
betw
een
indoor,
outd
oor
and
offi
ce,
but
not
dir
ectl
yti
ed
toconsu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
Only
avera
ge
concentr
ati
on
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
No
menti
on
of
QA
/Q
C.
No
menti
on
of
analy
tical
meth
od.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.1
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,on
eof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
40
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
He,
Z.,Y
ang,
G.,L
u,
X.,Z
hang,
H..
2013.
Dis
trib
uti
ons
and
sea-t
o-a
irfluxes
of
chlo
rofo
rm,
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne,
tetr
ach
loro
ethy-
lene,
chlo
rodib
rom
om
ethane
and
bro
mofo
rmin
the
Yel
low
Sea
and
the
East
Chin
aSea
duri
ng
spri
ng.
Envir
onm
enta
lP
olluti
on.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2128010
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2N
ost
andard
meth
od,
but
deta
ils
pro
vid
ed.
Sam
ple
sanaly
zed
imm
edia
tely
aft
er
collecti
on.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2sa
mple
sanaly
zed
on
board
ship
-not
at
ast
andard
lab
ora
tory
.no
standard
meth
od,
but
deta
ils
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
22011
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
153
gri
dsa
mpling
stati
ons
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1lo
cati
on
chara
cte
rized.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.R
ange
and
mean
pro
vid
ed
inte
xt.
No
SD
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Accura
cy
of
5of
18
perc
ent,
bla
nks,
calibra
tion
of
equip
ment
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
dis
cuss
ed
corr
ela
tions
wit
hocean
para
mete
rs.
No
SD
pro
vid
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
41
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Su,
F.C
.,M
ukher
jee,
B.,B
att
erm
an,
S..
2013.
Det
erm
inants
of
per
sonal,
indoor
and
outd
oor
VO
Cco
nce
ntr
ati
ons:
An
analy
sis
of
the
RIO
PA
data
.E
nvir
onm
enta
lR
esea
rch.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2128575
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
ple
scollecte
das
part
of
RIO
PA
study.P
ass
ive
sam
ple
rs,
48
hr
collecti
on
peri
ods,
Deta
ils
desc
rib
ed
els
ew
here
.M
ediu
mb
ecause
only
few
deta
ils
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2M
eth
od
desc
rib
ed
els
ew
here
.G
C/M
Suse
d.
LO
Dpro
vid
ed.
Mediu
mb
ecause
deta
ils
not
pro
vid
ed
toveri
fy.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
yrs
(1999
to2001)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1310
house
hold
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
,but
not
dir
ectl
yre
late
dto
consu
mer
pro
duct
use
.convenie
nce
sam
ple
may
have
over
sam
ple
soutd
oor
em
issi
on
sourc
es.
3U
Scit
ies
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
pro
vid
ed
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2calibra
tion,
bla
nks
etc
not
menti
oned.
But
they
did
indic
ate
whic
hch
em
icals
had
low
recoveri
es
,and
TC
Eand
PE
RC
were
not
menti
oned.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1ro
bust
stre
ngth
s,liia
tions
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
42
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Zocc
olillo,
L.,A
bet
e,C
.,A
men
dola
,L
.,R
uocc
o,
R.,Sbri
lli,
A.,T
erm
ine,
M..
2004.
Halo
carb
ons
inaqueo
us
matr
ices
from
the
Ren
nic
kG
laci
erand
the
Ross
Sea
(Anta
rcti
ca).
Inte
rnati
onal
Journ
al
of
Envir
onm
enta
lA
naly
tica
lC
hem
istr
y.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2189687
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2N
ew
meth
od
that
use
sla
rge
volu
me
of
wate
r.A
naly
zed
under
”extr
em
e”
condit
ions
inA
nta
rcti
ca.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31997-1
998
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
mult
iple
stati
ons
and
sam
ple
sfr
om
mult
iple
depth
s.re
plicate
sam
ple
snot
collecte
d.
Sam
ple
sw
ere
genera
lly
collecte
dat
mul-
tiple
tim
ep
eri
ods.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Not
US,
not
linked
toa
sourc
e.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
sum
mary
pro
vid
ed,
need
tocalc
ula
teth
est
ats
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3T
CE
had
low
extr
acti
on
recoveri
es
(50-6
0p
erc
ent)
.Stu
dy
did
not
dis
cuss
ifth
ey
corr
ecte
dth
econcentr
ati
ons
for
the
low
recoveri
es.
PE
RC
recoveri
es
were
accepta
ble
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
vari
ati
ons
due
tom
icro
clim
ate
s.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
43
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Jia
,C
.,B
att
erm
an,
S.,G
odw
in,
C.,C
harl
es,
S.,C
hin
,J.
Y..
2010.
Sourc
esand
mig
rati
on
of
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inm
ixed
-use
buildin
gs.
Indoor
Air
.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2214330
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2sa
mpling
meth
od
issi
mply
desc
rib
ed.
but
calibra
tion,
stora
ge
condit
ion
are
not
pro
vid
ed.
they
mig
ht
be
inre
fere
nce
art
icle
s.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2analy
tical
meth
od
issi
mply
desc
rib
ed.
but
calibra
-ti
on,d
ete
cti
on
lim
its,
recovery
are
not
pro
vid
ed.
they
mig
ht
be
inre
fere
nce
art
icle
s..
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
indoor
air
study
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2Sam
ple
scollecte
din
2005-2
006
and
2008
(>5yrs
old
)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
indoor
air
study.
but
not
consu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
data
issu
mm
ari
zed
as
ata
ble
.but
no
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2Som
edis
cuss
ion
of
QA
/Q
Cm
easu
res
and
issu
es.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
44
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Bra
vo-L
inare
s,C
.M
.,M
udge,
S.
M.,L
oyola
-Sep
ulv
eda,
R.
H..
2007.
Occ
urr
ence
of
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
(VO
Cs)
inL
iver
pool
Bay
,Ir
ish
Sea
.M
ari
ne
Polluti
on
Bullet
in.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2277377
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
swsa
mple
s
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
22006
(>10
years
)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Sourc
eof
exp
osu
rew
as
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
Range
of
data
pro
vid
ed
only
.(no
raw
data
)
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Som
eQ
Adis
cuss
ion
wit
hre
gard
sto
sam
pling.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
There
are
som
edis
cuss
ion
on
uncert
ain
ties
and
vari
abilit
y.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
45
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Yam
am
oto
,K
.,F
ukush
ima,
M.,K
akuta
ni,
N.,T
suru
ho,
K..
2001.
Conta
min
ati
on
of
vin
yl
chlo
ride
insh
allow
urb
an
river
sin
Osa
ka,
Japan.
Wate
rR
esea
rch.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2310570
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
isdesc
rib
ed
and
dis
cuss
ed
sim
ply
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
isdesc
rib
ed
and
dis
cuss
ed
sim
ply
.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
swsa
mple
s
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
years
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
Unknow
nif
replicate
sam
pling
was
done.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
SW
sam
ple
scollecte
d.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Raw
data
not
pro
vid
ed;
sum
mary
of
PE
RC
and
TC
Econcen-
trati
on
data
insa
mple
sgiv
en
as
chart
s(F
ig3)
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
uality
ass
ura
nce
implied
thro
ugh
standard
pro
tocols
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
vari
abilit
y;
som
edic
uss
ion
on
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
46
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
D’S
ouza
,J.
C.,Jia
,C
.,M
ukher
jee,
B.,B
att
erm
an,
S..
2009.
Eth
nic
ity,
housi
ng
and
per
sonal
fact
ors
as
det
erm
inants
of
VO
Cex
posu
res.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2331366
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
NH
AN
ES
isw
ell
docum
ente
d.
pass
ive
exp
osu
rem
onit
ors
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
NH
AN
ES
isw
ell
docum
ente
d.
Use
da
standard
meth
od..
GC
/M
Sand
sele
cte
d-i
on-m
onit
ori
ng
mode
(CD
C,2
006b),
ase
c-
ond
lab
ora
tory
use
dG
C/M
Sin
scan
mode
(Weis
el
et
al.,
2005b).
htt
p:/
/w
ww
.nb
er.
org
/nhanes/
1999
2000/dow
nlo
ads/
lab21
doc.p
df
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31999-2
000
data
.
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1over
600
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
inhom
es,
but
not
dir
ectl
yre
late
dto
asp
ecifi
ccon-
sum
er
pro
duct.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
range,
perc
enti
les,
det
freq.
mis
sing
SD
.no
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
NH
AN
ES.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
No
SD
pro
vid
ed
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
47
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Loh,
M.
M.,H
ouse
man,
E.
A.,G
ray,
G.
M.,L
evy,
J.
I.,S
pen
gle
r,J.
D.,B
ennet
t,D
.H
..2006.
Mea
sure
dco
nce
ntr
ati
ons
of
VO
Cs
inse
ver
al
non-r
esid
enti
al
mic
roen
vir
onm
ents
inth
eU
nit
edSta
tes.
Envir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2442846
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2>
5yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
study,
but
not
for
consu
mer
exp
osu
re.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.3
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
48
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chin
,J.
Y.,G
odw
in,
C.,P
ark
er,
E.,R
obin
s,T
.,L
ewis
,T
.,H
arb
in,
P.,B
att
erm
an,
S..
2014.
Lev
els
and
sourc
esof
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inhom
esof
childre
nw
ith
ast
hm
a.
Indoor
Air
.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2443355
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
22010
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
17
day
sam
ple
s,la
rge
sam
ple
size
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1Sourc
eid
enti
ficati
on
usi
ng
facto
ranaly
sis
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.2
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
49
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
He,
Z.,Y
ang,
G.
uiP
,Lu,
X.
L.
an,D
ing,
Q.
Y.
ao,Z
hang,
H.
H.
ai.
2013.
Halo
carb
ons
inth
em
ari
ne
atm
osp
her
eand
surf
ace
seaw
ate
rof
the
south
Yel
low
Sea
duri
ng
spri
ng.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2532227
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3no
deta
ils.
(they
are
rep
ort
ed
inanoth
er
pap
er,
Lu
et
al.,2010)
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3no
deta
ils.
(they
are
rep
ort
ed
inanoth
er
pap
er,
Lu
et
al.,2010)
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2sa
mple
sare
collecte
din
2012.
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
no
replicate
.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
sum
mary
or
stati
stic
al
resu
lts.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
50
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Yang,
G.
uiP
,Yang,
B.
in,L
u,
X.
L.
an,D
ing,
H.
aiB
,He,
Z..
2014.
Spati
o-t
emp
ora
lva
riati
ons
of
sea
surf
ace
halo
carb
on
conce
ntr
ati
ons
and
fluxes
from
south
ern
Yel
low
Sea
.B
iogeo
chem
istr
y.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2799613
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2sa
mpling
equip
ment,
condit
ion
are
desc
rib
ed.
but
calibra
tion
isnot
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2analy
tical
meth
od,
condit
ion
are
well
desc
rib
ed.
calibra
tion
isnot
refe
red.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2>
5yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
surf
ace
wate
rst
udy.
but
not
inth
eU
S.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
vari
abilit
yis
dis
cuss
ed.
no
dis
cuss
ion
for
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
51
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Inso
gna,
S.,F
riso
n,
S.,M
arc
oni,
E.,B
aca
loni,
A..
2014.
Tre
nds
of
vola
tile
chlo
rinate
dhydro
carb
ons
and
trih
alo
met
hanes
inA
nta
rcti
ca.
Inte
rnati
onal
Journ
al
of
Envir
onm
enta
lA
naly
tica
lC
hem
istr
y.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2800175
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Cle
an
gla
ssb
ott
les,
no
headsp
ace,
store
dat
4C
unti
lanaly
sis
wit
hin
one
year.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Purg
eand
trap
wit
hG
C-M
S.
op
era
ting
condit
ions
pro
vid
ed,
standard
spro
vid
ed,
calibra
tion
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Hig
h1
2011-2
012
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
trip
licate
sam
ple
s,at
only
nin
esi
tes.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
surf
ace
wate
ron
scop
e,
but
not
US
study
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
analy
sis
perf
orm
ed
intr
iplicate
.R
2>
0.9
98.
Recoveri
es
from
75
to95
perc
ent.
Sam
ple
sst
ore
dfo
rup
toa
year
and
no
menti
on
of
stora
ge
stabilit
y.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1com
pare
dre
sult
sto
past
cru
ises,
No
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.3
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
52
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ofs
tad,
E.
B.,D
rangsh
olt
,H
.,C
arl
ber
g,
G.
E..
1981.
Analy
sis
of
vola
tile
halo
gen
ate
dorg
anic
com
pounds
infish
.Sci
ence
of
the
Tota
lE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2801663
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3no
deta
ils
for
sam
pling
meth
ods.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
Poole
dsa
mple
sof
3-5
fish
.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
media
and
org
anis
ms
inte
rest
.but
not
US.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
No
range
of
data
issh
ow
n.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.9
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
53
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Roger
s,H
.R
.,C
rath
orn
e,B
.,W
att
s,C
.D
..1992.
Sourc
esand
fate
of
org
anic
conta
min
ants
inth
eM
erse
yes
tuary
:V
ola
tile
org
anohalo
gen
com
pounds.
Mari
ne
Polluti
on
Bullet
in.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2802879
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Sam
ple
scollecte
dw
ithout
headsp
ace.
Sto
red
cool
unti
lanaly
-si
sw
ithin
24
hours
.E
xtr
acte
dand
analy
zed
wit
hin
24
hrs
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2G
C-E
CD
.H
MSO
1995
(bri
tish
standard
meth
od),
how
ever
lack
ed
many
deta
ils
actu
ally
use
d.
inte
rnal
standard
s,
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31987-8
9
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
Sin
gle
sam
ple
son
4sa
mpling
date
sfo
reach
of
4w
ate
rbodie
s.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
surf
ace
wate
ron
topic
,but
not
inU
S
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
mis
sing
range.,
SD
no
raw
dart
a.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3use
da
standard
analy
tical
meth
od,
but
no
dis
cuss
ion
of
meth
-ods
use
dor
recoveri
es.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.1
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
54
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Daw
es,
V.
J.,W
ald
ock
,M
.J..
1994.
Mea
sure
men
tof
Vola
tile
Org
anic
Com
pounds
at
UK
Nati
onal
Monit
ori
ng
Pla
nSta
tions.
Mari
ne
Polluti
on
Bullet
in.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
2803418
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
UK
Nati
onal
monit
ori
ng
pro
gra
m
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2purg
eand
trap
wit
hgc-M
S.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31992
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1ab
out
70
sam
ple
sovera
ll
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
surf
ace
wate
r,but
not
inU
S
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
indiv
idual
valu
es,
but
no
overa
llst
ats
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2P
recis
ion
ass
ess
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
vari
ati
on
reflects
am
ounts
of
indust
rial
acti
vit
y.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.9
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
55
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Wallace
,L
.A
..1987.
The
tota
lex
posu
reass
essm
ent
met
hodolo
gy
(TE
AM
)st
udy:
Sum
mary
and
analy
sis:
Volu
me
I.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3004792
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Alo
tof
deta
ilis
giv
en,
refe
rto
com
panio
nso
urc
efo
rfu
llde-
tails.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Alo
tof
deta
ilis
giv
en,
refe
rto
com
panio
nso
urc
efo
rfu
llde-
tails.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31984
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1use
of
replicate
sam
ple
s,la
rge
sam
ple
size.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Sum
mary
stati
stic
sof
phase
sof
the
study
are
pre
sente
d.
No/
lim
ited
supple
menta
ldata
available
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Recoveri
es
and
contr
ol
sam
ple
sare
dis
cuss
ed
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Lim
ited
chara
cte
rizati
on
of
vari
abilit
y.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
56
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Yang,
B.,Y
ang,
G.
P.,L
u,
X.
L.,L
i,L
.,H
e,Z
..2015.
Dis
trib
uti
ons
and
sourc
esof
vola
tile
chlo
roca
rbons
and
bro
moca
rbons
inth
eY
ello
wSea
and
East
Chin
aSea
.M
ari
ne
Polluti
on
Bullet
in.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3052892
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
isdesc
rib
ed
indeta
il;
how
ever,
not
all
deta
ils
are
inclu
ded.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2D
eta
ils
on
meth
ods
use
dfo
rV
HO
Canaly
ses
were
desc
rib
ed
by
Yang
et
al.
(2014).
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
226
Apri
l-
21
May
2009
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
No
dis
cuss
ion
of
replicate
sam
ple
s.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Surf
ace
wate
rth
at
issh
ow
nto
be
sim
ilar
tooth
er
part
sof
the
worl
d(s
ee
Table
2);
how
ever,
it’s
not
near
the
US.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Mean
and
range
rep
ort
ed
(Table
2);
how
ever,
no
oth
er
sum
-m
ary
stati
stic
sand
no
raw
/su
pple
menta
ldata
were
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2Som
eQ
A/Q
Ccontr
ol
measu
res
are
dis
cuss
ed;
how
ever,
som
eof
the
QA
/Q
Cpie
ces
of
info
rmati
on
are
mis
sing
from
the
text.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
The
study
dis
cuss
ed
uncert
ain
tyand
vari
abilit
y.
Uncert
ain
ties
are
note
s,but
not
necess
ari
lym
inim
al.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.9
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
57
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chri
stof,
O.,Sei
fert
,R
.,M
ichael
is,
W..
2002.
Vola
tile
halo
gen
ate
dorg
anic
com
pounds
inE
uro
pea
nes
tuari
es.
Bio
geo
chem
istr
y.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3242836
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
nis
kan
sam
ple
r,gla
ssb
ott
les,
store
dcool
and
dark
,unti
lpurg
-in
g,
purg
ed
wit
h12
hours
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2purg
eand
trap
wit
hgc-m
s.D
eta
iled
op
era
ting
condit
ions
pro
-vid
ed..
No
auth
ori
tati
ve
meth
od
use
d.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31997-1
999
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
114-1
5sa
mple
sp
er
data
set
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
surf
ace
wate
r,but
not
US.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Only
range.
No
mean,
media
n,
sd.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Duplicate
sam
ple
analy
sis
ingenera
l.P
urg
eeffi
cie
ncy
=90-9
3p
erc
ent
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Menti
oned
that
oth
er
studie
ssa
idw
ate
rtr
aps
can
cause
GC
pro
ble
ms,
but
they
said
that
div
ers
ete
sts
show
ed
that
their
wate
rtr
aps
work
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
58
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ma,
H.,Z
hang,
H.,W
ang,
L.,W
ang,
J.,C
hen
,J..
2014.
Com
pre
hen
sive
scre
enin
gand
pri
ori
tyra
nkin
gof
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inD
aliao
Riv
er,
Chin
a.
Envir
onm
enta
lM
onit
ori
ng
and
Ass
essm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3488897
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Sam
pling
meth
ods
and
stora
ge
are
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
ods
and
inst
rum
enta
tion
are
giv
en.
Dete
cti
on
lim
its
menti
oned,
but
calibra
tion
not
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
No
bio
mark
er
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
ap
wit
hsa
mpling
locati
ons
alo
ng
Daliao
Riv
er
(Chin
a)
Met
ric
5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2Sam
ple
scollecte
din
2011
(5-1
5years
ago)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1D
uplicate
and
trip
licate
sam
ple
sta
ken
from
20
locati
ons.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1Surf
ace
wate
rconcentr
ati
on
for
VO
Cs
inclu
din
gP
ER
C
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Sum
mary
resu
lts
only
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Quality
ass
ura
nce
desc
rib
ed
insa
mpling/analy
ticalpro
cedure
s
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Vari
abilit
yass
ess
ed
wit
hre
plicate
sam
ple
s
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
59
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Bla
nco
,S.,B
ecare
s,E
..2010.
Are
bio
tic
indic
esse
nsi
tive
tori
ver
toxic
ants
?A
com
pari
son
of
met
rics
base
don
dia
tom
sand
macr
o-i
nver
tebra
tes.
Chem
osp
her
e.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3501965
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3L
ittl
edis
cuss
ion
of
meth
od
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2U
sed
standard
meth
od
SM
6220
C.,
how
ever
few
deta
ils
pro
-vid
ed
toveri
fym
eth
od
pro
perl
yexecute
d.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
22007
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
only
11
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
surf
ace
wate
r,but
river
insp
ain
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
No
raw
data
,no
min
or
SD
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
Cass
um
ed
because
use
dst
andard
meth
od.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
60
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Manam
sa,
K.,L
apw
ort
h,
D.
J.,Stu
art
,M
.E
..2016.
Tem
pora
lva
riabilit
yof
mic
ro-o
rganic
conta
min
ants
inlo
wla
nd
chalk
catc
hm
ents
:N
ewin
sights
into
conta
min
ant
sourc
esand
hydro
logic
al
pro
cess
es.
Sci
ence
of
the
Tota
lE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3503486
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2sa
mpling
meth
od
isdesc
rib
ed
well.
no
calibra
tion,
stra
ge
con-
dit
ions.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Hig
h1
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
sam
ple
size
may
be
larg
e.
but
not
desc
rib
ed
cle
arl
y.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oU
nacc
epta
ble
4st
udy
does
not
separa
teout
surf
ace
wate
rfr
om
gro
und
wate
rsa
mple
s
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
data
sum
mary
,dete
cti
on
frequency
are
desc
rib
ed.
but
no
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
dis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
y/uncert
ain
tyis
quit
elim
ited.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
1.9
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,on
eof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
61
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Sid
onia
,V
.,H
aydee
,K
.M
.,R
isto
iu,
D.,L
um
init
a,
S.
D..
2009.
Chlo
rinate
dso
lven
tsdet
ecti
on
inso
iland
river
wate
rin
the
are
aalo
ng
the
pap
erfa
ctory
from
Dej
Tow
n,
Rom
ania
.Stu
dia
Univ
ersi
tati
sB
ab
es-B
oly
ai.
Chem
ia.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3543217
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2Sam
ple
scollecte
d<
15
years
ago
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Only
one
sam
ple
poin
t;lo
cati
on
rela
tive
topap
er
pla
nt
not
specifi
ed;
sam
ple
dw
hen
the
pla
nt
was
on-
and
off
-lin
e
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sH
igh
1M
etri
c9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2L
ab
quality
ass
um
ed
from
deta
ilin
pro
cess
desc
ripti
on;
no
con-
trol
for
wate
rsa
mple
s
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.3
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
62
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Am
agai,
T.,O
lansa
ndan,,M
ats
ush
ita,
H.,O
no,
M.,N
aka
i,S.,T
am
ura
,K
.,M
aed
a,
K..
1999.
Asu
rvey
of
indoor
polluti
on
by
vola
tile
org
anohalo
gen
com
pounds
inK
ats
ush
ika,
Tokyo,
Japan.
Indoor
and
Built
Envir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3545469
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
calibra
tion,
flow
rate
s
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3L
OQ
not
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
No
bio
monit
ori
ng.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
yrs
ago
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1>
50
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
,but
no
dir
ect
link
toconsu
mer
pro
duct.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2U
sed
field
bla
nks.
Recoveri
es
not
menti
oned.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
63
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Fie
ldin
g,
M.,G
ibso
n,
T.
M.,Jam
es,
H.
A..
1981.
Lev
els
of
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne,
tetr
ach
loro
ethyle
ne
and
para
-dic
hlo
rob
enze
ne
ingro
undw
ate
rs.
Envir
onm
enta
lT
echnolo
gy
Let
ters
.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3570809
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2sa
mpling
meth
ods
and
equip
ments
are
desc
rib
ed.
but
calibra
-ti
on
isnot
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
31980s
(>15yrs
old
)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
sam
ple
size
isto
osm
all
(duplicate
sam
ple
at
one
site
)
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
for
each
sam
ple
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
A/Q
Cis
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
uncert
ain
tyis
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
64
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chapm
an,
S.
W.,P
ark
er,
B.
L.,C
her
ry,
J.
A.,A
raven
a,
R.,H
unkel
er,
D..
2007.
Gro
undw
ate
r-su
rface
wate
rin
tera
ctio
nand
its
role
on
TC
Egro
undw
ate
rplu
me
att
enuati
on.
Journ
al
of
Conta
min
ant
Hydro
logy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3572385
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Stu
dy
did
not
inclu
de
bio
mark
ers
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2Sam
ple
scollecte
d>
15
years
ago
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
The
study
did
not
inclu
de
repli
cate
s.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Som
evalu
es
are
giv
en
inte
xt;
the
rep
ort
indic
ate
sgood
vari
-abilit
yif
all
data
could
be
obta
ined.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2T
he
auth
ors
did
not
inclu
de
field
contr
ol
site
s.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
65
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Lee
,W
.,P
ark
,S.
H.,K
im,
J.,Jung,
J.
Y..
2015.
Occ
urr
ence
and
rem
oval
of
haza
rdous
chem
icals
and
toxic
met
als
in27
indust
rial
wast
ewate
rtr
eatm
ent
pla
nts
inK
ore
a.
Des
alinati
on
and
Wate
rT
reatm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3580141
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3N
odis
cuss
ion
,but
ass
um
ed
tob
ein
the
standard
analy
tical
meth
od
use
d.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Purg
eand
trap
wit
hG
C.
Sta
ndard
Kore
an
meth
od.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Hig
h1
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
127
facilit
ies
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
wast
ew
ate
reffl
uent,
but
not
inth
eU
S
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
No
raw
data
,no
SD
.N
odete
cti
on
frequency.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3N
odis
cuss
ion,
but
ass
um
ed
because
use
dst
andard
Kore
an
meth
od.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
SD
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
66
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Cdc,
.2017.
Nati
onal
rep
ort
on
hum
an
exp
osu
reto
envir
onm
enta
lch
emic
als
.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3827236
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Bio
monit
ori
ng
data
for
US
popula
tion
from
NH
AN
ES;
info
r-m
ati
on
on
sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
readily
available
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Bio
monit
ori
ng
data
for
US
popula
tion
from
NH
AN
ES;
info
r-m
ati
on
on
analy
tical
meth
odolo
gy
readily
available
.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2B
lood
concentr
ati
ons
for
the
peri
od
2001-2
008
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Blo
od
concentr
ati
ons
for
genera
lp
opula
tion
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Raw
data
,m
easu
res
of
vari
ati
on
not
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Bio
monit
ori
ng
data
for
US
popula
tion
from
NH
AN
ES;
info
r-m
ati
on
on
QA
/Q
Cm
eth
odolo
gy
readily
available
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1B
iom
onit
ori
ng
data
for
US
popula
tion
from
NH
AN
ES;
info
r-m
ati
on
on
vari
abilit
y/uncert
ain
tyre
adily
available
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.3
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
67
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ats
dr,
.2007.
Public
hea
lth
ass
essm
ent:
Pen
insu
laB
oule
vard
gro
undw
ate
rplu
me
tow
nof
Hem
pst
ead,
Nass
au
County
,N
ewY
ork
:E
PA
faci
lity
ID:
NY
N000204407.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3970464
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2G
overn
ment
pap
er
soass
um
ed
use
of
appro
pri
ate
meth
ods.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4N
om
eth
od
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
swsa
mple
s
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
32007
(>10
years
),data
collocte
d>
15
years
ago
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yU
nacc
epta
ble
4Sam
ple
size
isnot
rep
ort
ed
and
ass
um
pti
ons
cannot
be
made.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
SW
sam
ple
scollecte
d.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
Maxim
um
valu
epro
vid
ed
only
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3N
odis
cuss
ion
on
QA
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
vari
abilit
yor
dis
cuss
ion
on
uncert
ain
ties.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.8
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,tw
oof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
68
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Usg
s,.
1994.
Org
anic
com
pounds
dow
nst
ream
from
atr
eate
d-w
ast
ewate
rdis
charg
enea
rD
alls,
Tex
as,
Marc
h1987.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
3975036
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Wate
rsa
mple
sfo
rnutr
ient,
org
anic
,and
inorg
anic
dete
rmin
a-
tions
were
collecte
dand
pre
serv
ed
accord
ing
tost
andard
USG
Spro
cedure
s(W
ells
and
oth
ers
,1990).
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2M
eth
ods
desc
rib
ed
and
cit
ed,
but
no
indic
ati
on
of
recoveri
es.
Tenta
tive
com
pound
identi
ficati
on
from
GC
/M
Sanaly
ses
was
base
don
com
pute
rm
atc
hin
gof
sam
ple
mass
spectr
aw
ith
the
Nati
onalB
ure
au
ofSta
ndard
slibra
ry.
Identi
ficati
on
ofall
com
-p
ounds
extr
acte
dby
PT
and
oth
er
sele
cte
dm
eth
ods,
and
indi-
cate
dw
ith
a(b
)in
the
data
table
s,w
as
confirm
ed
by
matc
hin
gth
em
ass
spectr
um
and
rete
nti
on
tim
eof
the
sam
ple
wit
hth
ose
of
auth
enti
cst
andard
s.(1
987).
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3M
arc
h9
and
10,
1987
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
4si
tes,
but
app
ears
tob
eone
sam
ple
per
site
.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1M
edia
of
inte
rest
.L
ocati
on
well
desc
rib
ed.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
No
sum
mary
stats
or
raw
data
.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3one
upst
ream
contr
ol
site
.Q
Aass
um
ed,
but
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1D
iscuss
ed
uncert
ain
tyof
analy
sis
meth
ods
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
69
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Hel
z,G
.R
.,H
su,
R.
Y..
1978.
Vola
tile
chlo
ro-
and
bro
moca
rbons
inco
ast
al
wate
rs.
Lim
nolo
gy
and
Oce
anogra
phy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
4140523
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
To
obta
indata
on
the
char-
acte
rof
vola
tile
halo
carb
ons
inw
ast
edis
charg
es,
we
collecte
da
seri
es
of
sam
ple
sfr
om
Back
Riv
er,
Mary
land
(Fig
.1B
).T
his
isa
shallow
,12
km
long
trib
uta
ryest
uary
toth
eC
hesa
peake
Bay,
wit
ha
salinit
yra
nge
of
ab
out
04
g*
kg-l
.It
sm
ean
depth
isab
out
1m
and
itis
well
mix
ed
vert
ically.
Near
its
upp
er
end,
Back
Riv
er
receiv
es
1.5
-1.9
xlo
8lite
r.d-r
of
wast
ew
a-
ter
from
Balt
imore
”s
main
sew
age
treatm
ent
pla
nt;
the
wast
edis
charg
es
oft
en
exceed
the
fresh
wate
rflow
from
the
wate
r-sh
ed
by
afa
cto
rof
two
(Helz
et
al.
1975).
The
pla
nt
pro
vid
es
100
perc
ent
secondary
treatm
ent,
most
lyby
the
tric
kling
fil-
ter
pro
cess
,to
wast
es
of
both
dom
est
icand
com
merc
ial
ori
gin
.T
he
effl
uent
isch
lori
nate
db
efo
redis
charg
e.
The
firs
tse
ries
of
sam
ple
sfr
om
Back
Riv
er
(No.
8-1
2)
was
collecte
din
earl
yFebru
ary
1977,
aft
er
nort
hern
Chesa
peake
Bay
had
been
cov-
ere
dw
ith
ice
for
more
than
am
onth
.T
he
only
uncovere
dare
aw
as
a0.2
-km
-dia
mete
rpatc
hof
wate
rim
media
tely
ab
ove
the
underw
ate
rdiff
use
rsat
the
dis
charg
ep
oin
tin
mid
river.
The
second
set
of
sam
ple
s(N
o.
13-2
3)
was
collecte
din
earl
yM
ay
1977,
well
aft
er
the
spri
ng
thaw
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
GC
equip
ped
wit
ha
Hall
ele
ctr
oly
tic
conducti
vit
ydete
cto
r(T
RA
CO
R).
Inearl
yst
ages
of
the
work
,so
me
identi
ficati
ons
were
check
ed
by
mass
spec-
trom
etr
y,
but
the
hig
hse
lecti
vit
yof
the
meth
od
for
only
vola
tile
chlo
ro-
and
bro
mocarb
ons
min
imiz
es
the
danger
of
mis
identi
ficati
on
when
only
GC
rete
nti
on
tim
eis
use
d.
Lim
itof
dete
cti
on
not
specifi
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Bio
mark
er
not
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
ary
land
(Back
Riv
er
est
uary
)
Met
ric
5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15
years
(Febru
ary
and
May
1977)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
The
firs
tse
ries
of
sam
ple
sfr
om
Back
Riv
er
(No.
8-1
2;
5sa
mple
s)w
as
collecte
din
earl
yFebru
ary
1977,
aft
er
nort
hern
Chesa
peake
Bay
had
been
covere
dw
ith
ice
for
more
than
am
onth
.T
he
second
set
of
sam
ple
s(N
o.
13-2
3;
11
sam
ple
s)w
as
collecte
din
earl
yM
ay
1977,
well
aft
er
the
spri
ng
thaw
(op
en
wate
r).
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
70
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Hel
z,G
.R
.,H
su,
R.
Y..
1978.
Vola
tile
chlo
ro-
and
bro
moca
rbons
inco
ast
al
wate
rs.
Lim
nolo
gy
and
Oce
anogra
phy.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
4140523
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Back
Riv
er:
This
isa
shallow
,12
km
long
trib
uta
ryest
uary
toth
eC
hesa
peake
Bay,
wit
ha
salinit
yra
nge
of
ab
out
04
g*
kg-l
.It
sm
ean
depth
isab
out1
mand
itis
well
mix
ed
vert
i-cally.
Near
its
upp
er
end,
Back
Riv
er
receiv
es
1.5
-1.9
xlo
8lite
r.d-r
of
wast
ew
ate
rfr
om
Balt
imore
”s
main
sew
age
treat-
ment
pla
nt;
the
wast
edis
charg
es
oft
en
exceed
the
fresh
wate
rflow
from
the
wate
rshed
by
afa
cto
rof
two
(Helz
et
al.
1975).
The
pla
nt
pro
vid
es
100
perc
ent
secondary
treatm
ent,
most
lyby
the
tric
kling
filt
er
pro
cess
,to
wast
es
of
both
dom
est
icand
com
merc
ialori
gin
.T
he
effl
uent
isch
lori
nate
db
efo
redis
charg
e.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
supple
menta
lor
raw
data
.T
able
3list
sD
CM
,T
CE
,and
PE
RC
concentr
ati
ons
inN
Mfo
rB
ack
Riv
er
sam
ple
scollecte
din
Febru
ary
1977
(ice
cover)
and
May
1977
(op
en
wate
r).
Som
evalu
es
are
ND
,but
LO
Dis
not
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
A/Q
Cpro
cedure
snot
dir
ectl
ydis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
71
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Sauer
,T
.C
..1981.
Vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inop
enoce
an
and
coast
al
surf
ace
wate
rs.
Org
anic
Geo
chem
istr
y.D
ata
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
4152375
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2sa
mpling
equip
ments
,st
ora
ge
condit
ions
are
desc
rib
ed.
but
no
info
rmati
on
of
calibra
tion,
stora
ge
dura
tion.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Low
3>
15yrs
old
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
<10
sam
ple
sfo
rop
en
ocean.<
5sa
mple
sfo
rcoast
.
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
no
raw
data
.no
mean
or
SD
.no
dis
cuss
ion
of
bla
nks.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2dis
cuss
ed
extr
acti
on
effi
cie
ncy.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
dis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
y/uncert
ain
tyis
lim
ited.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.1
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
72
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ec,
.2014.
SIN
PH
ON
IE:
Sch
ools
Indoor
Polluti
on
and
Hea
lth
Obse
rvato
ryN
etw
ork
inE
uro
pe.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
4440449
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2calibra
tion
of
sam
ple
ris
not
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3calibra
tion
of
inst
rum
ent
,dete
cti
on
lim
itare
not
pro
vid
ed
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2<
15yrs
old
(2010-2
011)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
not
dir
ectl
yre
late
dto
consu
mer
pro
duct.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
raw
data
isnot
pro
vid
ed
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
73
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Wet
zel,
T.
A..
2014.
Vola
tile
Org
anic
Com
pounds
(VO
Cs)
InIn
door
Air
:E
mis
sion
Fro
mC
onsu
mer
Pro
duct
sand
the
Use
of
Pla
nts
for
Air
Sam
pling.
Data
Typ
eM
onit
ori
ng
Her
oID
4442460
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3T
here
are
just
nam
eof
equip
ment.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3Sta
ndard
EP
Am
eth
od,
but
no
LO
Q.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tiven
ess
Met
ric
4:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Curr
ency
Med
ium
2so
me
of
them
are
abit
old
(>5yrs
)
Met
ric
6:
Spati
al
and
Tem
pora
lV
ari
abilit
yL
ow3
few
sam
ple
s(4
house
s)
Met
ric
7:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
use
patt
ern
,use
of
exp
osu
recontr
ols
are
less
desc
rib
ed
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c8:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
Only
one
sam
ple
per
locati
on.
Fre
quency
of
dete
cti
ons,
stati
s-ti
cal
meth
ods
are
not
desc
rib
ed.
Met
ric
9:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Low
3Q
uality
ass
ura
nce
only
bri
efly
dis
cuss
ed,
but
ast
andard
meth
od
was
use
d.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c10:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Uncert
ain
ty,
vari
ati
on
acro
sshouse
sare
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.7
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
74
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Wallace
,L
.A
.,P
ellizz
ari
,E
.,L
eader
er,
B.,Z
elon,
H.,Shel
don,
L..
1987.
Em
issi
ons
of
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
from
buildin
gm
ate
rials
and
consu
mer
pro
duct
s.A
tmosp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID23126
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3in
stru
ment
calibra
tion,
dete
cti
on
lim
it,
recovery
sam
ple
sare
not
dis
cri
bed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
just
3sa
mple
sfo
reach
4pro
ducts
Met
ric
6:
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pora
lity
Low
3>
15yrs
old
study
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
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rtain
tyL
ow3
The
uncert
ain
ties
are
dis
cuss
ed.
That’
sb
ecause
equir
ibri
um
isass
um
ed,
the
valu
es
mig
ht
be
undere
stim
ate
d.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.3
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
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ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
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e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
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as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
75
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Sack
,T
.M
.,Ste
ele,
D.
H.,H
am
mer
stro
m,
K.,R
emm
ers,
J..
1992.
Asu
rvey
of
house
hold
pro
duct
sfo
rvola
tile
org
anic
com
-p
ounds.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID28339
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Low
3dete
cti
on
lim
its,
recovery
sam
ple
sare
not
dis
cri
bed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
exp
osu
recontr
ol
isnot
dis
cuss
ed.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
num
ber
of
pro
ducts
per
cate
gory
vari
ed.
Replicate
ste
sts
for
som
epro
ducts
,but
not
all.
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Low
3>
15
yrs
old
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
.O
nly
avera
ge
isre
port
ed.
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
uncert
ain
ties,
lim
itati
ons
are
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.3
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
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e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
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vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
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acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
76
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
S.
Kim
,J.
A.
Kim
,J.
Y.
An,
H.
J.
Kim
,S.
D.
Kim
,J.
C.
Park
.2007.
TV
OC
and
form
ald
ehyde
emis
sion
beh
avio
rsfr
om
floori
ng
mate
rials
bonded
wit
hen
vir
onm
enta
l-fr
iendly
MF
/P
VA
chybri
dre
sins.
Indoor
Air
.D
ata
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID1512515
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
floori
ng
pre
pdis
cuss
ed,
cham
ber
set
up
dis
cuss
ed
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2G
C/M
S.
condit
ions
inta
ble
5.
no
info
on
calibra
tion
or
recov-
eri
es.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
one
set
of
sam
pling
condit
ions,
table
2.
Not
sure
ifre
sin
iscon-
sidere
dan
adhesi
ve.
Kore
an
study.
exact
pro
duct
not
know
n.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
num
ber
of
test
sis
uncert
ain
.
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Med
ium
210
yrs
old
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
.U
ncert
ain
ifth
eE
Fis
am
ean
or
s
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
QC
not
explicit
lydis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
SD
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.1
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
77
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Kw
on,
K.
iD,J
o,
W.,L
im,
H.,Jeo
ng,
W..
2008.
Vola
tile
polluta
nts
emit
ted
from
sele
cted
liquid
house
hold
pro
duct
s.E
nvir
on-
men
tal
Sci
ence
and
Polluti
on
Res
earc
h.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID1752751
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Med
ium
2E
xp
eri
menta
lpro
tocol
and
equip
ment
are
desc
rib
ed
thor-
oughly
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Analy
tical
pro
cedure
sgiv
en
indeta
il,
inclu
din
gm
enti
on
of
de-
tecti
on
lim
its
and
recovery
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
No
bio
mark
er
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oL
ow3
House
hold
pro
ducts
test
ed,
but
under
lab
ora
tory
condit
ions.
Goal
was
todete
rmin
ecom
posi
tion
of
pro
ducts
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
42
house
hold
pro
ducts
test
ed
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Med
ium
2T
est
sconducte
dpri
or
toart
icle
publicati
on
in2008
(5-1
5years
ago)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
Sum
mary
data
only
,data
ispro
duct
com
posi
tions
and
not
air
concentr
ati
on
or
consu
mer
dose
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
No
specifi
cdis
cuss
ion
of
quality
ass
ura
nce/contr
ol
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Som
edis
cuss
ion
of
lim
itati
ons
inse
cti
on
6
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.1
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
78
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Odabasi
,M
.,E
lbir
,T
.,D
um
anoglu
,Y
.,Sofu
oglu
,S.
C..
2014.
Halo
gen
ate
dvola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inch
lori
ne-
ble
ach
-co
nta
inin
ghouse
hold
pro
duct
sand
implica
tions
for
thei
ruse
.A
tmosp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID2443539
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c6:
Tem
pora
lity
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
raw
data
.
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
calibra
tion,
corr
ecti
on
for
bla
nks
are
desc
rib
ed.
but
no
recov-
eri
es
rep
ort
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.1
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
79
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Kow
als
ka,
J.,Sze
wcz
ynsk
a,
M.,P
osn
iak,
M..
2014.
Mea
sure
men
tsof
chlo
rinate
dvola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
emit
ted
from
offi
cepri
nte
rsand
photo
copie
rs.
Envir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Polluti
on
Res
earc
h.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID2534318
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Med
ium
2N
ost
andard
meth
od
meth
od
menti
oned,
but
cham
ber
size,
tem
p,
RH
,air
volu
me,
dura
tion
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2D
iscuss
ed
meth
od,
calibra
tion
curv
e.
For
subst
ance
identi
fica-
tion,
the
mass
spectr
um
libra
ryN
IST
05
was
available
.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Offi
ce
pri
nte
rsis
on
PE
CO
for
PE
RC
.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yM
ediu
m2
7diff
ere
nt
offi
ce
equip
ment
devic
es.
App
ears
that
replicate
sw
ere
conducte
dsi
nce
mean
and
SD
pro
vid
ed
for
each
devic
e.
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Low
3T
est
date
not
specifi
ed,
alt
hough
ass
um
ed
tob
ere
cent
base
don
pub
date
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
,m
ean
and
SD
pro
vid
ed
for
each
devic
e.
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
calibra
tion
pro
vid
ed.
no
dis
cuss
ion
of
contr
ols
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Dis
cuss
ed
diff
ere
nt
equip
ment
typ
es.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.1
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
80
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Wet
zel,
T.
A..
2014.
Vola
tile
Org
anic
Com
pounds
(VO
Cs)
InIn
door
Air
:E
mis
sion
Fro
mC
onsu
mer
Pro
duct
sand
the
Use
of
Pla
nts
for
Air
Sam
pling.
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID4442460
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Low
3Som
ein
fois
desc
rib
ed
inanoth
er
rep
ort
.B
ut
mis
sing
key
pie
ces
of
info
rmati
on
such
as
the
exact
tim
es
sam
ple
sw
ere
collecte
dfr
om
the
cham
ber.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
od
desc
rib
ed,
but
no
lim
its
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oL
ow3
Chem
ical
conte
nt
or
weig
ht
fracti
on
of
pro
duct
not
rep
ort
ed.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
<5
sam
ple
s
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Hig
h1
curr
ent
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sL
ow3
The
rep
ort
lack
ed
alo
tof
info
rmati
on
and
org
aniz
ati
on.
no
raw
data
,no
resu
lts
per
sam
pling
inte
rval.
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Dis
cuss
ed
calibra
tion.
Ass
ess
ed
repro
ducib
ilit
yand
accura
cy
of
the
em
issi
on
rate
sgenera
ted
from
the
cham
ber.
No
recover-
ies
menti
oned.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.4
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
81
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Won,
D.
Yang
W..
2012.
Mate
rial
emis
sion
info
rmati
on
from
:105
buildin
gm
ate
rials
and
consu
mer
pro
duct
s.D
ata
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID4663242
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2analy
tical
meth
od
isw
ell
desc
rib
ed.
but
no
recovery
sam
ple
s.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oL
ow3
Consu
mer
use
s(su
bcate
gory
inta
ble
2)
don’t
matc
hfo
ruse
of
inte
rest
of
EP
Avery
much
.
Met
ric
5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
only
one
sam
ple
collecte
dp
er
test
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Med
ium
22010
and
2011(>
5yrs
old
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sH
igh
1M
etri
c8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
calibra
tion,
com
pari
son
topast
data
are
desc
rib
ed.
but
recov-
eri
es
isnot
dis
cuss
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.9
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
82
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
CSola
l,C
.R
ouss
elle
,C
.M
andin
,J.
Manel
,F
.M
aup
etit
.2008.
VO
Cs
and
form
ald
ehyde
emis
sions
from
clea
nin
gpro
duct
sand
air
fres
hen
ers.
Inte
rnati
onal
Confe
rence
on
Indoor
Air
Quality
and
Clim
ate
(Indoor
Air
2008).
Data
Typ
eE
xp
erim
enta
lH
ero
ID4683353
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
and
Condit
ions
Med
ium
2Sam
pling
meth
od
isbase
don
wid
ely
accepte
dst
andard
.B
ut
the
calibra
tion
of
sam
ple
stora
ges/
sam
ple
ris
not
desc
rib
ed.
The
em
issi
on
test
cham
ber
meth
od
isdesc
rib
ed
inIS
O16000-9
.V
OC
sw
ere
sam
ple
dbase
don
ISO
16000-6
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2A
naly
tical
meth
od
isbase
don
wid
ely
accepte
dst
andard
.B
ut
the
inst
rum
ent
calibra
tion,
recovery
sam
ple
sare
not
desc
rib
ed
Sam
ple
sw
ere
analy
sed
usi
ng
TD
/G
C/M
SD
/F
IDaccord
ing
toIS
O16000-6
.
Met
ric
3:
Bio
mark
erSel
ecti
on
N/A
N/A
no
bio
mark
ers
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
4:
Tes
ting
Sce
nari
oH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Sam
ple
Siz
eand
Vari
abilit
yL
ow3
Only
two
sam
ple
sp
er
pro
duct
typ
e.
Met
ric
6:
Tem
pora
lity
Med
ium
210
years
(>5yrs
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Raw
data
issh
ow
ed.
But
only
the
maxim
um
concentr
ati
on
ispro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
8:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
N/A
N/A
Wid
ely
accepte
dst
andard
sare
desc
rib
ed
how
ever,
exact
de-
scri
pti
on
of
QA
ism
isse
d.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c9:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
ty/vari
abilit
yis
quit
elim
ited.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.1
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
83
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Jia
,C
.R
.,D
’Souza
,J.,B
att
erm
an,
S..
2008.
Dis
trib
uti
ons
of
per
sonal
VO
Cex
posu
res:
Ap
opula
tion-b
ase
danaly
sis.
Envir
on-
men
tIn
tern
ati
onal.
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
484177
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
NH
AN
ES
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
NH
AN
ES
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c4:
Tem
pora
lL
ow3
Over
15
years
old
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
,but
not
specifi
cally
linked
toa
consu
mer
use
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
raw
data
,but
com
ple
tesu
mm
ary
stats
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Dis
cuss
ed
exp
osu
refa
cto
rs.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.6
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
84
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ari
f,A
.A
.,Shah,
S.
M..
2007.
Ass
oci
ati
on
bet
wee
np
erso
nal
exp
osu
reto
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
and
ast
hm
aam
ong
US
adult
popula
tion.
Inte
rnati
onal
Arc
hiv
esof
Occ
upati
onal
and
Envir
onm
enta
lH
ealt
h.
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
729385
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
NH
AN
ES.
Als
oconta
ins
VO
Cp
ers
onal
monit
ori
ng
data
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
NH
AN
ES.D
eta
iled
desc
ripti
on
of
lab
ora
tory
pro
tocols
isavail-
able
from
the
NC
HS
web
site
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1U
S
Met
ric
4:
Tem
pora
lL
ow3
>15
yrs
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
Sam
ple
collecte
dfo
r24-4
8hrs
.N
ot
specifi
cto
indoors
or
toa
consu
mer
pro
duct.
Pers
onal
acti
vit
ies
were
invest
igate
d.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsH
igh
1N
HA
NE
S
Met
ric
7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
no
min
or
max
(but
95th
CI
pro
vid
ed)
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.7
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
85
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Sta
ple
s,C
.A
.,W
erner
,A
.F
.,H
ooghee
m,
T.
J..
1985.
Ass
essm
ent
of
pri
ori
typ
olluta
nt
conce
ntr
ati
ons
inth
eU
nit
edSta
tes
usi
ng
ST
OR
ET
data
base
.E
nvir
onm
enta
lT
oxic
olo
gy
and
Chem
istr
y.D
ata
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
1359400
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
ST
OR
ET
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Hig
h1
ST
OR
ET
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c4:
Tem
pora
lL
ow3
>15
yrs
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1ST
OR
ET
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
only
media
nand
num
ber
of
sam
ple
s
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
86
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Oppt
Monit
ori
ng
Data
base
.2017.
Tri
chlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
3970237
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2M
etri
c2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
Med
ium
2
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c4:
Tem
pora
lM
ediu
m2
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsM
ediu
m2
Met
ric
7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
87
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
House
hold
Pro
duct
s,D
ata
base
.2017.
House
hold
pro
duct
sdata
base
:C
hem
ical
info
rmati
on:
Tri
chlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
3970269
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Data
subm
itte
dto
EP
Aby
manufa
ctu
rers
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
N/A
N/A
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1U
Sdata
base
.
Met
ric
4:
Tem
pora
lH
igh
1D
ata
app
ears
tob
efo
r2010-2
011
pro
ducti
on
volu
mes.
2016
data
available
.
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1In
dic
ate
sif
aconsu
mer
use
pro
duct.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsH
igh
1W
idely
accepte
d.
Use
rsG
uid
e.
Met
ric
7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Data
isorg
aniz
ed.
Typic
ally
only
pro
vid
es
range
or
max
con-
centr
ati
on
for
pro
duct
cate
gory
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.2
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
88
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Consu
mer
Pro
duct
Info
rmati
on,
Data
base
.2017.
What’
sin
it?
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
3981164
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3W
ebpage
pro
vid
es
only
very
lim
ited
info
.B
rands
sele
cte
dbase
don
mark
et
share
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
N/A
N/A
Shelf
surv
ey.
Just
data
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1U
SA
and
canada
data
base
Met
ric
4:
Tem
pora
lH
igh
1”D
ate
veri
fied”
pro
vid
ed,
som
e<
5yrs
old
.
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1W
eig
ht
fracti
ons
of
consu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsL
ow3
No
info
how
data
collecte
dor
QC
pro
vid
ed.
Met
ric
7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
Data
isorg
aniz
ed.
No
sum
mary
pro
vid
ed,
sosu
mm
ary
stats
not
applicable
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
89
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Bart
zis,
J..
2018.
Pri
ori
tiza
tion
of
buildin
gm
ate
rials
as
indoor
polluti
on
sourc
es(B
UM
A).
Data
Typ
eD
ata
base
sN
ot
Uniq
ue
toa
Chem
ical
Her
oID
4663145
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Sam
pling
Met
hodolo
gy
N/A
N/A
Sam
pling
meth
od
not
dis
cuss
ed
-se
condary
sourc
eof
info
.
Met
ric
2:
Analy
tica
lM
ethodolo
gy
N/A
N/A
Analy
tical
meth
od
not
dis
cuss
ed
-se
condary
sourc
eof
info
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1M
etri
c4:
Tem
pora
lM
ediu
m2
Data
of
vari
ous
ages.
Met
ric
5:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Not
an
exact
matc
hexcept
for
NM
P
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Ava
ilabilit
yof
DB
and
Supp
ort
ing
Docu
men
tsH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Rep
ort
ing
Res
ult
sH
igh
1R
efe
rences
list
ed.
Em
issi
on
rate
sw
ere
from
fits
toconcentr
a-
tion
data
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.4
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
90
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Page,
G.W
..1981.
Com
pari
son
of
gro
undw
ate
rand
surf
ace
wate
rfo
rpatt
erns
and
level
sof
conta
min
ati
on
by
toxic
subst
ance
s.E
nvir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID18169
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2m
easu
rem
ents
,appro
ach
es
are
desc
rib
ed
bri
efly.
But
not
indeta
il.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
surf
ace
wate
rst
udy.
geogra
phy
of
are
ais
desc
rib
ed.
but
it’s
quit
eold
study.(
data
collecte
din
1979)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
vari
abilit
y/uncert
ain
tyis
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
91
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Wallace
,L
.A
.,P
ellizz
ari
,E
.,L
eader
er,
B.,Z
elon,
H.,Shel
don,
L..
1987.
Em
issi
ons
of
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
from
buildin
gm
ate
rials
and
consu
mer
pro
duct
s.A
tmosp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID23126
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2D
idnot
desc
rib
ew
hy
sele
cte
dth
eone
study
tocom
pare
vs
oth
ers
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
concentr
ati
ons,
but
not
specifi
cto
apro
duct.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Med
ium
2se
condary
data
-only
the
avera
ge
concentr
ati
on
was
rep
ort
ed
for
com
pari
son.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
No
SD
pro
vid
ed
for
indoor
concentr
ati
ons.
They
did
expla
inw
hy
cham
ber
vs
indoor
air
concentr
ati
ons
may
diff
er.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
92
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..2001.
Sourc
es,
emis
sion
and
exp
osu
refo
rtr
ichlo
roet
hyle
ne
(TC
E)
and
rela
ted
chem
icals
.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID35002
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2G
overn
ment
rep
ort
,but
did
not
desc
rib
elit
searc
hm
eth
ods
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
For
surf
ace
wate
rse
condary
data
,does
not
pro
vid
elo
cati
on
wit
hin
US.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
93
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Shah,
J.
J.,Sin
gh,
H.
B..
1988.
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
vola
tile
org
anic
chem
icals
inoutd
oor
and
indoor
air
:a
nati
onal
VO
Cs
data
base
.E
nvir
onm
enta
lSci
ence
and
Tec
hnolo
gy.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID95570
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2data
sourc
eand
collecti
on
meth
od
isbri
efly
desc
rib
ed.
but
deta
ils
are
not
serv
ed(j
ust
quote
from
refe
rences)
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
Indoor
and
outd
oor
air
study.
but
it’s
quit
eold
(1988)
and
indoor/
outd
oor
isnot
identi
fied
because
gra
phs
and
table
are
not
vis
ible
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Low
3R
efe
rences
pro
vid
ed,
but
not
sure
ifth
ey
are
for
the
data
pre
-se
nte
dor
not.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
dis
cuss
ion
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.8
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
94
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Dub
oudin
,C
..2010.
Polluti
on
insi
de
the
hom
e:des
crip
tive
analy
ses
Part
II:
Iden
tifica
tion
of
gro
ups
of
hom
ogen
ous
hom
esin
term
sof
polluti
on.
Envir
onnem
ent,
Ris
ques
&Sante
.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID380600
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2L
imit
ed
dis
cuss
ion
of
meth
ods,
but
refe
rences
pro
vid
ed
for
sam
pling
and
analy
tical
meth
odolo
gy.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
surv
ey
from
2003-2
005
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Med
ium
2Som
ere
fere
nces
that
would
be
use
ful
tore
vie
ware
inFre
nch
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Conducte
dst
ati
stic
alanaly
sis
togro
up
com
para
ble
hom
es.
No
CV
of
concentr
ati
ons
pro
vid
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
95
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
C.
J.
Wes
chle
r.2009.
Changes
inin
door
polluta
nts
since
the
1950s.
Atm
osp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID695495
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3L
ittl
edis
cuss
ion
on
meth
odolo
gy.T
able
1pro
vid
es
ase
nse
of
how
and
why
an
indoor
envir
onm
ent
in2008
isso
diff
ere
nt
from
its
counte
rpart
inth
eearl
y1950s.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Art
icle
dis
cuss
es
trends
inin
door
polluta
nts
.T
able
2re
port
sse
lecte
dp
olluta
nts
(inclu
des
DC
M,
Carb
on
Tet,
TC
E,
and
PE
RC
)and
trends
inth
eir
indoor
concentr
ati
ons
since
the
1950s.
There
are
no
concentr
ati
on
measu
rem
ent;
trends
are
bro
adly
sum
mari
zed
by
up
and
dow
narr
ow
s.F
igure
4(a
)re
-p
ort
sm
edia
nin
door
concentr
ati
ons
of
Carb
on
Tet,
PE
RC
,and
TC
E,
but
these
data
are
deri
ved
from
1981-1
984
TE
AM
Stu
dy
and
the
1999-2
001
RIO
PA
study
(secondary
studie
sw
illnot
be
extr
acte
d)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Med
ium
2R
efe
rences
are
list
ed
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
96
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Wu,
C.,Sch
aum
,J..
2000.
Exp
osu
reass
essm
ent
of
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Envir
onm
enta
lH
ealt
hP
ersp
ecti
ves
.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID724225
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
The
data
of
am
bie
nt
air
,SW
,G
W,
and
DW
are
serv
ed.
but
geogra
phy
of
SW
isnot
cle
ar,
and
data
sourc
eis
quit
eold
(1995).
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
97
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Daw
son,
H.
E.,M
cAla
ry,
T..
2009.
Aco
mpilati
on
of
stati
stic
sfo
rV
OC
sfr
om
post
-1990
indoor
air
conce
ntr
ati
on
studie
sin
Nort
hA
mer
ican
resi
den
ces
unaff
ecte
dby
subsu
rface
vap
or
intr
usi
on.
Gro
und
Wate
rM
onit
ori
ng
and
Rem
edia
tion.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID735303
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Deta
iled
desc
ripti
on
oflite
ratu
reevalu
ate
dand
stati
stic
alanal-
ysi
s.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
Most
studie
sare
>15
yrs
old
,and
not
dir
ectl
yti
ed
toconsu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1ro
bust
dis
cuss
ion,
dis
cuss
ed
vari
abilit
y
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
98
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
J.
M.
Logue,
T.
E.
McK
one,
M.
H.
Sher
man,
B.
C.
Sin
ger
.2011.
Haza
rdass
essm
ent
of
chem
ical
air
conta
min
ants
mea
sure
din
resi
den
ces.
Indoor
Air
.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID864159
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Desc
rib
ed
lit
searc
hm
eth
od.
Com
pare
dconcentr
ati
ons
tohaz-
ard
levels
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
,but
not
consu
mer
specifi
c.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1P
rovid
ed
mid
range
and
upp
er
range
stats
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.2
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
99
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
.1988.
Tox
icA
irP
olluta
nt
Em
issi
on
Fact
ors
Com
pilati
on
For
Sel
ecte
dA
irT
oxic
Com
pounds
and
Sourc
es.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID1265174
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3m
ath
em
ati
cal
appro
ach
isdesc
rib
ed
very
sim
ply
.B
ut
the
dis
-cuss
ion
of
the
appro
ach
like
validit
yis
mis
sed.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
there
are
table
sof
em
issi
on
facto
rsof
TC
Eand
perc
for
indus-
tria
lpro
cess
.B
ut
data
isquit
eold
(>15yrs
).
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Low
3in
put
data
ism
isse
d.
som
eof
un-p
eer
revie
wed
sourc
es
are
cit
ed.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
vari
abilit
y/uncert
ain
tyis
abit
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
100
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
de
Bla
s,M
.,N
avazo
,M
.,A
lonso
,L
.,D
ura
na,
N.,G
om
ez,
M.
C.,Iz
a,
J..
2012.
Sim
ult
aneo
us
indoor
and
outd
oor
on-l
ine
hourl
ym
onit
ori
ng
of
atm
osp
her
icvola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inan
urb
an
buildin
g.
The
role
of
insi
de
and
outs
ide
sourc
es.
Sci
ence
of
the
Tota
lE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID1788276
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1T
he
contr
acto
rcom
ment
dow
ngra
ded
the
pap
er
because
itdoes
not
link
dir
ectl
yto
aconsu
mer
pro
duct,
but
that
isnot
the
pur-
pose
of
the
study.
The
indoor/
outd
oor
mix
ing
rati
on
measu
re-
ments
can
help
info
rmback
gro
und
indoor
air
concentr
ati
ons
when
consi
deri
ng
risk
due
touse
scenari
os.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
101
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Zaata
ri,
M.,N
irlo
,E
.,Jare
emit
,D
.,C
rain
,N
.,Sre
bri
c,J.,Sie
gel
,J..
2014.
Ven
tila
tion
and
indoor
air
quality
inre
tail
store
s:A
crit
ical
revie
w(R
P-1
596).
HV
AC
andR
Res
earc
h.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID2382442
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
102
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Batt
erm
an,
S.,Su,
F.
C.,L
i,S.,M
ukher
jee,
B.,Jia
,C
.,H
.E
.I.
Hea
lth
Rev
iew
Com
mit
tee.
2014.
Per
sonal
exp
osu
reto
mix
ture
sof
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds:
model
ing
and
furt
her
analy
sis
of
the
RIO
PA
data
.R
esea
rch
rep
ort
(Hea
lth
Eff
ects
Inst
itute
).D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID2519571
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
analy
sis,
but
not
dir
ectl
yre
late
dto
apart
icula
rcon-
sum
er
pro
duct.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.2
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
103
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Du,Z
.,M
o,J.,Z
hang,Y
..2014.
Ris
kass
essm
ent
ofp
opula
tion
inhala
tion
exp
osu
reto
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
and
carb
onyls
inurb
an
Chin
a.
Envir
onm
ent
Inte
rnati
onal.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID2536230
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
indoor
air
study.
but
not
specifi
ed
as
consu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.2
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
104
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
McD
onald
,G
.J.,W
ertz
,W
.E
..2007.
PC
E,
TC
E,
and
TC
Ava
pors
insu
bsl
ab
soil
gas
and
indoor
air
:A
case
study
inupst
ate
New
York
.G
round
Wate
rM
onit
ori
ng
and
Rem
edia
tion.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3543741
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
study.
but
not
specia
lized
as
consu
mer
pro
ducts
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.2
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
105
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Bouto
nnet
,J.
C.,D
eR
ooij
,C
.,G
arn
y,V
.,L
eclo
ux,
A.,P
app,
R.,T
hom
pso
n,
R.
S.,V
an
Wij
k,
D..
1998.
Euro
Chlo
rri
skass
essm
ent
for
the
mari
ne
envir
onm
ent
OSP
AR
CO
Mre
gio
n:
Nort
hse
a-
Tri
chlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Envir
onm
enta
lM
onit
ori
ng
and
Ass
essm
ent.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3571605
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Geogra
phy
iscle
ar
and
there
issu
rface
wate
rdata
.B
ut
the
data
isquit
eold
.(>
15
yrs
old
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
vari
abilit
yis
alitt
ledis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
106
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ec,
.2004.
Euro
pea
nU
nio
nri
skass
essm
ent
rep
ort
:T
rich
loro
ethyle
ne.
Cas
No:
79-0
1-6
.E
INE
CS
No:
201-1
67-4
.1st
Pri
ori
tyL
ist,
Vol.
31.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3809353
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
ab
out
15
yrs
old
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
107
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..2011.
Back
gro
und
indoor
air
conce
ntr
ati
ons
of
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inN
ort
hA
mer
ican
resi
den
ces
(1990-2
005):
Aco
mpilati
on
of
stati
stic
sfo
rass
essm
ent
vap
or
intr
usi
on.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3827392
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2T
he
ass
ess
ment
meth
ods
,ass
um
pti
ons
are
dis
cri
bed
sim
ply
for
each
studie
sw
hic
hare
collecte
dby
EP
A.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
>10
yrs
old
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Med
ium
2R
efe
rences
are
peer
revie
wed
sourc
es
and
com
piled
data
are
sum
mari
zed.
But
no
raw
data
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
108
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..2014.
TSC
AW
ork
pla
nch
emic
al
risk
ass
essm
ent:
Tri
chlo
roet
hyle
ne:
Deg
reasi
ng,
spot
clea
nin
gand
art
s&
craft
suse
.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970201
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
som
eof
data
sourc
eare
>5yrs
old
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.2
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
109
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Tox
Net
Haza
rdous
Subst
ance
sD
ata
,B
ank.
2017.
HSD
B:
Tri
chlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970280
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Som
evalu
es
are
from
quit
eold
studie
s.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
no
overa
llsu
mm
ari
zati
on
or
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
110
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Chim
com
ple
x,
S.
A.
Borz
esti
.2014.
Chem
ical
safe
tyre
port
:In
dust
rial
use
of
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne
(TC
E)
as
aso
lven
tas
adeg
reasi
ng
agen
tin
close
dsy
stem
s.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970803
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oU
nacc
epta
ble
4A
pplicable
data
islim
ited
tooccupati
onal
exp
osu
re.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Low
3not
cle
ar
wheth
er
the
refe
rences
are
peer-
revie
wed
or
not.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
no
dis
cuss
ion.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
2.8
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,on
eof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
111
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Gei
ss,
Ric
hard
.2014.
Chem
ical
safe
tyre
port
:U
seof
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne
info
rmula
tion.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970804
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4ass
um
pti
ons
for
the
surf
ace
wate
rm
odeling
not
pro
vid
ed.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Most
lyab
out
work
ers
.B
ut
est
imate
dconcentr
ati
on
for
surf
ace
wate
rpro
vid
ed.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Unacc
epta
ble
4P
EC
(m
odele
dest
imate
s)fr
om
EU
SE
Sare
pro
vid
ed
for
sur-
face
wate
r,but
no
inputs
pro
vid
ed.
No
refe
rences,
how
ever
,this
app
ears
tob
eonly
part
of
are
port
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
no
dis
cuss
ion
for
vari
abilit
yor
uncert
ain
ty
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
3.2
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,tw
oof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
112
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Gei
ss,
Ric
hard
.2014.
Chem
ical
safe
tyre
port
:U
seof
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne
inpack
agin
g.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970805
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4T
hey
pro
vid
ed
aP
EC
for
surf
ace
wate
r,but
did
not
state
the
model
use
d.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Germ
any
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Unacc
epta
ble
4no
refe
rence
secti
on
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
nodis
cuss
ion
for
vari
abilit
yan
uncert
ain
ty
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
3.2
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,tw
oof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
113
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Sp
ola
na,
as.
2014.
Chem
ical
safe
tyre
port
:T
rich
loro
ethyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970807
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
rep
ort
of
EU
.quit
enew
rep
ort
.(<
5yrs
old
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
no
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
114
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Dom
oC
apro
leuna
Gm
bH
.2014.
Chem
ical
safe
tyre
port
:In
dust
rial
use
as
an
extr
act
ive
solv
ent
for
the
puri
fica
tion
of
capro
-la
ctam
from
capro
lact
am
oil.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970809
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
not
US.
quit
enew
rep
ort
.(<
5yrs
old
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Low
3consu
mer
exp
osu
reis
not
applicable
.bri
ef
resu
ltof
risk
char-
acte
rizati
on
for
wate
ris
show
n.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
not
dis
cuss
ed
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
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2.2
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
115
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
D.
O.
W.
Deu
tsch
land.
2014.
Chem
ical
safe
tyre
port
:U
ses
of
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne
info
rmula
tion.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970810
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4N
oass
um
pti
on
pro
vid
ed
for
PE
C(e
stim
ate
dconc)
of
surf
ace
wate
r)
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
>15
years
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Unacc
epta
ble
4N
ore
fere
nce
secti
on.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
no
dis
cuss
ion
for
vari
abilit
yand
uncert
ain
ty
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
3.5
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,tw
oof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
116
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
D.
O.
W.
Deu
tsch
land.
2014.
Chem
ical
safe
tyre
port
:In
dust
rial
use
as
pro
cess
chem
ical
(encl
ose
dsy
stem
s)in
Alc
anta
ram
ate
rial
pro
duct
ion.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970811
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2E
USE
Sis
an
accepte
dm
odel.
but
part
of
info
rmati
on
isbla
ckpain
ted.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
quit
enew
rep
ort
.but
not
US.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
no
dis
cuss
ion
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
117
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
D.O
.W
.D
euts
chla
nd.
2014.
Chem
icalsa
fety
rep
ort
:U
seoftr
ichlo
roet
hyle
ne
inin
dust
rialpart
scl
eanin
gby
vap
our
deg
reasi
ng
incl
ose
dsy
stem
sw
her
esp
ecifi
cre
quir
emen
ts(s
yst
emof
use
-para
met
ers)
exis
t.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970823
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4It
doesn
’tre
fer
tohow
PE
Cs
were
calc
ula
ted.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
quit
enew
rep
ort
.valu
es
of
fresh
/m
ari
ne
wate
ris
show
n.
but
not
US.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Low
3no
refe
rences
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
no
dis
cuss
ion
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
3.0
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,on
eof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
118
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Vlisc
oN
ether
lands,
B.
V..
2014.
Chem
ical
safe
tyre
port
Part
A:
Use
of
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne
as
aso
lven
tfo
rth
ere
mov
al
and
reco
ver
yof
resi
nfr
om
dyed
cloth
.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970833
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
dis
cuss
ion
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
119
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
.2014.
Exp
osu
reass
essm
ent:
Tri
chlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970837
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3ass
um
pti
ons
not
well
desc
rib
ed
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
Est
imate
sfo
ra
facilit
yin
EU
that
use
sT
CE
as
apro
cess
ing
aid
e.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Unacc
epta
ble
4N
ore
fere
nce
secti
on.
Alt
hough
this
looks
like
itm
ay
be
part
of
ala
rger
rep
ort
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
3.2
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,on
eof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
120
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Park
erH
annifi
n,
Manufa
cturi
ng.
2014.
Chem
ical
safe
tyre
port
:U
seof
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne
as
apro
cess
solv
ent
for
the
manufa
c-tu
ring
of
hollow
fibre
gas
separa
tion
mem
bra
nes
out
of
poly
phen
yle
ne
oxid
e(P
PO
).D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970838
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
not
US(E
U).
quit
enew
rep
ort
(<5
yrs
old
).
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Med
ium
2Som
edata
are
not
cle
ar
wheth
er
it’s
base
don
peer
revie
wed
refe
rences
or
not.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
risk
evalu
ati
on
isconducte
dfo
rm
ult
iple
scenari
os.
uncert
ain
tyis
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
121
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
R.
A.
G.
Akti
enges
ells
chaft
.2014.
Chem
ical
safe
tyre
port
:T
rich
loro
ethyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970841
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Unacc
epta
ble
4N
oass
um
pti
ons
for
the
EU
SE
Sm
odeling
for
surf
ace
wate
r
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
No
consu
mer.
Anoth
er
countr
y.
Not
many
deta
ils
pro
vid
ed
on
ass
um
pti
ons.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Unacc
epta
ble
4N
ore
fere
nce
secti
on.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
no
dis
cuss
ion
for
vari
abilit
yand
uncert
ain
ty
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Unacc
epta
ble
4.0
Metr
icm
ean
score
??:
3.5
.
Extr
act
edN
o
??
Con
sist
ent
wit
hou
rApplication
ofSystem
aticReview
inTSCARiskEva
luations
docu
men
t,if
am
etri
cfo
ra
data
sou
rce
rece
ives
asc
ore
of
Un
acc
epta
ble
(sco
re=
4),
EP
Aw
ill
det
erm
ine
the
stu
dy
tob
eu
nacc
epta
ble
.In
this
case
,tw
oof
the
met
rics
wer
era
ted
as
un
acc
epta
ble
.A
ssu
ch,
the
stu
dy
isco
nsi
der
edu
nacc
epta
ble
an
dth
esc
ore
isp
rese
nte
dso
lely
toin
crea
setr
an
spare
ncy
.†
Hig
h=
1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
122
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
.2014.
Exp
osu
reass
essm
ent:
Tri
chlo
roet
hyle
ne,
Part
3.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970842
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3U
sed
EU
SE
Sbut
did
n’t
desc
rib
ein
puts
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
base
don
indust
rial
rele
ase
sbut
not
inU
S(E
U).
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Low
3no
refe
rences
are
show
n.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
dis
cuss
ion
of
vari
abilit
y/uncert
ain
ty
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.8
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
123
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Iarc
,.2014.
IAR
CM
onogra
phs
on
the
evalu
ati
on
of
carc
inogen
icri
sks
tohum
ans:
Tri
chlo
roet
hyle
ne,
tetr
ach
loro
ethyle
ne,
and
som
eoth
erch
lori
nate
dagen
ts.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3970844
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Som
eexp
osu
redata
are
quit
eold
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
uncert
ain
tyof
exp
osu
redata
isnot
dis
cuss
ed
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
124
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Nati
onal
Tox
icolo
gy,
Pro
gra
m.
2015.
Monogra
ph
on
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3980992
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
125
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..2017.
Tri
chlo
roet
hyle
ne
mark
etand
use
rep
ort
.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3981036
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
dis
cuss
ion
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
126
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Envir
onm
ent
Canada,
Hea
lth
Canada.
1993.
Canadia
nE
nvir
onm
enta
lpro
tect
ion
act
pri
ori
tysu
bst
ance
slist
ass
essm
ent
rep
ort
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3981155
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Media
of
inte
rest
and
Canadia
n,
but
most
of
the
data
isold
.(>
15
yrs
old
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
uncert
ain
tyis
not
dis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
127
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Nih
,.2016.
Rep
ort
on
carc
inogen
s:T
rich
loro
ethyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3982332
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2did
not
pro
vid
edeta
ils
on
lit
searc
hm
eth
od
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Secondary
sourc
eof
one
indoor
air
study,
not
dir
ectl
yti
es
toconsu
mer
use
(stu
dy
inH
ER
O).
No
surf
ace
wate
r.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
No
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
inty
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
128
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ats
dr,
.2014.
Dra
ftto
xic
olo
gic
al
pro
file
for
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3982339
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oH
igh
1
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
129
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ecs
a,.
2015.
Pro
duct
safe
tysu
mm
ary
on
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID3982475
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3N
odocum
enta
tion
of
lit
searc
hm
eth
ods.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
Not
much
exp
osu
rein
foin
sourc
e.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Low
3N
ore
fere
nce
secti
on,
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
3.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
130
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Wu,,et
al.,.
2001.
Sourc
es,
emis
sions
and
exp
osu
res
for
tric
hlo
roet
hyle
ne
(TC
E)
and
rela
ted
chem
icals
.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID4152270
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
US
study.
but
surf
ace
wate
ror
consu
mer
exp
osu
reis
desc
rib
ed
too
sim
ly.
and
quit
eold
study
(>15
yrs
old
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
131
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Her
ber
t,P
.,C
harb
onnie
r,P
.,R
ivolt
a,
L.,Ser
vais
,M
.,V
an
Men
sch,
F.,C
am
pb
ell,
I..
1986.
The
occ
urr
ence
of
chlo
rinate
dso
lven
tsin
the
envir
onm
ent.
Pre
pare
dby
aw
ork
shop
ofth
eE
uro
pea
nC
hem
icalIn
dust
ryF
eder
ati
on
(CE
FIC
).C
hem
istr
yand
Indust
ry.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID4152304
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3T
here
isno
actu
al
desc
ripti
on
of
ass
ess
ment.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
The
data
of
surf
ace
wate
ris
show
n.
but
not
US
(Euro
pe),
and
quit
eold
(>15
yrs
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
severa
lsc
enari
os
are
show
n.
no
dis
cuss
ion
for
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
2.2
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
132
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Dep
art
men
tof
Nati
onal,
Hea
lth,W
elfa
re,.
1993.
Tri
chlo
roet
hyle
ne.
Supp
ort
ing
docu
men
tati
on,
hea
lth
rela
ted
sect
ions
for
the
Canadia
nE
nvir
onm
enta
lP
rote
ctio
nA
ct(C
EP
A)
Pri
ori
tySubst
ance
sL
ist
ass
essm
ent
rep
ort
.D
ata
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID4152318
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2lim
ited
info
on
lit
searc
hm
eth
od
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Canadia
n,
media
of
inte
rest
.but
quit
eold
ere
port
(>15
yrs
)
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
No
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
ties.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.8
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
133
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Del
maar,
J.
E..
Em
issi
on
of
chem
ical
subst
ance
sfr
om
solid
matr
ices
:a
met
hod
for
consu
mer
exp
osu
reass
essm
ent.
Data
Typ
eC
om
ple
ted
Exp
osu
reA
sses
smen
tH
ero
ID4663189
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Met
hodolo
gy
Low
3T
he
rep
ort
dis
cuss
es
the
lite
ratu
rere
vie
w,
ass
um
pti
ons,
and
lim
itati
ons
of
the
model.
The
dis
cuss
ion
on
data
and
extr
ap
o-
lati
ons
from
the
model
are
lim
ited
due
todata
availabilit
yand
lack
of
test
ed
data
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
2:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
The
study
models
vola
tile
subst
ances
usi
ng
sum
mari
zed
data
and
does
not
specifi
cally
model
1-B
P.
Sam
ple
and
surr
ogate
data
use
dm
ay
be
sim
ilar,
but
the
em
phasi
son
buildin
gm
ate
-ri
als
isnot
inalignm
ent
wit
h1B
Puse
s.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c3:
Docu
men
tati
on
of
Ref
eren
ces
Low
3N
um
ero
us
studie
sare
refe
renced,
but
their
use
isnot
alw
ays
cle
ar
or
dir
ectl
yre
late
dto
the
text
and/or
data
.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyL
ow3
Vari
abilit
ies
and
uncert
ain
ties
are
addre
ssed,
but
not
as
they
apply
to1-B
Por
its
specifi
cexp
osu
reenvir
onm
ents
.M
odels
are
built
on
surr
ogate
para
mate
rvalu
es
whic
hin
troduces
larg
edegre
es
of
uncert
ain
ty.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
3.0
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
134
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
U.S
,E
.P
.A
..1987.
House
hold
solv
ent
pro
duct
s:A
nati
onal
usa
ge
surv
ey.
Data
Typ
eSurv
eyH
ero
ID1005969
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Data
Collec
tion
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Data
Analy
sis
Met
hodolo
gy
Hig
h1
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1N
ati
onw
ide
(U.S
.A.)
surv
ey
wit
houtr
each
via
random
dia
ling
and
willingness
topro
vid
eaddre
ssand
resp
ond
tosu
rvey.
Met
ric
4:
Sam
pling
/Sam
pling
Siz
eH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Res
ponse
Rate
Med
ium
2
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sH
igh
1M
etri
c7:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
Vari
abilit
yof
popula
tion
studie
sth
rough
surv
ey
quest
ions,
but
lim
ited
dis
cuss
ion
of
surv
ey
uncert
ain
itie
sdis
cuss
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.3
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
135
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Farr
ow,
A.,T
aylo
r,H
.,N
ort
hst
one,
K.,G
old
ing,
J.,A
von
Longit
udin
al,
Stu
dy.
2003.
Sym
pto
ms
of
moth
ers
and
infa
nts
rela
ted
toto
tal
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inhouse
hold
pro
duct
s.A
rchiv
esof
Envir
onm
enta
lH
ealt
h.
Data
Typ
eSurv
eyH
ero
ID2443306
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Data
Collec
tion
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2D
ata
collecti
on
meth
odolo
gy
dis
cuss
ed.
The
Avon
Longit
udi-
nal
Stu
dy
of
Pare
nts
and
Childre
n(A
LSP
AC
)is
ap
opula
tion-
base
dst
udy
of
childre
nb
orn
tow
om
en
who
resi
ded
inA
von
(Unit
ed
Kin
gdom
)duri
ng
their
pre
gnancy
and
who
had
an
exp
ecte
ddelivery
date
betw
een
Apri
l1,
1991,
and
Decem
ber
31,
1992.
There
were
14,5
41
pre
gnant
wom
en
enro
lled
inth
isst
udy,
and
acohort
of
13,9
71
of
their
childre
nw
as
still
bein
gfo
llow
ed
at
age
12
mo.
The
goal
of
the
AL
SP
AC
isto
evalu
-ate
envir
onm
enta
l,geneti
c,
and
socia
lfa
cto
rsth
at
can
influ-
ence
the
healt
hof
infa
nts
and
their
moth
ers
.In
form
ati
on
was
collecte
dfr
om
moth
ers
thro
ugh
self
-rep
ort
quest
ionnair
es
at
diff
ere
nt
tim
es
duri
ng
their
pre
gnancy,
as
well
as
aft
er
the
in-
fant”
sbir
th,
toasc
ert
ain
fam
ily
and
house
hold
chara
cte
rist
ics,
pare
nta
loccupati
ons,
and
oth
er
socio
econom
icfa
cto
rs.
The
purp
ose
of
this
study
wit
hin
the
AL
SP
AC
was
(a)
todete
rmin
ein
door
levels
of
VO
Cs
rela
tive
toth
euse
of
specifi
chouse
hold
pro
ducts
and
(b)
toid
enti
fyhouse
hold
sin
whic
hto
tal
VO
C(T
VO
C)
levels
were
hig
h.
Invest
igati
on
of
the
enti
recohort
of
childre
nand
their
pare
nts
furt
her
identi
fied
com
mon
healt
heff
ects
at
diff
ere
nt
poin
tsof
data
collecti
on.
We
ask
ed
sub
jects
tocom
ple
tea
quest
ionnair
eth
at
had
quest
ions
ab
out
the
fre-
quency
of
use
of
9com
mon
house
hold
pro
ducts
that
conta
inhig
hpro
port
ions
of
VO
Cs.
Ato
talof
13,1
64
wom
en
com
ple
ted
the
1st
quest
ionnair
ew
hen
they
were
8w
kpre
gnant.
Of
these
wom
en,10,9
76
com
ple
ted
a2nd
quest
ionnair
e8
mo
aft
er
bir
th,
and
10,1
19
com
ple
ted
a3rd
quest
ionnair
ew
hen
their
child
was
21
mo
of
age.
We
ass
um
ed
that
info
rmati
on
ab
out
house
hold
pro
duct
use
duri
ng
earl
ypre
gnancy
reflecte
dro
uti
ne
use
of
these
pro
ducts
”ra
ther
than
late
ruse
sw
hic
hm
ight
inclu
de
cle
anin
gth
at
occurr
ed
because
the
infa
nt
was
now
am
em
-b
er
of
the
house
hold
(e.g
.,use
of
pro
ducts
toensu
resp
ecia
lcle
anliness
inth
ein
fant”
senvir
onm
ent)
.T
he
typ
es
of
house
-hold
pro
ducts
exam
ined
were
win
dow
cle
aners
,carp
et
cle
aners
,dry
-cle
anin
gfluid
s,tu
rpenti
ne
or
whit
esp
irit
,pain
tst
ripp
er,
house
pain
tsor
varn
ishes,
pest
icid
es,
oth
er
aero
sols
or
spra
ys,
and
air
fresh
eners
.T
he
cate
gori
es
of
use
were
(a)
never
or
less
than
once
per
week,
(b)
once
per
week,
and
(c)
daily
on
most
days.
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
136
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Farr
ow,
A.,T
aylo
r,H
.,N
ort
hst
one,
K.,G
old
ing,
J.,A
von
Longit
udin
al,
Stu
dy.
2003.
Sym
pto
ms
of
moth
ers
and
infa
nts
rela
ted
toto
tal
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inhouse
hold
pro
duct
s.A
rchiv
esof
Envir
onm
enta
lH
ealt
h.
Data
Typ
eSurv
eyH
ero
ID2443306
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Met
ric
2:
Data
Analy
sis
Met
hodolo
gy
Med
ium
2Sta
tist
ical
analy
ses.
Mean
TV
OC
levels
were
calc
ula
ted
on
the
basi
sof
the
month
lyvalu
es
from
the
livin
gro
om
sand
main
bedro
om
sof
the
hom
es
monit
ore
din
the
BR
Ein
door
air
study
(N=
170).
House
hold
sw
ith
less
than
5T
VO
Cre
adin
gs
for
the
year
were
exclu
ded
from
the
analy
sis.
TV
OC
levels
were
dic
hoto
miz
ed
into
2p
erc
enti
les:
<75th
perc
enti
leand
”75th
perc
enti
le.
Use
of
each
of
the
9house
hold
pro
ducts
duri
ng
earl
ypre
gnancy
was
dic
hoto
miz
ed
to<
1/w
kand
”1/w
k.
We
use
dP
ears
on”s
chi-
square
and
Fis
her”
sE
xact
test
(cro
ssta
bs)
toevalu
ate
the
rela
tionsh
ips
betw
een
VO
Cle
vels
inth
ehom
es
and
pro
duct
use
duri
ng
earl
ypre
gnancy.
We
then
use
dpro
ducts
that
were
stati
stic
ally
signifi
cantl
yass
ocia
ted
wit
hhig
her
TV
OC
levels
inth
eanaly
sis
of
the
enti
recohort
todete
rmin
eif
use
of
these
pro
ducts
was
ass
ocia
ted
wit
hre
port
-in
gof
sym
pto
ms
for
infa
nts
or
moth
ers
.For
the
tota
lcohort
,w
eapplied
logis
tic-r
egre
ssio
nanaly
sis
toobta
inadju
sted
odds
rati
os
(OR
s)fo
reach
sym
pto
mw
ith
use
of
asp
ecifi
cpro
duct
for
diff
ere
nt
frequencie
sofuse
,to
dete
rmin
eif
the
odds
ofexp
e-
riencin
ga
sym
pto
min
cre
ase
das
use
of
the
pro
duct
incre
ase
d.
Adju
stm
ents
were
made
for
educati
on,
moth
er”
sage,
housi
ng
tenure
,num
ber
of
childre
nin
the
hom
e,
num
ber
of
smokers
inth
ehom
e,
paid
job
subse
quent
tobir
thof
the
child,
dam
pness
or
condensa
tion
inth
ehom
e,
mold
inth
ehom
e,
typ
eof
win
ter
heati
ng
fuel,
and
month
the
quest
ionnair
ew
as
com
ple
ted.
The
firs
t6
vari
able
scontr
olled
for
socio
econom
icst
atu
s;th
ela
tter
4contr
olled
for
seaso
nalventi
lati
on
diff
ere
nces
that
mig
ht
have
influenced
the
build-u
pof
VO
Cs
(fro
min
door
sourc
es)
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Geo
gra
phic
Are
aH
igh
1U
nit
ed
Kin
gdom
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
137
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Farr
ow,
A.,T
aylo
r,H
.,N
ort
hst
one,
K.,G
old
ing,
J.,A
von
Longit
udin
al,
Stu
dy.
2003.
Sym
pto
ms
of
moth
ers
and
infa
nts
rela
ted
toto
tal
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inhouse
hold
pro
duct
s.A
rchiv
esof
Envir
onm
enta
lH
ealt
h.
Data
Typ
eSurv
eyH
ero
ID2443306
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Met
ric
4:
Sam
pling
/Sam
pling
Siz
eM
ediu
m2
The
Avon
Longit
udin
al
Stu
dy
of
Pare
nts
and
Childre
n(A
LSP
AC
)is
ap
opula
tion-b
ase
dst
udy
of
childre
nb
orn
tow
om
en
who
resi
ded
inA
von
(Unit
ed
Kin
gdom
)duri
ng
their
pre
gnancy
and
who
had
an
exp
ecte
ddelivery
date
betw
een
Apri
l1,
1991,
and
Decem
ber
31,
1992.
There
were
14,5
41
pre
gnant
wom
en
enro
lled
inth
isst
udy,
and
acohort
of
13,9
71
of
their
childre
nw
as
still
bein
gfo
llow
ed
at
age
12
mo.
The
goal
of
the
AL
SP
AC
isto
evalu
ate
envir
onm
enta
l,geneti
c,
and
socia
lfa
cto
rsth
at
can
influence
the
healt
hof
infa
nts
and
their
moth
ers
.In
form
ati
on
was
collecte
dfr
om
moth
ers
thro
ugh
self
-rep
ort
quest
ionnair
es
at
diff
ere
nt
tim
es
duri
ng
their
pre
g-
nancy,
as
well
as
aft
er
the
infa
nt”
sbir
th,
toasc
ert
ain
fam
ily
and
house
hold
chara
cte
rist
ics,
pare
nta
loccupati
ons,
and
oth
er
socio
econom
icfa
cto
rs.
We
ask
ed
sub
jects
tocom
ple
tea
ques-
tionnair
eth
at
had
quest
ions
ab
out
the
frequency
of
use
of
9com
mon
house
hold
pro
ducts
that
conta
inhig
hpro
port
ions
of
VO
Cs.
Met
ric
5:
Res
ponse
Rate
Med
ium
2W
eask
ed
sub
jects
tocom
ple
tea
quest
ionnair
eth
at
had
ques-
tions
ab
out
the
frequency
of
use
of
9com
mon
house
hold
pro
d-
ucts
that
conta
inhig
hpro
port
ions
of
VO
Cs.
Ato
tal
of
13,1
64
wom
en
com
ple
ted
the
1st
quest
ionnair
ew
hen
they
were
8w
kpre
gnant.
Of
these
wom
en,
10,9
76
com
ple
ted
a2nd
quest
ion-
nair
e8
mo
aft
er
bir
th,
and
10,1
19
com
ple
ted
a3rd
quest
ion-
nair
ew
hen
their
child
was
21
mo
of
age.
Of
the
170
tota
lhom
es
inclu
ded
inth
isfo
cuse
dst
udy,
at
least
10
sam
ple
sw
ere
retu
rned
from
each
of
109
house
hold
s,and
at
least
5sa
mple
sw
ere
retu
rned
from
each
of
148
house
hold
s.T
he
3,3
39
tota
lsa
mple
sre
pre
sente
d73
perc
ent
ofth
enum
ber
ofp
ote
nti
alsa
m-
ple
s.T
he
hig
hest
and
low
est
TV
OC
concentr
ati
ons
from
indi-
vid
ual
sam
ple
sw
ere
11.4
mg/m
3(i
na
livin
gro
om
)and
0.0
2m
g/m
3(i
na
main
bedro
om
),re
specti
vely
.T
he
hig
hest
and
low
est
geom
etr
icm
ean
concentr
ati
ons
of
TV
OC
sin
the
liv-
ing
room
and
bedro
om
,fr
om
ato
tal
of
12
sam
ple
sfr
om
any
house
,w
ere
1.5
59
mg/m
3and
0.0
63
mg/m
3,
resp
ecti
vely
.T
he
perc
enti
les
of
mean
TV
OC
concentr
ati
ons
inth
elivin
gro
om
sand
bedro
om
sare
conta
ined
inth
eN
ote
sin
Table
1.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c6:
Rep
ort
ing
of
Res
ult
sM
ediu
m2
No
supp
ort
ing
info
rmati
on
or
raw
data
available
.T
able
1re
-p
ort
spro
ducts
use
dduri
ng
pre
gnancy
that
were
ass
ocia
ted
signifi
cantl
yw
ith
gre
ate
rth
an/equal
to75th
perc
enti
legeo-
metr
icm
ean
of
measu
red
Tota
lV
ola
tile
Org
anic
Com
pounds
(TV
OC
s).
No
data
rep
ort
ed
specifi
cally
for
TC
E.
Conti
nued
on
nex
tpage
138
–continued
from
pre
viouspage
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Farr
ow,
A.,T
aylo
r,H
.,N
ort
hst
one,
K.,G
old
ing,
J.,A
von
Longit
udin
al,
Stu
dy.
2003.
Sym
pto
ms
of
moth
ers
and
infa
nts
rela
ted
toto
tal
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inhouse
hold
pro
duct
s.A
rchiv
esof
Envir
onm
enta
lH
ealt
h.
Data
Typ
eSurv
eyH
ero
ID2443306
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Met
ric
7:
Quality
Ass
ura
nce
Med
ium
2N
oquality
contr
ol
issu
es
were
identi
fied
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c8:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyN
/A
N/A
For
exam
ple
,in
33
hom
es
all
readin
gs
inb
oth
the
livin
gro
om
and
the
main
bedro
om
were
less
than
0.4
mg/m
3.
In5
hom
es,
the
TV
OC
concentr
ati
ons
for
both
room
salw
ays
exceeded
the
state
dvalu
e.
Cauti
on
isre
quir
ed
when
our
data
are
com
pare
dw
ith
resu
lts
rep
ort
ed
by
oth
ers
and
wit
hre
com
mended
guid
e-
lines,
whic
hm
ay
be
base
don
adiff
ere
nt
definit
ion
of
TV
OC
.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Med
ium
1.9
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
139
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
S.L
.M
ille
r,M
.J.A
nder
son,E
.P
.D
aly
,J.B
.M
ilfo
rd.
2002.
Sourc
eapp
ort
ionm
ent
of
exp
osu
res
tovola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
IE
valu
ati
on
of
rece
pto
rm
odel
susi
ng
sim
ula
ted
exp
osu
redata
.A
tmosp
her
icE
nvir
onm
ent.
Data
Typ
eM
odel
ing
Her
oID
30661
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Math
emati
clE
quati
ons
Med
ium
2key
equati
ons
or
upta
kes
are
not
inth
edata
sourc
e.
But
theory
isdesc
rib
ed
indeta
il.
Met
ric
2:
Model
Eva
luati
on
Low
3corr
ob
ora
tion
of
model,
QA
are
not
desc
rib
ed.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
all
data
set
are
>15yrs
old
.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c4:
Model
and
Model
Docu
men
tati
on
Ava
ilabilit
yL
ow3
insu
fficie
nt
docum
enta
tion
inth
edata
sourc
e
Met
ric
5:
Model
Inputs
and
Def
ault
sL
ow3
inputs
are
desc
rib
ed,
but
desc
ripti
on
isnot
deta
il.
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c6:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
dis
cuss
ion
of
uncert
ain
tyis
lim
ited
though,diff
ere
nces
betw
een
model
resu
lts
are
desc
rib
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.7
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
140
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Ser
rano-T
resp
ala
cios,
P.
I.,R
yan,
L.,Sp
engle
r,J.
D..
2004.
Am
bie
nt,
indoor
and
per
sonal
exp
osu
rere
lati
onsh
ips
of
vola
tile
org
anic
com
pounds
inM
exic
oC
ity
met
rop
olita
nare
a.
Journ
al
of
Exp
osu
reA
naly
sis
and
Envir
onm
enta
lE
pid
emio
logy.
Data
Typ
eM
odel
ing
Her
oID
56224
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Math
emati
clE
quati
ons
Low
3N
ot
pro
vid
ed
inso
urc
e.
Pro
vid
ed
inH
am
lett
,2003.
Met
ric
2:
Model
Eva
luati
on
Low
3M
odel
desc
rib
ed
insu
pple
menta
lso
urc
eH
am
lett
,2003.
Mon-
itori
ng
resu
lts
als
opro
vid
ed
tocom
pare
.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Indoor
air
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c4:
Model
and
Model
Docu
men
tati
on
Ava
ilabilit
yL
ow3
Model
desc
rib
ed
insu
pple
menta
lso
urc
eH
am
lett
,2003.
Met
ric
5:
Model
Inputs
and
Def
ault
sM
ediu
m2
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c6:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Monit
ori
ng
resu
lts
als
opro
vid
ed.
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Low
2.5
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
141
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
McK
nig
ht,
U.
S.,F
under
,S.
G.,R
asm
uss
en,
J.,F
inkel
,M
.,B
innin
g,
P.
J.,B
jerg
,P
.L
..2010.
An
inte
gra
ted
model
for
ass
essi
ng
the
risk
of
TC
Egro
undw
ate
rco
nta
min
ati
on
tohum
an
rece
pto
rsand
surf
ace
wate
rec
osy
stem
s.E
colo
gic
al
Engin
eeri
ng.
Data
Typ
eM
odel
ing
Her
oID
2128201
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Math
emati
clE
quati
ons
Hig
h1
equati
ons
pre
sente
d
Met
ric
2:
Model
Eva
luati
on
Med
ium
2W
eaddit
ionally
pro
pose
that
conducti
ng
subse
quent
supple
-m
enta
ryfield
studie
sis
hig
hly
necess
ary
toim
pro
ve
the
eval-
uati
on
of
modeling
resu
lts,
when
ecosy
stem
modeling
input
isre
stri
cte
dto
only
afe
wsp
ecie
sw
hic
hp
ote
nti
ally
are
not
pre
sent
at
the
site
inquest
ion.
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oL
ow3
Surf
ace
wate
rconcentr
ati
ons
from
conta
min
ate
dgro
undw
ate
r.
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c4:
Model
and
Model
Docu
men
tati
on
Ava
ilabilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Model
Inputs
and
Def
ault
sH
igh
1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c6:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
142
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Rip
pen
,G
.,K
lopff
er,
W.,F
risc
he,
R.,G
unth
er,
K.
O..
1984.
The
Envir
onm
enta
lM
odel
Seg
men
tA
ppro
ach
For
Est
imati
ng
Pote
nti
al
Envir
onm
enta
lC
once
ntr
ati
ons.
II.
Applica
tion
Of
The
Model
To
p-D
ichlo
rob
enze
ne
And
Tri
chlo
roet
hane.
Eco
tox-
icolo
gy
and
Envir
onm
enta
lSafe
ty.
Data
Typ
eM
odel
ing
Her
oID
2800950
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Math
emati
clE
quati
ons
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Model
Eva
luati
on
Med
ium
2lim
ited
validati
on
again
stlite
ratu
re
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c4:
Model
and
Model
Docu
men
tati
on
Ava
ilabilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Model
Inputs
and
Def
ault
sH
igh
1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c6:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyH
igh
1
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.3
Extr
act
edN
o
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
143
Stu
dy
Cit
ati
on:
Coulibaly
,L
.,L
abib
,M
.E
.,H
aze
n,
R..
2004.
AG
IS-b
ase
dm
ult
imed
iaw
ate
rshed
model
:dev
elopm
ent
and
applica
tion.
Chem
osp
her
e.D
ata
Typ
eM
odel
ing
Her
oID
3393249
Dom
ain
Met
ric
Rati
ng†
Sco
reC
om
men
ts‡
Dom
ain
1:
Rel
iabilit
yM
etri
c1:
Math
emati
clE
quati
ons
Hig
h1
Met
ric
2:
Model
Eva
luati
on
Med
ium
2
Dom
ain
2:
Rep
rese
nta
tive
Met
ric
3:
Exp
osu
reSce
nari
oM
ediu
m2
Dom
ain
3:
Acc
essi
bilit
y/C
lari
tyM
etri
c4:
Model
and
Model
Docu
men
tati
on
Ava
ilabilit
yH
igh
1M
etri
c5:
Model
Inputs
and
Def
ault
sH
igh
1
Dom
ain
4:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
etri
c6:
Vari
abilit
yand
Unce
rtain
tyM
ediu
m2
Over
all
Quality
Det
erm
inati
on*
Hig
h1.5
Extr
act
edY
es
†H
igh
=1;
Med
ium
=2;
Low
=3;
Un
acc
epta
ble
=4;
N/A
has
no
valu
e.‡
Th
eover
all
rati
ng
isca
lcu
late
das
nec
essa
ry.
EP
Am
ay
not
alw
ays
pro
vid
ea
com
men
tfo
ra
met
ric
that
has
bee
nca
tegori
zed
as
Hig
h.
*If
any
ind
ivid
ual
met
rics
are
dee
med
Un
acc
epta
ble
,th
enth
eover
all
rati
ng
isals
ou
nacc
epta
ble
.O
ther
wis
e,th
eover
all
rati
ng
isb
ase
don
the
follow
ing
scale
:H
igh
:≥
1to
<1.7
;M
ediu
m:
=≥
1.7
to<
2.3
;L
ow
:=≥
2.3
to≤
3.
144