Rise of Organized Labor

• Assembly lines create more ___________• Assembly lines create more ___________• Assembly lines get work done faster…

NOW there’s a “mad dash” to see which companies will make MORE products FASTER

______________ begin to take over the jobs people had performed in the past• Example: converters could mix metals,

cook them at right tem, produce perfect steel• A growing sense of powerlessness leads

workers to join together in UNIONS

Rise of Organized Labor

New Workplace– Before: small factories, family owned, very personal,

good wages– By 1802:• Large, crowded factories• No personal relationships• Low wages (skills easily replaced by machines)

WHAT IS A PUDDLER?:__________________________________________________________________

______________________________

___________________: workplace where people labor long hours in poor conditions for low pay begin to crop up. Most workers were young women & children

Children- _________________children under 15 working in sweatshops- Textile mills, tobacco factories, garment sweatshops, coal mines- No school or rest = _______________________________________________________• Vicious cycle (what was our “vicious cycle” during

Reconstruction?)

Hazards

»Lung damaging dust»_________________»Gas explosions»Molten metal spills»Health problems & _______________• 195 die in Pittsburgh in one year

alone

Organized LaborMany workers unhappy with conditions & find ways to fight back

• _________________________• _________________________

– Informal – organized by workers in individual factories– Pushed for better conditions, but most failed (unorganized)

I’m not being

treated well!!!My lungs are bleedinggg!

Knights of LaborKnights of Labor: 1869 an American labor organization to protect the rights of workers• Elected Terence Powderly as president

– He opens membership to» __________________» African Americans» __________________» Unskilled workers

Rallies in Favor of

• __________________• End to child labor• Equal pay for men and women•Workers and employers share

ownership & profits• 1885: ___________ people join KOL

Haymarket Square• Workers at McCormick Harvester Co. in _____________ go on strike

– (not-endorsed by KOL)• McCormick (like many others) hired ___________________:

replacements for striking workers• May 3, 1886: workers clash with strikebreakers outside the factory

– Police open fire, 4 workers killed

• Next day thousands gather to protest killings, rally led by anarchists: __________________________________________________________________________________–Bomb goes off & kills 7 policemen

Haymarket Square

8 anarchists arrested for part in Haymarket Riot: labor rally in Chicago in 1886 that ended in violence when ______________________________________»4 men were tried, convicted & hanged with no proof»Many Americans linked unions to dangerous anarchists• Result: ____________________________________

Haymarket Square