Rise Of European Nations(1000-1600)

I. Intro

II. England

A. William (1066-87)

B. Henry II (1154-89)

C. Others

III. France

A. Louis IX (1226-70)

B. War (1337-1443)

IV. RussiaA. Background

B. Two Czars

Key Terms• William the Conqueror• Domesday Book• King John• Magna Carta• Hundred Years War• Joan of Arc • Ivan III• Kremlin• Ivan IV

William The Conqueror(r. 1066-1087)

1. Successfully invaded England (from France) and became king of England.

2. All the land and wealth of England was surveyed in the Domesday Book.

3. Created the “Small Council” which evolved into…

Parliament!

William “The Conqueror” Was From Normandy

Henry II(r. 1154-1189)

2. Established judicial system based on “Twelve Good Men” enforced by nobles.

3. Result: A judicial system based on Common Law because precedents from local cases were followed.

1. Expanded England’s territory to include western France (ruled more of France than French king).

Tomb Of Henry II(Located in an abbey in Anjou, France)

Unsuccessful English King

• Nobility forced him to accept the Magna Carta.

King John

Magna Carta(1215)

• Remains the cornerstone of English law & their constitution

Replica on display at US Capital

French King1. Known for his Christian faith2. Established & maintained

French justice system; • Commissioned the

Establishments: a set of ordinances & customs designed to guide judges.

3. Sought peace with Christians (England & Spain).

Louis IX (1226-1270)

4. Waged wars against Muslims & led several Crusades Granted sainthood in 1297!

Louis IX• During 8th? Crusade Louis was captured in Al-

Mansoura in Egypt; Dr. Hamdy Helal’s home town.

“Judges House”-where he was kept

Louis’ cell was located on 2nd floor; less ranking

prisoners in smaller rooms

Hundred Years War(1337-1443)

• War fought between England & France

• Why: King of France died with out an heir & England’s Edward III tried to assert authority

• France eventually won & England lost its power on European continent

Edward III King of England

Joan of Arc(1412-1431)

• A young, French peasant girl.

• She led French troops to many victories.

• She was captured and executed by the English.

French Hero

Russia: Background

• From 1200s to late 1400s Russia was dominated by the Mongol Empire.

Russian Leaders

• United Russian principalities & expelled Mongols from Russia.

• Expanded Russian territory by uniting Moscow, Novgorod & Northern territories.

• Founder of modern Russian state.

Ivan III (The Great)

(r. 1462-1505)

The Kremlin = Fortress

• In 1056 the first walls were built; in 1367 it was re-built with stone.

• The Czars lived & conducted business there. It also contained cathedrals.

Czar Cannon: World’s Largest(Never been used)

Czar Bell: World’s Largest(Never been rung)

Assumption Cathedral-1479(Where Czars were crowned; Napoleon kept horses

here)

Archangel Cathedral-1508(Czars were buried here)

Annunciation Cathedral-1489(Czars were baptized & married here)

Another Russian Leader(Grandson of Ivan the Great)

• Italian architects rebuilt Kremlin walls (red brick) & shows Italian influence

Spasskaya Tower

Another Russian Leader(Grandson of Ivan the Great)

• Called Moscow the 3rd Rome; he was the first Czar.

• Brutally suppressed conspiracies associated with boyars (nobility).

• Expanded Russian territory Southward to Caspian & Black Sea.

Ivan IV (The Terrible)

(r. 1547-1584)

Rise Of European Nations(1000-1600)

I. IntroII. England

A. William (1066-87)B. Henry II (1154-89)C. Others

III. France A. Louis IX (1226-70)

IV. RussiaA. BackgroundB. Two Czars

Key Terms• William the

Conqueror• Domesday Book• King John• Magna Carta• Ivan III• Kremlin• Ivan IV