ribosomes by danielle bistran. what do they do? protein builders + synthesizers read the rna’s...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: RIBOSOMES By Danielle Bistran. WHAT DO THEY DO? Protein Builders + Synthesizers Read the RNA’s information and use it to create proteins (translation)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051820/56649eba5503460f94bc21d0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
RIBOSOMESBy Danielle Bistran
![Page 2: RIBOSOMES By Danielle Bistran. WHAT DO THEY DO? Protein Builders + Synthesizers Read the RNA’s information and use it to create proteins (translation)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051820/56649eba5503460f94bc21d0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
WHAT DO THEY DO?
• Protein Builders + Synthesizers• Read the RNA’s information
and use it to create proteins (translation)
![Page 3: RIBOSOMES By Danielle Bistran. WHAT DO THEY DO? Protein Builders + Synthesizers Read the RNA’s information and use it to create proteins (translation)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051820/56649eba5503460f94bc21d0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
WHAT DO THEY LOOK LIKE?
• 5-10 nm larger in eukaryotic cells
• Made out of complexes of RNAs and proteins
• 2 subunits:• Smaller attaches to mRNA (messenger RNA)• Larger binds to the tRNA and amino acids• They then split apart
![Page 4: RIBOSOMES By Danielle Bistran. WHAT DO THEY DO? Protein Builders + Synthesizers Read the RNA’s information and use it to create proteins (translation)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051820/56649eba5503460f94bc21d0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
WHERE DO THEY LIVE?
• Prokaryotes:• free forms in cytoplasm and protoplasm
• Eukaryotes:• Free in cytoplasm for use inside the cell• Attached to outer membrane of the E.R. for use outside
of the cell
![Page 5: RIBOSOMES By Danielle Bistran. WHAT DO THEY DO? Protein Builders + Synthesizers Read the RNA’s information and use it to create proteins (translation)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051820/56649eba5503460f94bc21d0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
PLANT CELL AND ANIMAL CELL
Plant Cell Animal Cell
![Page 6: RIBOSOMES By Danielle Bistran. WHAT DO THEY DO? Protein Builders + Synthesizers Read the RNA’s information and use it to create proteins (translation)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051820/56649eba5503460f94bc21d0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
WHAT HAPPENS IF THEY DON’T WORK CORRECTLY?
• Diamond-Blackfan Anemia• 5 infants/million• Heart and skeletal abnormalities, not enough red blood cells• 7 mutated genes give faulty instructions on how to make ribosomal proteins
• Cartilage Hair Hypoplasia• Rare, 1/19 of Amish population• Anemic, short limbs, leukopenia (low white blood cell count)• Gene mutation causes a buildup of one enzyme which builds ribosomal RNA
![Page 7: RIBOSOMES By Danielle Bistran. WHAT DO THEY DO? Protein Builders + Synthesizers Read the RNA’s information and use it to create proteins (translation)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051820/56649eba5503460f94bc21d0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
WHAT HAPPENS IF THEY DO NOT WORK CORRECTLY (CONTINUED)
• Swachman-Diamnd Syndrome• 1/100,000 children• Pancreatic problems that lead to steatorrhea (low platelet count)• Gene mutation causes a low amount of enzymes made out of proteins
• Dyskeratosis Congenita• 1/million children• Hair, nail, skin, lungs, blood, digestive and immune systems abnormalities• Gene mutation that causes ribosome deficiency
![Page 8: RIBOSOMES By Danielle Bistran. WHAT DO THEY DO? Protein Builders + Synthesizers Read the RNA’s information and use it to create proteins (translation)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051820/56649eba5503460f94bc21d0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SOURCES
• http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_ribos.html
• http://www.cs.stedwards.edu/chem/Chemistry/CHEM43/CHEM43/Ribosomes/Ribosome.HTML
• http://www.livestrong.com/article/208980-what-is-a-list-of-ribosomes-diseases/