reviewer in cisco

7/21/2019 Reviewer in Cisco

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Cisco reviewer

IEEE Standards

IEEE 802.1 Bridging (networking) and NetworkManagement

IEEE 802.2 LLC

IEEE 802. Et!ernet

IEEE 802." #oken $%s

IEEE 802.& 'enes t!e MC *a+er ,or a #oken -ing

IEEE 802. MNs ('/'B)

IEEE 802.8 i$er tic #3 dis$anded

IEEE 802.11 4ire*ess LN (4LN) 5 Mes! (4i6i

certication)

IEEE 802.1" Ca$*e modems dis$andedIEEE 802.1& 4ire*ess 7N

IEEE 802.1&.1 B*%etoot! certication

IEEE 802.1&.2 IEEE 802.1& and IEEE 802.11

coeistence

IEEE 802.1 Broad$and 4ire*ess ccess (4iM9

certication)

Common 7ort N%m$ers


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21 #7

2#ELNE#

2& SM#7: ##7 6;'7

80


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i*e #rans,er 7rotoco* (FTP) is a standard network

rotoco* %sed to trans,er *es ,rom one !ost to

anot!er !ost over a #C76$ased networkA s%c! as t!eInternet.


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!o co%nt o, 1 is considered an innite distanceA

in ot!er words t!e ro%te is considered %nreac!a$*e.

Sim*e Mai* #rans,er 7rotoco* (SMTP) is an Internet

standard ,or e*ectronic mai* (e6mai*) transmission

across Internet 7rotoco* (I7) networks.

Sec%re S!e** (SSH) is a cr+togra!ic network

rotoco* ,or sec%re data comm%nicationA remote

command6*ine *oginA remote command eec%tionA

and ot!er sec%re network services $etween two

networked com%ters t!at connectsA via a sec%rec!anne* over an insec%re networkA a server and a

c*ient (r%nning SS< server and SS< c*ient rogramsA

resective*+)

Telnetis a network rotoco* %sed on t!e Internet or

*oca* area networks to rovide a $idirectiona*

interactive tet6oriented comm%nication ,aci*it+ %singa virt%a* termina* connection. ;ser data is

intersersed in6$and wit! #e*net contro* in,ormation

in an 86$it $+te oriented data connection over t!e

#ransmission Contro* 7rotoco* (#C7).

#ransmission Contro* 7rotoco* (TCP) is one o, t!e

core rotoco*s o, t!e Internet rotoco* s%ite (I7)A andis so common t!at t!e entire s%ite is o,ten ca**ed

#C7I7. #C7 rovides re*ia$*eA orderedA error6c!ecked

de*iver+ o, a stream o, octets $etween rograms

r%nning on com%ters connected to a *oca* area


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networkA intranet or t!e %$*ic Internet. It resides at

t!e transort *a+er.

;ser 'atagram 7rotoco* (UDP) is one o, t!e core

mem$ers o, t!e Internet rotoco* s%ite (t!e set o,

network rotoco*s %sed ,or t!e Internet). 4it! ;'7A

com%ter a*ications can send messagesA in t!is

case re,erred to as datagramsA to ot!er !osts on an

Internet 7rotoco* (I7) network wit!o%t rior

comm%nications to set % secia* transmission

c!anne*s or data at!s.

Internet 7rotoco* (IP) is t!e rincia* comm%nications

rotoco* in t!e Internet rotoco* s%ite ,or re*a+ing

datagrams across network $o%ndaries. Its ro%ting

,%nction ena$*es internetworkingA and essentia**+

esta$*is!es t!e Internet.

Internet Contro* Message 7rotoco* (ICMP) is one o,t!e core rotoco*s o, t!e Internet 7rotoco* S%ite. It is

%sed $+ network devicesA *ike ro%tersA to send error

messages indicatingA ,or eam*eA t!at a re@%ested

service is not avai*a$*e or t!at a !ost or ro%ter co%*d

not $e reac!ed.

ddress -eso*%tion 7rotoco* (ARP) is a

te*ecomm%nications rotoco* %sed ,or reso*%tion o,

network *a+er addresses into *ink *a+er addressesA a

critica* ,%nction in m%*ti*e6access networks. -7 was

dened $+ -C 82 in 1:82.D1 It is Internet Standard


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S#' F. It is a*so t!e name o, t!e rogram ,or

mani%*ating t!ese address

7oint6to67oint 7rotoco* (PPP) is a data *ink rotoco*

common*+ %sed in esta$*is!ing a direct connection

$etween two networking nodes. It can rovide

connection a%t!enticationA transmission encr+tion

(%sing EC7A -C 1:8)A and comression.

Network ddress #rans*ation (NAT) is designed ,or I7

address conservation. It ena$*es rivate I7 n*etworks

t!at %se %nregistered I7 addresses to connect to t!eInternet. N# oerates on a ro%terA %s%a**+

connecting two networks toget!erA and trans*ates t!e

rivate (not g*o$a**+ %ni@%e) addresses in t!e interna*

network into *ega* addressesA $e,ore ackets are

,orwarded to anot!er network.

7rotoco* data %nit (PDU) !as t!e ,o**owing meaningsG

In,ormation t!at is de*ivered as a %nit among eer

entities o, a network and t!at ma+ contain contro*

in,ormationA s%c! as address in,ormationA or %ser data.

In a *a+ered s+stemA a %nit o, data w!ic! is secied in a

rotoco* o, a given *a+er and w!ic! consists o, rotoco*6

contro* in,ormation and ossi$*+ %ser data o, t!at *a+er

7rotoco* 'ata ;nit (7';)

#!e La+er 1 (7!+sica* La+er) 7'; is t!e $it orA more

genera**+A s+m$o* (can a*so $e seen as HstreamH)


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#!e La+er 2 ('ata Link La+er) 7'; is t!e ,rame

#!e La+er (Network La+er) 7'; is t!e acket

#!e La+er " (#ransort La+er) 7'; is t!e segment ,or #C7Aor t!e datagram ,or ;'7

C!aracteristics o, transort *a+er rotoco*s

#C7 and ;'7 ort n%m$ers are %sed $+ a*ication *a+er

rotoco*s.

#C7 %ses windowing and se@%encing to rovide re*ia$*e

trans,er o, data.

#C7 is a connection6oriented rotoco*. ;'7 is a

connection*ess rotoco*.

'escrition o, a ro%ter memor+ t+e and its contents

-M is nonvo*ati*e and contains $asic diagnostic

so,tware.

-M is vo*ati*e and stores t!e I7 ro%ting ta$*e.


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