review. what is atomic number, z? the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom – also, the...
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REVIEW
WHAT IS ATOMIC NUMBER, Z?
WHAT IS ATOMIC NUMBER, Z?
THE NUMBER OF PROTONS IN THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM – ALSO, THE NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IN A NEUTRAL ATOM.
WHAT IS ATOMIC MASS?
WHAT IS ATOMIC MASS?
ATOMIC MASS = A = # PROTONS + # NEUTRONS
FILL IN THE FOLLOWING TABLE.
PARTICLE MASS, AMU CHARGE
PROTON
NEUTRON
ELECTRON
FILL IN THE FOLLOWING TABLE.
PARTICLE MASS, AMU CHARGE
PROTON 1 +
NEUTRON 1 0
ELECTRON 0 -
WHAT IS AN ISOTOPE?
WHAT IS AN ISOTOPE?
AN ATOM WITH THE SAME ATOMIC NUMBER, BUT DIFFERENT ATOMIC MASS (DIFFERENT NUMBERS OF NEUTRONS).
WHY ARE THE ATOMIC MASSES GIVEN IN THE PERIODIC TABLE SOMETIMES NOT WHOLE NUMBERS?
WHY ARE THE ATOMIC MASSES GIVEN IN THE PERIODIC TABLE SOMETIMES NOT WHOLE NUMBERS?
THEY ARE BASED ON AVERAGES OF THE % WEIGHTED AVERAGES OF THE NATURALLY OCCURING ISOTOPES.
WHAT DETERMINES THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF AN ELEMENT?
WHAT DETERMINES THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF AN ELEMENT?
THE NUMBER OF PROTONS IN THE NUCLEUS (THE ATOMIC NUMBER), AND, IN TURN, THE NUMBER AND ARRANGEMENT OF THE ELECTRONS IN ORBIT ABOUT THE NUCLEUS.
CONVERT 45o C TO oF.
CONVERT 45o C TO oF.
oF = 1.8 X oC + 32
oF = 1.8 X 45 + 32 = 113o
CONVERT 400o K TO oC.
CONVERT 400o K TO oC.
oK = oC + 273o
Or oC = oK – 273o = 400o - 273o = 127o
CONVERT 120 LBS TO GRAMS.
CONVERT 120 LBS TO GRAMS.
1 kg = 2.2 lbs conversion factor 1 = 1 kg/2.2 lbs
120 lbs x 1 kg/2.2 lbs = 54.5 kg
1 kg = 1000 g conversion factor 1 = 1000g/1 kg
54.5 kg x 1000 g/1 kg = 54500 g
WHAT ARE THE 3 COMMON STATES OF MATTER?
WHAT ARE THE 3 COMMON STATES OF MATTER?
SOLID, LIQUID, GAS
IN TERMS OF VOLUME AND SHAPE, HOW WOULD YOU CHARACTERIZE EACH OF THEM?
IN TERMS OF VOLUME AND SHAPE, HOW WOULD YOU CHARACTERIZE EACH OF THEM?
SOLID – DEFINITE VOLUME AND SHAPE
LIQUID – DEFINITE VOLUME, BUT ASSUMES THE SHAPE OF THE CONTAINER
GAS – NO DEFINITE VOLUME OR SHAPE – ASSUMES THE VOLUME AND SHAPE OF THE CONTAINER
WHAT IS TEMPERATURE A MEASURE OF?
WHAT IS TEMPERATURE A MEASURE OF?
THE AVERAGE KINETIC ENERGY OF THE PARTICLES MAKING UP THE OBJECT
WHY IS A GAS MORE COMPRESSIBLE THAN AN LIQUID?
WHY IS A GAS MORE COMPRESSIBLE THAN AN LIQUID?
THE PARTICLES IN A GAS ARE FAR APART AND MOVE INDEPENDENTLY OF EACH OTHER. THE PARTICLES IN A LIQUID ARE CLOSE TOGETHER AND CAN ONLY SLIDE PAST EACH OTHER.
WHAT HAPPENS AT ABSOLUTE ZERO?
WHAT HAPPENS AT ABSOLUTE ZERO?
THE PARTICLES HAVE ZERO KINETIC ENERGY. THERE IS NO ATOMIC OR MOLECULAR MOTION.
WHAT IS SCIENCE?
WHAT IS SCIENCE?
THE STUDY OF HOW THINGS HAPPEN.
WHAT IS CHEMISTRY?
WHAT IS CHEMISTRY?
THE SCIENCE OF MATTER AND ITS INTERACTIONS.
WHAT IS PHYSICS?
WHAT IS PHYSICS?
THE SCIENCE OF ENERGY.
A FRIEND OF YOURS WANTS TO TELL YOU A GREAT THEORY HE HAS ABOUT THE EXISTENCE OF GHOSTS. WHAT IS HE REALLY TRYING TO TELL YOU?
A FRIEND OF YOURS WANTS TO TELL YOU A GREAT THEORY HE HAS ABOUT THE EXISTENCE OF GHOSTS. WHAT IS HE REALLY TRYING TO TELL YOU?
THAT HE HAS A HYPOTHESIS (AN IDEA).
HOW DOES A HYPOTHESIS BECOME A THEORY?
HOW DOES A HYPOTHESIS BECOME A THEORY?
THE HYPOTHESIS HAS TO BE TESTED BY EXPERIMENT AND PROVEN TO BE TRUE.
FILL IN THE TABLE BELOW:
NAME SYMBOL Z, AT. NO.
A, AT. MASS
#P #N #E
Sodium Na 11 23
Oxygen 8 8
Carbon 12 6
Neon Ne
Aluminum
Al 13 14
FILL IN THE TABLE BELOW:
NAME SYMBOL Z, AT. NO.
A, AT. MASS
#P #N #E
Sodium Na 11 23 11 12 11
Oxygen O 8 16 8 8 8
Carbon C 6 12 6 6 6
Neon Ne 10 20 10 10 10
Aluminum
Al 13 27 13 14 13
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A CHEMICAL PROPERTY AND A PHYSICAL PROPERTY?
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A CHEMICAL PROPERTY AND A PHYSICAL PROPERTY?
A CHEMICAL PROPERTY INVOLVES A CHEMICAL CHANGE (A CHEMICAL REACTION HAS TO OCCUR).
GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF A CHEMICAL PROPERTY.
GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF A CHEMICAL PROPERTY.
HOW EASILY A METAL TARNISHES (RUSTS).
GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF A PHYSICAL PROPERTY.
GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF A PHYSICAL PROPERTY.
BOILING POINT
MELTING POINT
HARDNESS
COLOR
DENSITY
WHAT IS DENSITY?
WHAT IS DENSITY?
DENSITY IS A MEASURE OF THE COMPACTNESS OF MATTER. IT IS GIVEN BY
DENSITY = MASS / VOLUME
CLASSIFY THE FOLLOWING AS TYPE OF MATTER (ELEMENT, COMPOUND, HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE, HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE).
ALUMINUM
TABLE SUGAR
OATMEAL COOKIES
PERFUME
LIVER
CLASSIFY THE FOLLOWING AS TYPE OF MATTER (ELEMENT, COMPOUND, HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE, HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE).
ALUMINUM - ELEMENT
TABLE SUGAR - COMPOUND
OATMEAL COOKIES – HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE
PERFUME – HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE (SOLUTION)
LIVER – HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE