review test 5: twentieth century art. extremely varied artists strived for personal expression known...
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Review
Test 5:
Twentieth Century Art
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Twentieth Century Art
• Extremely varied
• Artists strived for personal expression
• Known for diversified nature
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Post-Impressionism
• Early 1900’s-1910
• Major artists:– Cezanne
• Focus on geometric forms
• Inspiration to modern art
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Fauvism
• 1905-1907
• Non-natural colors
• Major artist:– Matisse
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Cubism
• 1908-1912+
• Multiple aspects/viewpoints at one time
• Break apart, angular
• Geometric, reduced
• Major artists:– Picasso– Braque
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Picasso
• Guernica• 1937
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Braque
• Clarinet and Bottle of Rum on a Mantelpiece
• 1911
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German Expressionism
• 1905-1935
• Two major movements
• The Bridge– Angular, like woodblocks– Raw direct style– Kirshner
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German Expressionism
• The Blue Rider– Blue colors– Expressed feeling with color– Marc– Kandinski
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Munch
• The Scream• 1893
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Futurism• 1909-1914+
• Beauty of speed and aggressive movement
• Depict movement
• Machine imagery
• Borrowed style of Cubism
• Precursor to Surrealism
• Major artist:– Balla
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Balla
• Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash
• 1912
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Dada
• 1915-1923
• Real objects as art
• Illogical
• Based on ideas
• Forms basis for surrealism, possibly Pop art
• Major artist:– Duchamp
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Oppenheim
• Fur-Covered Cup, Saucer, and Spoon
• 1936
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Surrealism
• 1920’s-1930’s (Europe)– The Surrealist Manifesto, André Breton
• 1940’s (U.S)
• Incongruent
• Dream imagery
• Two types:– Naturalistic– Organic
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Surrealism
• Naturalistic– Melted, unrealistic forms– Recognizable out of context– Dali, Magritte
• Organic– Organic, freeform shapes– Amorphic, ambiguous shape– Miró
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Dali
• The Persistence of Memory
• 1931
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American Modernism
• 1920’s-1930’s• Regionalism
– Stylized realism– American Heartland– Benton, Wood, Curry- main artists
• American Realism– Empty, lonely realism– Form, not subject– Hopper– Simplicity of design
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Wood
• American Gothic• 1930
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Abstract Expressionism
• 1940’s (U.S.)• 1950’s (Europe)• First style to originate in America• Emphasis on brush gesture• Main artists:
– Pollock– DeKooning– Frankenthaller– Rothco– Motherwell
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Abstract Expressionism
• Pollock– Unchecked self-expression– Drip paintings– Emphasis on act of expression, not product
• De Kooning– Recognizable imagery– Abstract, but restrained
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Abstract Expressionism
• Frankenthaller– Stained canvases– Large areas of color
• Rothco– Rectangular areas– Abstract images
• Motherwell– Painter of New York school– Oval shapes, vertical bands
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Pollock
• Number 13A • 1948• Arabesque
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De Kooning
• Woman I.• 1950-52
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Pop Art
• 1950’s (Europe)
• 1960’s (U.S.)
• Warhol– Objects from popular culture– Machine-made items
• Lichtenstein– Comic book images– Bubbles for words
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Warhol
• Campbell’s Soup Cans
• 1962
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Op Art
• 1960’s
• Manipulates lines and color
• Produces optical illusions
• Major artists:– Vasarelli– Rieley
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Minimalism
• 1950’s-1960’s• Brought subject to absolute minimum• Major artists:
– Judd• Sculptor, simple forms
– Noland– Stella
• Shaped canvases
– Kelly
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Photo Realism
• 1970’s
• Looks like a photograph
• Ultra real
• Major artists:– Close– Estes– Flack
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Post Modernism
• 1970’s+
• Venturi– Architect– Many approaches and styles
• Graves– Multiple traditions in single work
• Gehry– “Collision of competing styles”
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Feminist Art
• 1970’s
• Many female artists
• Focus on female themes
• Started in Chicago
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Conceptual Art
• 1960’s+• Sol Le Witt gave name• Umbrella term covering diverse movements
– Process– Environmental– Performance– Installation
• Media art– Nam June Paik
• Father of video art
– Holzer
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Earthworks, Site-Specific Art
• 1970’s+
• Limited time
• Artwork designed for specific location
• Artists:
• Cristo– “Wrapping”– Installation
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Earthworks, Site-Specific Art
• Smithson– Spiral Jetty– 1970
• Serra– Tilted Arc– 1981
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Performance Art
• 1950’s-1960’s
• Drama and art combined
• Major artists:– Beuys
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Installations
• 1980’s
• Borofsky
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Neo-Expressionism
• 1980’s
• Revived angular distortions and emotional content of Expressionism
• Beuys: father on Neo-Expressionism
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Neo-Expressionism
• Other artists (international):– Kiefer– Richter– Polke– Baselotz– Clemente– Chia– Cucchi– Basquiat
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Post Modern
• 1990’s+
• Political
• Major issues:– AIDS– Environment– Homelessness– Racism– Sex– Violence
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Post Modern
• Artists:– Kruger– Levine– Koons– Starn– Longo– Sherman– Fischl– Haring– Smith
• Artists:– Dine– Katz– Rollins– SOS– Samaras– Spero– Steir– Taaffe– Mae-Weems– Winters
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Folk Art
• c1950-2000’s
• Untrained artists
• Found objects
• Primarily Southern artists
• Major artists:– Finster– Dial